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VIEWPOINT: The new EU Global Health Strategy and research: From policy to action Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-10 A. Plasència, A. Vassall, I. Agyepong, C. Assohou‐Luty, L. Goerlitz, K. Klipstein‐Grobusch, A. Rocamora, F. Cobelens
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Collective knowledge exchange through regional hubs: Local expertise, global platform Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-10 Camilla Alay Llamas, Renzo Guinto, Julia Addison, Nazmul Alam, Hannah Brown Amoakoh, Vicente Artola Arita, Noa Kolpa, Juliette Mattijsen, Ying Zhang, George S. Downward, Joyce L. Browne
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Development of a health literacy scale for COVID‐19 prevention among pregnant women in Thailand Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-06 Nittaya Panngam, Khanitta Nuntaboot, Nopparat Senahad, Roshan Kumar Mahato
COVID‐19 infection among pregnant women results in more severe symptoms and higher mortality rates. No comprehensive health literacy for protection against COVID‐19 among pregnant women has been available for general use in Thailand. This cross‐sectional study aimed to develop and examine an instrument for measuring health literacy of prevention COVID‐19 infection among pregnant women (HLS‐P). A total
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Association between experienced stigma, anxiety, depression and loneliness among people with drug‐resistant tuberculosis in Lagos Nigeria: The moderating role of social support Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-05 Olusola Adedeji Adejumo, Firoza Haffejee, Champaklal Jinabhai, Olusoji Daniel
BackgroundThis study assessed the moderating effect of social support on the association between experienced stigma versus anxiety, depression and loneliness among people with drug‐resistant tuberculosis.MethodsA descriptive cross‐sectional study was conducted among 203 adults on treatment for drug‐resistant tuberculosis for at least 8 weeks. Validated scales were used to assess experienced stigma
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A case–control study on risk factors for visceral leishmaniasis in West Pokot County, Kenya Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-04 Norbert J. van Dijk, Jane Carter, David Kiptanui, Petra F. Mens, Henk D. F. H. Schallig
BackgroundVisceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a severe parasitic disease transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies. VL is endemic in West Pokot County, Kenya, where effective strategies to interrupt transmission are impeded by the limited understanding of VL risk factors. Therefore, this case–control study aimed to explore environmental, behavioural and household determinants of VL in West Pokot.MethodsFrom
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Prevalence of hepatitis and HIV infection among 18‐months old children in Guinea‐Bissau before vaccination Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-08-27 Alexander Dutschke, Jane Agergaard, Candida Medina, Bo Langhoff Hønge
ObjectivesThis study reports on the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in children in Guinea‐Bissau before the hepatitis B vaccine was introduced.MethodsCross‐sectional study. From 2005 to 2008, 187 children aged 18 months were enrolled in a vaccine trial and had blood samples taken to test for HBV (HbsAg, anti‐HBs and anti‐HBc), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV.ResultsHBsAg prevalence was 11.2%
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Compliance with tetracycline eye ointment during annual mass drug administration for trachoma control in the Amhara region, Ethiopia Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-08-15 Solomon Aragie, Ayalew Shiferaw, Eshetu Sata, Dagnachew Hailu, Adane Dagnew, Taye Zeru, Adisu Abebe, Zerihun Tadesse, Dionna M. Wittberg, Isabel J. B. Thompson, Thomas M. Lietman, Scott D. Nash, Kimberly A. Jensen, E. Kelly Callahan, Jeremy D. Keenan
ObjectivesA 6‐week course of tetracycline eye ointment is an alternative to single ‐dose oral azithromycin in annual mass drug administration for trachoma control. Compliance with the recommended tetracycline eye ointment regimen has not been well characterised when administered as part of a trachoma control program.MethodsA routine mass drug administration for trachoma was carried out in 40 communities
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Trends and correlates in HIV viral load monitoring and viral suppression among adolescents and young adults in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-08-04 Joan Rugemalila, Peter P. Kunambi, Maryam Amour, Veryeh Sambu, Fikiri Kisonjela, Angelica Rugarabamu, Michael Mahande, David Sando, Christopher R. Sudfeld, Bruno Sunguya, Tumaini Nagu, Said Aboud
BackgroundAdolescents and young adults (AYA) living with HIV have been shown to have lower rates of viral load testing and viral suppression as compared to older adults. We examined trends over time and predictors of HIV viral load monitoring and viral suppression among AYA in a large HIV treatment programme in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.MethodsWe analysed longitudinal data of AYA aged 10–24 years initiated
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Molecular detection of extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase‐ and carbapenemase‐producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in southwest Iran Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-08-03 Nabi Jomehzadeh, Mohammad Rahimzadeh, Bahare Ahmadi
ObjectiveThe global emergence of carbapenem‐resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae is considered a significant contemporary concern., as carbapenems are the last resort for treating infections caused by multidrug‐resistant Gram‐negative bacteria. This study aimed to investigate the carbapenem‐resistance genes in extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase producing K. pneumoniae isolates.MethodsSeventy‐five non‐duplicate
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A health decision analytical model to evaluate the cost‐effectiveness of female genital schistosomiasis screening strategies: The female genital schistosomiasis SCREEN framework Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-08-03 Olimpia Lamberti, Fern Terris‐Prestholt, Amaya L. Bustinduy, Fiammetta Bozzani
Female genital schistosomiasis is a chronic gynaecological disease caused by the waterborne parasite Schistosoma (S.) haematobium. It affects an estimated 30–56 million girls and women globally, mostly in sub‐Saharan Africa where it is endemic, and negatively impacts their sexual and reproductive life. Recent studies found evidence of an association between female genital schistosomiasis and increased
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Long‐lasting residual efficacy of Actellic®300CS and Icon®10CS on different surfaces against Anopheles stephensi, an invasive malaria vector Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-31 Fatemeh Nikpour, Hassan Vatandoost, Ahmad Ali Hanafi‐Bojd, Ahmad Raeisi, Abdolreza Mirolyaie, Abdol‐rasol Mojahedi, Masoud Yaryan, Ahad Banar, Farzad Kaveh, Madineh Abbasi, Mostafa Farmani
BackgroundAnopheles stephensi, a malaria‐transmitting mosquito species, has developed resistance to various insecticides such as DDT, Dieldrin, Malathion, and synthetic pyrethroids. To combat this issue, the World Health Organization (WHO) suggests using Actellic®300CS and Icon®10CS for Indoor Residual Spraying to tackle pyrethroid‐resistant mosquitoes. The aim of this research project was to evaluate
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Prevalence of non‐communicable diseases among household contacts of people with tuberculosis: A systematic review and individual participant data meta‐analysis Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-27 Yohhei Hamada, Matteo Quartagno, Farihah Malik, Keolebogile Ntshamane, Anna Tisler, Sanjay Gaikwad, Carlos Acuna‐Villaorduna, Perumal Kannabiran Bhavani, Bachti Alisjahbana, Katharina Ronacher, Lika Apriani, Mercedes Becerra, Alexander L. Chu, Jacob Creswell, Gustavo Diaz, Beatriz E. Ferro, Jerome T. Galea, Louis Grandjean, Harleen M. S. Grewal, Amita Gupta, Edward C. Jones‐López, Léanie Kleynhans
ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of non‐communicable diseases among household contacts of people with tuberculosis.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and individual participant data meta‐analysis. We searched Medline, Embase and the Global Index Medicus from inception to 16 May 2023. We included studies that assessed for at least one non‐communicable disease among household contacts of people
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Spatiotemporal analysis of regional and age differences in tuberculosis prevalence in mainland China Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-24 Fengwen Huang, Stephen Temitayo Bello
Globally, tuberculosis is a leading cause of infectious disease deaths. China ranks third among the 30 high‐burden countries for tuberculosis and accounts for approximately 7.4% of the cases reported worldwide. Since very few studies have investigated the age difference in tuberculosis prevalence in mainland China, therefore, the preliminary characterisation of age differences in tuberculosis patients
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Converging evidence on the high prevalence of epilepsy in Rwanda: Response to the commentary ‘High prevalence of epilepsy in Southern and Northern Rwanda: Myth or reality?’ Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-24 Ieme Garrez, Dirk E. Teuwen, Fidèle Sebera, Jeannine Kayirangwa, Uta E. Düll, Peter Dedeken, Paul A. J. M. Boon
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Prediabetes and the treatment outcome of tuberculosis: A meta‐analysis Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-23 Lingbo Liang, Qiaoli Su
ObjectivesDiabetes has been related to higher risk and poor prognosis of patients with tuberculosis, while the influence of prediabetes on the treatment outcome of patients with tuberculosis remains not determined. A meta‐analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of prediabetes on treatment outcome of patients with tuberculosis.MethodsRelevant cohort studies were acquired through a search of
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Cutaneous infection due to Mycobacterium marinum: A series of four cases from Kerala, India Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-23 Soumya Jagadeesan, Vinitha Panicker, Anil Kumar, Malini Eapen, Lalitha Biswas, Jyothish R. Pillai, Divya Vijaykumar, Lekshmi Sajini, Anjana Venugopal, Parasmal Suresh, Raja Biswas
Mycobacterium marinum is a non‐tuberculous mycobacterium which can be found in naturally occurring, non‐chlorinated water sources and is a known pathogen that affects fish. In humans, M. marinum typically results in cutaneous lesions, it can occasionally lead to more invasive disorders. We discuss four cases of M. marinum‐related cutaneous infections examined in a tertiary care facility. We want to
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Epidemiology of infectious diseases in migrant populations from endemic or high‐endemic countries: A multicentric primary care‐based study in Spain Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-20 Angeline Cruz, Ethel Sequeira‐Aymar, Alessandra Queiroga Gonçalves, Laura Camps‐Vila, Marta M. Monclús‐González, Elisa M. Revuelta‐Muñoz, Núria Busquet‐Solé, Susana Sarriegui‐Domínguez, Aina Casellas, Alba Cuxart‐Graell, M. Rosa Dalmau Llorca, Carina Aguilar‐Martín, Ana Requena‐Méndez
ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the epidemiology of seven infections (Chagas disease, strongyloidiasis, schistosomiasis, human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C virus, and active tuberculosis) in migrant populations attended at primary care facilities in Catalonia, Spain.MethodsThis is a cross sectional study conducted from March to December 2018 at eight primary care centres in Catalonia, Spain
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Adolescent health‐risk behaviours in Uruguay: Patterns from national cross‐sectional school surveys conducted in 2006, 2012 and 2019 Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-14 Supa Pengpid, Karl Peltzer, María José Rodríguez
BackgroundThere are no trend studies on various health risk behaviours among adolescents in Uruguay. Therefore, this study looked at trends in a number of health‐risky behaviours among adolescents in Uruguay from three separate surveys.MethodsData from 9272 adolescents (age range: 11–16 years), who took part in three cross‐sectional national in‐school surveys in Uruguay in 2006, 2012 and 2019 were
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Buruli ulcer, tuberculosis and leprosy: Exploring the One Health dimensions of three most prevalent mycobacterial diseases: A narrative review Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-12 Orestis Spiliopoulos, Zisimangelos Solomos, Karl Philipp Puchner
ΟbjectivesAlthough Buruli ulcer, tuberculosis, and leprosy are the three most common mycobacterial diseases, One Health dimensions of these infections remain poorly understood. This narrative review aims at exploring the scientific literature with respect to the presence of animal reservoir(s) and other environmental sources for the pathogens of these infections, their role in transmission to humans
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Determinants of diarrheal disease in children undergoing complementary feeding in a low‐income urban setting in Kenya Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-12 Frida Adhiambo Okeyo, Edna Nyang'echi, Bernard Guyah
ObjectivesThis study aimed to identify and characterise the determinants influencing the occurrence of diarrheal diseases in children aged 6–24 months undergoing complementary feeding within a low‐income urban community in Kenya.MethodsThis study followed a cross‐sectional design and recruited caregivers of children aged 6–24 months from 302 households. The dependent variable was the 2‐week diarrhoea
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Long‐term impact of an integrated HIV/non‐communicable disease care intervention on patient retention in care and clinical outcomes in East Africa Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-08 Ivan Namakoola, Faith Moyo, Josephine Birungi, Sokoine Kivuyo, Peter Karoli, Sayoki Mfinanga, Moffat Nyirenda, Shabbar Jaffar, Anupam Garrib
ObjectiveTo describe rates of retention in care and control of hypertension, diabetes and HIV among participants receiving integrated care services for a period of up to 24 months in East Africa.MethodsBetween 5 October 2018 and 23 June 2019 participants enrolled into a prospective cohort study evaluating the feasibility of integrated care delivery for HIV, diabetes and hypertension from a single point
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Global trend and epidemiological profiles of climate‐related disasters from 2000 to 2021 Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-04 Andrea Fernández García, Rick Kye Gan, José Antonio Cernuda Martínez, Pedro Arcos González
ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to analyse the epidemiological profile of global climate‐related disasters in terms of morbidity and mortality, as well as to examine their temporal trends.MethodThis cross‐sectional study analysed climate‐related global disasters from 2000 to 2021, utilising definitions and criteria from the United Nations Strategy for Disaster Reduction and the Centre for Research
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Correcting mortality estimates among children and youth on antiretroviral therapy in southern Africa: A comparative analysis between a multi‐country tracing study and linkage to a health information exchange Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-04 Patience Nyakato, Michael Schomaker, Andrew Boulle, Jonathan Euvrard, Robin Wood, Brian Eley, Hans Prozesky, Benedikt Christ, Nanina Anderegg, Irene Ayakaka, Idiovino Rafael, Cordelia Kunzekwenyika, Carolyn B. Moore, Monique van Lettow, Cleophas Chimbetete, Safari Mbewe, Marie Ballif, Matthias Egger, Constantin T. Yiannoutsos, Morna Cornell, Mary‐Ann Davies
ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to assess the outcomes of children, adolescents and young adults with HIV reported as lost to follow‐up, correct mortality estimates for children, adolescents and young adults with HIV for unascertained outcomes in those loss to follow‐up (LTFU) based on tracing and linkage data separately using data from the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate
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Models for predicting the risk of illness in leprosy contacts in Brazil: Leprosy prediction models in Brazilian contacts Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-04 Edilamar Silva de Alecrin, Maria Auxiliadora Parreiras Martins, Ana Laura Grossi de Oliveira, Sandra Lyon, Ana Thereza Chaves Lages, Ilka Afonso Reis, Fernando Henrique Pereira, Dulcinea Oliveira, Isabela Maria Bernardes Goulart, Manoel Otávio da Costa Rocha
ObjectiveThis study aims to develop and validate predictive models that assess the risk of leprosy development among contacts, contributing to an enhanced understanding of disease occurrence in this population.MethodsA cohort of 600 contacts of people with leprosy treated at the National Reference Center for Leprosy and Health Dermatology at the Federal University of Uberlândia (CREDESH/HC‐UFU) was
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A noma case report: A warning message from Northern Uganda Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Bianca Maria Longo, Martina Merli, Bonny Achana, Maurice Okao, Godfrey Smart Okot, Simone Ribero, Andrea Calcagno, Giorgia Montrucchio, Carmen Orlotti
Noma, or Cancrum oris, is a severe and rapidly progressing gangrenous infection that primarily affects the face. It is most commonly observed in children living in impoverished conditions, especially in sub‐Saharan Africa. Rapid diagnosis and early management are crucial to prevent devastating consequences, such as functional limitations and serious psychological repercussions. Herein, we present a
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High prevalence of epilepsy in Southern and Northern Rwanda: Myth or reality? Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-06-29 S. A. Angwafor, M. M. Watila, A. K. Njamnshi, J. W. Sander
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Understanding pre-hospital disease management of fever and diarrhoea in children-Care pathways in rural Tanzania. Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-06-18 Maike Maria Lamshöft,Edwin Liheluka,Greta Ginski,John P A Lusingu,Daniel Minja,Samwel Gesase,Joyce Mbwana,George Gesase,Lydia Rautman,Wibke Loag,Jürgen May,Denise Dekker,Ralf Krumkamp
OBJECTIVE Many children in sub-Saharan Africa die from infectious diseases like malaria, pneumonia, and diarrhoea that can be prevented by early diagnosis, effective and targeted treatment. This study aimed to gain insights into case management practices by parents before they present their children to hospital. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study among 332 parents attending a district hospital
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Impact of seasonal malaria chemoprevention based on the number of medicines doses received on malaria burden among children aged 3-59 months in Nigeria: A propensity score-matched analysis. Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-06-06 Sikai Huang,Kevin Baker,Taiwo Ibinaiye,Olusola Oresanya,Chuks Nnaji,Sol Richardson
BACKGROUND Seasonal malaria chemoprevention using sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine (sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine on Day 1 and amodiaquine on both Day 2 and Day 3) is delivered to children aged 3-59 months in areas of highly season malaria transmission. While the overall population-level impact of seasonal malaria chemoprevention on malaria control has been documented in various
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The prevention of congenital toxoplasmosis using a combination of Spiramycin and Cotrimoxazole: The long-time experience of a tertiary referral centre. Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-06-06 Marco De Santis,Silvio Tartaglia,Massimo Apicella,Daniela Visconti,Giuseppe Noia,Piero Valentini,Antonio Lanzone,Rosaria Santangelo,Lucia Masini
BACKGROUND Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii and is responsible for gestational and congenital infections worldwide. The current standard therapy is based on the administration of Spiramycin to prevent trans-placental transmission. Other therapies are being studied to reduce the rates of foetal transmission and symptomatic congenital infection. OBJECTIVES We report
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A tuberculosis elimination-focused geospatial approach to optimising access to diagnostic GeneXpert machines in Fiji. Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-06-04 George Bates,Philip C Hill,Isireli Koroituku,Donald Wilson,Mun Reddy,Mike Kama
OBJECTIVES Fiji could be the first country to eliminate tuberculosis. To inform this strategy, we aimed to identify how many GeneXpert® machines are required to enable over 90% of Fijians to be within one-hour easy access. METHODS We used Geographic Information System (Quantum GIS; QGIS), OpenStreetMap and population data (Kontur) to map possible facilities in relation to QGIS generated 60-min drive-time
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Rickettsia africae infections in sub‐Saharan Africa: A systematic literature review of epidemiological studies and summary of case reports Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-05-30 Elizabeth Y. Zhang, Prarthana Kalmath, Haley A. Abernathy, Dana A. Giandomenico, Melissa S. Nolan, Michael H. Reiskind, Ross M. Boyce
Rickettsia africae is a tick‐borne bacteria known to cause African tick bite fever (ATBF). While the disease was first described more than 100 years ago, knowledge of transmission risk factors and disease burden remain poorly described. To better understand the burden of R. africae, this article reviewed and summarized the published literature related to ATBF epidemiology and clinical management. Using
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Reasons for mosquito net non‐use in malaria‐endemic countries: A review of qualitative research published between 2011 and 2021 Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-05-26 Hadiza Isa Ladu, Umar Shuaibu, Justin Pulford
Mosquito nets, particularly insecticide‐treated nets, are the most recommended method of malaria control in endemic countries. However, individuals do not always have access to insecticide‐treated nets or use them as recommended. The current paper expands on a previous review published in 2011 which highlighted a need for more qualitative research on the reasons for mosquito net non‐use. We present
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Tuberculosis impacts multiple aspects in quality of life in a Romanian cohort of drug‐susceptible and drug resistant patients: A patient‐reported outcome measures study Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-05-25 Ioana Margineanu, Teodora Butnaru, Marjolein Lam, Dragos Baiceanu, Raluca Dragomir, Adriana Sorete Arbore, Beatrice Mahler, Ioana Munteanu, Florin Mihaltan, Onno Akkerman, Jan‐Willem Alffenaar, Ymkje Stienstra
BackgroundTuberculosis (TB), and especially its drug resistant forms, is responsible for not only significant mortality, but also considerable morbidity, still under‐quantified. This study used four Patient‐Reported Outcome Measures (PROMS) to assess the status of persons affected by drug‐susceptible and drug‐resistant TB during their TB treatment or after treatment completion, in Romania, the highest
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Evaluation of a rapid diagnostic test for detection of Vibrio choleraeO1 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: Preventative intervention for cholera for 7 days (PICHA7 program) Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-05-22 Christine Marie George, Alves Namunesha, Willy Felicien, Kelly Endres, Wensheng Luo, Lucien Bisimwa, Camille Williams, Jean‐Claude Bisimwa, Presence Sanvura, Jamie Perin, Justin Bengehya, Ghislain Maheshe, David A. Sack, Cirhuza Cikomola, Alain Mwishingo
ObjectiveGlobally, there are estimated to be 2.9 million cholera cases annually. Early detection of cholera outbreaks is crucial for resource allocation for case management and for targeted interventions to be delivered to stop the spread of cholera. In resource limited settings such as Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), there is often limited laboratory capacity for analysing stool samples
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Neighbourhood factors and tuberculosis incidence in Cape Town: A negative binomial regression and spatial analysis Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-05-17 M. Molemans, L. Kayaert, Q. Olislagers, S. Abrahams, N. Berkowitz, E. Mohr‐Holland, D. McKelly, R. Wood, F. van Leth, S. Hermans
ObjectivesAlthough the link between poverty and tuberculosis (TB) is widely recognised, limited studies have investigated the association between neighbourhood factors and TB incidence. Since the factors influencing different episodes of TB might be different, this study focused on the first episode of TB disease (first‐episode TB).MethodsAll first episodes in previously linked and geocoded TB notification
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Risk factors for the development of severe or very severe respiratory syncytial virus‐related lower respiratory tract infection in Indian infants: A cohort study in Melghat, India Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Rowena Crow, Ashish Satav, Varsha Potdar, Shilpa Satav, Vibhawari Dani, Eric A. F. Simões
ObjectivesRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is undoubtedly the single most important cause of severe lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) globally. While new prevention measures in young infants have become available, their use in developing countries is likely many years away. While risk factors for severe or very severe RSV LRTI in impoverished rural areas likely differ to urban areas, there
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COVID‐19 vaccination strategies in Africa: A scoping review of the use of mathematical models to inform policy Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 Sylvia K. Ofori, Emmanuelle A. Dankwa, Eve Hiyori Estrada, Xinyi Hua, Teresia N. Kimani, Carrie G. Wade, Caroline O. Buckee, Megan B. Murray, Bethany L. Hedt‐Gauthier
ObjectiveMathematical models are vital tools to understand transmission dynamics and assess the impact of interventions to mitigate COVID‐19. However, historically, their use in Africa has been limited. In this scoping review, we assess how mathematical models were used to study COVID‐19 vaccination to potentially inform pandemic planning and response in Africa.MethodsWe searched six electronic databases:
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Epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in children of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-05-13 Chao Lu, Khurshaid Khan, Fawad Khan, Safeer Ullah Shah, Muhsin Jamal, Noor Badshah
ObjectivesIn Pakistan, cutaneous leishmaniasis is an emerging tropical disease and a very high number (>70%) of children are afflicted by this marring infection. This study aimed to scrutinise the prevalence, spatial distribution and socio‐demographic and behavioural risk factors associated with cutaneous leishmaniasis in children aged <5–15 years in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.MethodsA total of 1, 559 clinically
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Molecular insights into expression and silencing of resistance determinants in Staphylococcus aureus Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Muhammad Ijaz, Muhammad Jawad Sabir, Muhammad Umar Javed, Arslan Ahmed, Hamza Rasheed, Ali Abdullah Jabir
ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the status of antimicrobial‐resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus in Pakistan, their association in terms of co‐occurrence with the biofilm‐forming genes, resistance profiling and associated discrepancies in diagnostic methods.MethodologyA total of 384 milk samples from bovine was collected by using convenient sampling technique and were initially screened
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Evaluation of nutritional status using the minimum dietary diversity for women of reproductive age (MDD‐W) tool in breastfeeding mothers in Madagascar Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Rosita Rotella, José M. Soriano, Isabel Peraita‐Costa, Agustín Llopis‐González, María Morales‐Suarez‐Varela
ObjectivesWomen of reproductive age in low‐income countries are especially nutritionally vulnerable given the strain that pregnancy and lactation places on the body. The aim of this study was to identify dietary diversity and its associated factors among mothers with young children.MethodsIt is a cross‐sectional study conducted in Ampefy, Madagascar from 1 November 2022 to 31 March 2023. Dietary diversity
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Health system inequities in Lao People's Democratic Republic: Evidence from a nationally representative phone survey Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-30 Amit Aryal, Emma Clarke‐Deelder, Souksanh Phommalangsy, Sengchanh Kounnavong, Günther Fink
BackgroundDespite substantial economic growth in Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR) over the past 20 years, high levels of income inequality and poverty persist and have likely been exacerbated by the COVID‐19 pandemic. In this article, we use novel survey data to assess the extent to which socioeconomic status is associated with access to quality care in Lao PDR.MethodsWe utilised data from the
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Geospatial analysis and prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni and soil‐transmitted helminth infections in an endemic area in Eastern Brazilian Amazon Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Marília Antônia Oliveira da Trindade, Álvaro Luan Santana Fonseca, Isabelle Helena Lima Dias, Sergei Rodrigo Magalhães de Sousa, Martin Johannes Enk, Karla Valéria Batista Lima, Ricardo Jose de Paula Souza e Guimarães
ObjectivesThis study evaluated the occurrence of Schistosoma mansoni and soil‐transmitted helminths in an endemic area in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon, analysing prevalence and spatial distribution.MethodsThe study was conducted in four localities of Primavera Municipality, in Pará state. Data was obtained from the Decit 40/2012 project and the participants were divided into five age range categories
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Efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis to preventing brucellosis in accidental exposure: A systematic review Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-22 Sarah Nascimento Silva, Glaucia Cota, Kathiaja Miranda Souza, Marina Gonçalves de Freitas, Janaína de Pina Carvalho, Endi Lanza Galvão
BackgroundAntibiotic prophylaxis to prevent brucellosis after accidental exposure to Brucella is an important topic in public health. This study aimed to systematically review the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis following accidental exposure to Brucella in preventing human brucellosis disease.MethodsThe study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023456812). The outcomes included the incidence
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A case of Crimean‐Congo haemorrhagic fever complicated with portal vein thrombosis and hemophagocytosis Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Özge Çaydaşı, Eyüp Arslan, Esra Adıyeke, Taha Yusuf Kuzan, Fatma Yılmaz Karadağ, Derya Öztürk Engin
ObjectivesCrimean‐Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a zoonotic viral infection which is an important public health problem in Turkey. CCHF causes fever and bleeding and can lead to severe health outcomes. The study aims to report a case of a male patient with severe CCHF, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) treated with steroids and portal vein thrombosis.Case ReportA 37‐year‐old man was admitted
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Traditional healers' perception on scabies causation and management in Ghana Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Jian M. Tehrani, Ingmar A. Vos, Robin Kisabacak, Marten K. Topper, Jonathan Steinhorst, Richard Odame Phillips, Kabiru Mohammed Abass, Samuel Osei‐Mireku, Charles Owusu Anokye, Joseph K. Adu Poku, Ymkje Stienstra, Yaw Ampem Amoako
IntroductionScabies is an underdiagnosed skin infestation caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite. The infection causes severe itching and a skin rash but can be effectively treated using topical or systemic drugs. Scabies outbreaks are commonly reported in resource‐poor countries, including Ghana. Traditional healers play an important role in primary care in rural areas. The role of these traditional
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An intervention to improve lumbar puncture rates for meningitis surveillance in children at four secondary health facilities in Malawi: A before/after analysis Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Madalitso D. Zulu, Harrison Msuku, Christopher C. Stanley, Vincent S. Phiri, Hillary M. Topazian, Jobiba Chinkhumba, Irving F. Hoffman, Jonathan J. Juliano, Don P. Mathanga, Tisungane Mvalo
ObjectivesA lumbar puncture (LP) procedure plays a key role in meningitis diagnosis. In Malawi and other sub‐Saharan African countries, LP completion rates are sometimes poor, making meningitis surveillance challenging. Our objective was to measure LP rates following an intervention to improve these during a sentinel hospital meningitis surveillance exercise in Malawi.MethodsWe conducted a before/after
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Association between habitual betel quid chewing and risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes: A systematic review Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Rodney Itaki, Shalon Taufa
IntroductionHabitual betel quid chewing, a tobacco product, is a leading cause of oral cancer in Asia–Pacific countries where this practice is most prevalent. However, it is not well understood whether betel quid chewing is also a cause of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic literature review of peer‐reviewed published studies evaluating the association between
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Spread and persistence of antimicrobial resistance genes in wastewater from human and animal sources in São Paulo, Brazil Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Milena Dropa, Jéssica Santiago Bispo da Silva, André Furugen César Andrade, Denis Hideki Nakasone, Marcos Paulo Vieira Cunha, Gesiane Ribeiro, Ronalda Silva de Araújo, Carlos Jesus Brandão, Barbara Ghiglione, Nilton Lincopan, Maria Inês Zanoli Sato, Terezinha Knöbl
The spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) through multiple reservoirs is a global concern. Wastewater is a critical AMR dissemination source, so this study aimed to assess the persistence of resistance genetic markers in wastewater using a culture‐independent approach. Raw and treated wastewater samples (n = 121) from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), a human hospital, a veterinary hospital,
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Transfers between health facilities of people living with diabetes attending primary health care services in the Western Cape Province of South Africa: A retrospective cohort study Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Jasantha Odayar, Jody Rusch, Joel A. Dave, Diederick J. Van Der Westhuizen, Elton Mukonda, Maia Lesosky, Landon Myer
Transfers between health facilities of people living with HIV attending primary health care (PHC) including hospital to PHC facility, PHC facility to hospital and PHC facility to PHC facility transfers occur frequently, affect health service planning, and are associated with disengagement from care and viraemia. Data on transfers among people living with diabetes attending PHC, particularly transfers
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Inspiratory muscle endurance is similarly reduced in the early and late stages of chronic Chagas heart disease Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Clara Pinto Diniz, Mauro Felippe Felix Mediano, Luiz Fernando Rodrigues Junior, Fernanda de Souza Nogueira Sardinha Mendes, Roberto Magalhães Saraiva, Henrique Horta Veloso, Andréa Rodrigues da Costa, Alejandro Marcel Hasslocher‐Moreno, Audrey Borghi‐Silva, Andréa Silvestre de Sousa, Flavia Mazzoli‐Rocha
ObjectiveInspiratory muscle strength (IMS) appears to be reduced in subjects with chronic Chagas heart disease (CHD), especially in the presence of heart failure (HF). However, only one study about IMS and inspiratory muscle endurance (IME) in those with CHD without heart failure is available. This study aimed to compare IMS and IME in subjects with CHD in the presence and absence of HF.MethodsThis
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Pesticide exposure and risk of cholangiocarcinoma: A hospital‐based matched case–control study Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Ake Pugkhem, Supot Kamsa‐ard, Siriporn Kamsa‐ard, Vor Luvira, Varisara Luvira, Vajarabhongsa Bhudhisawasdi
BackgroundCholangiocarcinoma (CCA) caused by Opisthorchis viverrini is a well‐known and significant public health issue in northeastern Thailand; however, a link between pesticide exposure (PE) and CCA risk has not yet been established. Therefore, our research objective was to investigate the relationship between PE and CCA risk.MethodsA hospital‐based matched case–control study was carried out. All
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The epidemiological profile of incidence and mortality from epidemics in complex humanitarian emergencies from 1990 to 2022 – A scoping review Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Pedro Arcos González, Julián Cabria Fernández, Rick Kye Gan, Ángel Fernández Camporro, José Antonio Cernuda Martínez
AimThis study aimed to investigate the impact of communicable diseases with epidemic potential in complex emergency (CE) situations, focusing on the epidemiological profile of incidence and mortality and exploring underlying factors contributing to increased epidemic risks.MethodsUsing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses for Scoping Review (PRISMA‐ScR) guidelines
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Prevalence and risk factors for Q fever, spotted fever group rickettsioses, and typhus group rickettsioses in a pastoralist community of northern Tanzania, 2016–2017 Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Ganga S. Moorthy, Matthew P. Rubach, Michael J. Maze, Regina P. Refuerzo, Gabriel M. Shirima, AbdulHamid S. Lukambagire, Rebecca F. Bodenham, Shama Cash‐Goldwasser, Kate M. Thomas, Philoteus Sakasaka, Nestory Mkenda, Thomas R. Bowhay, Jamie L. Perniciaro, William L. Nicholson, Gilbert J. Kersh, Rudovick R. Kazwala, Blandina T. Mmbaga, Joram J. Buza, Venance P. Maro, Daniel T. Haydon, John A. Crump
BackgroundIn northern Tanzania, Q fever, spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsioses, and typhus group (TG) rickettsioses are common causes of febrile illness. We sought to describe the prevalence and risk factors for these zoonoses in a pastoralist community.MethodsFebrile patients ≥2 years old presenting to Endulen Hospital in the Ngorongoro Conservation Area were enrolled from August 2016 through October
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Characteristics, predictors and consequences of tuberculosis treatment interruption: A multicentre retrospective cohort study Trop. Med. Int. Health (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Ai Ling Oh, Mohd Makmor‐Bakry, Farida Islahudin, Chuo Yew Ting, Swee Kim Chan, Siew Teck Tie
ObjectivesTreatment interruption is associated with poor tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes and increased drug resistance. To address the issue, we aimed to investigate the characteristics, predictors and consequences of treatment interruption.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study by retrieving 4 years (2018–2021) of TB patients' records at 10 public health clinics in Sarawak, Malaysia