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Exploring gaps, opportunities, barriers and enablers in malnutrition policy through key informant interviews: a qualitative inquiry from the CANDReaM initiative BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Katherine L Ford, Roseann Nasser, Carlota Basualdo-Hammond, Celia Laur, Maira Quintanilha, Heather Keller, Leah Gramlich
Objectives Disease-related malnutrition (DRM) presents in up to half of adults and one-third of children admitted to Canadian hospitals and significantly impacts health outcomes. Strategies to screen, diagnose and treat DRM exist but policy to facilitate implementation and sustainability are lacking. The purpose of this study was to explore gaps, opportunities, barriers and enablers for DRM policy
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Effects of vitamin D supplementation on the glycaemic indices, lipid profile and liver function tests in patients with cirrhosis: a double-blind randomised controlled trial BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-08-30 Seyedeh Roghayeh Derogar Kasmaei, Karim Parastouei, Behnam Hosseini Ahangar, Mehdi Saberifiroozi, Maryam Taghdir
Background Liver cirrhosis is considered a progressive disease that can eventually result in death. Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in patients with cirrhosis. Few studies have been conducted on the effect of vitamin D supplementation in patients with cirrhosis. Objectives The aim of this study was to identify the effect of vitamin D supplementation on lipid profile, glycaemic indices and liver function
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Nutrition Users’ Guides: RCTs Part 2 – structured guide for interpreting and applying study results from randomised controlled trials on therapy or prevention questions BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-08-29 Malgorzata M Bala, Arnav Agarwal, Kevin C Klatt, Robin W M Vernooij, Pablo Alonso-Coello, Jeremy P Steen, Gordon H Guyatt, Tiffany Duque, Bradley C Johnston
This article continues from a prior commentary on evaluating the risk of bias in randomised controlled trials addressing nutritional interventions. Having provided a synopsis of the risk of bias issues, we now address how to understand trial results, including the interpretation of best estimates of effect and the corresponding precision (eg, 95% CIs), as well as the applicability of the evidence to
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Nutrition users’ guides: RCTs part 1 – structured guide for assessing risk of bias in randomised controlled trials that address therapy or prevention questions BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-08-28 Arnav Agarwal, Malgorzata M Bala, Dena Zeraatkar, Claudia Valli, Pablo Alonso-Coello, Nirjhar R Ghosh, Mi Ah Han, Gordon H Guyatt, Kevin C Klatt, Geoff D C Ball, Bradley C Johnston
The purpose of this article, part 1 of 2 on randomised controlled trials (RCTs), is to provide readers (eg, clinicians, patients, health service and policy decision-makers) of the nutrition literature structured guidance on interpreting RCTs. Evaluation of a given RCT involves several considerations, including the potential for risk of bias, the assessment of estimates of effect and their corresponding
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Nutrition users’ guides: systematic reviews part 1 –structured guide for methodological assessment, interpretation and application of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of non-randomised nutritional epidemiology studies BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-08-28 Dena Zeraatkar, Russell J de Souza, Gordon H Guyatt, Malgorzata M Bala, Pablo Alonso-Coello, Bradley C Johnston
Due to the challenges of conducting randomised controlled trials (randomised trials) of dietary interventions, evidence in nutrition often comes from non-randomised (observational) studies of nutritional exposures—called nutritional epidemiology studies. When using systematic reviews of such studies to advise patients or populations on optimal dietary habits, users of the evidence (eg, healthcare professionals
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COVID-19’s impact on food environment in the Indian states of Telangana, Maharashtra, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu and Punjab: a descriptive qualitative study to build further research in India’s food environment resilience building BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-08-17 Jørgen Torgerstuen Johnsen, Marjorie Rafaela Lima do Vale, Rekha Bhangaonkar, Wanja Nyaga, Sally Ayyad, Sumantra Ray
Background and aim Globally, COVID-19 has had a profound impact on food and nutrition security. This paper aims to gather the perspective from Transforming India’s Green Revolution by Research and Empowerment for Sustainable food Supplies (TIGR2ESS) Flagship Project 6 (FP-6) team on the impact of COVID-19 on the food systems in India. The responses collected will be used for further research projects
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Effects of vitamin D and L-cysteine cosupplementation on circulating bioavailable and total 25-hydroxy-vitamin D, the free/total testosterone ratio and inflammatory biomarkers in healthy vitamin D-deficient African Americans: a placebo-controlled double-blind clinical trial BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-08-07 Sushil K Jain, Jeffrey Justin Margret, Alonzo Zachary, Marissa M Lally, John A Vanchiere, Maroun J Mhanna, Runhua Shi, Steven N Levine
Background Subjects with metabolic syndrome and obesity have higher levels of inflammation with depression of the vitamin D (VD) hydroxylase/metabolising genes ( CYP2R1/CYP27A1/CYP27B1/VDR ) required to convert VD consumed in the diet into 25(OH)VD. Compared with total 25(OH)VD levels, measurement of bioavailable 25(OH)VD is a better method to determine the beneficial effect of VD. Objective This study
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Promotion of Physical Activity by Health Professionals (PROMOTE-PA): protocol for effectiveness outcomes in a hybrid type I effectiveness-implementation cluster randomised controlled trial BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-08-06 Jennifer Naomi Baldwin, Kate Purcell, Leanne Hassett, Anne Tiedemann, Marina Pinheiro, Roslyn Savage, Belinda Wang, Abby Haynes, Kerry West, Michael Noetel, Bethan Richards, Matthew Jennings, Sandeep Gupta, Ben J Smith, Daniel Treacy, Mark Halliday, Lisa A Harvey, Philayrath Phongsavan, Kris Rogers, Kirsten Howard, Adrian Bauman, Phil Hamdorf, Ayden Shaw, Jeff Walkley, Genevieve Dwyer, Chris Lonsdale
Promotion of physical activity by health professionals can increase physical activity participation among patients, however, implementing physical activity promotion within hospital systems is lacking. The Promotion of Physical Activity by Health Professionals (PROMOTE-PA) study is a hybrid type I effectiveness-implementation cluster randomised controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of support
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Primary care providers’ perspectives on referrals to the Diabetes Prevention Programme: a qualitative comparative study across varied referral patterns BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-08-03 Cara Stephenson-Hunter, Christopher J Gonzalez, Stacey Franco, Maryam Hashmi, Ochuwa Tisor, Cristina M Gonzalez
Introduction Despite the effectiveness of Diabetes Prevention Programmes (DPP) in reducing diabetes risk, primary care provider (PCP) referrals remain low, especially among men and racial/ethnic minorities, exacerbating their under-representation in DPPs. Understanding PCPs’ perspectives on referrals is crucial for enhancing the intervention’s reach and effectiveness. Research design and methods We
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Dietary variety score and risk of metabolic syndrome incidence: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-08-03 Firoozeh Hosseini-Esfahani, Glareh Koochakpoor, Parvin Mirmiran, Somayeh Hosseinpour-Niazi, Fereidoun Azizi
Purpose There are contradictions in the association between dietary variety and metabolic syndrome (MetS). The concept of dietary variety should be merged with other dietary recommendations including diet quality and proportion. We aimed to investigate the association of the healthy food diversity index with MetS and its components in Iranian adults. Design/methodology/approach In this prospective
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Dietary patterns in the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) study: comparisons across methodologies BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-07-31 Jeannette M Beasley, Bridget Murphy Hussain, Meghana D Gadgil, Sameera A Talegawkar, Niyati Parekh, Shilpa N Bhupathiraju, Nadia S Islam, Alka M Kanaya
Dietary patterns are defined as the quantities, proportions, variety or combinations of different foods, drinks and nutrients in diets, and the frequency with which they are habitually consumed, allowing for the characterisation of the overall composition and quality of the eating behaviours of a population.1 Dietary patterns can be derived based on data-driven (eg, principal component analysis), score-based
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Promoting breastfeeding in Singapore—a case study BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-07-05 Yu Qi Lee, Charissa Lim, Chee Yeong Chng, Chua Mei Chien, Mary Chong Foong Fong
The health and economic benefits of breastfeeding for mothers, infants and the broader community are well established; however, breastfeeding rates remain suboptimal in Singapore. This commentary reviews the journey Singapore, a high-income and well-resourced country, has taken over the past two decades to promote breastfeeding. We discuss where we are currently at, the measures implemented to achieve
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Development of a questionnaire for assessing the impact of children’s food marketing exposure on diet-related outcomes BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Nongnuch Jindarattanaporn, Bridget Kelly, Sureeporn Punpuing, Sirinya Phulkerd
Introduction The Government of Thailand has drafted legislation to protect children from the harmful impact of unhealthy food (including beverages) marketing. Local evidence on Thai children’s exposure to, and the impact of, this marketing is necessary to, first, support the adoption of this Law and, second, to contribute to assessing policy implementation and effectiveness. This study aimed to develop
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Finding the place for nutrition in healthcare education and practice BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Ebiambu Agwara, Kathy Martyn, Elaine Macaninch, Wanja Nyaga, Luke Buckner, Breanna Lepre, Celia Laur, Sumantra Ray
Background Malnutrition continues to impact healthcare outcomes, quality of life and costs to healthcare systems. The implementation of nutrition care in healthcare practice may improve health outcomes for patients and the community. This paper describes the iterative development and implementation of nutrition medical education resources for doctors and healthcare professionals in England. These resources
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Adaptation and validation of the EPIC-Norfolk food frequency questionnaire for assessing dietary intake in Ukrainian adults BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Sofiia Shatylo, Galyna Solovyova
Introduction Currently, there are no validated food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) for evaluating nutrient intake in Ukrainian adults. This study aimed to adapt and validate the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer Food Frequency Questionnaire (EPIC-Norfolk FFQ) for this population group. Methods Adults aged 18–54 years (n=90) living in different regions of Ukraine completed the new Ukrainian
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Food availability, perceived food environment and social norm perceptions of healthy and vegetarian food consumption at a public music festival in the Netherlands: a cross-sectional study BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Tamika M Wopereis, Emely de Vet, Frédérique C Rongen, Maartje P Poelman
Objective To gain insight into the food availability, the perceived food environment, and social norm perceptions in favour of healthy and vegetarian food consumption at a festival. Design Two cross-sectional substudies were conducted to audit food and beverages at the festival, and to measure visitors’ perceptions of the festival food environment (accessibility, affordability, availability, diversity
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Geographical altitude and stunting among children aged under 5 years in India BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Santosh Bhagwanrao Phad, Laeek Ahemad Siddiqui, Kacho Amir Khan, Ratnesh Sinha, Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman
Introduction Previous studies have found positive associations between higher geographical altitude and increased risk of stunting in children under 5 years old, but little evidence exists on this relationship in the Indian context specifically. Chronic exposure to high altitudes can impair food security, healthcare access, oxygen delivery and nutrient absorption, potentially increasing malnutrition
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Reimagining nutrition education for pregnant adolescents in the face of climate change: a community approach BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Fleur de Meijer, Mary Kimanthi, Susan Cheruiyot, Alex Makau Muia, Donnah Goga, Soulthy Azamkhan Mohamed, Cecilia Njoga, Catherine Gathu, Felix Agoi, Nelson Nyamu, Jacob Shabani
Objectives To explore challenges with current nutrition education for teenage pregnant women in a drought-prone community in Kenya and to elicit the communities’ suggestions on how to best adapt it in the face of climate change. Design Nine serial focus group discussions (four with adolescents, two with their parents, two with community health volunteers and one with healthcare workers) were conducted
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Food environment and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Elisa Pineda, Jemima Stockton, Shaun Scholes, Camille Lassale, Jennifer S Mindell
Background Obesity is influenced by a complex, multifaceted system of determinants, including the food environment. Governments need evidence to act on improving the food environment. The aim of this study was to review the evidence from spatial environmental analyses and to conduct the first series of meta-analyses to assess the impact of the retail food environment on obesity. Methods We performed
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Relationships between sodium, fats and carbohydrates on blood pressure, cholesterol and HbA1c: an umbrella review of systematic reviews BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Penny Breeze, Katie Sworn, Ellen McGrane, Sarah Abraham, Anna Cantrell
Background The relationship between nutrition and health is complex and the evidence to describe it broad and diffuse. This review brings together evidence for the effect of nutrients on cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods An umbrella review identified systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials and meta-analyses estimating the effects of fats, carbohydrates and sodium on blood pressure, cholesterol
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Effectiveness of video-assisted teaching on prevention of constipation among postpartum women admitted in postnatal ward at a tertiary care hospital: a randomised controlled trial BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Tamil Selvi C, Kumari M J, Vahitha S, Kubera N S
Background The postpartum period is a vital phase for a mother as she undergoes a role transition in her life, in addition to physiological changes. Among all discomforts experienced during this period, constipation is more common and it can cause lifelong complications such as haemorrhoids, rectal prolapse and anal fissures if left untreated. Adequate care, education and compliance with proper postpartum
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Evaluation of a 4-week interdisciplinary primary care cardiovascular health programme: impact on knowledge, Mediterranean Diet adherence and biomarkers BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Lydia Tegwyn Mosher, Cindy Bizerra, Katelyn Davies, Jamie A Seabrook, Justine Keathley
Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the second-leading cause of death among Canadians. Clinical practice guidelines suggest that improvements to lifestyle, including dietary intake, can reduce the risk of CVD. Objectives The primary aim of the study was to evaluate patient changes in adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (Medi-Diet) from baseline to 4-week and 6-month follow-up after participating
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Apple cider vinegar for weight management in Lebanese adolescents and young adults with overweight and obesity: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Rony Abou-Khalil, Jeanne Andary, Elissar El-Hayek
Background and aims Obesity and overweight have become significant health concerns worldwide, leading to an increased interest in finding natural remedies for weight reduction. One such remedy that has gained popularity is apple cider vinegar (ACV). Objective To investigate the effects of ACV consumption on weight, blood glucose, triglyceride and cholesterol levels in a sample of the Lebanese population
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Nutrition counsellors’ recommended eating patterns for individuals with type 2 diabetes in the USA BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Katherine Khosrovaneh, Rina Hisamatsu, Jacob Reiss, Jacqueline Rau, Lauren Oshman, Heidi L Diez, Joyce M Lee, James E Aikens, Caroline Richardson, Dina H Griauzde
Introduction Multiple eating patterns can promote glycaemic control and weight loss among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Clinical practice guidelines for T2D management encourage health professionals to guide patients’ selection of a patient-centred eating pattern. This study aims to characterise beliefs about and recommendations for and against practice guideline-concordant eating patterns
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Prescribing practices in the treatment of wasting: secondary analysis from a randomised trial BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Susan M Rattigan, Kyra H Grantz, Kerstin Hanson, Celine Langendorf, Fatou Berthé, Rebecca Grais, Sheila Isanaka
Introduction Current guidelines for the outpatient treatment of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) recommend the provision of routine medications to all children at admission and prescribed medications as clinically indicated thereafter. The objective of this study was to describe the amount and purpose of medications prescribed during outpatient SAM treatment and explore the effect of routine antibiotics
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Meaning of nutrition for cancer survivors: a photovoice study BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Niamh O’Callaghan, Pauline Douglas, Laura Keaver
Background Little is known about how cancer survivors perceive nutrition through the cancer experience and how those perceptions may influence their diet. Aims This study aimed to capture the meaning of nutrition for cancer survivors who are post-cancer treatment using a participatory photography method known as photovoice. Methods Wang and Burris’s photovoice procedure was followed. Recruitment took
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Relationship between consumption of high fat, sugar or sodium (HFSS) food and obesity and non-communicable diseases BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Sasinee Thapsuwan, Sirinya Phulkerd, Aphichat Chamratrithirong, Rossarin Soottipong Gray, Nongnuch Jindarattanaporn, Nutnicha Loyfah, Natjera Thongcharoenchupong, Umaporn Pattaravanich
The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between high in fat, sugar or salt consumption, obesity and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the population in Thailand, and other associated factors. This study used data from participants age 15 years or older from the 2021 Health Behaviour of Population Survey. The final analytical sample included 74 894 respondents with complete
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Should we prioritise children 6–23 months of age for vitamin A supplementation? Case study of West and Central Africa BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Arnaud Laillou, Simeon Nanama, Alemayehu Hussen, John Ntambi, Kaleab Baye
Background Vitamin A (VA) supplementation has been associated with reductions of all-cause child mortality. Child mortality amenable to VA, particularly related to infectious diseases, may be age dependent; hence, the beneficial effect of VA supplementation may differ between younger and older children. We aimed to estimate the all-cause child mortality disaggregated by younger and older than 2 years
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Establishing consensus on nutrition competencies for medicine: a Delphi study BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Breanna Lepre, Kylie J Mansfield, Sumantra Ray, Eleanor J Beck
Background Significant research, regulatory bodies and even governmental resolutions have identified meaningful nutrition education for medical and other healthcare professionals as a priority. Doctors are well placed to provide nutrition care, yet nutrition education in medicine remains inadequate regardless of country, setting, or year of training. There remains a need to establish an accepted benchmark
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MyFitnessPal smartphone application: relative validity and intercoder reliability among dietitians in assessing energy and macronutrient intakes of selected Filipino adults with obesity BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Mary Grace Banal, Demetria Bongga, Jose Maria Angbengco, Sophia Amarra, Leonora Panlasigui
This study aimed to explore the validity of energy and macronutrient intake estimates provided by a popular nutrition tracking smartphone application. 37 obese Filipino adults and 3 nutritionist–dietitians participated in this study. Participants used MyFitnessPal to log their food intake for 5 days. They also completed paper-based food record forms at the same time. Dietitians then referred to each
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Change in eating habits after 2 years of pandemic restrictions among adolescents living in a city in northern Italy: results of the COALESCENT Observational Study (Change amOng ItAlian adoLESCENTs) BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Barbara Zanini, Loredana Covolo, Silvia Marconi, Monica Marullo, Gaia Claudia Viviana Viola, Umberto Gelatti, Roberto Maroldi, Nicola Latronico, Maurizio Castellano
Background Lockdown measures during the recent pandemic, due to the novel COVID-19, affected several other aspects of lifestyle, but little is known about their long-term impact, especially among adolescents. Our study aimed to assess the long-term consequences of changes in diet, exercise and screen activity levels, sleep quality, smoke, smartphone addiction and emotional distress among a sample of
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Dietary fibre intake and its association with ultraprocessed food consumption in the general population of Switzerland: analysis of a population-based, cross-sectional national nutrition survey BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Katja A Schönenberger, Valentina V Huwiler, Emilie Reber, Stefan Mühlebach, Zeno Stanga, Giulia Pestoni, David Faeh
Objectives The objective of this study was to describe the compliance to dietary fibre recommendations of the Swiss population and to investigate the association between dietary fibre intake and ultraprocessed food (UPF) consumption. Methods Data were obtained from the cross-sectional Swiss National Nutrition Survey menuCH . We summarised the sociodemographic, lifestyle and anthropometric parameters
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Are children with disabilities more likely to be malnourished than children without disabilities? Evidence from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys in 30 countries BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Sara Rotenberg, Shanquan Chen, Xanthe Hunt, Tracey Smythe, Hannah Kuper
Introduction A key Sustainable Development Goal target is to eliminate all forms of malnutrition. Existing evidence suggests children with disabilities are at greater risks of malnutrition, exclusion from nutrition programmes and mortality from severe acute malnutrition than children without disabilities. However, there is limited evidence on the nutritional outcomes of children with disabilities in
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Adjunct role of potassium-rich vegetarian diet and a novel potassium food supplement to improve pain in chronic rheumatoid arthritis on supervised standard care: a randomised controlled study BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Toktam Kianifard, Manjit Saluja, Sanjeev Sarmukaddam, Anuradha Venugopalan, Arvind Chopra
Introduction An earlier food survey showed dietary potassium deficiency in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Objective To evaluate an adjunct role of oral potassium to reduce joint pain in RA. Methods 172 consenting eligible symptomatic patients (median duration 6.5 years) on standard care were randomised into an assessor blind, parallel efficacy, controlled, prospective, multiarm single-centre study (80%
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Vegetarian and plant-based diets associated with lower incidence of COVID-19 BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Júlio César Acosta-Navarro, Laís Ferreira Dias, Luiza Antoniazzi Gomes de Gouveia, Emerson Pinheiro Ferreira, Marcos Vinnícius Pires Fernandes de Oliveira, Flávia Andréia Marin, José Valter Costa Oliveira, Andressa Candida da Silva, Isabella Louise Silva, Fabiane de Oliveira Freitas, Paulo Rogerio Soares
Objective To evaluate the influence of dietary patterns on the incidence and evolution of COVID-19. We hypothesised that a plant-based diet or a vegetarian diet compared with an omnivorous diet might be associated with a lower incidence of COVID-19 infection and severity in those infected. Design In this observational study, 702 participants provided information on sociodemographic characteristics
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Lifestyle predictors of colorectal cancer in European populations: a systematic review BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Elly Mertens, Maria Keuchkarian, Maria Salve Vasquez, Stefanie Vandevijvere, José L Peñalvo
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most prevalent cancer in Europe, with one-fifth of cases attributable to unhealthy lifestyles. Risk prediction models for quantifying CRC risk and identifying high-risk groups have been developed or validated across European populations, some considering lifestyle as a predictor. Purpose To identify lifestyle predictors considered in existing risk prediction
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Obesity Prevention in Early Life (OPEL) study: linking longitudinal data to capture obesity risk in the first 1000 days BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Erika R Cheng, Sami Gharbi, Tammie L Nelson, Sarah E Wiehe
To develop robust prediction models for infant obesity risk, we need data spanning multiple levels of influence, including child clinical health outcomes (eg, height and weight), information about maternal pregnancy history, detailed sociodemographic information of parents and community-level factors. Few data sources contain all of this information. This manuscript describes the creation of the Obesity
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Reducing overweight and obesity; so how are we doing? BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 David Unwin
Despite decades of research and huge amounts of money spent, we are still losing ground in what is a true pandemic. The situation is particularly bad in North America where 61.9% of adults are overweight. This leads to the grim situation where only 6.8% of Americans enjoy optimal cardiometabolic health. 1 From 1986 until 2012 my clinical experience in tackling obesity was similarly disappointing. I
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Preterm nutrition and brain development BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-19 Chiara Nava, Enrica Lupo, Gianluca Lista
Premature birth puts infants at risk for long-term outcomes, particularly neurodevelopmental impairment. The preterm brain is in a period of extreme vulnerability and fundamental development during hospitalisation in the neonatal intensive care unit. Complications of prematurity cause both direct injury to the preterm brain (e.g., white matter lesions, intraventricular haemorrhage) and altered qualitative
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Nutrition strategies to prevent short-term adverse outcomes in preterm neonates BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-22 Samantha Rodriguez, Diomel de la Cruz, Josef Neu
With preterm neonates surviving earlier gestational ages, comorbidities such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, retinopathy of prematurity, delayed neuronal development, intestinal injury, osteopenia, and parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease have become more common. This has been a topic of much deliberation and research to identify mitigation strategies. We explore nutrition approaches and risk
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Genotype-informed nutrition counselling in clinical practice BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Martin Kohlmeier, Emmanuel Baah, Matthew Washko, Kelly Adams
Many patients do not achieve the desired response to nutrition interventions because they absorb, metabolise, excrete or regulate food constituents and derived molecules differently than others.1 2 The field of research and practice that investigates individual dispositions and seeks to predict likely responses to nutritional interventions is currently called precision nutrition.3 In a growing number
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Do treats facilitate the interpretation of findings on caloric restriction? BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Christiaan Albert Johan Oudmaijer, Robert A Pol, Robert C Minnee, Wilbert Vermeij, Jan N M Ijzermans
Introduction Food can build social bonds and enhance interpersonal relationships. An area of research perhaps at odds with food abundance, is caloric restriction (CR), intermittent fasting (IF) or short-term fasting (STF). We aimed to study the impact of offering treats on the audience during presentations on IF and STF and whether this impacted the audience’s reception of the subject. The contradiction
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Gender differences in weight gain during attempted and successful smoking cessation on dulaglutide treatment: a predefined secondary analysis of a randomised trial BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Fabienne Baur, Cihan Atila, Sophia Lengsfeld, Thilo Burkard, Andrea Meienberg, Cemile Bathelt, Mirjam Christ-Crain, Bettina Winzeler
Background Women seem to have more difficulty quitting smoking than men. This is particularly concerning as smoking puts women at a higher risk of developing smoking-associated diseases. Greater concerns about postcessation weight gain in women have been postulated as a possible explanation. Methods Predefined secondary analysis of a placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group, superiority randomised
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Mediterranean diet adherence and nutritional literacy: an observational cross-sectional study of the reality of university students in a COVID-19 pandemic context BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Filipa Abreu, Ana Hernando, Luís Filipe Goulão, Alexandra Marques Pinto, Amélia Branco, Ana Cerqueira, Cecília Galvão, Fábio Botelho Guedes, Maria Rosário Bronze, Wanda Viegas, Margarida Gaspar Matos, Joana Sousa
Aim To evaluate the adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and the level of nutritional literacy (NL) among university students from different academic fields of study, within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A total of 1114 first-year undergraduate students at the University of Lisbon, Portugal, were included in this study. A self-administered online questionnaire was applied that included
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Effect of mobile-assisted education on health promoting lifestyle and blood sugar of women with gestational diabetes: a randomised controlled trial BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Maryam Maleki, Parvaneh Mousavi, Parvin Abedi, Dariush Rokhafrooz, Elham Maraghi
Background The gestational diabetes causes complications for the mother and the baby. Methods It was a randomised controlled trial that was conducted in Public Health Center No 1 in Baghmalek, Khuzestan province, Iran. Seventy-six women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were recruited and randomly allocated into an intervention (n=38) and a control group (n=38). A mobile app was developed, and
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Trends in the prevalence and social determinants of stunting in India, 2005–2021: findings from three rounds of the National Family Health Survey BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Nirmala Rao, Manya Bala, Namita Ranganathan, Utkarsh Anand, Sunaina Dhingra, Janaina Calu Costa, Ann M Weber
Objectives To assess social determinants of stunting and the shifts in contributions of socio-demographic factors to national prevalence trends in India between 2005 and 2021. Methods We leveraged data from three rounds of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3: 2005–2006, NFHS-4: 2015–2016, NFHS-5: 2019–2021) for 443 038 children under 5 years. Adjusted logistic regression models and a Kitigawa-Oaxaca-Blinder
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Vital role for primary healthcare providers: urgent need to educate the community about daily nutritional self-care to support immune function and maintain health BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Philip C Calder, Anna Bach-Faig, Teresa Bevacqua, Chrystopherson Gengyny Caballero Lopez, Zheng-Yu Chen, Daragh Connolly, Wan Lee Koay, Simin N Meydani, Ari-Sentug Pinar, Durval Ribas-Filho, Adeline Pierre
The importance of self-care to improve health and social well-being is well recognised. Nevertheless, there remains a need to encourage people to better understand how their body works, and how to keep it healthy. Because of its important role, part of this understanding should be based on why the immune system must be supported. This highly complex system is essential for defending against pathogens
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Age at menarche, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease complications in US women aged under 65 years: NHANES 1999–2018 BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Maria P Santos, Yaling Li, Lydia A Bazzano, Jiang He, Kathryn M Rexrode, Sylvia H Ley
Background Diabetes and diabetes complications are on the rise in US adults aged <65 years, while onset of menarche at a younger age is also increasing. We examined the associations of age at menarche with type 2 diabetes among women aged <65 years and with cardiovascular disease (CVD) complications among women with diabetes. Methods Using the nationally representative cross-sectional National Health
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Improving nutritional status of children using artificial intelligence-based mobile application postsurgery: randomised controlled trial BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Maryam Zahid, Ume Sughra, Sehrish Mumtaz, Mawara Hassan
Background Malnutrition is a common problem in children postsurgery especially in low-middle-income countries. Health-based mobile apps play an important role for better nutritional status. Methods This is a two-arm randomised controlled trial, which was conducted at a tertiary care hospital, Rawalpindi. The study duration was 6 months from February 2021 to July 2021. The sample size with power of
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Treatment of overweight and obesity in general practice: a cluster randomised trial BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Morten Dag Nilsen, Ibrahimu Mdala, Erik L Werner
Overweight and obesity are among the most serious health problems of our time. A majority of patients with overweight and obesity will first get in touch with health services through primary care. This makes it crucial to develop strategies to enable physicians in primary care to help and treat patients with overweight and obesity. The physicians tend to avoid this subject. The main reason is reported
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Relationship between individual-level social capital and non-communicable diseases among adults in Honiara, Solomon Islands BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Chihiro Tsuchiya, Frida Pitakaka, Julia Daefoni, Takuro Furusawa
Objective Solomon Islands is experiencing a change in disease burden, from communicable to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Urgent action is necessary to reduce the risk of high economic and personal costs associated with NCDs. Social capital refers to the trust, norms and networks that provide social benefits and it is related to health. Despite the strong social bonds among Solomon Islanders, research
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Interaction of common variants of FTO gene and Dietary Inflammatory Index on obesity measures: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Negin Haji-Hosseini-Gazestani, Firoozeh Hosseini-Esfahani, Asal Ataie-Jafari, Golnoosh Goodarzi, Maryam S Daneshpour, Parvin Mirmiran, Fereidoun Azizi
Background This study aimed to examine the interaction of Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on change in obesity measures. Methods A total of 4480 participants from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study were selected. DII was calculated using a Food Frequency Questionnaire. The FTO SNPs rs8050136, rs14211085 and rs1121980
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Pilot study to test the safety, tolerability and feasibility of dulaglutide during a low-energy diet for weight loss and improved glycaemic control BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 James Allan Douglas Shand, Simon Young, Francois Verster, Carl Peters
Introduction Diabetes and obesity are significant public health concerns. Previous studies have demonstrated that low energy diets are effective in promoting weight loss and inducing diabetes remission. However, hunger is a potential barrier to adherence for such diets. Dulaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide receptor agonist used in diabetes treatment. Its use is associated with weight loss, partly
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Clinical characteristics and outcomes of an exogenous thyrotoxicosis epidemic in prison BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Chidchanok Pattarawongpaiboon, Nattachai Srisawat, Kriang Tungsanga, Ratapum Champunot, Jukrin Somboonjun, Panudda Srichomkwun
Introduction An outbreak of exogenous thyrotoxicosis is an uncommon cause of thyrotoxicosis. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and outcomes of exogenous thyrotoxicosis and electrolyte imbalance in a prison during an outbreak of exogenous thyrotoxicosis in the Phitsanulok, Thailand prison. Methods This study collected cross-sectional data during an outbreak of thyrotoxicosis among
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Association between dietary Intake, eating behavior, and childhood obesity among children and adolescents in Ethiopia BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Sibhatu Biadgilign, Tennyson Mgutshini, Bereket Gebremichael, Lioul Berhanu, Courtney Cook, Amare Deribew, Betemariam Gebre, Peter Memiah
Introduction The upsurge of overweight/obesity (OW/OB) among children and adolescents is as a result of complex interactions between lifestyle behaviours and socioeconomic factors. The objective of this study was to determine socioeconomic and sociodemographic factors, dietary intake and eating behaviours of children and adolescents in Ethiopia and their association with OW/OB. Methods A cross-sectional
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Estimated impact of the UK soft drinks industry levy on childhood hospital admissions for carious tooth extractions: interrupted time series analysis BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Nina Trivedy Rogers, David I Conway, Oliver Mytton, Chrissy H Roberts, Harry Rutter, Andrea Sherriff, Martin White, Jean Adams
Introduction Tooth extraction due to dental caries is associated with socioeconomic deprivation and is a major reason for elective childhood hospital admissions in England. Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages is a risk factor for dental caries. We examined whether the soft drinks industry levy (SDIL), announced in March 2016 and implemented in April 2018, was associated with changes in incidence
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Effects of behavioural change communication (BCC) on menstrual hygiene practices among urban school adolescent girls: a pilot study BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Farzana Saleh, Kazi Rumana Ahmed, Taslima Khatun, Nandini Roy, Sadia Uddin, Md Rowshan Kabir
Background Research on menstrual hygiene management practices (MHMP) has yet to be conducted among adolescent girls in Bangladesh who have gained services from the Urban Primary Health Care Project (UPHCP). This study aimed to assess the effects of behavioural change communication activities on MHMP among urban school adolescent girls. Methods A convenience sample of 270 adolescent girls (aged 10–19)
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Physiotherapy-led telehealth and exercise intervention to improve mobility in older people receiving aged care services (TOP UP): protocol for a randomised controlled type 1 hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Rik Dawson, Marina Pinheiro, Vasikaran Nagathan, Morag Taylor, Kim Delbaere, Juliana Olivera, Abby Haynes, Jenny Rayner, Leanne Hassett, Catherine Sherrington
Introduction Deteriorating mobility and falls reduce independence and quality of life for older people receiving aged care services. This trial aims to establish effectiveness on the mobility of older people, and explore cost-effectiveness and implementation of a telehealth physiotherapy programme. Method and analysis This type 1 hybrid effectiveness-implementation randomised controlled trial will
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Maternal prenatal, with or without postpartum, vitamin D3 supplementation does not improve maternal iron status at delivery or infant iron status at 6 months of age: secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Karen M O'Callaghan, Huma Qamar, Alison D Gernand, AK Onoyovwi, Stanley Zlotkin, Abdullah A Mahmud, Tahmeed Ahmed, Farhana K Keya, Daniel E Roth
Background Vitamin D may modify iron status through regulation of hepcidin and inflammatory pathways. This study aimed to investigate effects of maternal vitamin D supplementation on iron status in pregnancy and early infancy. Methods In a trial in Dhaka, Bangladesh, women (n=1300) were randomised to one of five vitamin D3 regimens from 17 to 24 weeks’ gestation until 26 weeks postpartum (prenatal;
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Effects of a 5-week intake of erythritol and xylitol on vascular function, abdominal fat and glucose tolerance in humans with obesity: a pilot trial BMJ Nutr. Prev. Health (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Valentine Bordier, Fabienne Teysseire, Jürgen Drewe, Philipp Madörin, Oliver Bieri, Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss, Henner Hanssen, Christoph Beglinger, Anne Christin Meyer-Gerspach, Bettina K Wölnerhanssen
Introduction Previous studies in humans and rats suggest that erythritol might positively affect vascular function, xylitol decrease visceral fat mass and both substances improve glycaemic control. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of a 5-week intake of erythritol and xylitol on vascular function, abdominal fat and blood lipids, glucose tolerance, uric acid, hepatic enzymes