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Evaluation of a Mental Health Support Service for Performing Artists medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Finola M Ryan, Claire M Cordeaux, Dermott Davison
Key messages What is already known about this subject? Performing artists often face mental health issues impacting their personal and professional lives across disciplines and career stages. Risk factors include pressure to maintain high standards, competitive industry, irregular work patterns, and performance anxiety. Barriers include confidentiality concerns leading to lack of work, fear of misunderstanding
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Applying item response theory to psychometrically evaluate and shorten the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Anna Maria Dåderman, Petri Kajonius, Beata Alexandra Basinska
Workplace bullying (WB) assessment often relies on the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R). This study aimed to shorten and improve the NAQ-R using Item Response Theory (IRT) and address sex bias. IRT analysis from 867 Swedish employees (66% women) identified less-informative items. Based on this, a 13-item NAQ-R Short Form (NAQ-R-SF) was developed, demonstrating strong discrimination and validity
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Global trends in occupational disease reporting: a systematic review medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Levina Chandra Khoe, Siti Rizny Fitriana Saldi, Marsen Isbayuputra, Muchtaruddin Mansyur, Virginia Wiseman, Augustine Asante
Background Preventing occupational diseases requires knowing the magnitude of the problem. However, disease reporting is often unreliable and faces many challenges, making it difficult to estimate the true burden of occupational diseases, defined as any disease that is caused by the work activity or environment. This study aimed to assess the global reporting and underreporting rate of occupational
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Filovirus outbreak responses and occupational health effects of chlorine spraying in healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of alternative disinfectants and application methods medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Luca Fontana, Luca Stabile, Elisa Caracci, Antoine Chaillon, Kamal Ait-Ikhlefk, Giorgio Buonanno
Objective: In the context of filovirus outbreaks, chlorine spraying has been the standard for infection prevention and control. Due to potential occupational health risks, public health institutions now recommend wiping, which is labor-intensive and may increase the risk of heat stress for healthcare workers wearing personal protective equipment. This systematic review and meta-analysis quantified
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In-utero exposure to PM2.5 and adverse birth outcomes in India: Geostatistical modelling using remote sensing and demographic health survey data 2019-21 medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-09-17 Arup Jana, Malay Pramanik, Arabinda Maiti, Aparajita Chattopadhyay, Mary Abed Al Ahad
Rapid urbanization in India is contributing to heightened poor air quality. Yet research on the impact of poor air on adverse birth outcomes (ABOs) especially in the public health aspect is less in India. This study investigates the influence of air quality on birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth (PTB). Utilizing data from the National Family Health Survey and satellite images, the study employs various
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Protocol for the Work And Vocational advicE (WAVE) randomised controlled trial testing the addition of vocational advice to usual primary care (Clinical Trials: NCT04543097) medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-09-14 Gwenllian Wynne-Jones, Martyn Lewis, Gail Sowden, Ira Madan, Karen Walker-Bone, Carolyn A. Chew-Graham, Kieran Bromley, Sue Jowett, Vaughan Parsons, Gemma Mansell, Kendra Cooke, Sarah Lawton, Benjamin Saunders, John Pemberton, Cyrus Cooper, Nadine Foster
Objectives: To investigate the effectiveness of adding a brief vocational advice intervention to usual care in reducing the number of days absent from work over a period of 6 months in adults given a fit note by their general practice. Design: Multicentre, pragmatic, two parallel-arm, randomised controlled trial with health economic analyses and nested qualitative study. A computer-generated stratified
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How algorithms make the workplace -- A qualitative analysis of Chinese couriers medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Hua Wei, Huiyue Shi, Yilin Kou, Mengke Yu, Shugang Li, Thomas O'Toole, Christopher J. Armitage, Tarani Chandola, Pauline Whelan, Yanchun Zhang, Yan Xu, Martie van Tongeren
Introduction Algorithmic management (AM) is rapidly changing how work is organized and managed globally. Courier work is one of the most affected occupations due to the common use of digital labour platforms. Existing research about AM has predominantly focused on its functionalities and failed to capture the underlying mechanism of AM as a potential source of work stress. This study aimed to fill
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Harnessing non-standard nucleic acids for highly sensitive icosaplex (20-plex) detection of microbial threats medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-09-10 Hinako Kawabe, Luran Manfio, Sebastian Magana Pena, Nicolette Zhou, Kevin Bradley, Cen Chen, Chris McLendon, Steven A Benner, Karen Levy, Zunyi Yang, Jorge A Marchand, Erica Fuhrmeister
Environmental surveillance and clinical diagnostics heavily rely on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for target detection. A growing list of microbial threats warrants new PCR-based detection methods that are highly sensitive, specific, and multiplexable. Here, we introduce a PCR-based icosaplex (20-plex) assay for detecting 18 enteropathogen and two antimicrobial resistance genes. This multiplexed
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Association of occupational exposure to chemical substances with bladder cancer in Ethiopia: A multi-center matched case-control Study medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-09-06 Eleni Asfaw Kebede, Tigist Workneh Leulseged
Background Bladder cancer (BC) is the 10th most common cancer worldwide and ranks 13th in incidence in Ethiopia. Occupational exposure is the second leading cause of BC after smoking, accounting for 21%–27% of BC cases in men and 11% in women. This study aims to investigate the association between occupational exposure to chemical substances and bladder cancer among patients in selected hospitals in
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The association between nurse staffing configurations and sickness absence: longitudinal study medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-09-03 Chiara Dall’ora, Paul Meredith, Christina Saville, Jeremy Jones, Peter Griffiths
Importance Nurses’ work-related stress and sickness absence are high. The consequences of sickness absence are severe for health systems’ efficiency and productivity.
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Barriers and facilitators to successful transition to civilian life for ex-servicewomen: the perspective of service providers and policymakers medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-08-31 Bethany Croak, Laura Rafferty, Marie-Louise Sharp, Alexandria Smith, Rafiyah Khan, Victoria Langston, Neil Greenberg, Nicola T Fear, Sharon A.M Stevelink
The role of women in the UK Armed Forces has changed considerably in the last decade. With drives to increase the number of women serving in the military, research must consider the impact of both service and transition into civilian life on the health and wellbeing of service and ex-servicewomen (female veterans). This paper adds to the field by providing the perspective of service providers supporting
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Genotoxicity of Prenatal and Early Childhood Exposure to Pesticides: A Protocol and Pilot Study of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-08-29 Moustafa Sherif, Aya Darwish, Balázs Ádám
Objectives To systematically review and meta-analyse the genotoxic impact of prenatal and early childhood pesticide exposure, investigating prevalence, specific pesticides, effect size, mechanisms, genetic susceptibility, and vulnerable periods.
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Body dissatisfaction widens the racial disparities of Benzophenone-3, a chemical biomarker of personal care and consumer product usage medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-08-26 Vy Kim Nguyen, Samuel Zimmerman, Justin Colacino, Olivier Jolliet, Chirag J Patel
Background: Body dissatisfaction can drive individuals to use personal care products, exposing themselves to Benzophenone-3 (BP3). Yet, no study has examined the link between body dissatisfaction and elevated chemical exposures. Objectives: Our study examines how body dissatisfaction impacts the racial differences in BP3 exposures. Methods: Using NHANES 2003-2016 data for 3,072 women, we ascertained
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Mandatory or Voluntary COVID-19 Vaccination: Insights into the Knowledge, Attitude and Perception among Healthcare Workers at a Nursing College in South Africa medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-08-20 Lindokuhle Mokoena, Tanusha Singh
Vaccine hesitancy has emerged as a significant global challenge impacting healthcare institutions, workplaces and governments alike. Despite concerted efforts by the government and numerous other institutions in South Africa, low vaccination rates persist (33% as of November 13, 2023), reflecting the persistence of this global challenge. This challenge is particularly pronounced in educational institutions
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NHS staff: Sickness absence and intention to leave the profession medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-08-05 Lauren J Scott, Danielle Lamb, Chris Michael Penfold, M Theresa Redaniel, Nora Trompeter, Paul Moran, Rupa Bhundia, Neil Greenberg, Rosalind Raine, Simon Wessely, Ira Madan, Peter Aitken, Anne Marie Rafferty, Sarah Dorrington, Richard Morriss, Dominic Murphy, Sharon Stevelink
Objective To determine key workforce variables (demographic, health and occupational) that predicted NHS staff's 1) absence due to illness (both COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 related) and 2) expressed intention to leave their current profession. Methods Staff from 18 NHS Trusts were surveyed between April 2020 and January 2021, and again approximately 12 months later. Logistic and linear regression were
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Relative income and its relationship with mental health in UK employees: a conceptual and methodological review. medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-08-03 Bethany Croak, Laura E Grover, Simon Wessely, Kalpa Kharicha, Danielle Lamb, Sharon A.M. Stevelink
The relative income hypothesis theorises that the earnings of an individual relative to others exert a greater influence on subjective wellbeing than absolute income. Understanding the relationship between relative income and mental health could contribute to employee wellbeing. This review narratively synthesised the defining features and measurement of relative income, and its impact on mental health
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Distinct characteristics of lymphoid and myeloid clonal hematopoiesis in Word Trade Center first responders medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-08-02 Myvizhi Esai Selvan, Pei-Fen Kuan, Xiaohua Yang, John Mascarenhas, Robert J Klein, Benjamin J Luft, Paolo Boffetta, Zeynep H Gümüş
BACKGROUND Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is a condition when healthy individuals harbor clonal mutations in myeloid (M-CHIP) and/or lymphoid (L-CHIP) cells at variant allele fraction (VAF) ≥0.02. While CHIP is associated with an increased risk of hematologic malignancy and cardiovascular disease, its association with airborne carcinogens is largely unknown. OBJECTIVES Here
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Residential Methamphetamine Contamination in Boulder Colorado: Incidence and Implications medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-07-30 James Eugene Dennison, Norris Minick
The manufacture and use of methamphetamine (meth) is a significant problem, in part because it can lead to the contamination of properties where it occurs. Meth contamination can lead to health issues for occupants as well as very high remediation costs for property owners. But even in a state like Colorado, where meth testing and remediation are highly regulated, the number of residences or other
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Lung function may recover after exposure to smoke from a coal mine fire: A longitudinal cohort study medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-07-30 Nicolette R Holt, Catherine L Smith, Caroline X Gao, Brigitte Borg, Tyler J Lane, David Brown, Jill F Ikin, Annie Makar, Thomas McCrabb, Mikayla Thomas, Kris Nilsen, Bruce R Thompson, Michael J Abramson
Background and objective: The 2014 Hazelwood coalmine fire exposed residents in nearby Morwell to high concentrations of particulate matter <2.5 μm (PM2.5) for approximately 6 weeks. This analysis aimed to evaluate the long-term impact on respiratory health. Methods: Adults from Morwell and the unexposed town of Sale completed validated respiratory questionnaires and performed spirometry, gas transfer
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Teleworking and health in an epidemic context: contrasting the infectious and non-communicable diseases perspectives medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-07-18 Leo Moutet, Quentin Leclerc, Maylis Layan, Karim Ait Bouziad, William Dab, Paul Henriot, Elise Hodbert, Narimene Louati, Aurelie Maurin, Frederique thonon, Sylvie Znaty, Mohamed Benhalima, Kevin Jean, Laura Temime
The global response to the COVID-19 pandemic has brought a significant shift towards teleworking. While this escalating practice can reduce the risk of infection for workers, its societal and health impact also encompasses non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, the link between teleworking frequency and NCD risk is unclear. In this study, we aimed to unravel the intricate interplay between teleworking
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Application of REDECA Framework to Improve Safety and Health of Agricultural Tractor Drivers medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-07-11 Negin Ashrafi, Kamiar Alaei, Greg Placencia, Maryam Pishgar
Introduction: Despite tremendous efforts, including research, teaching, and extension, toward improving the safety of agricultural tractor drivers, the number of incidents related to agricultural tractor drivers has not declined. This evidence points out an urgent need to explore artificial intelligence (AI) solutions to improve the safety of tractor drivers. Methods: This paper uses 171 Fatality Assessment
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The mediating role of sleep in the association between environmental noise and mental health medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-07-03 Kaya Grocott, Adelle Mansour, Rebecca Bentley, Kate E Mason
Exposure to environmental noise in residential areas has been associated with adverse mental health outcomes; however, the mechanisms of this relationship remain underexplored. This study investigates the contribution of reduced sleep quality to the negative association between perceived neighbourhood environmental noise exposure and poor mental health. We used the Household Income and Labour Dynamics
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Social disparities in flood exposure and associations with the urban environment in 44,698 neighborhoods in 276 cities in eight Latin American countries medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-07-03 Josiah L Kephart, Usama Bilal, Nelson Gouveia, Olga Lucia Sarmiento, Emily Shingara, Karla Rangel Moreno, Maryia Bakhtsiyarava, Juan Pablo Rodriguez, Salvador Ayala, Gabriel Carrasco Escobar, Ana V Diez Roux
Background: Climate change is expected to greatly increase exposure to flooding, particularly in urban populations in low- and middle-income countries. We examined within-city social disparities in exposure to flooding in 276 Latin American cities and associated features of the neighborhood urban environment. Methods: We used a spatially granular dataset of historical flood events from 2000 to 2018
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Does time awareness coaching support hybrid workers' wellbeing?: Protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-06-30 Anna Navin Young, Zelda Di Blasi, Sarah Foley, Eithne Hunt
Background High rates of poor employee mental health and wellbeing have spurred growing demands for initiatives that support wellbeing in the workplace. The promotion of positive mental health and wellbeing is an essential component of workplace wellbeing initiatives, focusing on enhancing positive aspects of work, workers’ capacities, and positive behaviors. As one of the fastest growing practices
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The Role of Age and Sex in Non-linear Dilution Adjustment of Spot Urine Arsenic medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-06-30 Thomas Clemens Carmine
Background Previous research introduced V-PFCRC as an effective spot urinary dilution adjustment method for various metal analytes, including the major environmental toxin arsenic. V-PFCRC normalizes analytes to 1 g/L creatinine (CRN) by adopting more advanced power-functional corrective equations accounting for variation in exposure level. This study expands on previous work by examining the impacts
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Differences in neuromusculoskeletal injury and disability rates between US Navy aircraft carrier and amphibious assault ships. medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-06-19 John J Fraser, Joshua Halfpap, Michael Rosenthal
Introduction: Musculoskeletal injuries (MSKI) are the most common clinical condition in the military that affect medical readiness. Evaluation of MSKI burden and the effects of these injuries on readiness in large deck Navy ships is warranted. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study assessing population-level MSKI rates, limited duty (LIMDU), and long-term disability episode counts of all
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Machine learning and the labour market: A portrait of occupational and worker inequities in Canada medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-06-13 Arif Jetha, Qing Liao, Faraz Vahid Shahidi, Viet Vu, Aviroop Biswas, Brendan Smith, Peter Smith
Introduction: Machine learning (ML) is increasingly used by Canadian workplaces. Concerningly, the impact of ML may be inequitable and disrupt social determinants of health. The aim of this study is to estimate the number of workers in occupations highly exposed to ML and describe differences in ML exposure represents according to occupational and worker sociodemographic factors. Methods: Canadian
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Long-term exposure to wildland fire smoke PM2.5 and mortality in the contiguous United States medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-06-11 Yiqun Ma, Emma Zang, Yang Liu, Jing Wei, Yuan Lu, Harlan Krumholz, Michelle Bell, Kai Chen
Despite the substantial evidence on the health effects of short-term exposure to ambient fine particles (PM2.5), including increasing studies focusing on those from wildland fire smoke, the impacts of long-term wildland fire smoke PM2.5 exposure remain unclear. We investigated the association between long-term exposure to wildland fire smoke PM2.5 and non-accidental mortality and mortality from a wide
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Investigating the impact of London’s Ultra Low Emission Zone (ULEZ) on children’s health: cohort description and baseline data from the Children’s Health in London and Luton (CHILL) prospective parallel cohort study medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-06-05 Helen E. Wood, Harpal Kalsi, Louise Cross, Rosamund E. Dove, James Scales, Ivelina Tsocheva, Jasmine Chavda, Grainne Colligan, Esther Lie, Kristian Petrovic, Florian Tomini, Veronica Tofolutti, Bill Day, Amanda Keighley, Cheryll Critchlow, Sean Beevers, Monica Fletcher, W. James Gauderman, Jonathan Grigg, Borislava Mihaylova, Chris Newby, Esther van Sluijs, Frank Kelly, Aziz Sheikh, Gurch Randhawa
Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) poses significant health risks particularly for children, with adverse effects that may impact health in later life. Low emission zones are a public health policy designed to reduce TRAP in urban areas.
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Bulwark Effect of Response in a Causal Model of Disruptive Clinician Behavior medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-06-04 Manabu Fujimoto, Mika Shimamura, Hiroaki Miyazaki, Kazuto Inaba
INTRODUCTION Disruptive clinician behavior (DCB) refers to unethical and unprofessional behavior that seriously affects patient safety by disrupting relationships among healthcare professionals and causing dysfunctional communication and teamwork. DCB often persists as an organizational culture in Japanese healthcare settings because of problems in the conventional leadership system along with professional
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Variable Power Functional Dilution Adjustment of Spot Urine medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-05-29 Thomas Clemens Carmine
Spot-urinary biomarkers are essential for medical, epidemiological, and environmental research. However, they are affected by hydration-dependent diuresis, requiring precise dilution adjustments. Traditional methods, like conventional creatinine correction (CCRC), have limitations and introduce errors due to residual diuresis dependence. To address this, the WHO recommends a valid creatinine (CRN)
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Targeted Sequencing of CTX-M Alleles in Seattle Area Wastewater medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-05-26 Angelo Q. Ong, Sarah E. Philo, Anysiah Taylor, Ruohan Hu, John Scott Meschke, Erica R. Fuhrmeister
Extended-spectrum-beta-lactamases (ESBLs) are a growing group of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) enzymes that can result in severe clinical outcomes. The CTX-M gene, which encodes for ESBLs in bacteria, confers resistance to third generation cephalosporins and is of high clinical concern. We developed a targeted, long-read sequencing method utilizing unique molecular identifiers to generate accurate
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Nature-based allied health: current practice, challenges and opportunities medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-05-23 Jessica Stanhope, Kristen Foley, Mary Butler, Jennifer Boddy, Kelly Clanchy, Emma George, Rachel Roberts, Paul Rothmore, Amy Salter, Patricia Serocki, Abirami Thirumanickam, Philip Weinstein
Purpose To guide the effective use of nature-based approaches, we aimed to determine current practice, challenges and proposed solutions concerning the use of these approaches by allied health professionals (AHPs). We also investigated the signs, symptoms and conditions AHPs believe nature-based approaches may prevent and/or manage, as well as the perceived impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Impact of heat on respiratory hospitalizations among older adults living in 120 large US urban areas medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-05-22 Cassandra R. O’Lenick, Stephanie E. Cleland, Lucas M. Neas, Mallory W. Turner, E. Melissa Mcinroe, K. Lloyd Hill, Andrew J. Ghio, Meghan E. Rebuli, Ilona Jaspers, Ana G. Rappold
Objectives A nationwide study of the impact of high temperature on respiratory disease hospitalizations among older adults (65+) living in large urban centers.
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Leveraging regulatory monitoring data for quantitative microbial risk assessment of Legionella pneumophila in cooling towers medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-05-20 Émile Sylvestre, Dominique Charron, Xavier Lefebvre, Emilie Bedard, Michèle Prévost
Cooling towers are critical engineered water systems for air conditioning and refrigeration but can create favorable conditions for Legionella pneumophila growth and aerosolization. Human exposure to L. pneumophila-contaminated aerosols can cause Legionnaire’s disease. Routine monitoring of L. pneumophila in cooling towers offers possibilities to develop quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA)
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Biological Factors Influencing Individual Responses to Propylene Oxide: A Systematic Review of Exogenous Exposure, Endogenous Production and Detoxification medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-05-17 Irene S. Gabashvili
Objective This systematic review aims to synthesize current knowledge on Propylene Oxide (PO) in human exhaled breath, examining its presence across various biological matrices and exploring methodologies for its analysis. It seeks to elucidate the sources of PO in the human body and understand individual variability in detoxification processes.
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Assessing the environmental impact of medicines in Italy using data from the Italian Medicines Agency medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-05-16 Valentina Giunchi, Michele Fusaroli, Agnese Cangini, Filomena Fortinguerra, Simona Zito, Andrea Pierantozzi, Carlotta Lunghi, Elisabetta Poluzzi, Francesco Trotta
Aim This study builds upon the environmental risk analysis presented in the 2022 National Report on Medicines Use in Italy by the Italian Medicines Agency and aims to assess the environmental risk posed by medicines in Italy and in its regions.
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Unmasking the determinants of knowledge, attitude and practice of Personal Protective Equipment use among Nepalese farmers using pesticides medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-05-15 Reecha Piya, Krishna G.C, Ajay K. Rajbhandari, Sampurna Kakchapati
Background Farmer using commercially available chemical pesticides are at high risk to develop various pesticide-related-illnesses. To mitigate the adverse effect of pesticides, it is crucial for famers to wear Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). This study aimed to assess the factors influencing knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of PPE use among farmers using pesticides in mid-hills of Nepal
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Quantification of Legionella pneumophila in building potable water systems: a meta-analysis comparing qPCR and culture-based detection methods medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-05-04 Émile Sylvestre, William J. Rhoads, Timothy R. Julian, Frederik Hammes
Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) offers a rapid, automated, and potentially on-site method for quantifying L. pneumophila in building potable water systems, complementing and potentially replacing traditional culture-based techniques. However, the application of qPCR in assessing human health risks is complicated by its tendency to overestimate such risks due to the detection of genomic
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Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and age-related macular degeneration in U.S. middle-aged and older adults medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-05-03 Habyeong Kang, Sung Kyun Park, Dong Hyun Kim, Yoon-Hyeong Choi
Despite various health effects of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure, the association between PFAS exposure and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has not been investigated. We aimed to assess associations of PFAS exposure with AMD, using data from 1,722 U.S. adults aged 40 years or more participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2008 with complete
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Novel Insights for Radiation Risk Assessment Unveiled by Deep Learning medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-04-30 Zhenqiu Liu, Igor Shuryak, David J Brenner, Robert L Ullrich
Contemporary radiation risk assessment predominantly depends on nonlinear parametric models, which typically include a baseline term, a dose-response term, and an effect modifier term. Despite their widespread application in estimating tumor risks, parametric models face a notable drawback: their rigid model structure can be overly restrictive, potentially introducing bias and inaccuracies into risk
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Do Sleep Quality Can Be the Intervening Factors of Personality Data to Occupational Fatigue? medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-04-27 Doddy Izhar, David Kusmawan, Budi Aswin
Fatigue during work among oil and gas employees can have dangerous effects on wellbeing, economics, safety, and health. This cross-sectional survey was conducted in July and August of 2022 at two national oil and gas companies located in Muara Jambi and Jambi City. A convenience sample of 116 respondents was selected in total. To address the study hypotheses, partial least square-structural equation
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Evaluation of easy-to-implement anti-stress interventions in a series of N-of-1 trials: Study protocol of the Anti-Stress Intervention Among Physicians Study (ASIP) medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-04-22 Valentin Max Vetter, Tobias Kurth, Stefan Konigorski
Background Adverse effects of chronically high levels of stress on physical and mental health are well established. In physicians, the effects of elevated stress levels exceed the individual level and include treatment errors and reduced quality of patient-doctor relationships. Breathing and mindfulness-based exercises have been shown to reduce stress and could serve as an immediate and easy-to-implement
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Respiratory symptoms after coalmine fire and pandemic: a longitudinal analysis of the Hazelwood Health Study adult cohort medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-04-22 Tyler J. Lane, Matthew Carroll, Brigitte M. Borg, Tracy A. McCaffrey, Catherine L. Smith, Caroline X. Gao, David Brown, Amanda Johnson, David Poland, Shantelle Allgood, Jillian Ikin, Michael J. Abramson
Objectives Extreme but discrete fine particle <2.5μm (PM2.5) exposure is associated with higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms. It was unknown whether these effects abate, persist, or worsen over time, nor whether they are exacerbated by COVID-19.
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Sociodemographic and geographic variation in mortality attributable to air pollution in the United States medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Pascal Geldsetzer, Daniel Fridljand, Mathew V. Kiang, Eran Bendavid, Sam Heft-Neal, Marshall Burke, Alexander H. Thieme, Tarik Benmarhnia
There are large differences in premature mortality in the USA by racial/ethnic, education, rurality, and social vulnerability index groups. Using existing concentration-response functions, particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution, population estimates at the tract level, and county-level mortality data, we estimated the degree to which these mortality discrepancies can be attributed to differences
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Stressors and lessons for future support for healthcare staff facing adverse challenges: A systematic review of qualitative research conducted in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Evangelos Ntontis, Richard Williams, Katarzyna Luzynska, Abigail Wright, Anastasia Rousaki
Background Extreme events (e.g., floods, hurricanes) can overwhelm healthcare workers and systems. Similarly, healthcare workers were particularly affected during the COVID-19 pandemic, and high levels of distress and mental ill health have been reported.
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Molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance organisms from drinking water and wastewater in a metropolitan city medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Khursheda Akhtar, Nasreen Farhana, Alamgir Hossain, Fahmida Khanam
Background Antimicrobial resistant (AMR) organisms in environment may harm people. This study assessed the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of AMR organisms from drinking and wastewater.
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Dose-Response after Low-dose Ionizing Radiation: Evidence from Life Span Study with Data-driven Deep Neural Network Model medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Zhenqiu Liu, Igor Shuryak
Accurately evaluating the disease risks after low-dose ionizing radiation (IR) exposure are crucial for protecting public health, setting safety standards, and advancing research in radiation safety. However, while much is known about the disease risks of high-dose irradiation, risk estimates at low dose remains controversial. To date, five different parametric models (supra-linear, linear no threshold
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Understanding emotional and health indicators underlying the burnout risk of healthcare workers medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-04-14 Elçin Güveyi, Garry Elvin, Angela Kennedy, Zeyneb Kurt, Petia Sice, Paras Patel, Antoinette Dubruel, Drummond Heckels
Background: Burnout of healthcare workers is of increasing concern as workload pressures mount. Burnout is usually conceptualised as resulting from external pressures rather than internal resilience and although is not a diagnosable condition, it is related to help seeking for its psychological sequelae. Objective: To understand how staff support services can intervene with staff heading for burnout
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Propylene Oxide in Exhaled Breath as a Marker for Discriminating TMAU-like Conditions from TMAU medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Irene S. Gabashvili
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) triggering respiratory irritation are implicated in conditions such as Trimethylaminuria (TMAU) and “people are allergic to me” (PATM) which occur in otherwise healthy individuals without clear syndromic associations. Despite the absence of established non-targeted non-challenge-based diagnostic procedures, recent studies have identified discriminatory VOCs associated
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Work-related road traffic crashes: emergence of new modes of personal journey. Analysis based on data from a register of road traffic crashes medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Emmanuel Fort, Nicolas Connesson, Julien Brière, Amina Ndiaye, Blandine Gadegbeku, Barbara Charbotel
Introduction According to the 2018–2019 People Mobility Survey, work-related journeys (commuting and on-duty journeys) account for approximately 25% of all journeys. The use of non-motorized (nm) and motorized (m) personal mobility devices (PMDs) has steadily increased since their introduction into the French market in the last decade.
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Is exposure to pesticides associated with biological aging? A systematic review and meta-analysis medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-04-05 Shanshan Zuo, Vidhya Sasitharan, Gian Luca Di Tanna, Judith M. Vonk, Maaike De Vries, Moustafa Sherif, Balázs Ádám, Juan Carlos Rivillas, Valentina Gallo
Objective Exposure to pesticides is a risk factor for various diseases, yet its association with biological aging remains unclear. We aimed to systematically investigate the relationship between pesticide exposure and biological aging.
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Presence of glyphosate in urine due to environmental exposure among populations of agro-industrial areas in Buenos Aires, Argentina medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Silvana Figar, Analia Ferloni, Amparo Saravi, Adriana R. Dawidowski, Valeria I. Aliperti, Ignacio Bressán, Florencia De Florio, Jimena Vicens, Nahuel Braguinsky Golde, Natalia K. Garcia, Glenda Pazur, Guillermo E. Hough, Adrián C. Gadano
Introduction An increasing number of rural communities express perception of health damage from glyphosate and other agrochemicals. We measure the presence of glyphosate in the human body, in order to create, together with the local community, a systemic model that highlights modifiable causal socio-environmental conditions.
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SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence by industry, workplace characteristics, and workplace infection prevention and control measures, North Carolina, 2021 to 2022 medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Carolyn Gigot, Nora Pisanic, Kristoffer Spicer, Meghan F Davis, Kate Kruczynski, Magdielis Gregory Rivera, Kirsten Koehler, D. J. Hall, Devon J. Hall, Christopher D Heaney
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected workers in certain industries and occupations, and the workplace can be a high risk setting for SARS-CoV-2 transmission. In this study, we measured SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence and identified work-related risk factors in a population primarily working at industrial livestock operations. Methods: We used a multiplex salivary SARS-CoV-2
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Redeployment Experiences of Healthcare Workers in the UK during COVID-19: data from the nationwide UK-REACH study medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Zainab Zuzer Lal, Christopher A Martin, Mayuri Gogoi, Irtiza Qureshi, Luke Bryant, Padmasayee Papineni, Susie Lagrata, Laura B Nellums, Amani S Al-Oraibi, Jonathon Chaloner, Katherine Woolf, Manish Pareek
Background Increasing demands of COVID-19 on the healthcare system necessitated redeployment of HCWs outside their routine specialties. Previous studies, highlighting ethnic and occupational inequalities in redeployment, are limited by small cohorts with limited ethnic diversity. Aims To assess how ethnicity, migration status, and occupation are associated with HCWs redeployment experiences during
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Cardiorespiratory demands of firearms training instruction and 15m shuttle tests in law enforcement. medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Joseph Warwick, Sophie Cooper, Flaminia Ronca
Objectives: Law enforcement agencies require minimum fitness standards to safeguard their officers and training staff. Firearms instructors (FI) are expected to maintain the same standards as their operational counterparts. This study aimed to quantify the daily physiological demands placed on FI. Methods: 19 FI (45 ± 5 years) completed occupational tasks whilst wearing heart rate (HR) monitors for
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Blood lead levels and bladder cancer among US participants: NHANES 1999-2018 medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Mei Huang, Hongxiao Li, Jiahui Chen, Liuqiang Li, Yifei Zhan, Yuxuan Du, Bian Jun, Meiling Chen, Dehui Lai
Background: Lead is a toxic metal for human health, but its carcinogenicity is controversial, and the effect on bladder cancer is still unknown. The object of this study was to demonstrate the link between blood lead and bladder cancer. Objectives: We investigated associations of lead exposures with bladder cancer. Methods: We used the database from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
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Accidental Exposure to Body Fluids Among Healthcare Workers in a Referral Hospital in the Security-Challenged Region of South West Cameroon medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Innocent Takougang, Fabrice Zobel Lekeumo Cheuyem, Blessing Asongu Changeh, Ngatie Denetria Nyonga, Hortense Mengong Moneboulou
Introduction: Accidental exposure to body fluids (AEBs) increases the risk of blood-borne infections among susceptible HCWs. While 90% of the AEB reported occur in developed nations, developing countries bear 90% of the burden of healthcare associated infections, especially those of sub-Saharan Africa. Social insecurity may contribute further to the vulnerability of HCWs. Our study sought to determine
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Simulating desegregation through affordable housing development: an environmental health impact assessment of Connecticut zoning law medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Saira Prasanth, Nire Oloyede, Xuezhixing Zhang, Kai Chen, Daniel Carrión
Residential segregation shapes access to health-promoting resources and drives health inequities in the United States. Connecticut Section 8-30g incentivizes municipalities to develop a housing stock that is at least 10% affordable housing. We used this implicit target to project the impact of increasing affordable housing across all 169 Connecticut municipalities on all-cause mortality among low-income
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Protocol for a prospective, multi-centric, cross-sectional cohort study to assess personal light exposure medRxiv. Occup. Environ. Health Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Carolina Guidolin, Ljiljana Udovicic, Kai Broszio, David Baeza Moyano, Sofia Melero-Tur, Guadalupe Cantarero-Garcia, Roberto Alonso Gonzalez-Lezcano, Sam Aerts, John Bolte, Hongli Joosten-Ma, Maria Nilsson Tengelin, Oliver Stefani, Altug Didikoglu, Johannes Zauner, Manuel Spitschan
Light profoundly impacts many aspects of human physiology and behaviour, including the synchronization of the circadian clock, the production of melatonin, and cognition. These effects of light, termed the non-visual effects of light, have been primarily investigated in laboratory settings, where light intensity, spectrum and timing can be carefully controlled to draw associations with physiological