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Turf Toe Injury: A Pictorial Review and a Didactic Case Report Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Tom Claikens, Wahid Rezaie, Philip Simons
Hyperextension of the first metatarsophalangeal joint can lead to a turf toe injury of the plantar plate complex, resulting in significant morbidity for athletes. This article reviews the anatomy, pathophysiology, classification, and imaging findings of turf toe injuries. In turf toe trauma, many different structures can be injured, with the sesamoid-phalangeal ligaments the most common. Diagnosis
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The Future of Artificial Intelligence in Sports Medicine and Return to Play Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Vishal Desai
Artificial intelligence (AI) has shown tremendous growth over the last decade, with the more recent development of clinical applications in health care. The ability of AI to synthesize large amounts of complex data automatically allows health care providers to access previously unavailable metrics and thus enhance and personalize patient care. These innovations include AI-assisted diagnostic tools
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Return to Play Following Concussion: Role for Imaging? Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Drew Sanclemente, Jeffrey A. Belair, Kiran S. Talekar, Johannes B. Roedl, Stephen Stache
This review surveys concussion management, focusing on the use of neuroimaging techniques in return to play (RTP) decisions. Clinical assessments traditionally were the foundation of concussion diagnoses. However, their subjective nature prompted an exploration of neuroimaging modalities to enhance diagnosis and management. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy provides information about metabolic changes
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Return to Play in Youth Athletes: Role of the Radiologist with Focus on the Upper Extremity Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Vandan Patel, Ngan P. Nguyen, Naomi Brown, Shaun D. Mendenhall, Adam C. Zoga, Jie C. Nguyen
Increase in youth sports participation, longer duration of play, and earlier starting points have increased the prevalence of acute and repetitive overuse musculoskeletal injuries. This rise in injury rates has led to increased efforts to better understand the susceptible sites of injury that are unique to the growing immature skeleton. Upper extremity injuries are currently the best studied, particularly
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Postoperative Return to Play and the Role of Imaging Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Aaron D. Brumbaugh, Bethany U. Casagranda
Return to play (RTP) following surgery is a complex subject at the interface of social and internal pressures experienced by the athlete, psychological readiness, and intrinsic healing of the surgically repaired structures. Although functional testing, time from surgery, clinical examination, and scoring metrics can help clarify an athlete's readiness to return to sport, imaging can allow for a more
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Reinjury Following Return to Play Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 George J. Watts V, Ryan Tai, Ganesh Joshi, Elisabeth Garwood, Debajyoti Saha
Radiologists are frequently called on for guidance regarding return to play (RTP) for athletes and active individuals after sustaining a musculoskeletal injury. Avoidance of reinjury is of particular importance throughout the rehabilitative process and following resumption of competitive activity. Understanding reinjury risk estimation, imaging patterns, and correlation of clinical and surgical findings
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Percutaneous Interventions for Injuries in Athletes: Implications on Return to Play Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-14
For nonsurgical musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries in athletes, image-guided percutaneous intervention may aid in recovery and decrease return to play (RTP) time. These interventions fall into two major categories: to reduce inflammation (and therefore alleviate pain) or to promote healing. This review describes the risks and benefits of the various percutaneous interventions in MSK athletic injury and
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Bone Bruise versus Fracture on MRI and the Relevance to Return to Play Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Jeffrey A. Belair, Adam C. Zoga
We review the spectrum of acute osseous injuries in athletes, ranging from osseous contusion (bone bruise) injuries to nondisplaced cortical fractures. The basic biomechanical concepts, underlying histopathologic changes, and characteristic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of acute osseous injuries are presented. Bone bruise injuries of varying severity are highlighted to showcase the breadth
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Osseous Stress Injuries: Treatment Algorithms and Return to Play Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-14
Osseous stress injuries are common in athletes. Specifically, lower extremity injuries are prevalent in running athletes and upper extremity injuries are prevalent in throwing athletes. Such injuries are suspected when there is focal bone tenderness and increased pain with the inciting activity. In elite athletes, osseous stress injuries are a relatively common culprit in lost play time. Thus rapid
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Hamstring Injuries: A Paradigm for Return to Play Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Michael K. Hoy, Stephen Stache Jr., Johannes B. Roedl
Muscle injuries are the most common sports-related injuries, with hamstring involvement most common in professional athletes. These injuries can lead to significant time lost from play and have a high risk of reinjury. We review the anatomy, mechanisms of injury, diagnostic imaging modalities, and treatment techniques for hamstring injuries. We also present the latest evidence related to return to
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Return to Play in the Professional Athlete Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-14
The management of any injury in elite athletes poses unique challenges distinct from the general population because the goal is rapid recovery and return to play (RTP) while simultaneously managing residual symptoms and minimizing risk of reinjury. The time required for treatment, recovery, and return to peak performance can have consequences for both the athlete and his or her team: financial implications
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Gustav Peter Bucky: An Engineer in the Service of Health Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Iwona Sudoł-Szopińska, Marta Panas-Goworska, Christian Glaser
This history page in the series “Leaders in MSK radiology” is dedicated to the memory and achievements of the German radiologist Gustav Peter Bucky who invented the Bucky diaphragm grids. He wanted to become an engineer but bowed to his parents' wishes and went to medical school. By using his technical skills, he made revolutionary contributions to the early X-ray technique.
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Imaging Biomarkers of Peripheral Nerves: Focus on Magnetic Resonance Neurography and Ultrasonography Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Alireza Eajazi, Cindy Weinschenk, Avneesh Chhabra
Peripheral neuropathy is a prevalent and debilitating condition affecting millions of individuals globally. Magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) and ultrasonography (US) are noninvasive methods offering comprehensive visualization of peripheral nerves, using anatomical and functional imaging biomarkers to ensure accurate evaluation. For optimized MRN, superior and high-resolution two-dimensional and
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Biomarkers of Body Composition Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Connie Y. Chang, Leon Lenchik, Louis Blankemeier, Akshay S. Chaudhari, Robert D. Boutin
The importance and impact of imaging biomarkers has been increasing over the past few decades. We review the relevant clinical and imaging terminology needed to understand the clinical and research applications of body composition. Imaging biomarkers of bone, muscle, and fat tissues obtained with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasonography
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Bone Biomarkers Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Saeed Jerban, Hyungseok Jang, Eric Y. Chang, Susan Bukata, Jiang Du, Christine B. Chung
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly used to evaluate the microstructural and compositional properties of bone. MRI-based biomarkers can characterize all major compartments of bone: organic, water, fat, and mineral components. However, with a short apparent spin-spin relaxation time (T2*), bone is invisible to conventional MRI sequences that use long echo times. To address this shortcoming
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Radiomics in Musculoskeletal Tumors Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Daniel Brandenberger, Lawrence M. White
Sarcomas are heterogeneous rare tumors predominantly affecting the musculoskeletal (MSK) system. Due to significant variations in their natural history and variable response to conventional treatments, the discovery of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers to guide therapeutic decision-making is an active and ongoing field of research. As new cellular, molecular, and metabolic biomarkers continue
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging Biomarkers of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-08
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is essential in the management of musculoskeletal (MSK) tumors. This review delves into the diverse MRI modalities, focusing on anatomical, functional, and metabolic sequences that provide essential biomarkers for tumor detection, characterization, disease extent determination, and assessment of treatment response. MRI's multimodal capabilities offer a range of biomarkers
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Biomarkers of Cartilage Composition Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Maximilian T. Löffler, Zehra Akkaya, Rupsa Bhattacharjee, Thomas M. Link
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has significantly advanced the understanding of osteoarthritis (OA) because it enables visualization of noncalcified tissues. Cartilage is avascular and nurtured by diffusion, so it has a very low turnover and limited capabilities of repair. Consequently, prevention of structural and detection of premorphological damage is key in maintaining cartilage health. The integrity
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Imaging Biomarkers of Osteoarthritis Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Frank W. Roemer, Wolfgang Wirth, Shadpour Demehri, Richard Kijowski, Mohamed Jarraya, Daichi Hayashi, Felix Eckstein, Ali Guermazi
Currently no disease-modifying osteoarthritis drug has been approved for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) that can reverse, hold, or slow the progression of structural damage of OA-affected joints. The reasons for failure are manifold and include the heterogeneity of structural disease of the OA joint at trial inclusion, and the sensitivity of biomarkers used to measure a potential treatment effect
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Advancing Diagnostics and Patient Care: The Role of Biomarkers in Radiology Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-08
The integration of biomarkers into medical practice has revolutionized the field of radiology, allowing for enhanced diagnostic accuracy, personalized treatment strategies, and improved patient care outcomes. This review offers radiologists a comprehensive understanding of the diverse applications of biomarkers in medicine. By elucidating the fundamental concepts, challenges, and recent advancements
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Zygmunt Grudziński, 1870–1929 Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Iwona Sudoł-Szopińska, Marta Panas-Goworska, Małgorzata Szczerbo-Trojanowska
This history page in the series “Leaders in MSK Radiology” is dedicated to the memory and achievements of Zygmunt Grudziński, Polish radiologist at the University of Warsaw and founder of the Polish Society of Radiology and Polish Radiological Review, the first radiology journal.
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Up-and-coming Radiotracers for Imaging Pain Generators Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Rianne A. van der Heijden, Sandip Biswal
Chronic musculoskeletal pain is among the most highly prevalent diseases worldwide. Managing patients with chronic pain remains very challenging because current imaging techniques focus on morphological causes of pain that can be inaccurate and misleading. Moving away from anatomical constructs of disease, molecular imaging has emerged as a method to identify diseases according to their molecular,
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Radiotracers in the Diagnosis of Pain: A Mini Review Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Jacob Hascalovici, Anthony Babb, Braxton A. Norwood
The diagnosis and understanding of pain is challenging in clinical practice. Assessing pain relies heavily on self-reporting by patients, rendering it inherently subjective. Traditional clinical imaging methods such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging can only detect anatomical abnormalities, offering limited sensitivity and specificity in identifying pain-causing conditions. Radiotracers
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Value of Edema-like Marrow Signal Intensity in Diagnosis of Joint Pain: Radiologists' Perspective Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Dong Kyun Kim, Sheen-Woo Lee
Musculoskeletal pain is a significant contributor to disability. The mechanism and target of the treatment should be optimized by imaging, but currently no accepted gold standard exists to image pain. In addition to end-organ pathology, other mediators also contribute to nociception, such as angiogenesis, axonal extension, immunologic modulation, and central sensitization. Recent research indicates
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Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Peripheral Nerves: Current Status and New Developments Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Daehyun Yoon, Amelie M. Lutz
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is an emerging technique for peripheral nerve imaging that can provide information about the microstructural organization and connectivity of these nerves and complement the information gained from anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences. With DTI it is possible to reconstruct nerve pathways and visualize the three-dimensional trajectory of nerve fibers
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EXPLORing Arthritis with Total-body Positron Emission Tomography Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Abhijit J. Chaudhari, Yasser G. Abdelhafez, Lorenzo Nardo, Siba P. Raychaudhuri
Arthritis has significant adverse consequences on musculoskeletal tissues and often other organs of the body. Current methods for clinical evaluation of arthritis are suboptimal, and biomarkers that are objective and measurable indicators for monitoring of arthritis disease activity are in critical demand. Recently, total-body positron emission tomography (PET) has been developed that can collect imaging
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Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Molecular Imaging of the Painful Knee Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Jacob M. Mostert, Niels B.J. Dur, Xiufeng Li, Jutta M. Ellermann, Robert Hemke, Laurel Hales, Valentina Mazzoli, Feliks Kogan, James F. Griffith, Edwin H.G. Oei, Rianne A. van der Heijden
Chronic knee pain is a common condition. Causes of knee pain include trauma, inflammation, and degeneration, but in many patients the pathophysiology remains unknown. Recent developments in advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques and molecular imaging facilitate more in-depth research focused on the pathophysiology of chronic musculoskeletal pain and more specifically inflammation. The
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A Practical Guide to Sigma-1 Receptor Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A New Clinical Molecular Imaging Method to Identify Peripheral Pain Generators in Patients with Chronic Pain Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Bin Shen, Daehyun Yoon, Jessa Castillo, Sandip Biswal
Accurately identifying the peripheral pain generator in patients with chronic pain remains a major challenge for modern medicine. Millions of patients around the world suffer endlessly from difficult-to-manage debilitating pain because of very limited diagnostic tests and a paucity of pain therapies. To help these patients, we have developed a novel clinical molecular imaging approach, and, in its
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Molecular and Functional Imaging of Musculoskeletal Pain, Inflammation, and Arthritis. Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Sandip Biswal
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History Page: Leaders in MSK Radiology Brian Joseph Cremin (1929–2012) Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-10 Peter Beighton
This history page in the series “Leaders in MSK Radiology” is dedicated to the achievements of the British radiologist Brian Cremin, one of the pioneers of imaging of skeletal dysplasias.
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Current Role of Conventional Radiography of Sacroiliac Joints in Adults and Juveniles with Suspected Axial Spondyloarthritis: Opinion from the ESSR Arthritis and Pediatric Subcommittees Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-10 Iwona Sudoł-Szopińska, Nele Herregods, Anna Zejden, Lennart Jans, Chiara Giraudo, Mikael Boesen, Fabio Becce, Alberto Bazzocchi, Paolo Simoni, Pilar Aparisi, Jacob Jaremko, Mario Maas, James Teh, Kay-Geert Hermann, Flavia Menegotto, Amanda Isaac, Monique Reijnierse, Amit Shah, Winston Rennie, Anne Grethe Jurik
This opinion article by the European Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology Arthritis and Pediatric Subcommittees discusses the current use of conventional radiography (CR) of the sacroiliac joints in adults and juveniles with suspected axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). The strengths and limitations of CR compared with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) are presented. Based
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What the Musculoskeletal Radiologist Needs to Know About the Vascular Anatomy of the Spine and Spinal Cord Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-10
This article describes the vascular anatomy of the spine and spinal cord, highlighting key structures and anatomical variations relevant to musculoskeletal radiologists. It covers the arterial and venous drainage systems, along with examples of vascular conditions affecting the spine. Understanding the vascular anatomy of the spine and spinal cord is crucial for accurate interpretation of imaging studies
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Update on Pediatric Spine Imaging Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-10 Stijn Schatteman, Jacob Jaremko, Lennart Jans, Nele Herregods
The spine is often difficult to evaluate clinically in children, increasing the importance of diagnostic imaging to detect a wide variety of spinal disorders ranging from congenital abnormalities to severe infections. Clinical history and physical examination can help determine whether imaging is needed and which imaging technique would be best. The most common cause for back pain, even in children
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Results of an International Survey on Spinal Imaging by the ASNR/ASSR/ESNR/ESSR “Nomenclature 3.0” Working Group Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-10
Our goal was to determine if “Nomenclature 2.0,” the classification of lumbar disk pathology consensus, should be updated. We conducted a social media and e-mail-based survey on preferences regarding the use of classification on magnetic resonance spine reporting. Members of the European Society of Neuroradiology, European Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology, American Society of Neuroradiology, and
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Imaging the Posterior Elements of the Spine Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-10
The posterior elements of the spine consist of the pedicles, laminae, facets (articular processes), transverse processes, and the spinous process. They are essential for spinal stability, protecting the spinal cord and nerve roots, and enabling movement of the spine. Pathologies affecting the posterior elements can cause significant pain and disability. Imaging techniques, such as conventional radiography
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Crystal Diseases of the Spine Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-10 Anne Cotten, Simon Henry, Laura Scarciolla, Ralph Abou Diwan, Xavier Demondion, Sammy Badr
Gout, calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease, and apatite calcifications, the three main crystal disorders, may involve the spine. These disorders can be completely asymptomatic or associated with various clinical symptoms, such as acute flares and more chronic manifestations. This article presents the typical and more unusual imaging features encountered in these disorders.
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Scoliosis Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-10 Maxime Lacroix, Marc Khalifé, Emmanuelle Ferrero, Olivier Clément, Christelle Nguyen, Antoine Feydy
Scoliosis is a three-dimensional spinal deformity that can occur at any age. It may be idiopathic or secondary in children, idiopathic and degenerative in adults. Management of patients with scoliosis is multidisciplinary, involving rheumatologists, radiologists, orthopaedic surgeons, and prosthetists. Imaging plays a central role in diagnosis, including the search for secondary causes, follow-up,
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Scheuermann's Disease Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-10 Simranjeet Kaur, Radhesh Lalam
Scheuermann's disease is a rigid progressive kyphosis occurring in late childhood to adolescence. It is the most common cause of sagittal imbalance and angular progressive kyphosis in adolescents associated with back pain. The exact etiology of the disease is unclear, but it is characterized by defective growth of the end plate that may result from excessive mechanical stress on a weakened end plate
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Imaging in Whiplash-Associated Disorders Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-10
“Whiplash,” a term describing the severe acceleration and deceleration forces applied to the head, craniocervical junction (CCJ), and cervical spine during trauma, is one of the most frequent mechanisms of injury to the CCJ. The CCJ is a complex region at the transition of the cranium and the cervical spine, essential for maintaining craniocervical stability. In whiplash injuries, the CCJ may be compromised
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Imaging of the Craniocervical Junction: A Pictorial Review Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-10
The craniocervical junction (CCJ) is a complex anatomical structure comprising the occiput, the atlas, and the axis. The CCJ plays an important role in maintaining stability, providing protection, and supporting neurovascular structures. The CCJ can be affected by a wide range of congenital variants and traumatic, degenerative, inflammatory, and tumoral pathologies. This pictorial review the normal
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Complications of the Rigid Spine Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-10-10 Filip M. Vanhoenacker, Charlotte Vanhoenacker, Radhesh Lalam
We present a short overview of the most common causes and imaging findings of a rigid spine including long-standing spondylarthritis, diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis, and the less common ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament. The article also focuses on the pathogenesis and imaging findings of acute complications of the rigid spine due to fractures. These fractures may occur
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History Page: Leaders in MSK Radiology Maxime Ménard, 1872–1926 Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Filip M. Vanhoenacker, Antoine Feydy
This history page in the series “Leaders in Musculoskeletal Radiology” is dedicated to the memory and achievements of French radiologist Maxime Ménard, whose name is associated with the Shenton-Ménard line that Ménard described independently with the British radiologist Edward Shenton. This landmark line describes the relationship of the proximal femur to the acetabulum in hip dysplasia and fractures
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Paget's Disease or Densifying Metastasis: How to Sort It Out Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Marie Faruch Bilfeld, Franck Lapègue, Hélène Chiavassa Gandois, Céline Goumarre, Constance Lambeaux, Elorie Adamski, Antoine Fillole, Nicolas Sans
Although the prevalence of Paget's disease has decreased over the past 20 years, incidental discovery on imaging is not unusual. The challenge is to establish the diagnosis, especially in unusual forms that may be mistaken for metastases. This review describes the typical imaging features of Paget's disease and some rare presentations that may be more difficult to recognize.
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Initial Evaluation of Focal Bone Lesions: How Do We Do It? Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-25
Focal bone lesions are frequent, and management greatly depends on the characteristics of their images. After briefly discussing the required work-up, we analyze the most relevant imaging signs for assessing potential aggressiveness. We also describe the imaging aspects of the various types of lesion matrices and their clinical implications.
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Bone and Chronic Kidney Disease Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Marie-Hélène Lafage-Proust
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) induces mineral and bone disorders (CKD-MBD) that affect calcium and phosphate metabolism. This review links pathophysiology, histologic aspects, and radiologic signs. CKD leads to bone lesions, namely renal osteodystrophy, which may combine low or high bone remodeling, impaired mineralization, and bone loss. CKD-MBD also comprises vascular calcifications, which, together
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Bone in Anorexia Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Anne Miquel, Valérie Bousson
Anorexia nervosa is a feeding disorder involving intentional weight loss. Restricted dietary intake leads to disturbed bone metabolism due to various factors, notably endocrine, that affect bone microarchitecture and incur risk of fracture. Mild to moderate anorexia shows a paradoxical increase in bone marrow adipose tissue, whereas severe forms show gelatinous transformation known as serous atrophy
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Opportunistic Computed Tomography Screening for Osteoporosis and Fracture Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Daphne Guenoun, Pierre Champsaur
Osteoporosis is underdiagnosed and undertreated, leading to loss of treatment for the patient and high costs for the health care system. Routine thoracic and/or abdominal computed tomography (CT) performed for other indications can screen opportunistically for osteoporosis with no extra cost, time, or irradiation. Various methods can quantify fracture risk on opportunistic clinical CT: vertebral Hounsfield
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Brittle Bone Imaging: Diagnostic Procedures in Adults Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Catherine Cyteval, Paulina Szafors, Maxime Pastor
This article concentrates on generalized disorders causing bone fragility. The most frequent cause of brittle bone disease is osteoporosis, only diagnosed by elimination. First, malignant osteopathy must be ruled out: fracture on metastasis or multiple myeloma, which mimics osteoporosis when presenting as diffuse demineralization. Second, patients should be screened for signs of hyperparathyroidism
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Metaphyseal and Diaphyseal Contours: Variants and Pitfalls Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Anne Cotten, Nathalie Boutry, Xavier Demondion
We discuss several variants of the metaphyseal and diaphyseal bone surfaces that may be misleading in clinical practice. They include metaphyseal stripes, spiculated metaphyseal cortex, cortical desmoid, laminated lateral supracondylar ridge, cortical vascular canals, variations in shape or lucency of normal tuberosities, cortical thickening of normal ridges, and well-organized undulated hyperostosis
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Overview of Periosteal Reaction by Imaging Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Valérie Bousson, Damien Bisseret, Rachid Kaci
The periosteum is a membrane that covers almost all bones in the body. It is a living structure but attracts little attention unless it reacts excessively. We highlight the important points in the anatomy, histology, and physiology of the periosteum, the stimuli and various aspects of periosteal reaction, and the main conditions underlying periosteal reaction.
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Bone Tissue in Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Contribution of New Zero Echo Time Sequences Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Valérie Vuillemin, Henri Guerini, Fabrice Thévenin, Elodie Sibileau, Gabriel Corcos, Wassef Khaled, Frédéric Zeitoun, Gérard Morvan
The introduction of new ultrashort and zero echo time (ZTE) sequences is revolutionizing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and optimizing patient management. These sequences acquire signals in tissues with very short T2: mineralized bone, cortical bone, and calcium deposits. They can be added to a classic MRI protocol. ZTE MRI provides computed tomography–like contrast for bone.
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Computed Tomography Bone Imaging: Pushing the Boundaries in Clinical Practice Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Romain Gillet, Fatma Boubaker, Gabriela Hossu, Anthony Thay, Pierre Gillet, Alain Blum, Pedro Augusto Gondim Teixeira
Bone microarchitecture has several clinical implications over and above estimating bone strength. Computed tomography (CT) analysis mainly uses high-resolution peripheral quantitative CT and micro-CT, research imaging techniques, most often limited to peripheral skeleton assessment. Ultra-high-resolution (UHR) CT and photon-counting detector CT, two commercially available techniques, provide images
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Bone Revisited - Diagnostic Strategies and Specific Entities. Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Nicolas Sans,Anne Cotten
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History Page: Leaders in MSK Radiology Augusto Pellegrini, 1877–1958 Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-05-25 Filip M. Vanhoenacker, Alberto Bazzocchi, Giuseppe Guglielmi
This history page in the series “Leaders in MSK Radiology” is dedicated to the memory and achievements of the Italian surgeon Augusto Pellegrini, whose name is partially associated with the medical eponym Pellegrini-Stieda disease.
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Tardigrade and Manifold Sign: Two New Signs in Dupuytren's Disease Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-05-25 Pieter Reyntiens, Filip M. Vanhoenacker, Tjeerd Jager
Dupuytren's disease (DD) is a chronic benign fibroproliferative disorder of the palmar and digital fasciae. It is characterized by formation of nodules and fibrous cords that may eventually lead to contractures with permanent flexion of the finger joints. Correction of the flexion contractures in advanced disease is still performed by open limited fasciectomy; ultrasonography (US)-guided minimally
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Lunotriquetral Coalition Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-05-25 Kris Mertens, Marc Mespreuve, Filip M. Vanhoenacker
Lunotriquetral (LT) coalition is the most common carpal coalition. Four morphological types of LT coalition have been described. LT coalition is usually asymptomatic, but rarely a fibrocartilaginous type may cause ulnar wrist pain. We report a case of bilateral asymptomatic LT coalition that was seen incidentally on conventional radiography taken after a wrist injury. Conventional radiography is the
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Ankle and Foot Deformities in Children Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-05-25 Emilio J. Inarejos Clemente, Maria Pilar Aparisi Gómez, Jordi Catala March, Ricardo Restrepo
Ankle and foot deformity is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders in children and a leading cause of functional impairment and diminished quality of life when not treated. A spectrum of conditions may produce foot and ankle deformities, with congenital disorders the most frequent cause, followed by acquired conditions. Congenital disorders include congenital talipes equinovarus or congenital
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Ultrasonography-guided Intervention in the Achilles Tendon and Plantar Fascia Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-05-25 Silvia Martin, Javier Gomez Moriñigo
Tendinopathy is very common in the foot and ankle. Achilles tendinopathy is a painful overuse injury that often occurs in athletes, especially those who participate in running and jumping sports. Plantar fasciitis is the most frequent cause of plantar pain in the adult heel. Initial treatment of these conditions is conservative. However, in some cases symptoms only improve slowly, and many cases are
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Differential Diagnosis of Metatarsalgia Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-05-25 P. Diana Afonso, Sabrina Veras Britto, Charles E. Spritzer, Patrícia Martins e Souza
Lesser (or central) metatarsalgia is defined as pain in the forefoot under or around the lesser metatarsals and their respective metatarsophalangeal joints. Two common causes of central metatarsalgia are Morton's neuroma (MN) and plantar plate (PP) injury. Because both clinical and imaging features overlap, establishing the correct differential diagnosis may be challenging. Imaging has a pivotal role
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Ankle and Foot: Focus on Inflammatory Disease Semin. Musculoskelet. Radiol. (IF 1.4) Pub Date : 2023-05-25 Chiara Giraudo, Giulia Fichera, Sujata Ganguly, Moorthy Arumugam, Diego Cecchin, Winston J. Rennie
The ankle and foot have numerous bones and complex joints that can be affected by several types of inflammatory arthritis with different patterns and various radiologic signs, depending on the phase of the disease. Involvement of these joints is most frequently seen in peripheral spondyloarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis in adults and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in children. Although radiographs