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New treatments: Opportunities and challenges Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-14 Andrew T. Drysdale, Ellen Poleshuck, MaKenzie H. Ramsey, Catherine Monk
Across the spectrum of perinatal mental illness, there exist a variety of effective treatments. However, the available treatments are not always matched to the presentation, resources, constraints, or values of each patient. Furthermore, provider, local, and systemic factors complicate access to current treatment options. New and emerging approaches offer the potential of more effective treatment for
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Social determinants of perinatal mental health Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-14 Christina Pardo, Breanna Watson, Olga Pinkhasov, Aimee Afable
Social inequities and mental health are public health and medical conditions that are inextricably linked. Perinatal mental health is influenced by social, physical, and biological factors, with additional stressors related to pregnancy. The social determinants of health (SDOH) encompasses all conditions in which people live and grow, inclusive of cultural norms that reflect the diverse populations
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The importance of perinatal non-birthing parents’ mental health and involvement for family health Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-14 Sheehan D. Fisher, Tova Walsh, Clare Wongwai
Perinatal mental health research typically focuses on the birthing parent's experiences and their influence on birth/child outcomes, while not considering non-birthing parents in similar depth. Non-birthing parents are also at increased risk for mental illness during the perinatal period, and non-birthing parents’ health and involvement affect the health of birthing people, fetuses, and newborns, necessitating
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A global perspective: Access to mental health care for perinatal populations Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-14 Claire A Wilson, Margaret Bublitz, Prabha Chandra, Sarah Hanley, Simone Honikman, Sarah Kittel-Schneider, Sarah Cristina Zanghellini Rückl, Patricia Leahy-Warren, Nancy Byatt
Perinatal mental health care differs around the world. We provide a global perspective on the current status of service provision, barriers and facilitators to access, and strategies to improve access in high-income and low- and middle-income countries across five continents (Asia, Africa, Europe, North America and South America). Many of the countries considered do not have universal healthcare coverage
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Preventive interventions for perinatal mood and anxiety disorders: A review of selected programs Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-14 Elizabeth Werner, Huynh-Nhu Le, Vanessa Babineau, Myrriam Grubb
Perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMADs) have high prevalence rates and profound deleterious effects on birthing people, families, and society. Counseling interventions have been shown to be effective and carry minimal risk. We review here the protocols and clinical trial data of four preventive counseling interventions that are effective at preventing PMADs. We present the Mothers and Babies (MB)
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The role of sleep protection in preventing and treating postpartum depression Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-14 Nicole Leistikow, Milena H. Smith
Postpartum sleep disruption is a risk factor for postpartum depression (PPD) as well as a potential treatment target. In the first 6 months after delivery, when the risk of PPD is greatest, fragmented maternal sleep is most often related to necessary infant night feedings. Clinicians’ conversations about planning for and navigating postpartum sleep should include questions about patient expectations
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Prenatal depression outcomes in the next generation: A critical review of recent DOHaD studies and recommendations for future research Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-14 M.T. van Dijk, A. Talati, P. Gonzalez Barrios, A.J. Crandall, C. Lugo-Candelas
Prenatal depression, a common pregnancy-related risk with a prevalence of 10–20 %, may affect utero development and socioemotional and neurodevelopmental outcomes in the next generation. Although there is a growing body of work that suggests prenatal depression has an independent and long-lasting effect on offspring outcomes, important questions remain, and findings often do not converge. The present
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Reproductive psychiatry training: A critical component of access to perinatal mental health treatment Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-14 Sarah Nagle-Yang, Lindsay G. Lebin, Lindsay R. Standeven, Megan Howard, Marika Toscano
Perinatal Mental Health Disorders (PMHDs) pose significant challenges to the well-being of perinatal individuals, infants, and families. Despite their prevalence and impact, PMHDs often go undetected and untreated due to gaps in clinician education and training. This manuscript reviews the current state of perinatal mental health training, identifies emerging initiatives, and discusses innovative models
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Maternal mental health as a major contributor to maternal mortality Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-14 Lauren A. Gimbel, Sarah J. Weingarten, Marcela C. Smid, M. Camille Hoffman
Perinatal mental health conditions affect up to 20 % of pregnant or postpartum individuals, and nearly 15 % of pregnant individuals meet criteria for substance use disorder (SUD). All providers taking care of pregnant or postpartum individuals will encounter patients in these scenarios. Maternal Mortality Review Committees (MMRCs) have determined maternal mental health conditions, including SUD, to
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Models of care: Opportunities and challenges Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-14 Victoria Adewale, Rodolfo Fernandez-Criado, Alexandra Turco, Cynthia Battle, Ana Sofia De Brito, Emily Feinberg, Emily S Miller
Perinatal mental health models can broadly be described by scope and structure. Within these two broad domains lies an array of diverse methodologies that have attempted to increase access and coordination of care. These efforts have uncovered many opportunities that, if addressed, may improve our current parent and infant outcomes within our healthcare system and community. Furthermore, there are
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Perinatal mental health: Research that moves the agenda forward Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-14 Lauren M. Osborne, Catherine Monk
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The parental brain, perinatal mental illness, and treatment: A review of key structural and functional changes Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-14 Jodi L. Pawluski
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A systematic review of community-based interventions to address perinatal mental health Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-14 Jihye Kim Scroggins, Sarah E. Harkins, Sevonna Brown, Victoria St. Clair, Guramrit K. LeBron, Veronica Barcelona
Little is known about the scope and effectiveness of community-based interventions to address maternal perinatal mental health in the US. We searched PubMed, CINAHL, and PsychINFO in January 2024 to conduct a systematic review of studies using community-based interventions for maternal mental health from pregnancy to 1 year postpartum in the US. We reviewed 22 quantitative studies, and assessed methodological
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How do we reach the goal of personalized medicine for neuroprotection in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy? Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-19 Kelly Q. Zhou, Simerdeep K. Dhillon, Laura Bennet, Joanne O. Davidson, Alistair J. Gunn
Therapeutic hypothermia is now standard of care for neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in high income countries (HIC). Conversely, compelling trial evidence suggests that hypothermia is ineffective, and may be deleterious, in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), likely reflecting the lower proportion of infants who had sentinel events at birth, suggesting that injury had advanced
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Parental impact during and after neonatal intensive care admission Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-14 Danielle Guez-Barber, Betsy Pilon
Parents play a pivotal role in neurodevelopmental outcomes of their children in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and beyond. Integration of parents in clinical care and research is synergistic. Engaged parents yield more comprehensive clinical care and more robust and meaningful research products. Subsequently, successful clinical and research efforts improve outcomes for children. We review
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Effects of pain, sedation and analgesia on neonatal brain injury and brain development Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-13 Thiviya Selvanathan, Steven P. Miller
Critically ill newborns experience numerous painful procedures as part of lifesaving care in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. However, painful exposures in the neonatal period have been associated with alterations in brain maturation and poorer neurodevelopmental outcomes in childhood. The most frequently used medications for pain and sedation in the NICU are opioids, benzodiazepines and sucrose;
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Protecting and healing the newborn brain through non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic measures Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-13 Eric S. Peeples, Sarah E. Kolnik
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Mesenchymal Stromal Cell therapy for Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy: Future directions for combination therapy with hypothermia and/or melatonin Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-13 Alison Mintoft, Antoine Vallatos, Nicola J. Robertson
Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) remains a leading cause of neonatal mortality and lifelong disability across the world. While therapeutic hypothermia (HT) is beneficial, it is only partially protective and adjuvant treatments that further improve outcomes are urgently needed. In high-income countries where HT is standard care, novel treatments are tested in conjunction with HT. Mesenchymal stromal
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Nutrition and the gut-brain axis in neonatal brain injury and development Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-13 Krystle M. Perez, Katie M. Strobel, D. Taylor Hendrixson, Olivia Brandon, Amy B. Hair, Redeat Workneh, Mahlet Abayneh, Sushma Nangia, Rebecca Hoban, Sarah Kolnik, Sharla Rent, Ariel Salas, Shalini Ojha, Gregory C. Valentine
Early nutritional exposures, including during embryogenesis and the immediate postnatal period, affect offspring outcomes in both the short- and long-term. Alterations of these modifiable exposures shape the developing gut microbiome, intestinal development, and even neurodevelopmental outcomes. A gut-brain axis exists, and it is intricately connected to early life feeding and nutritional exposures
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Racial and geographic disparities in neonatal brain care Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-13 Zachary A. Vesoulis, Stephanie Diggs, Cherise Brackett, Brynne Sullivan
In this review, we explore race-based disparities in neonatology and their impact on brain injury and neurodevelopmental outcomes. We discuss the historical context of healthcare discrimination, focusing on the post-Civil War era and the segregation of healthcare facilities. We highlight the increasing disparity in infant mortality rates between Black and White infants, with premature birth being a
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Standardizing clinician training and patient care in the neonatal neurocritical care: A step-by-step guide Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-13 Khorshid Mohammad
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Disparities in perinatal COVID-19 infection and vaccination Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-08 Bethany Dubois, Alexandra N. Mills, Rebecca H. Jessel, Whitney Lieb, Kimberly B. Glazer
The COVID-19 pandemic exposed and exacerbated persistent health inequities in perinatal populations, resulting in disparities of maternal and fetal complications. In this narrative review, we present an adapted conceptual framework of perinatal social determinants of health in the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic and use this framework to contextualize the literature regarding disparities in COVID-19
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Neonatal and infant infection with SARS-CoV-2 Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-06 Logan P. Grimes, Jeffrey S. Gerber
Despite the substantial body of investigative work describing the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, its impact on neonates and infants remains less well characterized. Here, we review the data on epidemiology of COVID-19 in this population. Widespread use of universal testing for SARS-CoV-2 among pregnant persons presenting for delivery complicates interpretation of the risks of perinatal
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Impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy on the placenta and fetus Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-06 Amanda Li, David A. Schwartz, Andrew Vo, Roslyn VanAbel, Celeste Coler, Edmunda Li, Bryan Lukman, Briana Del Rosario, Ashley Vong, Miranda Li, Kristina M. Adams Waldorf
Pregnant people and their fetuses are vulnerable to adverse health outcomes from coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) due to infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 has been associated with higher rates of maternal mortality, preterm birth, and stillbirth. While SARS-CoV-2 infection of the placenta and vertical transmission is rare, this may be due to
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Perinatal COVID-19: Implications for care of the newborn Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-06 Dustin D. Flannery, Neil C. Shah, Karen M. Puopolo
The maternal/newborn dyad presents special challenges to infection management. Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, lack of information regarding SARS-CoV-2 transmission and virulence made it difficult to develop appropriate care guidance when pregnant persons had COVID-19 at the time of presentation for childbirth. We will review the considerations for the parturient, newborn, and care team, and describe
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COVID-19 therapeutics for the pregnant patient Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-06 Jourdan E. Triebwasser, Jill K. Davies, Ajleeta Nestani
SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause severe disease among pregnant persons. Pregnant persons were not included in initial studies of therapeutics for COVID-19, but cumulative experience demonstrates that most are safe for pregnant persons and the fetus, and effective for prevention or treatment of severe COVID-19.
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Neonatal-perinatal collaboration during the COVID-19 pandemic Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-06 Miller K, Kimberlin DW, Arora N, Puopolo KM
The COVID-19 pandemic required perinatal clinicians to address the individual medical needs of the pregnant person and the fetus as well as the interdependent considerations of the maternal/newborn dyad. Regional, national and international collaborative groups utilized existing structures and in some cases, formed new partnerships to rapidly collect perinatal information. The urgent need to care for
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Building a NICU quality & safety infrastructure Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 Jessica Davidson, Yogangi Malhotra, Rebecca Shay, Athis Arunachalam, David Sink, James S. Barry, Jeffrey Meyers
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Standards for Levels of Neonatal Care, published in 2023, highlights key components of a Neonatal Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Program (NPSQIP). A comprehensive Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) quality and safety infrastructure (QSI) is based on four foundational domains: quality improvement, quality assurance, safety culture, and clinical guidelines
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Quality improvement and outcomes for neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: obstetrics and neonatal perspectives Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-20 Afifi J, Shivananda S, Wintermark P, Wood S, Brain P, Mohammad K
Despite significant improvement in perinatal care and research, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) remains a global healthcare challenge. From both published research and reports of QI initiatives, we have identified a number of distinct opportunities that can serve as targets of quality improvement (QI) initiatives focused on reducing HIE. Specifically, (i) implementation of perinatal interventions
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Growing together: Optimization of care through quality improvement for the mother/infant dyad affected by perinatal opioid use Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Megan R. Miller, Kathryn Dee L. MacMillan
The care of the dyad affected by opioid use disorder (OUD) requires a multi-disciplinary approach that can be challenging for institutions to develop and maintain. However, over the years, many institutions have developed quality improvement (QI) initiatives aimed at improving outcomes for the mother, baby, and family. Over time, QI efforts targeting OUD in the perinatal period have evolved from focusing
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Quality improvement efforts directed at optimal umbilical cord management in delivery room Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Priya Jegatheesan, Henry C. Lee, Andrea Jelks, Dongli Song
Delayed or deferred cord clamping (DCC) and umbilical cord milking (UCM) benefit all infants by optimizing fetal-neonatal transition and placental transfusion. Even though DCC is recommended by almost all maternal and neonatal organizations, it has not been universally implemented. There is considerable variation in umbilical cord management practices across institutions. In this article, we provide
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Alliance for Innovation on Maternal Health: Evolution of a program to address maternal morbidity and mortality Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Christie Allen, Isabel Taylor, Amy Ushry
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Perinatal quality improvement: Progress, challenges, and future directions Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Munish Gupta, Heather C. Kaplan
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A guide to critical appraisal of quality improvement reports Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Colby Day, Jeffrey Meyers, Heather C. Kaplan
Quality improvement (QI) has become an integral part of healthcare. Despite efforts to improve the reporting of QI through frameworks such as the SQUIRE 2.0 guidelines, there is no standard or well-accepted guide to evaluate published QI for rigor, validity, generalizability, and applicability. User's Guides for evaluation of published clinical research have been employed routinely for over 25 years;
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Using quality improvement to address social determinants of health needs in perinatal care Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 Patricia Lee King, Aleena Surenian, Renee M. Odom, Kshama Shah, SuYeon Lee, Elena Jenkins, Ann Borders
There are unacceptable racial inequities in perinatal outcomes in the United States. Social determinants of health (SDOH) are associated with health outcomes and contribute to disparities in maternal and newborn health. In this article, we (1) review the literature on SDOH improvement in the perinatal space, (2) describe the SDOH work facilitated by the Illinois Perinatal Quality Collaborative (ILPQC)
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The entwined circles of quality improvement & advocacy Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 Shetal Shah, Lily Lou
Health policy and quality improvement initiatives exist symbiotically. Quality projects can be spurred by policy decisions, such as the creation of financial incentives for high-value care. Then, advocacy can streamline high-value care, offering opportunities for quality improvement scholars to create projects consistent with evidenced-based care. Thirdly, as pediatrics and neonatology reconcile with
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Improving parental mental health in the perinatal period: A review and analysis of quality improvement initiatives Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 Sofia I. Perazzo, Margaret K. Hoge, Richard J. Shaw, Veronica Gillispie-Bell, Lamia Soghier
Parental mental health is an essential sixth vital sign that, when taken into consideration, allows clinicians to improve clinical outcomes for both parents and infants. Although standards exist for screening, referral, and treatment for perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMADs), they are not reliably done in practice, and even when addressed, interventions are often minimal in scope. Quality improvement
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Long-term outcomes of infants with severe BPD Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-29 Joseph M. Collaco, Sharon A. McGrath-Morrow
Preterm birth disrupts the normal sequence of lung development. Additionally, interventions that support gas exchange, including positive pressure ventilation and supplemental oxygen can further exacerbate lung injury, increasing the risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in infants born preterm. Approximately 50,000 preterm infants each year in the United States develop BPD. Heterogeneous
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Novel forms of ventilation in neonates: Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist and proportional assist ventilation Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 R.L. McKinney, L. Wallström, S.E. Courtney, R. Sindelar
Patient-triggered modes of ventilation are currently the standard of practice in the care of term and preterm infants. Maintaining spontaneous breathing during mechanical ventilation promotes earlier weaning and possibly reduces ventilator-induced diaphragmatic dysfunction. A further development of assisted ventilation provides support in proportion to the respiratory effort and enables the patient
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Mechanical ventilation in special populations Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Hyayan Zhang, Martin Keszler
Optimal respiratory support can only be achieved if the ventilator strategy utilized for each individual patient at any given point in the evolution of their disease process is tailored to the underlying pathophysiology. The critically ill newborn infant requires individualized patient care when it comes to mechanical ventilation. This can only occur if the clinician has a good understanding of the
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Volume-targeted ventilation Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-24 Martin Keszler, M. Kabir Abubakar
Despite strong evidence of important benefits of volume-targeted ventilation, many high-risk extremely preterm infants continue to receive traditional pressure-controlled ventilation in the United States and elesewhere. Reluctance to abandon one's comfort zone, lack of suitable equipment and a lack of understanding of the subtleties of volume-targeted ventilation appear to contribute to the relatively
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Neonatal high frequency ventilation: Current trends and future directions Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-23 Sherry E. Courtney, Anton H. van Kaam, J. Jane Pillow
High frequency ventilation (HFV) in neonates has been in use for over forty years. Some early HFV ventilators are no longer available, but high frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) and jet ventilators (HFJV) continue to be commonly employed. Advanced HFOV models available outside of the United States are much quieter and easier to use, and are available as options on many conventional ventilators
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Non-invasive versus invasive respiratory support in preterm infants Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-23 Brett J. Manley, Emily Cripps, Peter A. Dargaville
Respiratory insufficiency is almost ubiquitous in infants born preterm, with its incidence increasing with lower gestational age. A wide range of respiratory support management strategies are available for these infants, separable into non-invasive and invasive forms of respiratory support. Here we review the history and evolution of respiratory care for the preterm infant and then examine evidence
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Evolution of mechanical ventilation of the newborn infant Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-23 Mark C. Mammel
Artificial ventilation of the newborn infant is the foundation of neonatology. Early practitioners included pediatricians, anesthesiologists, cardiologists, respiratory therapists, and engineers. The discovery of surfactant, followed by the death of Patrick Kennedy, jump-started the new area, with investment and research rapidly expanding. The ever more complex design of mechanical ventilators necessitated
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Weaning from mechanical ventilation and assessment of extubation readiness Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-23 Guilherme Sant'Anna, Wissam Shalish
Tremendous advancements in neonatal respiratory care have contributed to the improved survival of extremely preterm infants (gestational age ≤ 28 weeks). While mechanical ventilation is often considered one of the most important breakthroughs in neonatology, it is also associated with numerous short and long-term complications. For those reasons, clinical research has focused on strategies to avoid
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Introduction Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-20 Uma M. Reddy, Robert M. Silver
Abstract not available
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Racial and ethnic inequities in stillbirth in the US: Looking upstream to close the gap: Seminars in Perinatology Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-20 Michelle P Debbink, Kaitlyn K. Stanhope, Carol J.R. Hogue
Though stillbirth rates in the United States improved over the previous decades, inequities in stillbirth by race and ethnicity have persisted nearly unchanged since data collection began. Black and Indigenous pregnant people face a two-fold greater risk of experiencing the devastating consequences of stillbirth compared to their White counterparts. Because race is a social rather than biological construct
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Care in pregnancy after stillbirth Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-20 Alexander E.P. Heazell, Rebecca Barron, Megan E Fockler
Pregnancy after stillbirth is associated with increased risk of stillbirth and other adverse pregnancy outcomes including fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia, and preterm birth in subsequent pregnancies. In addition, pregnancy after stillbirth is associated with emotional and psychological challenges for women and their families. This manuscript summarizes information available to guide clinicians
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Stillbirth and the placenta Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Jerri A Waller, George Saade
Stillbirth affects a large proportion of pregnancies world-wide annually and continues to be a major public health concern. Several causes of stillbirth have been identified and include obstetrical complications, placental abnormalities, fetal malformations, infections, and medical complications in pregnancy. Placental abnormalities such as placental abruption, chorioangioma, vasa previa, and umbilical
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International progress on stillbirth reduction: Changes in Stillbirth Rates in Selected Low and Middle-Income Countries from 2000 to 2021 Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Robert L. Goldenberg, Sarah Saleem, Aleha Aziz, Elizabeth M. McClure
In this paper, we attempted to determine if there were reductions in low and middle – income country stillbirth rates since 2000 - focusing on sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and Latin America and the Caribbean. We used data made available by the United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation and the World Health Organization as well as the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
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Fusing stillbirth parent advocacy and epidemiology to address the US stillbirth crisis Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Debbie Haine Vijayvergiya, Lauren Christiansen-Lindquist
This narrative describes how a stillbirth advocate and an epidemiologist have worked together to advocate for federal legislation to address stillbirth in the United States. It alternates between each of their perspectives to illustrate how they have leveraged their complementary skills and experiences with the hope that fewer families will experience the tragedy of stillbirth.
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U.S. stillbirth surveillance: The national fetal death file and other data sources Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Elizabeth C.W. Gregory, Wanda D. Barfield
The National Vital Statistics System is the primary source of information on fetal deaths of 20 weeks of gestation or more in the United States. Data are cooperatively produced by jurisdiction vital statistics offices and the National Center for Health Statistics. In order to promote the uniformity of data, the National Center for Health Statistics issues The Model State Vital Statistics Act and Regulations
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Predicting and preventing stillbirth at term Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Gordon C.S. Smith
Stillbirth at term affects ∼1 per 1000 pregnancies at term in high income countries. A range of maternal characteristics are associated with stillbirth risk. However, given the low a priori risk of stillbirth, the vast majority of women with clinical risk factors would not experience a stillbirth in the absence of intervention. Stillbirth is the end point of multiple pathways, including both fetal
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Stillbirth risk factors, causes and evaluation Semin. Perinatol. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Christy Gandhi, Jessica Page
Stillbirth impacts 5.73 per 1,000 births in the United States and this rate exceeds that of contemporary high-resource countries.1,2 Risk factors include both demographic and medical characteristics. There are also numerous pathophysiologic mechanisms that can lead to stillbirth. Unfortunately, these risk factors are fairly common, making stillbirth risk stratification and prevention challenging. This