Suppressing errors is the central challenge for useful quantum computing1, requiring quantum error correction2,3,4,5,6 for large-scale processing. However, the overhead in the realization of error-corrected “logical” qubits, where information is encoded across many physical qubits for redundancy2,3,4, poses significant challenges to large-scale logical quantum computing. Here we report the realization

Recently, several studies using cultures of human embryos together with single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) analyses have revealed differences between humans and mice, necessitating the study of human embryos 1-8. Despite the importance of human embryology, ethical and legal restrictions have limited post-implantation stage studies. Thus, recent efforts have focused on developing in vitro self-organising

Determining structure and phenotypic context of molecules detected in untargeted metabolomics experiments remains challenging. Here, we present reverse metabolomics as a discovery strategy, where MS/MS spectra are acquired from newly synthesized compounds and searched for in public metabolomics data to uncover phenotypic associations. To demonstrate the concept, we broadly synthesized and explored

The expansion of the neocortex, a hallmark of mammalian evolution1,2, was accompanied by an increase in cerebellar neuron numbers3. However, little is known about the evolution of the cellular programs underlying cerebellum development in mammals. In this study, we generated single-nucleus RNA-sequencing data for ~400,000 cells to trace cerebellum development from early neurogenesis to adulthood in

It was recently shown that bacteria employ, apart from CRISPR-Cas and restriction systems, a considerable diversity of phage resistance systems1–4, but it is largely unknown how phages cope with this multilayered bacterial immunity. Here, we analyzed groups of closely related Bacillus phages that showed differential sensitivity to bacterial defense systems, and discovered four distinct families of

Bacteria encode hundreds of diverse defense systems that protect from viral infection and inhibit phage propagation1–5. Gabija is one of the most prevalent anti-phage defense systems, occurring in >15% of all sequenced bacterial and archaeal genomes1,6,7, but the molecular basis of how Gabija defends cells from viral infection remains poorly understood. Here we use X-ray crystallography and cryo-EM

WASP-107b is a warm ( ~ 740 K) transiting planet with a Neptune-like mass of ~ 30.5 M⊕ and Jupiter-like radius of ~ 0.94 RJ 1,2 whose extended atmosphere is eroding 3. Previous observations showed evidence for water vapour and a thick high-altitude condensate layer in WASP-107b’s atmosphere 4,5. Recently, photochemically produced sulphur dioxide (SO2) was detected in the atmosphere of a hot ( ~ 1,200

Recent years have seen revived interest in computer-assisted organic synthesis1,2. The use of reaction-network and neural-network algorithms which can plan multi-step synthetic pathways have revolutionized this field1,3-7, including examples leading to advanced natural products6,7. Such methods typically operate on full, literature-derived “substrate(s)-to-product” reaction rules and cannot be easily