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CD28 co-stimulation: novel insights and applications in cancer immunotherapy Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-25 Michael T. Lotze, Scott H. Olejniczak, Dimitris Skokos
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Pyroptotic cell products promote tissue repair Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-24 Yvonne Bordon
The pyroptotic secretome can be beneficial in promoting tissue repair.
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How bile acids and the microbiota interact to shape host immunity Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-15 Michael H. Lee, Sean-Paul Nuccio, Ipsita Mohanty, Lee R. Hagey, Pieter C. Dorrestein, Hiutung Chu, Manuela Raffatellu
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Elixir for DCs Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-12 Lucy Bird
Age-associated defects in dendritic cells can be corrected by hyperactivating adjuvants containing an oxidized phospholipid to induce effective antitumour responses in mice.
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Understanding NK cell heterogeneity Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-12 Alexandra Flemming
Two papers in Nature Immunology provide a comprehensive atlas of human natural killer cells in health and in different types of cancer.
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Online immunology education for a global world Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-12 Nicolas Vabret, Jaime Mateus-Tique, Hélène Salmon, Jérôme C. Martin, Véronique Mateo, Sandra Serrano, François Lemoine, Roger Chammas, Miriam Merad
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Spatial adaptation of eosinophils and their emerging roles in homeostasis, infection and disease Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-09 Isabelle C. Arnold, Ariel Munitz
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Defining myeloid-derived suppressor cells Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-05 Leila Akkari, Ido Amit, Vincenzo Bronte, Zvi G. Fridlender, Dmitry I. Gabrilovich, Florent Ginhoux, Catherine C. Hedrick, Suzanne Ostrand-Rosenberg
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are cells of neutrophil and monocyte lineages with potent immunosuppressive activity. Numerous studies in mice and humans have identified important roles for MDSCs in suppressing the antitumour response and determining the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies. However, there is still much controversy regarding their identity, ontogeny and functions that must be
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Rethinking pDCs: a questionable ally in immunity? Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-04 Ester Gea-Mallorquí, Sarah Rowland-Jones
A preprint by Ngo et al. reports a new mouse model for the constitutive depletion of pDCs, showing that pDCs are dispensable for antiviral immunity.
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Microbiota licenses protective CD8+ T cell responses against neonatal influenza Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-04 Boyan K. Tsankov, Dana J. Philpott
A preprint by Stevens et al. establishes a novel mechanism by which the gut micobiota provides protection against neonatal respiratory tract infection.
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An ILC3-intrinsic, CTLA4-dependent intestinal checkpoint Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-04 Kirsty Minton
Ahmed et al. report that IL-23-dependent CTLA4 expression by ILC3s restrains T cell-mediated inflammation in the intestine.
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Actin branching maintains tissue-resident mast cells Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-02 Louis Ngai, Arthur Mortha
A preprint by Kaltenbach et al. shows a role for cytoskeletal control mechanisms in contributing to the tissue maintenance of mast cells.
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Single-cell analysis in rheumatic and allergic diseases: insights for clinical practice Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-06-24 Masayuki Nishide, Hiroshi Shimagami, Atsushi Kumanogoh
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Engineered γδ T cells show promise in bone tumours Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-06-11 Alexandra Flemming
An adoptive cellular therapy based on γδ T cells, which were engineered to secrete a tumour-targeting opsonin as well as an IL-15 superagonist, controlled tumour growth in a mouse model of patient-derived osteosarcoma.
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Heart failure affects innate immune memory Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-06-11 Alexandra Flemming
A study by Nakayama et al. shows that heart failure causes epigenetic changes in haematopoietic stem cells that predispose to further heart disease and comorbidity.
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The impact of Plasmodium-driven immunoregulatory networks on immunity to malaria Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-06-11 Michelle J. Boyle, Christian R. Engwerda, Prasanna Jagannathan
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CAR T cells take to the airways Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-06-10 Yvonne Bordon
CAR T cell therapy alleviates type 2 airway inflammation in mouse models of asthma.
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Ultra-processed foods: increasing the risk of inflammation and immune dysregulation? Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-06-03 Katherine A. Maki, Michael N. Sack, Kevin D. Hall
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Chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy for autoimmune disease Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-06-03 James B. Chung, Jennifer N. Brudno, Dominic Borie, James N. Kochenderfer
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A guide to adaptive immune memory Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-06-03 Nora Lam, YoonSeung Lee, Donna L. Farber
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Stiff tumours exhaust T cells Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-31 Lucy Bird
CD8+ T cells become exhausted when exposed to the mechanical forces of stiff solid tumours, owing to signalling through the transcription factor OSR2.
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Breast cancer-associated fibroblasts maintain self-renewing immunosuppressive macrophages Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-24 Anthony Altieri, Matthew B. Buechler
A preprint by Ben-Chetrit et al. investigates the molecular and cellular mechanisms that regulate macrophage heterogeneity in solid breast cancer tumours.
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Intestinal tuft cells: weep, sweep … secrete Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-24 Kirsty Minton
Two papers in Immunity report the effects of acetylcholine secretion by intestinal tuft cells on epithelial cells and helminths that contribute to the anti-helminth response.
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Universal LIPSTIC: a new tool for decoding cellular interactions Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-23 Sandra Nakandakari-Higa
In this Tools of the Trade article, Sandra Nakandakari-Higa (of the Gabriel Victora lab) describes the latest version of their LIPSTIC technique for tracking diverse cell–cell interactions in vivo.
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Connecting vitamin D, the microbiome and anticancer immunity Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Alexandra Flemming
Vitamin D has a role in immune modulation and in shaping commensal microbial communities. Reis e Sousa and colleagues show that mice lacking Gc globulin (Gc−/− mice), which regulates vitamin D availability, display enhanced tumour resistance. Intriguingly, co-housed wild-type mice, as well as mice that receive a faecal transfer from Gc−/− mice, also exhibit enhanced tumour immunity. The authors found
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How the brain regulates inflammation Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Alexandra Flemming
Infections can activate neural circuits that mediate responses such as fever and malaise. Jin et al. describe a body-to-brain neural circuit that informs the brain of emerging inflammatory responses. Intraperitoneal injection of mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or other immune insults was shown to activate specific neurons in the caudal nucleus of the solitary tract (cNST) in the brainstem. Genetic
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Time of day determines cancer immunotherapy response Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Alexandra Flemming
Wang et al. show that immune cell infiltration of tumours, as well as immune cell phenotype, oscillate in a circadian manner, which can be harnessed to optimize cancer immunotherapy. In a mouse model of melanoma, the numbers of tumour infiltrating leukocytes (TILs) peaked in the evening, and this was due to fluctuating levels of the adhesion molecule ICAM-1 on endothelial cells. Treatment with chimeric
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Protect the periportals Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Yvonne Bordon
Commensal bacteria induce liver macrophages that protect the tissue against inflammation.
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Atypical chemokine receptors in the immune system Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-07 Iain Comerford, Shaun R. McColl
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Defining the balance between optimal immunity and immunopathology in influenza virus infection Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-02 Thi H. O. Nguyen, Louise C. Rowntree, Brendon Y. Chua, Ryan S. Thwaites, Katherine Kedzierska
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Opportunities and challenges for T cell-based influenza vaccines Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-02 Tim R. Mosmann, Andrew J. McMichael, Alexandre LeVert, John W. McCauley, Jeffrey W. Almond
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DAMP sensing and sterile inflammation: intracellular, intercellular and inter-organ pathways Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-29 Yi Huang, Wei Jiang, Rongbin Zhou
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Noncanonical inflammasome mediates BBB breakdown Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-26 Kirsty Minton
Wei et al. report a role for membrane perforation mediated by gasdermin D pores in disruption of the blood–brain barrier.
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FAS signalling pathway is crucial for CAR T cell persistence Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-26 Robyn Loves, Eyal Grunebaum
A preprint by Yi et al. shows a role for the FAS signalling pathway in controlling the persistence of CAR-modified lymphocytes.
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Harnessing our lived experience for science communication Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Adrian Liston
Adrian Liston, professor of pathology at the University of Cambridge, UK, has published several illustrated children’s books on the topic of vaccination and has developed a computer game called ‘VirusFighter’. Here, he shares his thoughts on how to become an effective science communicator.
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Weaker skin immunity in males due to androgen effects on ILC2s Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Lucy Bird
Sex hormones in male mice negatively regulate type 2 innate lymphoid cells in the skin, impairing the induction and activation of dendritic cells and thereby contributing to differences in immunity in males and females.
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Engineering immune-evasive allogeneic cellular immunotherapies Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Karen E. Martin, Quirin Hammer, Karlo Perica, Michel Sadelain, Karl-Johan Malmberg
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Cancer cell metabolism and antitumour immunity Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-22 Mara De Martino, Jeffrey C. Rathmell, Lorenzo Galluzzi, Claire Vanpouille-Box
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Neuronal TLR9 signalling crucial for memory formation Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Alexandra Flemming
Memories are encoded by microcircuits of hippocampal neurons. These cells undergo energy-intensive molecular adaptations during learning that can result in transient DNA damage. Jovasevic et al. show that contextual fear conditioning in mice induces the formation of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) breaks and gene signatures of inflammation in hippocampal CA1 excitatory neurons. These cells also upregulate
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Tumour cell consumption of taurine exhausts CD8+ T cells Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Alexandra Flemming
The amino acid taurine is marketed as a nutritional supplement. Cao et al. now show that taurine can enhance the malignant behaviour of cancer cells, but also increase the survival and effector functions of CD8+ T cells. In mouse models of gastric cancer and melanoma, intratumoural injection of taurine promoted tumour growth in immunocompromised mice, but inhibited tumour growth in immunocompetent
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Bacterial serotonin induces Treg cells in neonates Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Alexandra Flemming
The gut microbiota has a crucial role in immune development in early life. Sanidad et al. show that the mouse neonatal small intestine has a distinct microbiota compared with the adult small intestine and is enriched in neurotransmitters, including serotonin (5-HT). Both human and mouse neonates were found to have an increased abundance of 5-HT-producing bacteria in the small intestine. Gut bacteria
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Rejuvenating an old immune system Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Yvonne Bordon
Depletion of myeloid-biased haematopoietic stem cells can mitigate age-associated immune dysfunction.
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Generating prophylactic immunity against arboviruses in vertebrates and invertebrates Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Daniel J. Rawle, Leon E. Hugo, Abigail L. Cox, Gregor J. Devine, Andreas Suhrbier
The World Health Organization recently declared a global initiative to control arboviral diseases. These are mainly caused by pathogenic flaviviruses (such as dengue, yellow fever and Zika viruses) and alphaviruses (such as chikungunya and Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses). Vaccines represent key interventions for these viruses, with licensed human and/or veterinary vaccines being available for
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Short-chain fatty acids: linking diet, the microbiome and immunity Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Elizabeth R. Mann, Ying Ka Lam, Holm H. Uhlig
The short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) butyrate, propionate and acetate are microbial metabolites and their availability in the gut and other organs is determined by environmental factors, such as diet and use of antibiotics, that shape the diversity and metabolism of the microbiota. SCFAs regulate epithelial barrier function as well as mucosal and systemic immunity via evolutionary conserved processes
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PANINI: Combined protein and nucleic acid imaging in tissues Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Sizun Jiang
Sizun Jiang (while in the Garry Nolan lab) describes a method termed PANINI that allows simultaneous detection of nucleic acids at low copy numbers and protein markers in intact tissues, offering valuable insights into virus–immune system interactions and beyond.
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A pre-TCRα-independent pathway of αβ T cell differentiation Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Kirsty Minton
A study in Science reports 10 individuals with pre-TCRα deficiency who have late-onset or no clinical phenotype, which suggests that αβ T cells can develop through a pre-TCRα-independent, non-canonical rescue pathway.
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Bone marrow inflammation in haematological malignancies Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Madelon M. E. de Jong, Lanpeng Chen, Marc H. G. P. Raaijmakers, Tom Cupedo
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Strategies for targeting cytokines in inflammatory bowel disease Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Markus F. Neurath
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Breaking tolerance: the autoimmune aspect of atherosclerosis Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Amir Khan, Payel Roy, Klaus Ley
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Regulation of innate-like activities of neonatal CD8+ T cells Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Alexandra Flemming
Recent studies have shown that neonatal CD8+ T cells can undergo ‘bystander activation’ in response to inflammatory cytokines and produce effector molecules such as IFNγ and granzyme B in the absence of cognate antigen. Some of these cells persist into adulthood. A study by Watson et al. used a multi-omics approach to investigate the epigenetic programmes and transcription factors that enable CD8+
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The eye provides an immunological gateway to the brain Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Alexandra Flemming
A publication by Song and colleagues identifies a unique lymphatic drainage system that connects the posterior of the eye with deep cervical lymph nodes (dCLNs) and the meningeal lymphatic network. In several different mouse models, they show that vaccines delivered to the posterior of the eye can specifically induce immune responses in the central nervous system (CNS) and protect against experimental
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CARD8 kills CD4+ T cells in response to HIV entry Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Alexandra Flemming
In humans, infection with HIV-1 is associated with loss of CD4+ T cells, causing severe immunodeficiency and progression to AIDS. By contrast, some non-human primates (NHPs), which are natural hosts of the closely related SIV, are tolerant of SIV infection despite showing high levels of viraemia. Interestingly, CD4+ T cell death in humans mostly effects quiescent cells that are not productively infected
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Made to order: emergency myelopoiesis and demand-adapted innate immune cell production Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 James W. Swann, Oakley C. Olson, Emmanuelle Passegué
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A Treg cell duo for VAT control Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Maria Papatriantafyllou
Changes in populations of regulatory T (Treg) cells in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) have been linked to metabolic disorders; Valle Torres, Man et al. now characterize Treg cell heterogeneity in VAT. In addition to the previously reported population of VAT Treg cells that express PPARγ and ST2 (also known as IL-33R or IL-1RL1), the authors describe a second VAT Treg cell subset with high expression
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Lymph node resection does not impair cancer immunotherapy responses Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Lucas Baldran-Groves, Jeroen Melief
A preprint by Zhou et al. shows that the clinical efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade in patients with cancer does not depend on the presence of tumour-draining lymph nodes, as their role is taken over by more distant lymph nodes.
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Pre-existing antibody allows for maturation of new B cells in ‘recall’ germinal centres Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Jake Herb, Maria Curotto de Lafaille
Re-exposure to a previously encountered antigen leads to robust antibody responses and the formation of ‘recall’ germinal centres. A preprint by Schiepers et al. shows that antibody feedback in these germinal centres ensures the maturation of naive B cells that can target escape epitopes.
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Osteoblast-derived ATP maintains bone marrow plasma cells Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Yvonne Bordon
Plasma cells use P2RX4 to sense the regulated release of ATP from osteoblasts and this protects against ER stress-driven apoptosis.
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The OrganiX microfluidic system to recreate the complex tumour microenvironment Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Giulia Adriani, Andrea Pavesi
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ComplexEye: a multi-lens array microscope for high-throughput cell migration analysis Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Zülal Cibir, Matthias Gunzer
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The conneXion between sex and immune responses Nat. Rev. Immunol. (IF 67.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Katherine S. Forsyth, Nikhil Jiwrajka, Claudia D. Lovell, Natalie E. Toothacre, Montserrat C. Anguera