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Neurofilament light associated connectivity in young-adult Huntington’s disease is related to neuronal genes Brain (IF 13.501) Pub Date : 2022-06-27 Peter McColgan, Sarah Gregory, Paul Zeun, Angeliki Zarkali, Eileanoir B Johnson, Christopher Parker, Kate Fayer, Jessica Lowe, Akshay Nair, Carlos Estevez-Fraga, Marina Papoutsi, Hui Zhang, Rachael I Scahill, Sarah J Tabrizi, Geraint Rees
Upregulation of functional network connectivity in the presence of structural degeneration is seen in the premanifest stages of Huntington’s disease (preHD) 10-15 years from clinical diagnosis. However, whether widespread network connectivity changes are seen in gene-carriers much further from onset has yet to be explored. We characterised functional network connectivity throughout the brain and related
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Discovery of long-sought light-gated potassium channels: natural kalium channel-rhodopsins Nat. Neurosci. (IF 24.884) Pub Date : 2022-06-23
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A Computational Probe into the Behavioral and Neural Markers of Atypical Facial Emotion Processing in Autism J. Neurosci. (IF 6.167) Pub Date : 2022-06-22 Kohitij Kar
Despite ample behavioral evidence of atypical facial emotion processing in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the neural underpinnings of such behavioral heterogeneities remain unclear. Here, I have used brain-tissue mapped artificial neural network (ANN) models of primate vision to probe candidate neural and behavior markers of atypical facial emotion recognition in ASD at an image-by-image
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Calpain-2 Mediates MBNL2 Degradation and a Developmental RNA Processing Program in Neurodegeneration J. Neurosci. (IF 6.167) Pub Date : 2022-06-22 Lee-Hsin Wang, Chien-Yu Lin, Yu-Mei Lin, Luc Buée, Nicolas Sergeant, David Blum, Yijuang Chern, Guey-Shin Wang
Increasing loss of structure and function of neurons and decline in cognitive function is commonly seen during the progression of neurologic diseases, although the causes and initial symptoms of individual diseases are distinct. This observation suggests a convergence of common degenerative features. In myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), the expression of expanded CUG RNA induces neurotransmission dysfunction
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Disruption of Endosomal Sorting in Schwann Cells Leads to Defective Myelination and Endosomal Abnormalities Observed in Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease J. Neurosci. (IF 6.167) Pub Date : 2022-06-22 John W. McLean, Julie A. Wilson, Tina Tian, Jennifer A. Watson, Mary VanHart, Andrew J. Bean, Steven S. Scherer, David K. Crossman, Eroboghene Ubogu, Scott M. Wilson
Endosomal sorting plays a fundamental role in directing neural development. By altering the temporal and spatial distribution of membrane receptors, endosomes regulate signaling pathways that control the differentiation and function of neural cells. Several genes linked to inherited demyelinating peripheral neuropathies, known as Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease, encode proteins that directly interact
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The Role of Visual Experience in Individual Differences of Brain Connectivity J. Neurosci. (IF 6.167) Pub Date : 2022-06-22 Sriparna Sen, Nanak Nihal Khalsa, Ningcong Tong, Smadar Ovadia-Caro, Xiaoying Wang, Yanchao Bi, Ella Striem-Amit
Visual cortex organization is highly consistent across individuals. But to what degree does this consistency depend on life experience, in particular sensory experience? In this study, we asked whether visual cortex reorganization in congenital blindness results in connectivity patterns that are particularly variable across individuals, focusing on resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) patterns
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Spontaneous Alpha-Band Oscillations Bias Subjective Contrast Perception J. Neurosci. (IF 6.167) Pub Date : 2022-06-22 Elio Balestrieri, Niko A. Busch
Perceptual decisions depend both on the features of the incoming stimulus and on the ongoing brain activity at the moment the stimulus is received. Specifically, trial-to-trial fluctuations in cortical excitability have been linked to fluctuations in the amplitude of prestimulus α oscillations (~8-13 Hz), which are in turn are associated with fluctuations in subjects' tendency to report the detection
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Cortico-Striatal Activity Characterizes Human Safety Learning via Pavlovian Conditioned Inhibition J. Neurosci. (IF 6.167) Pub Date : 2022-06-22 Patrick A.F. Laing, Trevor Steward, Christopher G. Davey, Kim L. Felmingham, Miguel Angel Fullana, Bram Vervliet, Matthew D. Greaves, Bradford Moffat, Rebecca K. Glarin, Ben J. Harrison
Safety learning generates associative links between neutral stimuli and the absence of threat, promoting the inhibition of fear and security-seeking behaviors. Precisely how safety learning is mediated at the level of underlying brain systems, particularly in humans, remains unclear. Here, we integrated a novel Pavlovian conditioned inhibition task with ultra-high field (7 Tesla) fMRI to examine the
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Gamma Activation and Alpha Suppression within Human Auditory Cortex during a Speech Classification Task J. Neurosci. (IF 6.167) Pub Date : 2022-06-22 Kirill V. Nourski, Mitchell Steinschneider, Ariane E. Rhone, Christopher K. Kovach, Hiroto Kawasaki, Matthew A. Howard
The dynamics of information flow within the auditory cortical hierarchy associated with speech processing and the emergence of hemispheric specialization remain incompletely understood. To study these questions with high spatiotemporal resolution, intracranial recordings in 29 human neurosurgical patients of both sexes were obtained while subjects performed a semantic classification task. Neural activity
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Whole-Brain Wiring Diagram of Oxytocin System in Adult Mice J. Neurosci. (IF 6.167) Pub Date : 2022-06-22 Seoyoung Son, Steffy B. Manjila, Kyra T. Newmaster, Yuan-ting Wu, Daniel J. Vanselow, Matt Ciarletta, Todd E. Anthony, Keith C. Cheng, Yongsoo Kim
Oxytocin (Oxt) neurons regulate diverse physiological responses via direct connections with different neural circuits. However, the lack of comprehensive input-output wiring diagrams of Oxt neurons and their quantitative relationship with Oxt receptor (Oxtr) expression presents challenges to understanding circuit-specific Oxt functions. Here, we establish a whole-brain distribution and anatomic connectivity
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Learned Motor Patterns Are Replayed in Human Motor Cortex during Sleep J. Neurosci. (IF 6.167) Pub Date : 2022-06-22 Daniel B. Rubin, Tommy Hosman, Jessica N. Kelemen, Anastasia Kapitonava, Francis R. Willett, Brian F. Coughlin, Eric Halgren, Eyal Y. Kimchi, Ziv M. Williams, John D. Simeral, Leigh R. Hochberg, Sydney S. Cash
Consolidation of memory is believed to involve offline replay of neural activity. While amply demonstrated in rodents, evidence for replay in humans, particularly regarding motor memory, is less compelling. To determine whether replay occurs after motor learning, we sought to record from motor cortex during a novel motor task and subsequent overnight sleep. A 36-year-old man with tetraplegia secondary
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Understanding the Influence of Target Acquisition on Survival, Integration, and Phenotypic Maturation of Dopamine Neurons within Stem Cell-Derived Neural Grafts in a Parkinson's Disease Model J. Neurosci. (IF 6.167) Pub Date : 2022-06-22 Niamh Moriarty, Jessica A. Kauhausen, Chiara Pavan, Cameron P.J. Hunt, Isabelle R. de Luzy, Vanessa Penna, Charlotte M. Ermine, Lachlan H. Thompson, Clare L. Parish
Midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neurons include many subtypes characterized by their location, connectivity and function. Surprisingly, mechanisms underpinning the specification of A9 neurons [responsible for motor function, including within ventral midbrain (VM) grafts for treating Parkinson's disease (PD)] over adjacent A10, remains largely speculated. We assessed the impact of synaptic targeting on survival
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Role of Voltage-Gated K+ Channels and K2P Channels in Intrinsic Electrophysiological Properties and Saltatory Conduction at Nodes of Ranvier of Rat Lumbar Spinal Ventral Nerves J. Neurosci. (IF 6.167) Pub Date : 2022-06-22 Sotatsu Tonomura, Jianguo G. Gu
Ion channels at the nodes of Ranvier (NRs) are believed to play essential roles in intrinsic electrophysiological properties and saltatory conduction of action potentials (AP) at the NRs of myelinated nerves. While we have recently shown that two-pore domain potassium (K2P) channels play a key role at the NRs of Aβ-afferent nerves, K+ channels and their functions at the NRs of mammalian motor nerves
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Microglial Tmem59 Deficiency Impairs Phagocytosis of Synapse and Leads to Autism-Like Behaviors in Mice J. Neurosci. (IF 6.167) Pub Date : 2022-06-22 Jian Meng, Linkun Han, Naizhen Zheng, Ting Wang, Hui Xu, Yiru Jiang, Zijie Wang, Zhaoji Liu, Qiuyang Zheng, Xian Zhang, Hong Luo, Dan Can, Jinsheng Lu, Huaxi Xu, Yun-wu Zhang
Synaptic abnormality is an important pathologic feature of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and responsible for various behavioral defects in these neurodevelopmental disorders. Microglia are the major immune cells in the brain and also play an important role in synapse refinement. Although dysregulated synaptic pruning by microglia during the brain development has been associated with ASDs, the underlying
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Neuro-immune crosstalk in drug-resistant epilepsy Nat. Neurosci. (IF 24.884) Pub Date : 2022-06-23 Brian M. Andersen, Francisco J. Quintana
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Single-cell transcriptomics and surface epitope detection in human brain epileptic lesions identifies pro-inflammatory signaling Nat. Neurosci. (IF 24.884) Pub Date : 2022-06-23 Pavanish Kumar, Amanda Lim, Sharifah Nur Hazirah, Camillus Jian Hui Chua, Adeline Ngoh, Su Li Poh, Tong Hong Yeo, Jocelyn Lim, Simon Ling, Nursyuhadah Binte Sutamam, Enrico Petretto, David Chyi Yeu Low, Li Zeng, Eng-King Tan, Thaschawee Arkachaisri, Joo Guan Yeo, Florent Ginhoux, Derrick Chan, Salvatore Albani
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Coordinating sickness behaviour Nat. Rev. Neurosci. (IF 34.87) Pub Date : 2022-06-22 Katherine Whalley
A population of fever-generating neurons in the hypothalamus coordinates diverse sickness behaviours in mice.
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The structures and functions of correlations in neural population codes Nat. Rev. Neurosci. (IF 34.87) Pub Date : 2022-06-22 Stefano Panzeri, Monica Moroni, Houman Safaai, Christopher D. Harvey
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Right temporal lobe and socioemotional semantics: semantic behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia Brain (IF 13.501) Pub Date : 2022-06-22 Kyan Younes, Valentina Borghesani, Maxime Montembeault, Salvatore Spina, Maria Luisa Mandelli, Ariane E Welch, Elizabeth Weis, Patrick Callahan, Fanny M Elahi, Alice Y Hua, David C Perry, Anna Karydas, Daniel Geschwind, Eric Huang, Lea T Grinberg, Joel H Kramer, Adam L Boxer, Gil D Rabinovici, Howard J Rosen, William W Seeley, Zachary A Miller, Bruce L Miller, Virginia E Sturm, Katherine P Rankin,
Focal anterior temporal lobe (ATL) degeneration often preferentially affects the left or right hemisphere. While patients with left-predominant ATL (lATL) atrophy show severe anomia and verbal semantic deficits and meet criteria for semantic variant primary progressive aphasia (svPPA) and semantic dementia, patients with early right ATL (rATL) atrophy are more difficult to diagnose as their symptoms
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Presynaptic FMRP and local protein synthesis support structural and functional plasticity of glutamatergic axon terminals Neuron (IF 17.173) Pub Date : 2022-06-20 Hannah R. Monday, Shivani C. Kharod, Young J. Yoon, Robert H. Singer, Pablo E. Castillo
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The kappa free light chain index and oligoclonal bands have a similar role in the McDonald criteria Brain (IF 13.501) Pub Date : 2022-06-21 Georgina Arrambide, Carmen Espejo, Pere Carbonell-Mirabent, Romina Dieli-Crimi, Marta Rodríguez-Barranco, Mireia Castillo, Cristina Auger, Simón Cárdenas-Robledo, Joaquín Castilló, Álvaro Cobo-Calvo, Ingrid Galán, Luciana Midaglia, Carlos Nos, Susana Otero-Romero, Jordi Río, Breogán Rodríguez-Acevedo, Mariano Ruiz-Ortiz, Annalaura Salerno, Paula Tagliani, Carmen Tur, Angela Vidal-Jordana, Ana Zabalza
Intrathecal production of kappa free light chains (KFLC) occurs in multiple sclerosis and can be measured using the KFLC index. KFLC index values can be determined more easily than oligoclonal bands (OB) detection and seem more sensitive than the immunoglobulin (Ig)G index to diagnose multiple sclerosis. We assessed the value of OB, KFLC index cut-offs 5.9, 6.6, and 10.61, and IgG index to diagnose
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The Wernicke conundrum revisited: evidence from connectome-based lesion-symptom mapping Brain (IF 13.501) Pub Date : 2022-06-21 William Matchin, Dirk Bart den Ouden, Gregory Hickok, Argye E Hillis, Leonardo Bonilha, Julius Fridriksson
Wernicke’s area has been assumed since the 1800s to be the primary region supporting word and sentence comprehension. However, in 2015 and 2019, Mesulam and colleagues raised what they termed the ‘Wernicke conundrum’, noting widespread variability in the anatomical definition of this area and presenting data from primary progressive aphasia that challenged this classical assumption. To resolve the
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Multicompartmental models and diffusion abnormalities in paediatric mild traumatic brain injury Brain (IF 13.501) Pub Date : 2022-06-21 Andrew R Mayer, Josef M Ling, Andrew B Dodd, David D Stephenson, Sharvani Pabbathi Reddy, Cidney R Robertson-Benta, Erik B Erhardt, Robbert L Harms, Timothy B Meier, Andrei A Vakhtin, Richard A Campbell, Robert E Sapien, John P Phillips
The underlying pathophysiology of paediatric mild traumatic brain injury and the time-course for biological recovery remains widely debated, with clinical care principally informed by subjective self-report. Similarly, clinical evidence indicate that adolescence is a risk factor for prolonged recovery, but the impact of age-at-injury on biomarkers has not been determined in large, homogeneous samples
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Patient-derived antibodies reveal the subcellular distribution and heterogeneous interactome of LGI1 Brain (IF 13.501) Pub Date : 2022-06-21 Jorge Ramirez-Franco, Kévin Debreux, Johanna Extremet, Yves Maulet, Maya Belghazi, Claude Villard, Marion Sangiardi, Fahamoe Youssouf, Lara El Far, Christian Lévêque, Claire Debarnot, Pascale Marchot, Sofija Paneva, Dominique Debanne, Michael Russier, Michael Seagar, Sarosh R Irani, Oussama El Far
Autoantibodies against leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 occur in patients with encephalitis who present with frequent focal seizures and a pattern of amnesia consistent with focal hippocampal damage. To investigate whether the cellular and subcellular distribution of LGI1 may explain the localisation of these features, and hence gain broader insights into LGI1’s neurobiology, we analysed the detailed
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Metabolic lactate production coordinates vasculature development and progenitor behavior in the developing mouse neocortex Nat. Neurosci. (IF 24.884) Pub Date : 2022-06-20 Xiaoxiang Dong, Qiangqiang Zhang, Xiangyu Yu, Ding Wang, Jiaming Ma, Jian Ma, Song-Hai Shi
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Kalium channelrhodopsins are natural light-gated potassium channels that mediate optogenetic inhibition Nat. Neurosci. (IF 24.884) Pub Date : 2022-06-20 Elena G. Govorunova, Yueyang Gou, Oleg A. Sineshchekov, Hai Li, Xiaoyu Lu, Yumei Wang, Leonid S. Brown, François St-Pierre, Mingshan Xue, John L. Spudich
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Identification of early neurodegenerative pathways in progressive multiple sclerosis Nat. Neurosci. (IF 24.884) Pub Date : 2022-06-20 Max Kaufmann, Anna-Lena Schaupp, Rosa Sun, Fabian Coscia, Calliope A. Dendrou, Adrian Cortes, Gurman Kaur, Hayley G. Evans, Annelie Mollbrink, José Fernández Navarro, Jana K. Sonner, Christina Mayer, Gabriele C. DeLuca, Joakim Lundeberg, Paul M. Matthews, Kathrine E. Attfield, Manuel A. Friese, Matthias Mann, Lars Fugger
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Recurrent de novo mutations in CLDN5 induce an anion-selective blood–brain barrier and alternating hemiplegia Brain (IF 13.501) Pub Date : 2022-06-17 Yosuke Hashimoto, Karine Poirier, Nathalie Boddaert, Laurence Hubert, Melodie Aubart, Anna Kaminska, Marianne Alison, Isabelle Desguerre, Arnold Munnich, Matthew Campbell
Claudin-5 is the most enriched tight junction protein at the blood brain barrier (BBB). Perturbations in its levels of expression have been observed across numerous neurological and neuropsychiatric conditions; however, pathogenic variants in the coding sequence of the gene have never previously been reported. Here, we report the identification of a novel de novo mutation (c.178G > A) in the CLDN5
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Neural mechanisms of credit assignment for inferred relationships in a structured world Neuron (IF 17.173) Pub Date : 2022-06-16 Phillip P. Witkowski, Seongmin A. Park, Erie D. Boorman
Animals abstract compact representations of a task’s structure, which supports accelerated learning and flexible behavior. Whether and how such abstracted representations may be used to assign credit for inferred, but unobserved, relationships in structured environments are unknown. We develop a hierarchical reversal-learning task and Bayesian learning model to assess the computational and neural mechanisms
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Another win for mimetic peptides in stroke: Disruption of TRPM2-NMDAR signaling Neuron (IF 17.173) Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Andrew K.J. Boyce, Roger J. Thompson
Glutamate excitotoxicity during ischemia triggers an intracellular signaling avalanche leading to cell death, yet blocking NMDA receptors directly in human stroke trials failed. In this issue of Neuron, Zong et al. (2022) disrupt downstream NMDAR-TRPM2 coupling to improve stroke outcomes, supporting intracellular NMDAR signaling as an alternate therapeutic target.
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Interneuron switching on and off across memory rhythms Neuron (IF 17.173) Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Alexandra Tzilivaki, Nikolaus Maier, Dietmar Schmitz
In this issue of Neuron, Szabo et al. uncover a unique subtype of interneurons that is highly active during ripples but largely silent during theta oscillations. The study provides exciting new insights into the regulation and propagation of ripples in CA1 and beyond.
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What’s familiarity got to do with it? Neural mechanisms of observational fear in siblings and strangers Neuron (IF 17.173) Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Inbal Ben-Ami Bartal
Social modulation of pain sensitivity is considered part of the empathic response. In this issue of Neuron, Zhang at al. (2022) uncover the neurobiological basis of observational pain in mice. They report increased synaptic transmission from the insular cortex to the basolateral amygdala and explore genes mediating this effect.
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Fatherhood is life changing: Uncovering structural and functional changes in the dad brain Neuron (IF 17.173) Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Richard G. Dickson, Matthew W. Jacobs, Euiseok J. Kim
What are the cellular-level structural and functional changes underlying newly adaptive behaviors in the mammalian brain? In this issue of Neuron, Inada et al. (2022) identify the brain-wide connectivity and synaptic plasticity changes of hypothalamic oxytocin+ neurons in male mice contributing to their parental behaviors.
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General anesthesia and the cortical stranglehold on consciousness Neuron (IF 17.173) Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Dinesh Pal, George A. Mashour
In this issue of Neuron, Bharioke et al. (2022) demonstrate that diverse general anesthetic regimens all reversibly and selectively synchronize spontaneous activity of pyramidal neurons in layer 5 of mouse cortex. We discuss the implications of these findings for the mechanism of consciousness and anesthetic-induced unconsciousness.
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Emerging principles of spacetime in brains: Meeting report on spatial neurodynamics Neuron (IF 17.173) Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Sonja Grün, Jennifer Li, Bruce McNaughton, Carl Petersen, David McCormick, Drew Robson, György Buzsáki, Kenneth Harris, Terrence Sejnowski, Thomas Mrsic-Flogel, Henrik Lindén, Per E. Roland
How do neurons and networks of neurons interact spatially? Here, we overview recent discoveries revealing how spatial dynamics of spiking and postsynaptic activity efficiently expose and explain fundamental brain and brainstem mechanisms behind detection, perception, learning, and behavior.
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A Quantitative Model of Sporadic Axonal Degeneration in the Drosophila Visual System J. Neurosci. (IF 6.167) Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Mélisande Richard, Karolína Doubková, Yohei Nitta, Hiroki Kawai, Atsushi Sugie, Gaia Tavosanis
In human neurodegenerative diseases, neurons undergo axonal degeneration months to years before they die. Here, we developed a system modeling early degenerative events in Drosophila adult photoreceptor cells. Thanks to the stereotypy of their axonal projections, this system delivers quantitative data on sporadic and progressive axonal degeneration of photoreceptor cells. Using this method, we show
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Tracking Neural Markers of Template Formation and Implementation in Attentional Inhibition under Different Distractor Consistency J. Neurosci. (IF 6.167) Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Wen Wen (文雯), Zhibang Huang (黄志邦), Yin Hou (侯寅), Sheng Li (李晟)
Performing visual search tasks requires optimal attention deployment to promote targets and inhibit distractors. Rejection templates based on the feature of the distractor can be built to constrain the search process. We measured electroencephalography (EEG) of human participants of both sexes when they performed a visual search task in conditions where the distractor cues were constant within a block
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Simulated Attack Reveals How Lesions Affect Network Properties in Poststroke Aphasia J. Neurosci. (IF 6.167) Pub Date : 2022-06-15 John D. Medaglia, Brian A. Erickson, Dorian Pustina, Apoorva S. Kelkar, Andrew T. DeMarco, J. Vivian Dickens, Peter E. Turkeltaub
Aphasia is a prevalent cognitive syndrome caused by stroke. The rarity of premorbid imaging and heterogeneity of lesion obscures the links between the local effects of the lesion, global anatomic network organization, and aphasia symptoms. We applied a simulated attack approach in humans to examine the effects of 39 stroke lesions (16 females) on anatomic network topology by simulating their effects
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Accumulation System: Distributed Neural Substrates of Perceptual Decision Making Revealed by fMRI Deconvolution J. Neurosci. (IF 6.167) Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Yusuke Morito, Tsutomu Murata
Neural substrates of evidence accumulation have been a central issue in decision-making studies because of the prominent success of the accumulation model in explaining a wide range of perceptual decision making. Since accumulation-shaped activities have been found in multiple brain regions, which are called accumulators, questions regarding functional relations among these accumulators are emerging
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Recruitment of Control and Representational Components of the Semantic System during Successful and Unsuccessful Access to Complex Factual Knowledge J. Neurosci. (IF 6.167) Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Silvia Ubaldi, Giuseppe Rabini, Scott L. Fairhall
Our ability to effectively retrieve complex semantic knowledge meaningfully impacts our daily lives, yet the neural processes that underly successful access and transient failures in access remain only partially understood. In this fMRI study, we contrast activation during successful semantic access, unsuccessful semantic access because of transient access failures (i.e., "tip-of-the-tongue," "feeling-of-knowing")
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Brain Functional Connectivity Mapping of Behavioral Flexibility in Rhesus Monkeys J. Neurosci. (IF 6.167) Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Kathleen A. Grant, Natali Newman, Colton Lynn, Conor Davenport, Steven Gonzales, Verginia C. Cuzon Carlson, Christopher D. Kroenke
The predisposition to engage in autonomous habitual behaviors has been associated with behavioral disorders, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder and addiction. Attentional set-shifting tasks (ASSTs), which incorporate changes governing the association of discriminative stimuli with contingent reinforcement, are commonly used to measure underlying processes of cognitive/behavioral flexibility. The
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Vigilance and Behavioral State-Dependent Modulation of Cortical Neuronal Activity throughout the Sleep/Wake Cycle J. Neurosci. (IF 6.167) Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Aurélie Brécier, Mélodie Borel, Nadia Urbain, Luc J. Gentet
GABAergic inhibitory neurons, through their molecular, anatomic, and physiological diversity, provide a substrate for the modulation of ongoing cortical circuit activity throughout the sleep/wake cycle. Here, we investigated neuronal activity dynamics of parvalbumin (PV), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), and somatostatin (SST) neurons in naturally sleeping head-restrained mice at the level
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Existence of a Long-Range Caudo-Rostral Sensory Influence in Terrestrial Locomotion J. Neurosci. (IF 6.167) Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Martyna Grabowska, Tibor I. Toth, Ansgar Büschges, Silvia Daun
In multisegmented locomotion, coordination of all appendages is crucial for the generation of a proper motor output. In running for example, leg coordination is mainly based on the central interaction of rhythm generating networks, called central pattern generators (CPGs). In slower forms of locomotion, however, sensory feedback, which originates from sensory organs that detect changes in position
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Neuropilin 2/Plexin-A3 Receptors Regulate the Functional Connectivity and the Excitability in the Layers 4 and 5 of the Cerebral Cortex J. Neurosci. (IF 6.167) Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Hussain Y. Khdour, Krishnakanth Kondabolu, Alina Khadka, Maxime Assous, James M. Tepper, Tracy S. Tran, Pierre-Olivier Polack
The functions of cortical networks are progressively established during development by series of events shaping the neuronal connectivity. Synaptic elimination, which consists of removing the supernumerary connections generated during the earlier stages of cortical development, is one of the latest stages in neuronal network maturation. The semaphorin 3F coreceptors neuropilin 2 (Nrp2) and plexin-A3
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Oxidative Stress-Induced Damage to the Developing Hippocampus Is Mediated by GSK3{beta} J. Neurosci. (IF 6.167) Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Joseph Abbah, Claire-Marie Vacher, Evan Z. Goldstein, Zhen Li, Srikanya Kundu, Brooke Talbot, Surajit Bhattacharya, Kazue Hashimoto-Torii, Li Wang, Payal Banerjee, Joseph Scafidi, Nathan A. Smith, Li-Jin Chew, Vittorio Gallo
Neonatal brain injury renders the developing brain vulnerable to oxidative stress, leading to cognitive deficit. However, oxidative stress-induced damage to hippocampal circuits and the mechanisms underlying long-term changes in memory and learning are poorly understood. We used high oxygen tension or hyperoxia (HO) in neonatal mice of both sexes to investigate the role of oxidative stress in hippocampal
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Depolarizing NaV and Hyperpolarizing KV Channels Are Co-Trafficked in Sensory Neurons J. Neurosci. (IF 6.167) Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Grant P. Higerd-Rusli, Matthew Alsaloum, Sidharth Tyagi, Nivedita Sarveswaran, Mark Estacion, Elizabeth J. Akin, Fadia B. Dib-Hajj, Shujun Liu, Daniel Sosniak, Peng Zhao, Sulayman D. Dib-Hajj, Stephen G. Waxman
Neuronal excitability relies on coordinated action of functionally distinction channels. Voltage-gated sodium (NaV) and potassium (KV) channels have distinct but complementary roles in firing action potentials: NaV channels provide depolarizing current while KV channels provide hyperpolarizing current. Mutations and dysfunction of multiple NaV and KV channels underlie disorders of excitability, including
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The Roles of Par3, Par6, and aPKC Polarity Proteins in Normal Neurodevelopment and in Neurodegenerative and Neuropsychiatric Disorders J. Neurosci. (IF 6.167) Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Lili Zhang, Xiangyun Wei
Normal neural circuits and functions depend on proper neuronal differentiation, migration, synaptic plasticity, and maintenance. Abnormalities in these processes underlie various neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric, and neurodegenerative disorders. Neural development and maintenance are regulated by many proteins. Among them are Par3, Par6 (partitioning defective 3 and 6), and aPKC (atypical protein
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Lessons from the Stories of Women in Neuroscience J. Neurosci. (IF 6.167) Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Leslie J. Sibener, Megan A. Kirchgessner, Sheila Steiner, Chiaki Santiago, Daniela Cassataro, Marley Rossa, Caterina P. Profaci, Nancy Padilla-Coreano
Women have been contributing to the field of neuroscience since its inception, but their accomplishments are often overlooked. Lack of recognition, among other issues, has led to progressively fewer women at each academic stage; although half of neuroscience graduate students are women, women comprise less than one-third of neuroscience faculty, and even fewer full professors. Those who reach this
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How to establish robust brain–behavior relationships without thousands of individuals Nat. Neurosci. (IF 24.884) Pub Date : 2022-06-16 Monica D. Rosenberg, Emily S. Finn
Can studying individual differences in brain structure and function reveal individual differences in behavior? Analyses of MRI data from nearly 50,000 individuals may suggest that the possibility is fleeting. Although sample size is important for brain-based prediction, researchers can take other steps to build better biomarkers. These include testing model generalizability across people, datasets
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The embryonic zebrafish brain is seeded by a lymphatic-dependent population of mrc1+ microglia precursors Nat. Neurosci. (IF 24.884) Pub Date : 2022-06-16 Lauren A. Green, Michael R. O’Dea, Camden A. Hoover, Dana F. DeSantis, Cody J. Smith
Microglia are the resident macrophages of the CNS that serve critical roles in brain construction. Although human brains contain microglia by 4 weeks gestation, an understanding of the earliest microglia that seed the brain during its development remains unresolved. Using time-lapse imaging in zebrafish, we discovered a mrc1a+ microglia precursor population that seeds the brain before traditionally
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Cerebellar dopamine D2 receptors regulate social behaviors Nat. Neurosci. (IF 24.884) Pub Date : 2022-06-16 Laura Cutando, Emma Puighermanal, Laia Castell, Pauline Tarot, Morgane Belle, Federica Bertaso, Margarita Arango-Lievano, Fabrice Ango, Marcelo Rubinstein, Albert Quintana, Alain Chédotal, Manuel Mameli, Emmanuel Valjent
The cerebellum, a primary brain structure involved in the control of sensorimotor tasks, also contributes to higher cognitive functions including reward, emotion and social interaction. Although the regulation of these behaviors has been largely ascribed to the monoaminergic system in limbic regions, the contribution of cerebellar dopamine signaling in the modulation of these functions remains largely
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Medial and orbital frontal cortex in decision-making and flexible behavior Neuron (IF 17.173) Pub Date : 2022-06-14 Miriam C. Klein-Flügge, Alessandro Bongioanni, Matthew F.S. Rushworth
The medial frontal cortex and adjacent orbitofrontal cortex have been the focus of investigations of decision-making, behavioral flexibility, and social behavior. We review studies conducted in humans, macaques, and rodents and argue that several regions with different functional roles can be identified in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, perigenual anterior cingulate cortex, anterior medial frontal
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Sodium-calcium exchanger-3 regulates pain “wind-up”: From human psychophysics to spinal mechanisms Neuron (IF 17.173) Pub Date : 2022-06-14 Teodora Trendafilova, Kaustubh Adhikari, Annina B. Schmid, Ryan Patel, Erika Polgár, Kim I. Chisholm, Steven J. Middleton, Kieran Boyle, Allen C. Dickie, Evangelia Semizoglou, Jimena Perez-Sanchez, Andrew M. Bell, Luis Miguel Ramirez-Aristeguieta, Samar Khoury, Aleksandar Ivanov, Hendrik Wildner, Eleanor Ferris, Juan-Camilo Chacón-Duque, David L. Bennett
Repeated application of noxious stimuli leads to a progressively increased pain perception; this temporal summation is enhanced in and predictive of clinical pain disorders. Its electrophysiological correlate is “wind-up,” in which dorsal horn spinal neurons increase their response to repeated nociceptor stimulation. To understand the genetic basis of temporal summation, we undertook a GWAS of wind-up
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Stimulating native seizures with neural resonance: a new approach to localize the seizure onset zone Brain (IF 13.501) Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Rachel J Smith, Mark A Hays, Golnoosh Kamali, Christopher Coogan, Nathan E Crone, Joon Y Kang, Sridevi V Sarma
Successful outcomes in epilepsy surgery rely on the accurate localization of the seizure onset zone (SOZ). Localizing the SOZ is often a costly and time-consuming process wherein a patient undergoes intracranial EEG (iEEG) monitoring, and a team of clinicians wait for seizures to occur. Clinicians then analyze the iEEG before each seizure onset to identify the SOZ, and localization accuracy increases
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Single-cell activity and network properties of dorsal raphe nucleus serotonin neurons during emotionally salient behaviors Neuron (IF 17.173) Pub Date : 2022-06-13 Grace E. Paquelet, Kassandra Carrion, Clay O. Lacefield, Pengcheng Zhou, René Hen, Bradley R. Miller
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Dynamic task-belief is an integral part of decision-making Neuron (IF 17.173) Pub Date : 2022-06-13 Cheng Xue, Lily E. Kramer, Marlene R. Cohen
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GluN3A excitatory glycine receptors control adult cortical and amygdalar circuits Neuron (IF 17.173) Pub Date : 2022-06-13 Simon Bossi, Dhanasak Dhanasobhon, Graham C.R. Ellis-Davies, Jimena Frontera, Marcel de Brito Van Velze, Joana Lourenço, Alvaro Murillo, Rafael Luján, Mariano Casado, Isabel Perez-Otaño, Alberto Bacci, Daniela Popa, Pierre Paoletti, Nelson Rebola
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Dynamic causal communication channels between neocortical areas Neuron (IF 17.173) Pub Date : 2022-06-10 Mitra Javadzadeh, Sonja B. Hofer
Processing of sensory information depends on the interactions between hierarchically connected neocortical regions, but it remains unclear how the activity in one area causally influences the activity dynamics in another and how rapidly such interactions change with time. Here, we show that the communication between the primary visual cortex (V1) and high-order visual area LM is context-dependent and
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The gain of function SCN1A disorder spectrum: novel epilepsy phenotypes and therapeutic implications. Brain (IF 13.501) Pub Date : 2022-06-13 Andreas Brunklaus,Tobias Brünger,Tony Feng,Carmen Fons,Anni Lehikoinen,Eleni Panagiotakaki,Mihaela-Adela Vintan,Joseph Symonds,James Andrew,Alexis Arzimanoglou,Sarah Delima,Julie Gallois,Donncha Hanrahan,Gaetan Lesca,Stewart MacLeod,Dragan Marjanovic,Amy McTague,Noemi Nuñez-Enamorado,Eduardo Perez-Palma,M Scott Perry,Karen Pysden,Sophie J Russ-Hall,Ingrid E Scheffer,Krystal Sully,Steffen Syrbe,Ulvi