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Rethinking excitation/inhibition balance in the human brain Nat. Rev. Neurosci. (IF 26.7) Pub Date : 2025-06-23 Roi Cohen Kadosh
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Closed-loop electrical stimulation prevents focal epilepsy progression and long-term memory impairment Nat. Neurosci. (IF 20.0) Pub Date : 2025-06-23 Jose J. Ferrero, Ahnaf R. Hassan, Zelin Yu, Zifang Zhao, Liang Ma, Cynthia Wu, Shan Shao, Takeshi Kawano, Judah Engel, Werner Doyle, Orrin Devinsky, Dion Khodagholy, Jennifer N. Gelinas
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Large-scale high-density brain-wide neural recording in nonhuman primates Nat. Neurosci. (IF 20.0) Pub Date : 2025-06-23 Eric M. Trautmann, Janis K. Hesse, Gabriel M. Stine, Ruobing Xia, Shude Zhu, Daniel J. O’Shea, Bill Karsh, Jennifer Colonell, Frank F. Lanfranchi, Saurabh Vyas, Andrew Zimnik, Elom Amematsro, Natalie A. Steinemann, Daniel A. Wagenaar, Marius Pachitariu, Alexandru Andrei, Carolina Mora Lopez, John O’Callaghan, Jan Putzeys, Bogdan C. Raducanu, Marleen Welkenhuysen, Mark Churchland, Tirin Moore, Michael
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Three-photon microscopy: an emerging technique for deep intravital brain imaging Nat. Rev. Neurosci. (IF 28.7) Pub Date : 2025-06-20 Robert Prevedel, Júlia Ferrer Ortas, Jason N. D. Kerr, Jack Waters, Michael O. Breckwoldt, Benjamin Deneen, Michelle Monje, Stella J. Soyka, Varun Venkataramani
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Examining the biological causes of eating disorders to inform treatment strategies Nat. Rev. Neurosci. (IF 28.7) Pub Date : 2025-06-20 Claire J. Foldi, Kristi R. Griffiths
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Encoding the glucose identity by discrete hypothalamic neurons via the gut-brain axis Neuron (IF 14.7) Pub Date : 2025-06-20 Jineun Kim, Shinhye Kim, Wongyo Jung, Yujin Kim, Seongju Lee, Sehun Kim, Hae-Yong Park, Dae Young Yoo, In Koo Hwang, Robert C. Froemke, Seung-Hee Lee, Young-Gyun Park, Gary J. Schwartz, Greg S.B. Suh
Animals need daily intakes of three macronutrients: sugar, protein, and fat. Under fasted conditions, however, animals prioritize sugar as a primary source of energy. They must detect ingested sugar—specifically D-glucose—and quickly report its presence to the brain. Hypothalamic neurons that can respond to the caloric content in the gut regardless of the identity of macronutrient have been identified
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Regional Excitatory-Inhibitory Balance Relates to Self-Reference Effect on Recollection via the Precuneus/Posterior Cingulate Cortex-Medial Prefrontal Cortex Connectivity J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-18 Ying He, Hilary Sweatman, Alice R. Thomson, Zeus Gracia-Tabuenca, Nicolaas A. Puts, Xiaoqian J. Chai
Self-related representation can enhance perception and memory—a phenomenon known as the self-referential effect (SRE). While SRE has been linked to the activation of the default mode network (DMN), including the precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex (Pcu/PCC) and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), the underlying neurochemical processes of DMN activations remain unclear. The balance of excitation and
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Brain Topological Changes in Subjective Cognitive Decline and Associations with Amyloid Stages J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-18 Xueyan Jiang, Mingkai Zhang, Chuyao Yan, Marcel Daamen, Henning Boecker, Feng Yue, Frank Jessen, Xiaochen Hu, Ying Han
This study examined how amyloid burden affects structural and functional brain network topology in subjective cognitive decline (SCD), a risk condition for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Functional and structural brain networks were analyzed in 100 individuals with SCD and 86 normal controls (NC; both sexes included) using resting-state functional MRI and diffusion tensor imaging. Topological properties
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Sequence Diversity and Encoded Enzymatic Differences of Monocistronic L1 ORF2 mRNA Variants in the Aged Normal and Alzheimer's Disease Brain J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-18 Juliet Nicodemus, Christine S. Liu, Linnea Ransom, Valerie Tan, William Romanow, Natalia Jimenez, Jerold Chun
Reverse transcriptase (RT) activity in the human brain has been inferred through somatic retroinsertion/retrotransposition events; however, actual endogenous enzymatic activities and sources remain unclear. L1 (LINE-1) retrotransposons bicistronically express ORF2, containing RT and endonuclease (EN) domains, and RNA-binding protein ORF1, together enabling L1 retrotransposition and contributing to
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Complex Impact of Stimulus Envelope on Motor Synchronization to Sound J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-18 Yue Sun, Georgios Michalareas, Oded Ghitza, David Poeppel
The human brain tracks temporal regularities in acoustic signals faithfully. Recent neuroimaging studies have shown complex modulations of synchronized neural activities to the shape of stimulus envelopes. How to connect neural responses to different envelope shapes with listeners’ perceptual ability to synchronize to acoustic rhythms requires further characterization. Here, we examine motor and sensory
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The Functional Anatomy of Nociception: Effective Connectivity in Chronic Pain and Placebo Response J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-18 Sanjeev Nara, Marwan N. Baliki, Karl J. Friston, Dipanjan Ray
Chronic pain presents a widespread and complex clinical puzzle, necessitating theoretical approaches. This study expands upon our evolving comprehension of the brain’s top-down information processing, encompassing functions such as prediction, expectation, and attention. These processes are believed to play a substantial role in shaping both chronic pain and placebo responses. To examine hierarchical
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The Molecular Substrates of Second-Order Conditioned Fear in the Basolateral Amygdala Complex J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-18 Jessica Leake, Artur Shvetcov, Kelly J. Clemens, Kelly Kershaw, R. Frederick Westbrook, Nathan M. Holmes
Rats quickly learn to fear a stimulus (e.g., a light) that signals brief but painful footshock. The consolidation of this first-order conditioned fear requires transcription and translation of specific genes in the basolateral amygdala complex (BLA). Rats also learn to fear the associates of first-order conditioned stimuli, such as a sound paired with the already-conditioned light. The consolidation
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Developmental Olfactory Dysfunction and Abnormal Odor Memory in Immune-Challenged Disc1+/- Mice J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-18 Fiona Parbst, Johanna K. Kostka, Anne Günther, Yu-Nan Chen, Ileana L. Hanganu-Opatz, Sebastian H. Bitzenhofer
Neuronal activity in the olfactory bulb (OB) drives coordinated activity in the hippocampal–prefrontal network during early development. Inhibiting OB output in neonatal mice disrupts functional development of the hippocampal formation as well as cognitive abilities. These impairments manifest early in life and resemble dysfunctions of the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex that have been linked
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Heterogeneous Effects of Cognitive Arousal on the Contrast Response in Human Visual Cortex J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-18 Jasmine Pan, Louis N. Vinke, Joseph T. McGuire, Sam Ling
While animal studies have found that arousal states modulate visual responses, direct evidence for effects of arousal on human vision remains limited. Here, we used fMRI to examine effects of cognitive arousal on the gain of contrast response functions (CRFs) in human visual cortex. To measure CRFs, we measured BOLD responses in early visual cortex (V1–V3) while participants (n = 20, 14 females and
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Attention Alters Population Spatial Frequency Tuning J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-18 Luis D. Ramirez, Feiyi Wang, Sam Ling
Spatial frequency (SF) selectivity serves as a fundamental building block within the visual system, determining what we can and cannot see. Attention is theorized to augment the visibility of items in our environment by changing how we process SFs. However, the specific neural mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear, particularly in humans. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging
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Threonine-53 Phosphorylation of Dopamine Transporter Dictates {kappa}-Opioid Receptor-Mediated Locomotor Suppression, Aversion, and Cocaine Reward J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-18 Ragu Varman Durairaj, Sammanda Ramamoorthy, Lankupalle D. Jayanthi
Dynorphin (DYN)/-opioid receptor (KOR) activation contributes to aversion, dysphoria, sedation, depression, and enhanced psychostimulant-rewarding effects by inhibiting dopamine (DA) release. The precise neuronal mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear, limiting the use of KOR agonists in treating mood and substance use disorders. DYN fibers form synapses with DA terminals that express KOR
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Hippocampal Sharp-Wave Ripples Decrease during Physical Actions Including Consummatory Behavior in Immobile Rodents J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-18 Tomomi Sakairi, Masanori Kawabata, Alain Rios, Yutaka Sakai, Yoshikazu Isomura
Hippocampal sharp-wave ripples (SWRs) are intermittent, fast synchronous oscillations that play a pivotal role in memory formation. It has been well established that SWRs occur during "consummatory behaviors," e.g., eating or drinking a reward for correct action. However, most of typical behavioral experiments using freely moving rodents have not rigorously distinguished between the act of eating/drinking
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Functional Roles of Gastrin-Releasing Peptide-Producing Neurons in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus: Insights into Photic Entrainment and Circadian Regulation J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-18 Ruoshi Li, Ran Inoue, Hisashi Mori, Arisa Hirano, Takeshi Sakurai
The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) serves as the central circadian clock in mammals, coordinating daily rhythms in both behavior and physiology. In the SCN, gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP)-producing neurons (GRPNs) are predominantly located in the core region, suggesting their possible involvement in photic entrainment. However, the specific contribution of GRPNs to the regulation of circadian rhythms
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Challenges of the inconsistent neurorights framework in Latin America Nat. Neurosci. (IF 21.2) Pub Date : 2025-06-18 Diego Borbón
The integration of neurotechnology into society has prompted urgent discussions on neurorights (new lists of human rights to regulate neurotechnology) and has led to varied legislative responses across the region that leads this debate: Latin America. Although some countries have responded by pursuing constitutional amendments, others have proposed varied legal reforms, adopted different principles
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Heat shock proteins function as signaling molecules to mediate neuron–glia communication in C. elegans during aging Nat. Neurosci. (IF 21.2) Pub Date : 2025-06-18 Jieyu Wu, Victoria R. Yarmey, Olivia Jiaming Yang, Erik J. Soderblom, Adriana San-Miguel, Dong Yan
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A New Optogenetic Tool to Investigate the Role of Dopamine Signaling in the Basal Ganglia. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-18 Gabriel S Rocha,Marco Aurelio M Freire
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Cerebellar circuit computations for predictive motor control Nat. Rev. Neurosci. (IF 28.7) Pub Date : 2025-06-16 Katrina P. Nguyen, Abigail L. Person
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The brain works at more than 10 bits per second Nat. Neurosci. (IF 21.2) Pub Date : 2025-06-13 Britton A. Sauerbrei, J. Andrew Pruszynski
A recent article makes a claim with far-reaching implications for neuroscience, technology, and society: that the human brain is subject to an information processing ‘speed limit’ of 10 bits per second. Although this speed limit appears to hold for high-level cognitive functions, we argue that unconscious processing for real-time control of movement, which occupies a majority of neurons in the central
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Myelin–axon interface vulnerability in Alzheimer’s disease revealed by subcellular proteomics and imaging of human and mouse brain Nat. Neurosci. (IF 21.2) Pub Date : 2025-06-13 Yifei Cai, Iguaracy Pinheiro-de-Sousa, Mykhaylo Slobodyanyuk, Fuyi Chen, Tram Huynh, Jean Kanyo, Peiyang Tang, Lukas A. Fuentes, Amber Braker, Rachel Welch, Anita Huttner, Lei Tong, Peng Yuan, TuKiet T. Lam, Evangelia Petsalaki, Jüri Reimand, Angus C. Nairn, Jaime Grutzendler
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Major-depressive-disorder-associated dysregulation of ZBTB7A in orbitofrontal cortex promotes astrocyte-mediated stress susceptibility Neuron (IF 14.7) Pub Date : 2025-06-13 Sasha L. Fulton, Jaroslav Bendl, Giuseppina Di Salvo, John F. Fullard, Amni Al-Kachak, Ashley E. Lepack, Andrew F. Stewart, Sumnima Singh, Wolfram F. Poller, Ryan M. Bastle, Mads E. Hauberg, Amanda K. Fakira, Vishwendra Patel, Min Chen, Romain Durand-de Cuttoli, Isabel Gameiro-Ros, Flurin Cathomas, Aarthi Ramakrishnan, Kelly Gleason, Li Shen, Carol A. Tamminga, Ana Milosevic, Scott J. Russo, Filip
Heightened activity in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), a brain region that contributes to motivation, emotion, and reward-related decision-making, is a key clinical feature of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the cellular and molecular substrates underlying this dysfunction remain unclear. Here, we performed cell-type-specific profiling of human OFC and unexpectedly mapped MDD-linked epigenomic
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The neuroscience of misinformation: A research agenda Neuron (IF 14.7) Pub Date : 2025-06-13 Sander van der Linden, Michael S. Cohen
The global spread of misinformation is undermining democracies worldwide. In this NeuroView, we explain how neuroscience can inform our basic understanding of what makes the brain susceptible to false information, how it spreads in society, and how neuroscience can help shape and optimize interventions to effectively counter it.
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Cholinergic patterns correlate with dopamine medication ON freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease Brain (IF 10.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-13 Victor S Hvingelby, Miriam Højholt Terkelsen, Erik L Johnsen, Mette Møller, Erik Hvid Danielsen, Tove Henriksen, Andreas Nørgaard Glud, Yen F Tai, Anne Sofie Møller Andersen, Anne-Lene Knudsen, Kaare Meier, Jacob Horsager, Niels Okkels, Jens Christian Hedemann Sørensen, Per Borghammer, Elena Moro, Nicola Pavese
Gait problems in people with Parkinson’s (PD) are increasingly common as disease progresses. Symptoms include freezing of gait (FoG), and a predisposition to falls. The causative pathophysiology is still not completely understood. In this study, Positron Emission Tomography (PET) with 18F-fluoro-ethoxy-benzovesamicol (18F-FEOBV), a presynaptic marker of cholinergic terminal density, and 18F-fluoro-deoxy-glucose
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Amygdalar and hippocampal volume loss in limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy Brain (IF 10.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-13 Alex Wesseling, Ismael L Calandri, Maud M A Bouwman, Niels Reijner, Natasja A C Deshayes, Frederik Barkhof, Rik Ossenkoppele, Wilma D J van de Berg, Annemieke E Rozemuller, Yolande A L Pijnenburg, Jeroen J M Hoozemans, Laura E Jonkman
Limbic-predominant age-related TAR-DNA binding protein (TDP-43) encephalopathy neuropathological change (LATE-NC) refers to the aberrant accumulation of TDP-43 in the brains of aging individuals either in isolation or in combination with neurodegenerative disease. LATE-NC is most commonly found in the amygdala and hippocampus and is associated with progressive amnestic decline in individuals with a
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Presynaptic mu opioid receptors suppress the functional connectivity of ventral tegmental area dopaminergic neurons with aversion-related brain regions. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-13 Yichen Wu,Tamara Perez-Rosello,Rajeshwar Awatramani,D James Surmeier
Opioid abuse poses a major healthcare challenge. To meet this challenge, the brain mechanisms underlying opioid abuse need to be more systematically characterized. It is commonly thought that the addictive potential of opioids stems from their ability to enhance the activity of ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopaminergic neurons. Indeed, activation of mu opioid receptors (MORs) dis-inhibits VTA dopaminergic
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Attentional precursors of errors predict error-related brain activity. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-13 Martin E Maier,Marco Steinhauser
The error negativity or error-related negativity (Ne/ERN), a correlate of errors in choice tasks, is related to post-error adjustments indicating that it signals the need for behavioral adjustments following errors. However, little is known how the error monitoring system selects appropriate post-error adjustments for a given error to ensure that future errors are effectively prevented. This could
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Change of spiny neuron structure in the basal ganglia song circuit and its regulation by miR-9 during song development. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-13 Hannah Jarrell,Ansab Akhtar,Max Horowitz,Zhi Huang,Zhimin Shi,ZhiDe Fang,XiaoChing Li
Juvenile zebra finches learn to sing by imitating conspecific songs of adults during a sensitive period early in life. Area X is a basal ganglia nucleus of the song control circuit specialized for song-related sensory-motor learning during song development. The structural plasticity and the molecular mechanisms regulating neuronal structure in Area X during song development and maturation are unclear
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The Amygdala Regulates Social Motivation for Selective Vocal Imitation in Zebra Finches J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-11 Tomoko G. Fujii, Masashi Tanaka
Imitation plays a key role in the acquisition of speech and cultural behaviors. Studies suggest that social interaction facilitates imitative learning, indicating that neural circuits involved in social behaviors can also influence the process of imitation. Vocal imitation in juvenile songbirds serves as a valuable model to investigate this idea. Here, we explore the mechanisms of tutor–pupil social
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Specializations in Amygdalar and Hippocampal Innervation of the Primate Nucleus Accumbens Shell J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-11 Laura G. Marshall, Helen Barbas
The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is critical to goal-directed behaviors as the main input structure for limbic pathways to the basal ganglia. The NAc shell is composed of inhibitory projection neurons that receive robust glutamatergic innervation from both the hippocampus and amygdala. In view of primate-specific changes in the neural composition of the NAc, it is still unclear how its circuits are organized
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Functional and Regional Specificity of Noradrenergic Signaling for Encoding and Retrieval of Associative Recognition Memory in the Rat J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-11 Stephanie Tran, Gareth R. I. Barker, Mathias L. Mathiasen, John P. Aggleton, Elizabeth Clea Warburton
Recognition of a familiar object in a novel location requires retrieval of the former object–place association and encoding of novel information. Such object-in-place (OiP) memory recruits a neural network including the hippocampus (HPC), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and nucleus reuniens of the thalamus (NRe); however, the underlying cellular mechanisms are not understood. Locus ceruleus (LC) noradrenergic
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Atypical Cadherin FAT2 Is Required for Synaptic Integrity and Motor Behaviors J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-11 Xiankun Wang, Yadi Pu, Jifei Miao, Li Xie, Liangyu Guan, Yongfei Cui, Jun Wang, Liming Qin, Ying Han, Markus Wöhr, Bo Zhang
In humans, mutations or deletions of atypical FAT cadherin genes are linked to autism spectrum disorder and cerebellar ataxia. However, their large genomic size and the enormous size of their encoded proteins have hampered functional studies, leaving the roles of FAT cadherins poorly understood. To address this gap, we investigated FAT2—an atypical cadherin selectively expressed in cerebellar granule
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CXCL12 Engages Cortical Inhibitory Neurons to Enhance Dendritic Spine Plasticity and Structured Network Activity J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-11 Chunta Ho, Jared Luchetta, Bradley Nash, Lindsay K. Festa, James A. Johnson, Ahmet Sacan, Joshua G. Jackson, Antonio Sanz-Clemente, Renato Brandimarti, Olimpia Meucci
The chemokine CXCL12 is a highly conserved peptide that regulates homeostatic processes in the brain throughout life. Recent work shows that CXCL12 increases dendritic spine density in cortical neurons, which requires activation of CXCL12's receptor CXCR4. This same pathway reverses cortical dendritic spine deficits and cognitive impairment in an animal model of neuroHIV. However, it remained unclear
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Sex Differences in Histamine Regulation of Striatal Dopamine J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-11 Meghan Van Zandt, Christopher Pittenger
Dopamine modulation of the basal ganglia differs in males and females and is implicated in numerous neuropsychiatric conditions, including some, like Tourette syndrome (TS) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), that have marked sex differences in prevalence. Genetic studies in TS and subsequent work in animals suggest that a loss of histamine may contribute to dysregulation of dopamine
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Zooming In and Out: Selective Attention Modulates Color Signals in Early Visual Cortex for Narrow and Broad Ranges of Task-Relevant Features J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-11 Mert Özkan, Angus F. Chapman, Viola S. Störmer
Research on feature-based attention has shown that selecting a specific visual feature (e.g., the color red) results in enhanced processing in early visual cortex, providing the neural basis for the efficient identification of relevant features in many everyday tasks. However, many situations require the selection of entire feature ranges instead of just a single feature value, and recent accounts
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PVN-NAc Shell-VP Circuit OT and OTR Neurons Regulate Pair Bonding via D2R and D1R J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-11 Lizi Zhang, Yishan Qu, Lu Li, Yahan Sun, Wei Qian, Jiayu Xiao, Kaizhe Huang, Xiao Han, Haiwei Niu, Luoman Li, Jing Liu, Hui Qiao, Rui Jia, Ting Lian, Zhixiong He, Fadao Tai
Previous studies have found that several neurochemicals are involved in formation of pair bonding. However, the circuit mechanisms underlying pair bonding, especially how these chemicals interact in this circuit to regulate pair bonding, remain unclear. Using male mandarin voles, the present study shows that cohabitation with a partner increased the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic
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Target Selection Signals Causally Influence Human Perceptual Decision-Making J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-11 Daniel J. Pearce, Gerard M. Loughnane, Trevor T.-J. Chong, Nele Demeyere, Jason B. Mattingley, Margaret J. Moore, Peter W. New, Redmond G. O’Connell, Megan H. O’Neill, Dragan Rangelov, Renerus J. Stolwyk, Sam S. Webb, Shou-Han Zhou, Méadhbh B. Brosnan, Mark A. Bellgrove
The ability to form decisions is a foundational cognitive function which is impaired across many psychiatric and neurological conditions. Understanding the neural processes underpinning clinical deficits may provide insights into the fundamental mechanisms of decision-making. The N2c has been identified as an EEG signal indexing the efficiency of early target selection, which subsequently influences
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Neural Signatures of Flexible Multiple Timing J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-11 Shahar Haim, Nir Ofir, Leon Y. Deouell, Ayelet N. Landau, Eran Lottem
The human ability to track overlapping and asynchronous time intervals is crucial for a myriad of tasks, from engaging in conversation to driving a car. Additionally, unexpected events can trigger rapid, on-the-fly adjustments, necessitating quick updating of both timing intervals and action planning. Such events require immediate recalibration of decision variables to allow the system to promptly
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The Neurobiology of Cognitive Fatigue and Its Influence on Effort-Based Choice J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-11 Grace Steward, Vivian Looi, Vikram S. Chib
Feelings of cognitive fatigue emerge through repeated mental exertion and are ubiquitous in our daily lives. However, there is a limited understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the influence of cognitive fatigue on decisions to exert. We use functional magnetic resonance imaging while participants (18 females, 10 males) chose to exert effort for reward, before and after bouts of
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Stereotyped Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Spontaneous Activity in Visual Cortex Prior to Eye Opening J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-11 Luna Kettlewell, Audrey Sederberg, Gordon B. Smith
Over the course of development, functional sensory representations emerge in the visual cortex. Prior to eye opening, modular patterns of spontaneous activity form long-range networks that may serve as a precursor for mature network organization. Although the spatial structure of these networks has been well studied, their temporal features, which may contribute to their continued plasticity and development
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Continuous Diffusion-Detected Neuroplasticity during Motor Learning J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-11 Naama Friedman, Cfir Malovani, Inbar Perets, Etai Kenin, Michal Bernstein-Eliav, Ido Tavor
How does our brain transform when we encounter a new task? To fully answer this question, comparing brain states before and after learning may not be enough, but rather an ongoing, continuous monitoring of brain changes during learning is required. While such continuous examinations of functional learning-induced changes are widely available using functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a continuous
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Gestational Chlorpyrifos Exposure Imparts Lasting Alterations to the Rat Somatosensory Cortex J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-11 Jeffrey A. Koenig, Catherine Haga, Nathan Cramer, Asaf Keller
Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphorus pesticide used extensively in agricultural and residential settings for nearly 60 years. Gestational, subacute exposure to chlorpyrifos is linked to increased prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders. Animal studies have modeled these neurobehavioral detriments; however, the functional alterations in the brain induced by this exposure remain largely unknown. To
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Striatal Dopamine Actions and Movement: Inferences from Parkinson Disease J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-11 Roger L. Albin, James A. Brissenden, Taraz G. Lee, Daniel K. Leventhal
The nature of motor deficits in Parkinson disease (PD) and aspects of their improvements with ʟ-DOPA replacement therapy (LDRT) offer potential insights into striatal dopamine actions. The defining and most LDRT responsive feature of PD, bradykinesia, is a complex phenomenon exhibiting impairments of both simple and complex limb movements. LDRT significantly remediates the former but not the latter
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Protective exercise responses in the dentate gyrus of Alzheimer’s disease mouse model revealed with single-nucleus RNA-sequencing Nat. Neurosci. (IF 21.2) Pub Date : 2025-06-12 Joana F. da Rocha, Michelle L. Lance, Renhao Luo, Pius Schlachter, Luis Moreira, Mohamed Ariff Iqbal, Paula Kuhn, Robert S. Gardner, Sophia Valaris, Mohammad R. Islam, Gabriele M. Gassner, Sofia Mazuera, Kaela Healy, Sanjana Shastri, Nathaniel B. Hibbert, Kristen V. Moran-Figueroa, Erin B. Haley, Ryan D. Pfeiffer, Sema Aygar, Ksenia V. Kastanenka, Logan Brase, Oscar Harari, Bruno A. Benitez, Nathan
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V2b neurons act via multiple targets to produce in phase inhibition during locomotion. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-12 Mohini Sengupta,Alaina Bertram,Shuyu Iris Zhu,Geoff Goodhill,Martha W Bagnall
Spinal interneurons shape motor neuron activity. Gata3+ V2b neurons are a major inhibitory spinal population. These neurons are present at multiple spinal levels in mice, suggesting an important function in motor control. In zebrafish, our previous work showed that V2b neurons are evenly distributed along the spinal cord, where they act to slow down locomotion. However, the timing of V2b activity during
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A flexible hippocampal population code for experience relative to reward Nat. Neurosci. (IF 21.2) Pub Date : 2025-06-11 Marielena Sosa, Mark H. Plitt, Lisa M. Giocomo
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Stimulants for disorders of consciousness in the intensive care unit: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial Brain (IF 10.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-11 Marwan H Othman, Attila Géry Toury-Puel, Karen Irgens Tanderup Hansen, Moshgan Amiri, Pardis Zarifkar, Costanza Peinkhofer, Sarah Gharabaghi Stückler, Markus Harboe Olsen, Jens Bjerregaard, Margit Smitt, Anna Søgaard Magnussen, Axel Forsse, Jacob Møller, Marie Katrine Klose Nielsen, Cecilie Høgfeldt Jessen, Christian Hassager, Simon Hyttel-Sørensen, Anders Perner, Morten Hylander Møller, Peter Hasse
In the intensive care unit (ICU), management of unresponsive patients with brain injury focuses on preventing secondary brain damage. Therapeutic strategies that directly promote the recovery of consciousness are urgently needed. In an investigator-initiated, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over trial, we studied the effects of apomorphine and methylphenidate in ICU patients with
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Motor recovery through perineuronal net modulation in a Parkinson’s disease mouse model Brain (IF 10.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-11 David Benacom, Camille Chataing, Alain Prochiantz, Ariel A Di Nardo
Perineuronal nets are specialized extracellular matrix structures forming preferentially around parvalbumin interneurons to regulate plasticity. While cortical perineuronal nets have been implicated in sensory plasticity and memory modulation, perineuronal nets of the primary motor cortex have been largely overlooked. We found that transient reduction of primary motor cortex perineuronal nets by ChABC
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POU3F2 regulates canonical Wnt signalling via SOX13 and ADNP to expand the neural progenitor population Brain (IF 10.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-11 Courtney R Benoit, Lilia B Sattler, Aimee J Aylward, Olivia Pembridge, Bella Kim, Christina R Muratore, Meichen Liao, Amy He, Nancy Ashour, Seeley B Fancher, Alexandra M Lish, Richard V Pearse, Joseph D Buxbaum, Tracy L Young-Pearse
Loss-of-function mutations in the transcription factor POU3F2 have been identified in individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders. To elucidate the mechanistic role of POU3F2 in human neurodevelopment, we induced POU3F2 disruption in human neural progenitor cells (NPCs). Mutation of POU3F2 in NPCs causes reduced baseline canonical Wnt signalling and decreased proliferation, resulting in premature
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Deciphering DST-associated disorders: biallelic variants affecting DST-b cause a congenital myopathy Brain (IF 10.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-11 Maureen Jacob, Heike Kölbel, Philip Harrer, Robert Kopajtich, Pinki Munot, Melanie T Achleitner, Susann Badmann, Melanie Brugger, Theresa Brunet, Gisèle Bonne, Marta Codina, Laura Ebner, Peyman Eshraghi, Katharina Eyring, Ahmad Shah Farhat, René G Feichtinger, Elisabeth Graf, Anna Marcé-Grau, Andreas Hahn, Henry Houlden, Ehsan Ghayoor Karimiani, Véronique Manel, Katharina Mayerhanser, Juliette Nectoux
Dystonin (DST) encodes three major isoforms, DST-a, DST-b, and DST-e. Biallelic pathogenic variants in DST have previously been associated with two allelic monogenic disorders: Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathy type VI (caused by a loss of DST-a) and Epidermolysis bullosa simplex 3 (caused by a loss of DST-e). We investigated patients diagnosed with congenital myopathy using exome or genome
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Suppression of binge alcohol drinking by an inhibitory neuronal ensemble in the mouse medial orbitofrontal cortex Nat. Neurosci. (IF 21.2) Pub Date : 2025-06-10 Pablo Gimenez-Gomez, Timmy Le, Max Zinter, Peter M’Angale, Violeta Duran-Laforet, Timothy G. Freels, Rebecca Pavchinskiy, Susanna Molas, Dorothy P. Schafer, Andrew R. Tapper, Travis Thomson, Gilles E. Martin
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Voltage imaging reveals circuit computations in the raphe underlying serotonin-mediated motor vigor learning Neuron (IF 14.7) Pub Date : 2025-06-10 Takashi Kawashima, Ziqiang Wei, Ravid Haruvi, Inbal Shainer, Sujatha Narayan, Herwig Baier, Misha B. Ahrens
As animals adapt to new situations, neuromodulation is a potent way to alter behavior, yet mechanisms by which neuromodulatory nuclei compute during behavior are underexplored. The serotonergic raphe supports motor learning in larval zebrafish by visually detecting distance traveled during swims, encoding action effectiveness, and modulating motor vigor. We tracked the raphe’s input-output computations
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Disentangling epilepsy and dementia: more to do, together Brain (IF 10.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-10 Arjune Sen
This scientific commentary refers to ‘The association of seizure control with neuropathology in dementia’ by Zawar et al. (https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awaf017).
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Disease spectrum and long-term prognosis of patients with BAG3-associated neuromuscular diseases in Europe Brain (IF 10.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-10 Gorka Fernández-Eulate, Cyril Gitiaux, Simone Thiele, Heinz Jungbluth, Anna Potulska-Chromik, Chiara Marini-Bettolo, Jean Baptiste Davion, Germán Morís, Eduard Gallardo, Montsé Olivé, Carlos Pablo de Fuenmayor-Fernández de la Hoz, Frederique Audic, Arnaud Isapof, Maggie C Walter, Corrado Angelini, Enrico Bertini, Ulrike Schara-Schmidt, Kristl G Claeys, Maike F Dohrn, Mohamed Dembele, Frederic Fer,
De novo or autosomal dominant BAG3 gene variants cause a wide range of skeletal and cardiac muscle diseases encompassing Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease, myofibrillar myopathy, cardiomyopathy or a combination of them. Given the severity and rarity of BAG3-neuromuscular diseases (NMD), series of patients are lacking. Our aim was to characterize the clinical and genetic spectrum as well as the natural history
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Phospho-CREB regulation on NMDA glutamate receptor 2B and mitochondrial calcium uniporter in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray controls chronic morphine withdrawal in male rats. J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2025-06-10 Hyun Yi,Jun Gu,Peter J Hamilton,Shue Liu,Shoumin Zhu,Daigo Ikegami,Kentaro Hayashi,Yuta Kashiwagi,Takafumi Iida,Qiaofeng Liu,Xun Zhu,Xiaoying Tong,Dunfa Peng,Gerald Z Zhuang,Marta Pardo,Wael El-Rifai,Roy C Levitt,Eric J Nestler,Shuanglin Hao
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a chronic disease of the brain, and it currently continues at crisis proportions in the United States. Opioid physical withdrawal is a major driver of compulsive drug-taking behavior, triggering short-term relapse of opioid addiction. Early pharmacological evidence shows that midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG) plays an important role in morphine withdrawal (MW). However
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A route for cerebrospinal fluid flow through leptomeningeal arterial–venous overlaps enables macromolecule and fluid shunting Nat. Neurosci. (IF 21.2) Pub Date : 2025-06-09 Benjamin A. Plog, Kyungdeok Kim, Daan Verhaege, Min Woo Kim, Zachary Papadopoulos, Krikor Dikranian, Taitea Dykstra, Jay Cao, Richard J. Perrin, Katherine E. Schwetye, Jonathan Kipnis, Antoine Drieu
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Expanding the phenotype of SORD mutation. Brain (IF 10.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-09 Roxane Pruvost,Arnaud Bruneel,Nicolas Dochez,Grégory Kuchcinski,Vianney Poinsignon,Céline Tard