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The Vestibulospinal Nucleus Is a Locus of Balance Development J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-24 Kyla R. Hamling, Katherine Harmon, Yukiko Kimura, Shin-ichi Higashijima, David Schoppik
Mature vertebrates maintain posture using vestibulospinal neurons that transform sensed instability into reflexive commands to spinal motor circuits. Postural stability improves across development. However, due to the complexity of terrestrial locomotion, vestibulospinal contributions to postural refinement in early life remain unexplored. Here we leveraged the relative simplicity of underwater locomotion
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Tracking the Misallocation and Reallocation of Spatial Attention toward Auditory Stimuli J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-24 Ananya Mandal, Anna M. Liesefeld, Heinrich R. Liesefeld
Completely ignoring a salient distractor presented concurrently with a target is difficult, and sometimes attention is involuntarily attracted to the distractor's location (attentional capture). Employing the N2ac component as a marker of attention allocation toward sounds, in this study we investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics of auditory attention across two experiments. Human participants (male
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A Light-Responsive Neural Circuit Suppresses Feeding J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-24 Hailan Liu, Na Qu, Natalia Valdez Gonzalez, Marco A. Palma, Huamin Chen, Jiani Xiong, Abhinav Choubey, Yongxiang Li, Xin Li, Meng Yu, Hesong Liu, Longlong Tu, Nan Zhang, Na Yin, Kristine Marie Conde, Mengjie Wang, Jonathan Carter Bean, Junying Han, Nikolas Anthony Scarcelli, Yongjie Yang, Kenji Saito, Huxing Cui, Qingchun Tong, Zheng Sun, Chunmei Wang, Xing Cai, Li Lu, Yang He, Yong Xu
Light plays an essential role in a variety of physiological processes, including vision, mood, and glucose homeostasis. However, the intricate relationship between light and an animal's feeding behavior has remained elusive. Here, we found that light exposure suppresses food intake, whereas darkness amplifies it in male mice. Interestingly, this phenomenon extends its reach to diurnal male Nile grass
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Decoding Remapped Spatial Information in the Peri-Saccadic Period J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-24 Caoimhe Moran, Philippa A. Johnson, Ayelet N. Landau, Hinze Hogendoorn
It has been suggested that, prior to a saccade, visual neurons predictively respond to stimuli that will fall in their receptive fields after completion of the saccade. This saccadic remapping process is thought to compensate for the shift of the visual world across the retina caused by eye movements. To map the timing of this predictive process in the brain, we recorded neural activity using electroencephalography
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Mixed Representations of Sound and Action in the Auditory Midbrain J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-24 Gunnar L. Quass, Meike M. Rogalla, Alexander N. Ford, Pierre F. Apostolides
Linking sensory input and its consequences is a fundamental brain operation. During behavior, the neural activity of neocortical and limbic systems often reflects dynamic combinations of sensory and task-dependent variables, and these "mixed representations" are suggested to be important for perception, learning, and plasticity. However, the extent to which such integrative computations might occur
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Electrophysiological Mechanisms and Validation of Ferritin-Based Magnetogenetics for Remote Control of Neurons J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-24 Miriam Hernández-Morales, Koyam Morales-Weil, Sang Min Han, Victor Han, Tiffany Tran, Eric J. Benner, Kelly Pegram, Jenna Meanor, Evan W. Miller, Richard H. Kramer, Chunlei Liu
Magnetogenetics was developed to remotely control genetically targeted neurons. A variant of magnetogenetics uses magnetic fields to activate transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) channels when coupled with ferritin. Stimulation with static or RF magnetic fields of neurons expressing these channels induces Ca2+ transients and modulates behavior. However, the validity of ferritin-based magnetogenetics
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Cell- and Pathway-Specific Disruptions in the Accumbens of Fragile X Mouse J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-24 Gabriele Giua, Jessica Pereira-Silva, Alba Caceres-Rodriguez, Olivier Lassalle, Pascale Chavis, Olivier J. Manzoni
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a genetic cause of intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. The mesocorticolimbic system, which includes the prefrontal cortex (PFC), basolateral amygdala (BLA), and nucleus accumbens core (NAcC), is essential for regulating socioemotional behaviors. We employed optogenetics to compare the functional properties of the BLA->NAcC, PFC->NAcC, and reciprocal PFCBLA
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Segmenting and Predicting Musical Phrase Structure Exploits Neural Gain Modulation and Phase Precession J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-24 Xiangbin Teng, Pauline Larrouy-Maestri, David Poeppel
Music, like spoken language, is often characterized by hierarchically organized structure. Previous experiments have shown neural tracking of notes and beats, but little work touches on the more abstract question: how does the brain establish high-level musical structures in real time? We presented Bach chorales to participants (20 females and 9 males) undergoing electroencephalogram (EEG) recording
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{beta}-arrestins Are Scaffolding Proteins Required for Shh-Mediated Axon Guidance J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-24 Rachelle Sauvé, Steves Morin, Patricia T. Yam, Frédéric Charron
During nervous system development, Sonic hedgehog (Shh) guides developing commissural axons toward the floor plate of the spinal cord. To guide axons, Shh binds to its receptor Boc and activates downstream effectors such as Smoothened (Smo) and Src family kinases (SFKs). SFK activation requires Smo activity and is also required for Shh-mediated axon guidance. Here we report that β-arrestin1 and β-arrestin2
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Neural Representation of Valenced and Generic Probability and Uncertainty J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-24 Jae-Chang Kim, Lydia Hellrung, Marcus Grueschow, Stephan Nebe, Zoltan Nagy, Philippe N. Tobler
Representing the probability and uncertainty of outcomes facilitates adaptive behavior by allowing organisms to prepare in advance and devote attention to relevant events. Probability and uncertainty are often studied only for valenced (appetitive or aversive) outcomes, raising the question of whether the identified neural machinery also processes the probability and uncertainty of motivationally neutral
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Endoplasmic Reticulum and Mitochondrial Calcium Handling Dynamically Shape Slow Afterhyperpolarizations in Vasopressin Magnocellular Neurons J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-24 Matthew K. Kirchner, Ferdinand Althammer, Elba Campos-Lira, Juliana Montanez, Javier E. Stern
Many neurons including vasopressin (VP) magnocellular neurosecretory cells (MNCs) of the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus (SON) generate afterhyperpolarizations (AHPs) during spiking to slow firing, a phenomenon known as spike frequency adaptation. The AHP is underlain by Ca2+-activated K+ currents, and while slow component (sAHP) features are well described, its mechanism remains poorly understood
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A Reinterpretation of the Relationship between Persistent and Resurgent Sodium Currents J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Samuel P. Brown, Ryan J. Lawson, Jonathan D. Moreno, Joseph L. Ransdell
The resurgent sodium current (INaR) activates on membrane repolarization, such as during the downstroke of neuronal action potentials. Due to its unique activation properties, INaR is thought to drive high rates of repetitive neuronal firing. However, INaR is often studied in combination with the persistent or noninactivating portion of sodium currents (INaP). We used dynamic clamp to test how INaR
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Neutral or Detrimental Effects of TREM2 Agonist Antibodies in Preclinical Models of Alzheimers Disease and Multiple Sclerosis J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Ainhoa Etxeberria, Yun-An A. Shen, Stephen Vito, Sean M. Silverman, Jose Imperio, Guita Lalehzadeh, Allison L. Soung, Changchun Du, Luke Xie, Man Kin Choy, Yi-chun Hsiao, Hai Ngu, Chang Hoon Cho, Soumitra Ghosh, Gloriia Novikova, Mitchell G. Rezzonico, Rebecca Leahey, Martin Weber, Alvin Gogineni, Justin Elstrott, Monica Xiong, Jacob J. Greene, Kimberly L. Stark, Pamela Chan, Gillie A. Roth, Max Adrian
Human genetics and preclinical studies have identified key contributions of TREM2 to several neurodegenerative conditions, inspiring efforts to modulate TREM2 therapeutically. Here, we characterize the activities of three TREM2 agonist antibodies in multiple mixed-sex mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and remyelination. Receptor activation and downstream signaling are explored in vitro
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Distinctive Neurophysiological Signatures of Analgesia after Inflammatory Pain in the ACC of Freely Moving Mice J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Samuel T. Kissinger, Estefania O’neil, Baolin Li, Kirk W. Johnson, Jeffrey L. Krajewski, Akihiko S. Kato
Preclinical assessments of pain have often relied upon behavioral measurements and anesthetized neurophysiological recordings. Current technologies enabling large-scale neural recordings, however, have the potential to unveil quantifiable pain signals in conscious animals for preclinical studies. Although pain processing is distributed across many brain regions, the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC)
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A Prelimbic Cortex-Thalamus Circuit Bidirectionally Regulates Innate and Stress-Induced Anxiety-Like Behavior J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Sheng-Rong Zhang, Ding-Yu Wu, Rong Luo, Jian-Lin Wu, Hao Chen, Zi-Ming Li, Jia-Pai Zhuang, Neng-Yuan Hu, Xiao-Wen Li, Jian-Ming Yang, Tian-Ming Gao, Yi-Hua Chen
Anxiety-related disorders respond to cognitive behavioral therapies, which involved the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Previous studies have suggested that subregions of the mPFC have different and even opposite roles in regulating innate anxiety. However, the specific causal targets of their descending projections in modulating innate anxiety and stress-induced anxiety have yet to be fully elucidated
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Computation on Demand: Action-Specific Representations of Visual Task Features Arise during Distinct Movement Phases J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Nina Lee, Lin Lawrence Guo, Adrian Nestor, Matthias Niemeier
The intention to act influences the computations of various task-relevant features. However, little is known about the time course of these computations. Furthermore, it is commonly held that these computations are governed by conjunctive neural representations of the features. But, support for this view comes from paradigms arbitrarily combining task features and affordances, thus requiring representations
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The Small G-Protein Rac1 in the Dorsomedial Striatum Promotes Alcohol-Dependent Structural Plasticity and Goal-Directed Learning in Mice J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Zachary W. Hoisington, Alexandra Salvi, Sophie Laguesse, Yann Ehinger, Chhavi Shukla, Khanhky Phamluong, Dorit Ron
The small G-protein Ras–related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) promotes the formation of filamentous actin (F-actin). Actin is a major component of dendritic spines, and we previously found that alcohol alters actin composition and dendritic spine structure in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and the dorsomedial striatum (DMS). To examine if Rac1 contributes to these alcohol-mediated adaptations
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Development of the Fetal Brain Corticocortical Structural Network during the Second-to-Third Trimester Based on Diffusion MRI J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Ruike Chen, Ruoke Zhao, Haotian Li, Xinyi Xu, Mingyang Li, Zhiyong Zhao, Cong Sun, Guangbin Wang, Dan Wu
During the second-to-third trimester, the neuronal pathways of the fetal brain experience rapid development, resulting in the complex architecture of the interwired network at birth. While diffusion MRI-based tractography has been employed to study the prenatal development of structural connectivity network (SCN) in preterm neonatal and postmortem fetal brains, the in utero development of SCN in the
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Sex Differences in Dopamine Release in Nucleus Accumbens and Dorsal Striatum Determined by Chronic Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry: Effects of Social Housing and Repeated Stimulation J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Ivette L. Gonzalez, Christopher A. Turner, Paras R. Patel, Noah B. Leonardo, Brandon D. Luma, Julianna M. Richie, Dawen Cai, Cynthia A. Chestek, Jill B. Becker
We investigated sex differences in dopamine (DA) release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and dorsolateral striatum (DLS) using a chronic 16-channel carbon fiber electrode and fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV). Electrical stimulation-induced (ES; 60 Hz) DA release was recorded in the NAc of single- or pair-housed male and female rats. When core (NAcC) and shell (NAcS) were recorded simultaneously,
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Selective Enhancement of REM Sleep in Male Rats through Activation of Melatonin MT1 Receptors Located in the Locus Ceruleus Norepinephrine Neurons J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Martha López-Canul, Qianzi He, Tania Sasson, Mohamed Ettaoussi, Danilo De Gregorio, Rafael Ochoa-Sanchez, Helene Catoire, Luca Posa, Guy Rouleau, Jean Martin Beaulieu, Stefano Comai, Gabriella Gobbi
Sleep disorders affect millions of people around the world and have a high comorbidity with psychiatric disorders. While current hypnotics mostly increase non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREMS), drugs acting selectively on enhancing rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) are lacking. This polysomnographic study in male rats showed that the first-in-class selective melatonin MT1 receptor partial agonist UCM871
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Calcineurin and CK2 Reciprocally Regulate Synaptic AMPA Receptor Phenotypes via {alpha}2{delta}-1 in Spinal Excitatory Neurons J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Yuying Huang (黄玉莹), Jian-Ying Shao (邵建英), Hong Chen (陈红), Jing-Jing Zhou (周京京), Shao-Rui Chen (陈少瑞), Hui-Lin Pan (潘惠麟)
Calcineurin inhibitors, such as cyclosporine and tacrolimus (FK506), are commonly used immunosuppressants for preserving transplanted organs and tissues. However, these drugs can cause severe and persistent pain. GluA2-lacking, calcium-permeable AMPA receptors (CP-AMPARs) are implicated in various neurological disorders, including neuropathic pain. It is unclear whether and how constitutive calcineurin
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Distinct Action Signals by Subregions in the Nucleus Accumbens during STOP-Change Performance J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Sydney E. Ashton, Paul Sharalla, Naru Kang, Adam T. Brockett, Margaret M. McCarthy, Matthew R. Roesch
The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is thought to contribute to motivated behavior by signaling the value of reward-predicting cues and the delivery of anticipated reward. The NAc is subdivided into core and shell, with each region containing different populations of neurons that increase or decrease firing to rewarding events. While there are numerous theories of functions pertaining to these subregions and
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Norepinephrine Drives Sleep Fragmentation Activation of Asparagine Endopeptidase, Locus Ceruleus Degeneration, and Hippocampal Amyloid-{beta}42 Accumulation J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-10 Kathy Zhang, Yan Zhu, Polina Fenik, Dennis Fleysh, Colin Ly, Steven A. Thomas, Sigrid Veasey
Chronic sleep disruption (CSD), from insufficient or fragmented sleep and is an important risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Underlying mechanisms are not understood. CSD in mice results in degeneration of locus ceruleus neurons (LCn) and CA1 hippocampal neurons and increases hippocampal amyloid-β42 (Aβ42), entorhinal cortex (EC) tau phosphorylation (p-tau), and glial reactivity. LCn injury
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Dissociated Representation of Binaural Cues in Single-Sided Deafness: Implications for Cochlear Implantation J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-10 Peter Hubka, Leonard Schmidt, Jochen Tillein, Peter Baumhoff, Wiebke Konerding, Rüdiger Land, Mika Sato, Andrej Kral
Congenital single-sided deafness (SSD) leads to an aural preference syndrome that is characterized by overrepresentation of the hearing ear in the auditory system. Cochlear implantation (CI) of the deaf ear is an effective treatment for SSD. However, the newly introduced auditory input in congenital SSD often does not reach expectations in late-implanted CI recipients with respect to binaural hearing
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N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor-Antibody Encephalitis Impairs Maintenance of Attention to Items in Working Memory J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-10 Afrose Dor, Corin Harrison, Sarosh R. Irani, Adam Al-Diwani, John Grogan, Sanjay Manohar
NMDA receptors (NMDARs) may be crucial to working memory (WM). Computational models predict that they sustain neural firing and produce associative memory, which may underpin maintaining and binding information, respectively. We test this in patients with antibodies to NMDAR (n = 10, female) and compare them with healthy control participants (n = 55, 20 male, 35 female). Patients were tested after
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Molecular Characterization of Nodose Ganglia Development Reveals a Novel Population of Phox2b+ Glial Progenitors in Mice J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-10 Elijah D. Lowenstein, Aristotelis Misios, Sven Buchert, Pierre-Louis Ruffault
The vagal ganglia, comprised of the superior (jugular) and inferior (nodose) ganglia of the vagus nerve, receive somatosensory information from the head and neck or viscerosensory information from the inner organs, respectively. Developmentally, the cranial neural crest gives rise to all vagal glial cells and to neurons of the jugular ganglia, while the epibranchial placode gives rise to neurons of
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G272V and P301L Mutations Induce Isoform Specific Tau Mislocalization to Dendritic Spines and Synaptic Dysfunctions in Cellular Models of 3R and 4R Tau Frontotemporal Dementia J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-10 Ke Yu, Katherine R. Yao, Miguel A. Aguinaga, Jessica M. Choquette, Chengliang Liu, Yuxin Wang, Dezhi Liao
Tau pathologies are detected in the brains of some of the most common neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Lewy body dementia (LBD), chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Tau proteins are expressed in six isoforms with either three or four microtubule-binding repeats (3R tau or 4R tau) due to alternative RNA splicing. AD, LBD, and CTE brains
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Speech Prosody Serves Temporal Prediction of Language via Contextual Entrainment J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-10 Yulia Lamekina, Lorenzo Titone, Burkhard Maess, Lars Meyer
Temporal prediction assists language comprehension. In a series of recent behavioral studies, we have shown that listeners specifically employ rhythmic modulations of prosody to estimate the duration of upcoming sentences, thereby speeding up comprehension. In the current human magnetoencephalography (MEG) study on participants of either sex, we show that the human brain achieves this function through
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Trans-synaptic Association of Vesicular Zinc Transporter 3 and Shank3 Supports Synapse-Specific Dendritic Spine Structure and Function in the Mouse Auditory Cortex J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-10 Abbey Manning, Philip T. R. Bender, Helen Boyd-Pratt, Benjamin Z. Mendelson, Martin Hruska, Charles T. Anderson
Shank3 is a synaptic scaffolding protein that assists in tethering and organizing structural proteins and glutamatergic receptors in the postsynaptic density of excitatory synapses. The localization of Shank3 at excitatory synapses and the formation of stable Shank3 complexes is regulated by the binding of zinc to the C-terminal sterile-alpha-motif (SAM) domain of Shank3. Mutations in the SAM domain
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Pain Hypersensitivity in SLURP1 and SLURP2 Knock-out Mouse Models of Hereditary Palmoplantar Keratoderma J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-10 Rachel L. Weinberg, Suyeon Kim, Zixuan Pang, Sandy Awad, Tyger Hanback, Baohan Pan, Leonie Bettin, Dennis Chang, Michael J. Polydefkis, Lintao Qu, Michael J. Caterina
SLURP1 and SLURP2 are both small secreted members of the Ly6/u-PAR family of proteins and are highly expressed in keratinocytes. Loss-of-function mutations in SLURP1 lead to a rare autosomal recessive palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK), Mal de Meleda (MdM), which is characterized by diffuse, yellowish palmoplantar hyperkeratosis. Some individuals with MdM experience pain in conjunction with the hyperkeratosis
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A Comparison of Rapid Rule-Learning Strategies in Humans and Monkeys J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-10 Vishwa Goudar, Jeong-Woo Kim, Yue Liu, Adam J. O. Dede, Michael J. Jutras, Ivan Skelin, Michael Ruvalcaba, William Chang, Bhargavi Ram, Adrienne L. Fairhall, Jack J. Lin, Robert T. Knight, Elizabeth A. Buffalo, Xiao-Jing Wang
Interspecies comparisons are key to deriving an understanding of the behavioral and neural correlates of human cognition from animal models. We perform a detailed comparison of the strategies of female macaque monkeys to male and female humans on a variant of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), a widely studied and applied task that provides a multiattribute measure of cognitive function and depends
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Obesity Alters POMC and Kisspeptin Neuron Cross Talk Leading to Reduced Luteinizing Hormone in Male Mice J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-10 Pedro A. Villa, Rebecca E. Ruggiero-Ruff, Bradley B. Jamieson, Rebecca E. Campbell, Djurdjica Coss
Obesity is associated with hypogonadism in males, characterized by low testosterone and sperm number. Previous studies determined that these stem from dysregulation of hypothalamic circuitry that regulates reproduction, by unknown mechanisms. Herein, we used mice fed chronic high-fat diet, which mimics human obesity, to determine mechanisms of impairment at the level of the hypothalamus, in particular
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Trying Harder: How Cognitive Effort Sculpts Neural Representations during Working Memory J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-10 Sarah L. Master, Shanshan Li, Clayton E. Curtis
While the exertion of mental effort improves performance on cognitive tasks, the neural mechanisms by which motivational factors impact cognition remain unknown. Here, we used fMRI to test how changes in cognitive effort, induced by changes in task difficulty, impact neural representations of working memory (WM). Participants (both sexes) were precued whether WM difficulty would be hard or easy. We
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Dysregulated Cholinergic Signaling Inhibits Oligodendrocyte Maturation Following Demyelination J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-10 Roopa Ravichandar, Farah Gadelkarim, Rupadevi Muthaiah, Nicolas Glynos, Kateryna Murlanova, Nagendra K. Rai, Darpan Saraswat, Jessie J. Polanco, Ranjan Dutta, Dinesh Pal, Fraser J. Sim
Dysregulation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) recruitment and oligodendrocyte differentiation contribute to failure of remyelination in human demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Deletion of muscarinic receptor enhances OPC differentiation and remyelination. However, the role of ligand-dependent signaling versus constitutive receptor activation is unknown. We hypothesized
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Orexin Facilitates the Peripheral Chemoreflex via Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Neurons Projecting to the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-03 Ruwaida Ben Musa, Jennifer Cornelius-Green, Hua Zhang, De-Pei Li, David D. Kline, Eileen M. Hasser, Kevin J. Cummings
We previously showed that orexin neurons are activated by hypoxia and facilitate the peripheral chemoreflex (PCR)-mediated hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR), mostly by promoting the respiratory frequency response. Orexin neurons project to the nucleus of the solitary tract (nTS) and the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN). The PVN contributes significantly to the PCR and contains nTS-projecting
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Rab6-Mediated Polarized Transport of Synaptic Vesicle Precursors Is Essential for the Establishment of Neuronal Polarity and Brain Formation J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-03 Yu Zhang, Masataka Kunii, Manabu Taniguchi, Shin-ichiro Yoshimura, Akihiro Harada
Neurons are highly polarized cells that are composed of a single axon and multiple dendrites. Axon–dendrite polarity is essential for proper tissue formation and brain functions. Intracellular protein transport plays an important role in the establishment of neuronal polarity. However, the regulatory mechanism of polarized transport remains unclear. Here, we show that Rab6, a small GTPase that acts
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Electrophysiological Correlates of Dentate Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation for Poststroke Motor Recovery J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-03 Raghavan Gopalakrishnan, David A. Cunningham, Olivia Hogue, Madeleine Schroedel, Brett A. Campbell, Kenneth B. Baker, Andre G. Machado
While ipsilesional cortical electroencephalography has been associated with poststroke recovery mechanisms and outcomes, the role of the cerebellum and its interaction with the ipsilesional cortex is still largely unknown. We have previously shown that poststroke motor control relies on increased corticocerebellar coherence (CCC) in the low beta band to maintain motor task accuracy and to compensate
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Mutation of the ALS-/FTD-Associated RNA-Binding Protein FUS Affects Axonal Development J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-03 Francesca W. van Tartwijk, Lucia C. S. Wunderlich, Ioanna Mela, Stanislaw Makarchuk, Maximilian A. H. Jakobs, Seema Qamar, Kristian Franze, Gabriele S. Kaminski Schierle, Peter H. St George-Hyslop, Julie Qiaojin Lin, Christine E. Holt, Clemens F. Kaminski
Aberrant condensation and localization of the RNA-binding protein (RBP) fused in sarcoma (FUS) occur in variants of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Changes in RBP function are commonly associated with changes in axonal cytoskeletal organization and branching in neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we asked whether branching defects also occur in vivo in a model
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State-Dependent tACS Effects Reveal the Potential Causal Role of Prestimulus Alpha Traveling Waves in Visual Contrast Detection J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-03 Jinwen Wei, Andrea Alamia, Ziqing Yao, Gan Huang, Linling Li, Zhen Liang, Li Zhang, Changsong Zhou, Zhenxi Song, Zhiguo Zhang
The intricate relationship between prestimulus alpha oscillations and visual contrast detection variability has been the focus of numerous studies. However, the causal impact of prestimulus alpha traveling waves on visual contrast detection remains largely unexplored. In our research, we sought to discern the causal link between prestimulus alpha traveling waves and visual contrast detection across
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Ablation of Fatty Acid Transport Protein-4 Enhances Cone Survival, M-cone Vision, and Synthesis of Cone-Tropic 9-cis-Retinal in rd12 Mouse Model of Leber Congenital Amaurosis J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-03 Songhua Li, Minghao Jin
The canonical visual cycle employing RPE65 as the retinoid isomerase regenerates 11-cis-retinal to support both rod- and cone-mediated vision. Mutations of RPE65 are associated with Leber congenital amaurosis that results in rod and cone photoreceptor degeneration and vision loss of affected patients at an early age. Dark-reared Rpe65–/– mouse has been known to form isorhodopsin that employs 9-cis-retinal
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The Network Structure of Cognitive Impairment: From Subjective Cognitive Decline to Alzheimer's Disease J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-03 Giorgia Tosi, Salvatore Nigro, Daniele Urso, Vittoria Spinosa, Valentina Gnoni, Marco Filardi, Francesco Giaquinto, Ezia Rizzi, Marika Iaia, Luigi Macchitella, Ylenia Chiarello, Federico Ferrari, Paola Angelelli, Daniele Romano, Giancarlo Logroscino
It was proposed that a reorganization of the relationships between cognitive functions occurs in dementia, a vision that surpasses the idea of a mere decline of specific domains. The complexity of cognitive structure, as assessed by neuropsychological tests, can be captured by exploratory graph analysis (EGA). EGA was applied to the neuropsychological assessment of people (humans) with subjective cognitive
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Complexity Matters: Normalization to Prototypical Viewpoint Induces Memory Distortion along the Vertical Axis of Scenes J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-03 Yichen Wu(吴奕忱), Sheng Li(李晟)
Scene memory is prone to systematic distortions potentially arising from experience with the external world. Boundary transformation, a well-known memory distortion effect along the near-far axis of the three-dimensional space, represents the observer's erroneous recall of scenes’ viewing distance. Researchers argued that normalization to the prototypical viewpoint with the high-probability viewing
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Regulation of the Mouse Ventral Tegmental Area by Melanin-Concentrating Hormone J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-03 Carl Duncan Spencer, Persephone A. Miller, Jesukhogie G. Williams-Ikhenoba, Ralitsa G. Nikolova, Melissa J. Chee
Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) acts via its sole receptor MCHR1 in rodents and is an important regulator of homeostatic behaviors like feeding, sleep, and mood to impact overall energy balance. The loss of MCH signaling by MCH or MCHR1 deletion produces hyperactive mice with increased energy expenditure, and these effects are consistently associated with a hyperdopaminergic state. We recently
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MEG Evidence That Modality-Independent Conceptual Representations Contain Semantic and Visual Features J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-03 Julien Dirani, Liina Pylkkänen
The semantic knowledge stored in our brains can be accessed from different stimulus modalities. For example, a picture of a cat and the word "cat" both engage similar conceptual representations. While existing research has found evidence for modality-independent representations, their content remains unknown. Modality-independent representations could be semantic, or they might also contain perceptual
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Sex-Specific Mechanisms Underlie Long-Term Potentiation at Hippocampus->Medium Spiny Neuron Synapses in the Medial Shell of the Nucleus Accumbens J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-03 Ashley E. Copenhaver, Tara A. LeGates
Sex differences have complicated our understanding of the neurobiological basis of many behaviors that are key for survival. As such, continued elucidation of the similarities and differences between sexes is necessary to gain insight into brain function and vulnerability. The connection between the hippocampus (Hipp) and nucleus accumbens (NAc) is a crucial site where modulation of neuronal activity
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Phospholipid Scramblase 1 Controls Efficient Neurotransmission and Synaptic Vesicle Retrieval at Cerebellar Synapses J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-03 Margherita Caputo, Daniela Ivanova, Sylvette Chasserot-Golaz, Frédéric Doussau, Anne-Marie Haeberlé, Cathy Royer, Sebahat Ozkan, Jason Ecard, Nicolas Vitale, Michael A. Cousin, Petra Tóth, Stéphane Gasman, Stéphane Ory
Phospholipids (PLs) are asymmetrically distributed at the plasma membrane. This asymmetric lipid distribution is transiently altered during calcium-regulated exocytosis, but the impact of this transient remodeling on presynaptic function is currently unknown. As phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) randomizes PL distribution between the two leaflets of the plasma membrane in response to calcium activation
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Biophysics of Frequency-Dependent Variation in Paresthesia and Pain Relief during Spinal Cord Stimulation J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Evan R. Rogers, Marco Capogrosso, Scott F. Lempka
The neurophysiological effects of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) for chronic pain are poorly understood, resulting in inefficient failure-prone programming protocols and inadequate pain relief. Nonetheless, novel stimulation patterns are regularly introduced and adopted clinically. Traditionally, paresthetic sensation is considered necessary for pain relief, although novel paradigms provide analgesia
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Linking Cognitive Integrity to Working Memory Dynamics in the Aging Human Brain J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Gina Monov, Henrik Stein, Leonie Klock, Juergen Gallinat, Simone Kühn, Tania Lincoln, Katarina Krkovic, Peter R. Murphy, Tobias H. Donner
Aging is accompanied by a decline of working memory, an important cognitive capacity that involves stimulus-selective neural activity that persists after stimulus presentation. Here, we unraveled working memory dynamics in older human adults (male and female) including those diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) using a combination of behavioral modeling, neuropsychological assessment, and
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Transient Attention Gates Access Consciousness: Coupling N2pc and P3 Latencies Using Dynamic Time Warping J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Mahan Hosseini, Alon Zivony, Martin Eimer, Brad Wyble, Howard Bowman
The N2pc and P3 event-related potentials (ERPs), used to index selective attention and access to working memory and conscious awareness, respectively, have been important tools in cognitive sciences. Although it is likely that these two components and the underlying cognitive processes are temporally and functionally linked, such links have not yet been convincingly demonstrated. Adopting a novel methodological
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Seven Tesla Evidence for Columnar and Rostral-Caudal Organization of the Human Periaqueductal Gray Response in the Absence of Threat: A Working Memory Study J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Alexandra K. Fischbach, Ajay B. Satpute, Karen Quigley, Philip A. Kragel, Danlei Chen, Marta Bianciardi, Larry Wald, Tor D. Wager, Ji-Kyung Choi, Jiahe Zhang, Lisa Feldman Barrett, Jordan E. Theriault
The periaqueductal gray (PAG) is a small midbrain structure that surrounds the cerebral aqueduct, regulates brain–body communication, and is often studied for its role in "fight-or-flight" and "freezing" responses to threat. We used ultra-high-field 7 T fMRI to resolve the PAG in humans and distinguish it from the cerebral aqueduct, examining its in vivo function during a working memory task (N = 87)
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Distinct SAP102 and PSD-95 Nano-organization Defines Multiple Types of Synaptic Scaffold Protein Domains at Single Synapses J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Sarah R. Metzbower, Aaron D. Levy, Poorna A. Dharmasri, Michael C. Anderson, Thomas A. Blanpied
MAGUK scaffold proteins play a central role in maintaining and modulating synaptic signaling, providing a framework to retain and position receptors, signaling molecules, and other synaptic components. In particular, the MAGUKs SAP102 and PSD-95 are essential for synaptic function at distinct developmental timepoints and perform both overlapping and unique roles. While their similar structures allow
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Suspending the Embodied Self in Meditation Attenuates Beta Oscillations in the Posterior Medial Cortex J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Fynn-Mathis Trautwein, Yoav Schweitzer, Yair Dor-Ziderman, Ohad Nave, Yochai Ataria, Stephen Fulder, Aviva Berkovich-Ohana
Human experience is imbued by the sense of being an embodied agent. The investigation of such basic self-consciousness has been hampered by the difficulty of comprehensively modulating it in the laboratory while reliably capturing ensuing subjective changes. The present preregistered study fills this gap by combining advanced meditative states with principled phenomenological interviews: 46 long-term
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The Time-Course of Food Representation in the Human Brain J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Denise Moerel, James Psihoyos, Thomas A. Carlson
Humans make decisions about food every day. The visual system provides important information that forms a basis for these food decisions. Although previous research has focused on visual object and category representations in the brain, it is still unclear how visually presented food is encoded by the brain. Here, we investigate the time-course of food representations in the brain. We used time-resolved
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Neuronal Coupling Modes Show Differential Development in the Early Cortical Activity Networks of Human Newborns J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Pauliina Yrjölä, Sampsa Vanhatalo, Anton Tokariev
The third trimester is a critical period for the development of functional networks that support the lifelong neurocognitive performance, yet the emergence of neuronal coupling in these networks is poorly understood. Here, we used longitudinal high-density electroencephalographic recordings from preterm infants during the period from 33 to 45 weeks of conceptional age (CA) to characterize early spatiotemporal
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Impact of Extracellular Current Flow on Action Potential Propagation in Myelinated Axons J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Nooshin Abdollahi, Steven A. Prescott
Myelinated axons conduct action potentials, or spikes, in a saltatory manner. Inward current caused by a spike occurring at one node of Ranvier spreads axially to the next node, which regenerates the spike when depolarized enough for voltage-gated sodium channels to activate, and so on. The rate at which this process progresses dictates the velocity at which the spike is conducted and depends on several
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Systems Genetics Analyses Reveals Key Genes Related to Behavioral Traits in the Striatum of CFW Mice J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Zhe Han, Chunhua Yang, Hongjie He, Tingting Huang, Quanting Yin, Geng Tian, Yuyong Wu, Wei Hu, Lu Lu, Akhilesh Kumar Bajpai, Jia Mi, Fuyi Xu
The striatum plays a central role in directing many complex behaviors ranging from motor control to action choice and reward learning. In our study, we used 55 male CFW mice with rapid decay linkage disequilibrium to systematically mine the striatum-related behavioral functional genes by analyzing their striatal transcriptomes and 79 measured behavioral phenotypic data. By constructing a gene coexpression
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Striatal Dopamine Contributions to Skilled Motor Learning J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Chris D. Phillips, Alexander T. Hodge, Courtney C. Myers, Daniel K. Leventhal, Christian R. Burgess
Coordinated multijoint limb and digit movements—"manual dexterity"—underlie both specialized skills (e.g., playing the piano) and more mundane tasks (e.g., tying shoelaces). Impairments in dexterous skill cause significant disability, as occurs with motor cortical injury, Parkinson's disease, and a range of other pathologies. Clinical observations, as well as basic investigations, suggest that corticostriatal
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Differential Activation States of Direct Pathway Striatal Output Neurons during L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia Development J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 David A. Figge, Henrique de Amaral Oliveira, Jack Crim, Rita M. Cowell, David G. Standaert, Karen L. Eskow Jaunarajs
l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) is a debilitating motor side effect arising from chronic dopamine (DA) replacement therapy with l-DOPA for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. LID is associated with supersensitivity of striatal dopaminergic signaling and fluctuations in synaptic DA following each l-DOPA dose, shrinking the therapeutic window. The heterogeneous composition of the striatum, including
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Structural Connectivity between Olfactory Tubercle and Ventrolateral Periaqueductal Gray Implicated in Human Feeding Behavior J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-19 Guangyu Zhou, Gregory Lane, Thorsten Kahnt, Christina Zelano
The olfactory tubercle (TUB), also called the tubular striatum, receives direct input from the olfactory bulb and, along with the nucleus accumbens, is one of the two principal components of the ventral striatum. As a key component of the reward system, the ventral striatum is involved in feeding behavior, but the vast majority of research on this structure has focused on the nucleus accumbens, leaving
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C9ORF72 Deficiency Results in Neurodegeneration in the Zebrafish Retina J. Neurosci. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-19 Natalia Jaroszynska, Andrea Salzinger, Themistoklis M. Tsarouchas, Catherina G. Becker, Thomas Becker, David A. Lyons, Ryan B. MacDonald, Marcus Keatinge
Hexanucleotide repeat expansions within the gene C9ORF72 are the most common cause of the neurodegenerative diseases amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). This disease-causing expansion leads to a reduction in C9ORF72 expression levels in patients, suggesting loss of C9ORF72 function could contribute to disease. To further understand the consequences of C9ORF72 deficiency