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GABAergic Inhibition Controls Receptive Field Size, Sensitivity, and Contrast Preference of Direction Selective Retinal Ganglion Cells Near the Threshold of Vision J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Suva Roy, Xiaoyang Yao, Jay Rathinavelu, Greg D. Field
Information about motion is encoded by direction-selective retinal ganglion cells (DSGCs). These cells reliably transmit this information across a broad range of light levels, spanning moonlight to sunlight. Previous work indicates that adaptation to low light levels causes heterogeneous changes to the direction tuning of ON–OFF (oo)DSGCs and suggests that superior-preferring ON–OFF DSGCs (s-DSGCs)
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ICAM-1 Deletion Using CRISPR/Cas9 Protects the Brain from Traumatic Brain Injury-Induced Inflammatory Leukocyte Adhesion and Transmigration Cascades by Attenuating the Paxillin/FAK-Dependent Rho GTPase Pathway J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Bibhuti Ballav Saikia, Saurav Bhowmick, Anitha Malat, M. R. Preetha Rani, Almas Thaha, P. M. Abdul-Muneer
Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is identified as an initiator of neuroinflammatory responses that lead to neurodegeneration and cognitive and sensory–motor deficits in several pathophysiological conditions including traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the underlying mechanisms of ICAM-1–mediated leukocyte adhesion and transmigration and its link with neuroinflammation and functional deficits
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Intracranial Recordings of the Human Orbitofrontal Cortical Activity during Self-Referential Episodic and Valenced Self-Judgments J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-13
We recorded directly from the orbital (oPFC) and ventromedial (vmPFC) subregions of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in 22 (9 female, 13 male) epilepsy patients undergoing intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) monitoring during an experimental task in which the participants judged the accuracy of self-referential autobiographical statements as well as valenced self-judgments (SJs). We found significantly
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Striatal and Behavioral Responses to Reward Vary by Socioeconomic Status in Adolescents J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Alexandra L. Decker, Steven L. Meisler, Nicholas A. Hubbard, Clemens C. C. Bauer, Julia Leonard, Hannah Grotzinger, Melissa A. Giebler, Yesi Camacho Torres, Andrea Imhof, Rachel Romeo, John D. E. Gabrieli
Disparities in socioeconomic status (SES) lead to unequal access to financial and social support. These disparities are believed to influence reward sensitivity, which in turn are hypothesized to shape how individuals respond to and pursue rewarding experiences. However, surprisingly little is known about how SES shapes reward sensitivity in adolescence. Here, we investigated how SES influenced adolescent
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Enhancement of Haloperidol-Induced Catalepsy by GPR143, an L-Dopa Receptor, in Striatal Cholinergic Interneurons J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-13
Dopamine neurons play crucial roles in pleasure, reward, memory, learning, and fine motor skills and their dysfunction is associated with various neuropsychiatric diseases. Dopamine receptors are the main target of treatment for neurologic and psychiatric disorders. Antipsychotics that antagonize the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) are used to alleviate the symptoms of these disorders but may also sometimes
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Beyond a Transmission Cable--New Technologies to Reveal the Richness in Axonal Electrophysiology J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 J. C. Mateus, M. M. Sousa, J. Burrone, P. Aguiar
The axon is a neuronal structure capable of processing, encoding, and transmitting information. This assessment contrasts with a limiting, but deeply rooted, perspective where the axon functions solely as a transmission cable of somatodendritic activity, sending signals in the form of stereotypical action potentials. This perspective arose, at least partially, because of the technical difficulties
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Separation of Oral Cooling and Warming Requires TRPM8 J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Jinrong Li, Kyle T. Zumpano, Christian H. Lemon
Cooling sensations arise inside the mouth during ingestive and homeostasis behaviors. Oral presence of cooling temperature engages the cold and menthol receptor TRPM8 (transient receptor potential melastatin 8) on trigeminal afferents. Yet, how TRPM8 influences brain and behavioral responses to oral temperature is undefined. Here we used in vivo neurophysiology to record action potentials stimulated
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Activating Lobule VI PCTH+-Med Pathway in Cerebellum Blocks the Acquisition of Methamphetamine Conditioned Place Preference in Mice J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Feifei Ge, Zilin Wang, Wen Yu, Xiya Yuan, Qinglong Cai, Guanxiong Wang, Xiang Li, Xing Xu, Ping Yang, Yu Fan, Jiasong Chang, Xiaowei Guan
Cerebellum has been implicated in drug addiction; however, its underlying cellular populations and neuronal circuitry remain largely unknown. In the current study, we identified a neural pathway from tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)–positive Purkinje cells (PCTH+) in cerebellar lobule VI to calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII)–positive glutamatergic neurons in the medial cerebellar nucleus
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Cross-Modal Interactions Between Auditory Attention and Oculomotor Control J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Sijia Zhao, Claudia Contadini-Wright, Maria Chait
Microsaccades are small, involuntary eye movements that occur during fixation. Their role is debated with recent hypotheses proposing a contribution to automatic scene sampling. Microsaccadic inhibition (MSI) refers to the abrupt suppression of microsaccades, typically evoked within 0.1 s after new stimulus onset. The functional significance and neural underpinnings of MSI are subjects of ongoing research
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Movement-Related Modulation in Mouse Auditory Cortex Is Widespread Yet Locally Diverse J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Karin Morandell, Audrey Yin, Rodrigo Triana Del Rio, David M. Schneider
Neurons in the mouse auditory cortex are strongly influenced by behavior, including both suppression and enhancement of sound-evoked responses during movement. The mouse auditory cortex comprises multiple fields with different roles in sound processing and distinct connectivity to movement-related centers of the brain. Here, we asked whether movement-related modulation in male mice might differ across
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Cortical Zinc Signaling Is Necessary for Changes in Mouse Pupil Diameter That Are Evoked by Background Sounds with Different Contrasts J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Patrick Cody, Manoj Kumar, Thanos Tzounopoulos
Luminance-independent changes in pupil diameter (PD) during wakefulness influence and are influenced by neuromodulatory, neuronal, and behavioral responses. However, it is unclear whether changes in neuromodulatory activity in a specific brain area are necessary for the associated changes in PD or whether some different mechanisms cause parallel fluctuations in both PD and neuromodulation. To answer
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Transcranial Low-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Stimulation of the Visual Thalamus Produces Long-Term Depression of Thalamocortical Synapses in the Adult Visual Cortex J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Lukas Mesik, Samuel Parkins, Daniel Severin, Bryce D. Grier, Gabrielle Ewall, Sumasri Kotha, Christian Wesselborg, Cristian Moreno, Yanis Jaoui, Adrianna Felder, Brian Huang, Marina B. Johnson, Timothy P. Harrigan, Anna E. Knight, Shane W. Lani, Théo Lemaire, Alfredo Kirkwood, Grace M. Hwang, Hey-Kyoung Lee
Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation (tFUS) is a noninvasive neuromodulation technique, which can penetrate deeper and modulate neural activity with a greater spatial resolution (on the order of millimeters) than currently available noninvasive brain stimulation methods, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). While there are several
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Dopamine D1-Receptor Organization Contributes to Functional Brain Architecture J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Robin Pedersen, Jarkko Johansson, Kristin Nordin, Anna Rieckmann, Anders Wåhlin, Lars Nyberg, Lars Bäckman, Alireza Salami
Recent work has recognized a gradient-like organization in cortical function, spanning from primary sensory to transmodal cortices. It has been suggested that this axis is aligned with regional differences in neurotransmitter expression. Given the abundance of dopamine D1-receptors (D1DR), and its importance for modulation and neural gain, we tested the hypothesis that D1DR organization is aligned
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PI4KIII{beta}-Mediated Phosphoinositides Metabolism Regulates Function of the VTA Dopaminergic Neurons and Depression-Like Behavior J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Yuqi Sang, Chenxu Niu, Jiaxi Xu, Tiantian Zhu, Shuangzhu You, Jing Wang, Ludi Zhang, Xiaona Du, Hailin Zhang
Phosphoinositides, including phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), play a crucial role in controlling key cellular functions such as membrane and vesicle trafficking, ion channel, and transporter activity. Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinases (PI4K) are essential enzymes in regulating the turnover of phosphoinositides. However, the functional role of PI4Ks and mediated phosphoinositide metabolism
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Different Effects of Peer Sex on Operant Responding for Social Interaction and Striatal Dopamine Activity J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Jonathan J. Chow, Kayla M. Pitts, Ansel Schoenbaum, Kauê M. Costa, Geoffrey Schoenbaum, Yavin Shaham
When rats are given discrete choices between social interactions with a peer and opioid or psychostimulant drugs, they choose social interaction, even after extensive drug self-administration experience. Studies show that like drug and nondrug food reinforcers, social interaction is an operant reinforcer and induces dopamine release. However, these studies were conducted with same-sex peers. We examined
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Parvalbumin and Somatostatin: Biomarkers for Two Parallel Tectothalamic Pathways in the Auditory Midbrain J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Mengting Liu, Yixiao Gao, Fengyuan Xin, Ying Hu, Tao Wang, Fenghua Xie, Chengjun Shao, Tianyu Li, Ningyu Wang, Kexin Yuan
The inferior colliculus (IC) represents a crucial relay station in the auditory pathway, located in the midbrain's tectum and primarily projecting to the thalamus. Despite the identification of distinct cell classes based on various biomarkers in the IC, their specific contributions to the organization of auditory tectothalamic pathways have remained poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate
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Pre- versus Post-synaptic Forms of LTP in Two Branches of the Same Hippocampal Afferent J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 J. Quintanilla, Y. Jia, B. S. Pruess, J. Chavez, C. M. Gall, G. Lynch, B. G. Gunn
There has been considerable controversy about pre- versus postsynaptic expression of memory-related long-term potentiation (LTP), with corresponding disputes about underlying mechanisms. We report here an instance in male mice, in which both types of potentiation are expressed but in separate branches of the same hippocampal afferent. Induction of LTP in the dentate gyrus (DG) branch of the lateral
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Caldendrin Is a Repressor of PIEZO2 Channels and Touch Sensation in Mice J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Josue A. Lopez, Luis O. Romero, Wai-Lin Kaung, J. Wesley Maddox, Valeria Vásquez, Amy Lee
The sense of touch is crucial for cognitive, emotional, and social development and relies on mechanically activated (MA) ion channels that transduce force into an electrical signal. Despite advances in the molecular characterization of these channels, the physiological factors that control their activity are poorly understood. Here, we used behavioral assays, electrophysiological recordings, and various
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Oscillatory Waveform Shape and Temporal Spike Correlations Differ across Bat Frontal and Auditory Cortex J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Francisco García-Rosales, Natalie Schaworonkow, Julio C. Hechavarria
Neural oscillations are associated with diverse computations in the mammalian brain. The waveform shape of oscillatory activity measured in the cortex relates to local physiology and can be informative about aberrant or dynamically changing states. However, how waveform shape differs across distant yet functionally and anatomically related cortical regions is largely unknown. In this study, we capitalize
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Cumulative Effects of Resting-State Connectivity Across All Brain Networks Significantly Correlate with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Michael A. Mooney, Robert J. M. Hermosillo, Eric Feczko, Oscar Miranda-Dominguez, Lucille A. Moore, Anders Perrone, Nora Byington, Gracie Grimsrud, Amanda Rueter, Elizabeth Nousen, Dylan Antovich, Sarah W. Feldstein Ewing, Bonnie J. Nagel, Joel T. Nigg, Damien A. Fair
Identification of replicable neuroimaging correlates of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been hindered by small sample sizes, small effects, and heterogeneity of methods. Given evidence that ADHD is associated with alterations in widely distributed brain networks and the small effects of individual brain features, a whole-brain perspective focusing on cumulative effects is warranted
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A Necessary Role for PKC-2 and TPA-1 in Olfactory Memory and Synaptic AMPAR Trafficking in Caenorhabditis elegans J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Attila L. Stetak, Thomas Grenal, Zephyr Lenninger, Kaz M. Knight, Rachel L. Doser, Frederic J. Hoerndli
Protein kinase C (PKC) functions are essential for synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory. However, the roles of specific members of the PKC family in synaptic function, learning, and memory are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the role of individual PKC homologs for synaptic plasticity in Caenorhabditis elegans and found a differential role for pkc-2 and tpa-1, but not pkc-1 and pkc-3 in
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Dissociable Roles of the Auditory Midbrain and Cortex in Processing the Statistical Features of Natural Sound Textures J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Fei Peng, Nicol S. Harper, Ambika P. Mishra, Ryszard Auksztulewicz, Jan W. H. Schnupp
Sound texture perception takes advantage of a hierarchy of time-averaged statistical features of acoustic stimuli, but much remains unclear about how these statistical features are processed along the auditory pathway. Here, we compared the neural representation of sound textures in the inferior colliculus (IC) and auditory cortex (AC) of anesthetized female rats. We recorded responses to texture morph
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Neural Circuits Underlying Multifeature Extraction in the Retina J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-06
Classic ON–OFF direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) that encode the four cardinal directions were recently shown to also be orientation-selective. To clarify the mechanisms underlying orientation selectivity, we employed a variety of electrophysiological, optogenetic, and gene knock-out strategies to test the relative contributions of glutamate, GABA, and acetylcholine (ACh) input that are known
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Attention Drives Visual Processing and Audiovisual Integration During Multimodal Communication J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Noor Seijdel, Jan-Mathijs Schoffelen, Peter Hagoort, Linda Drijvers
During communication in real-life settings, our brain often needs to integrate auditory and visual information and at the same time actively focus on the relevant sources of information, while ignoring interference from irrelevant events. The interaction between integration and attention processes remains poorly understood. Here, we use rapid invisible frequency tagging and magnetoencephalography to
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The Anterior Thalamus Preferentially Drives Allocentric But Not Egocentric Orientation Tuning in Postrhinal Cortex J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-06
Navigating a complex world requires integration of multiple spatial reference frames, including information about one's orientation in both allocentric and egocentric coordinates. Combining these two information sources can provide additional information about one's spatial location. Previous studies have demonstrated that both egocentric and allocentric spatial signals are reflected by the firing
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Event Integration and Temporal Differentiation: How Hierarchical Knowledge Emerges in Hippocampal Subfields through Learning J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-06
Everyday life is composed of events organized by changes in contexts, with each event containing an unfolding sequence of occurrences. A major challenge facing our memory systems is how to integrate sequential occurrences within events while also maintaining their details and avoiding over-integration across different contexts. We asked if and how distinct hippocampal subfields come to hierarchically
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Divergent Learning-Related Transcriptional States of Cortical Glutamatergic Neurons J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Katie L. Dunton, Nathan G. Hedrick, Saber Meamardoost, Chi Ren, James R. Howe, Jing Wang, Cory M. Root, Rudiyanto Gunawan, Takaki Komiyama, Ying Zhang, Eun Jung Hwang
Experience-dependent gene expression reshapes neural circuits, permitting the learning of knowledge and skills. Most learning involves repetitive experiences during which neurons undergo multiple stages of functional and structural plasticity. Currently, the diversity of transcriptional responses underlying dynamic plasticity during repetition-based learning is poorly understood. To close this gap
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Neuroimaging Signatures of Metacognitive Improvement in Sensorimotor Timing J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Farah Bader, Martin Wiener
Error monitoring is an essential human ability underlying learning and metacognition. In the time domain, humans possess a remarkable ability to learn and adapt to temporal intervals, yet the neural mechanisms underlying this are not clear. Recently, we demonstrated that humans improve sensorimotor time estimates when given the chance to incorporate previous trial feedback ( Bader and Wiener, 2021)
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Synaptotagmin 7 Sculpts Short-Term Plasticity at a High Probability Synapse J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-28
Synapses with high release probability (Pr) tend to exhibit short-term synaptic depression. According to the prevailing model, this reflects the temporary depletion of release-ready vesicles after an initial action potential (AP). At the high-Pr layer 4 to layer 2/3 (L4-L2/3) synapse in rodent somatosensory cortex, short-term plasticity appears to contradict the depletion model: depression is absent
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Context and Time Regulate Fear Memory Consolidation and Reconsolidation in the Basolateral Amygdala Complex J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Jessica Leake, Luisa Saavedra Cardona, Filip Mencevski, R. Frederick Westbrook, Nathan M. Holmes
It is widely accepted that fear memories are consolidated through protein synthesis-dependent changes in the basolateral amygdala complex (BLA). However, recent studies show that protein synthesis is not required to consolidate the memory of a new dangerous experience when it is similar to a prior experience. Here, we examined whether the protein synthesis requirement for consolidating the new experience
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Deviance Detection to Natural Stimuli in Population Responses of the Brainstem of Bats J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Johannes Wetekam, Julio Hechavarría, Luciana López-Jury, Eugenia González-Palomares, Manfred Kössl
Deviance detection describes an increase of neural response strength caused by a stimulus with a low probability of occurrence. This ubiquitous phenomenon has been reported for humans and multiple other species, from subthalamic areas to the auditory cortex. Cortical deviance detection has been well characterized by a range of studies using a variety of different stimuli, from artificial to natural
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Neural Activity in the Anterior Insula at Drinking Onset and Licking Relates to Compulsion-Like Alcohol Consumption J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Phillip Starski, Mitch D. Morningstar, Simon N. Katner, Raizel M. Frasier, Thatiane De Oliveira Sergio, Sarah Wean, Christopher C. Lapish, F. Woodward Hopf
Much remains unknown about the etiology of compulsion-like alcohol drinking, where consumption persists despite adverse consequences. The role of the anterior insula (AIC) in emotion, motivation, and interoception makes this brain region a likely candidate to drive challenge-resistant behavior, including compulsive drinking. Indeed, subcortical projections from the AIC promote compulsion-like intake
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Static Magnetic Field Stimulation Enhances Shunting Inhibition via a SLC26 Family Cl- Channel, Inducing Intrinsic Plasticity J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Adya Saran Sinha, Sumiya Shibata, Yasuyuki Takamatsu, Tenpei Akita, Atsuo Fukuda, Tatsuya Mima
Magnetic fields are being used for detailed anatomical and functional examination of the human brain. In addition, evidence for their efficacy in treatment of brain dysfunctions is accumulating. Transcranial static magnetic field stimulation (tSMS) is a recently developed technique for noninvasively modifying brain functions. In tSMS, a strong and small magnet when placed over the skull can temporarily
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Hostile Attribution Bias Shapes Neural Synchrony in the Left Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex during Ambiguous Social Narratives J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Yizhou Lyu (吕奕洲), Zishan Su (苏紫杉), Dawn Neumann, Kimberly L. Meidenbauer, Yuan Chang Leong (梁元彰)
Hostile attribution bias refers to the tendency to interpret social situations as intentionally hostile. While previous research has focused on its developmental origins and behavioral consequences, the underlying neural mechanisms remain underexplored. Here, we employed functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to investigate the neural correlates of hostile attribution bias. While undergoing
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Super-Resolution Ultrasound Reveals Cerebrovascular Impairment in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Matthew R. Lowerison, Nathiya Vaithiyalingam Chandra Sekaran, Zhijie Dong, Xi Chen, Qi You, Daniel A. Llano, Pengfei Song
Increasing evidence has suggested a link between cerebrovascular disease and the cognitive impairment associated with Alzheimer's disease. However, detailed descriptions of microvascular changes across brain regions and how they relate to other more traditional pathology have been lacking. Additionally, the efforts to elucidate the interplay between cerebral microvascular function and Alzheimer's disease
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Alleviating Hypertension by Selectively Targeting Angiotensin Receptor-Expressing Vagal Sensory Neurons J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-28
Cardiovascular homeostasis is maintained, in part, by neural signals arising from arterial baroreceptors that apprise the brain of blood volume and pressure. Here, we test whether neurons within the nodose ganglia that express angiotensin type-1a receptors (referred to as NGAT1aR) serve as baroreceptors that differentially influence blood pressure (BP) in male and female mice. Using Agtr1a-Cre mice
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Causal Influence of Linguistic Learning on Perceptual and Conceptual Processing: A Brain-Constrained Deep Neural Network Study of Proper Names and Category Terms J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Phuc T. U. Nguyen, Malte R. Henningsen-Schomers, Friedemann Pulvermüller
Language influences cognitive and conceptual processing, but the mechanisms through which such causal effects are realized in the human brain remain unknown. Here, we use a brain-constrained deep neural network model of category formation and symbol learning and analyze the emergent model’s internal mechanisms at the neural circuit level. In one set of simulations, the network was presented with similar
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Plasticity in the Functional Properties of NMDA Receptors Improves Network Stability during Severe Energy Stress J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Nikolaus Bueschke, Lara Amaral-Silva, Min Hu, Alvaro Alvarez, Joseph M. Santin
Brain energy stress leads to neuronal hyperexcitability followed by a rapid loss of function and cell death. In contrast, the frog brainstem switches into a state of extreme metabolic resilience that allows them to maintain motor function during hypoxia as they emerge from hibernation. NMDA receptors (NMDARs) are Ca2+-permeable glutamate receptors that contribute to the loss of homeostasis during hypoxia
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Synaptic Changes in Pallidostriatal Circuits Observed in the Parkinsonian Model Triggers Abnormal Beta Synchrony with Accurate Spatio-temporal Properties across the Basal Ganglia J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Shiva Azizpour Lindi, Nicolas P. Mallet, Arthur Leblois
Excessive oscillatory activity across basal ganglia (BG) nuclei in the β frequencies (12–30 Hz) is a hallmark of Parkinson’s disease (PD). While the link between oscillations and symptoms remains debated, exaggerated β oscillations constitute an important biomarker for therapeutic effectiveness in PD. The neuronal mechanisms of β-oscillation generation however remain unknown. Many existing models rely
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Pre-supplementary Motor Cortex Mediates Learning Transfer from Perceptual to Motor Timing J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-21
When we intensively train a timing skill, such as learning to play the piano, we not only produce brain changes associated with task-specific learning but also improve our performance in other temporal behaviors that depend on these tuned neural resources. Since the neural basis of time learning and generalization is still unknown, we measured the changes in neural activity associated with the transfer
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Structural and Functional Organization of Visual Responses in the Inferior Olive of Larval Zebrafish J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-21
The olivo-cerebellar system plays an important role in vertebrate sensorimotor control. Here, we investigate sensory representations in the inferior olive (IO) of larval zebrafish and their spatial organization. Using single-cell labeling of genetically identified IO neurons, we find that they can be divided into at least two distinct groups based on their spatial location, dendritic morphology, and
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Diurnal Variation of Brain Activity in the Human Suprachiasmatic Nucleus J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-21
The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is the central clock for circadian rhythms. Animal studies have revealed daily rhythms in the neuronal activity in the SCN. However, the circadian activity of the human SCN has remained elusive. In this study, to reveal the diurnal variation of the SCN activity in humans, we localized the SCN by employing an areal boundary mapping technique to resting-state functional
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ISL1 and POU4F1 Directly Interact to Regulate the Differentiation and Survival of Inner Ear Sensory Neurons J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-21
The inner ear sensory neurons play a pivotal role in auditory processing and balance control. Though significant progresses have been made, the underlying mechanisms controlling the differentiation and survival of the inner ear sensory neurons remain largely unknown. During development, ISL1 and POU4F transcription factors are co-expressed and are required for terminal differentiation, pathfinding
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Amnesia after Repeated Head Impact Is Caused by Impaired Synaptic Plasticity in the Memory Engram J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-21
Subconcussive head impacts are associated with the development of acute and chronic cognitive deficits. We recently reported that high-frequency head impact (HFHI) causes chronic cognitive deficits in mice through synaptic changes. To better understand the mechanisms underlying HFHI-induced memory decline, we used TRAP2/Ai32 transgenic mice to enable visualization and manipulation of memory engrams
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Differential Formation of Motor Cortical Dynamics during Movement Preparation According to the Predictability of Go Timing J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-21
The motor cortex not only executes but also prepares movement, as motor cortical neurons exhibit preparatory activity that predicts upcoming movements. In movement preparation, animals adopt different strategies in response to uncertainties existing in nature such as the unknown timing of when a predator will attack—an environmental cue informing "go." However, how motor cortical neurons cope with
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Low-Intensity Focused Ultrasound to the Human Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Attenuates Acute Pain Perception and Autonomic Responses J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-21
The dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) is a critical brain area for pain and autonomic processing, making it a promising noninvasive therapeutic target. We leverage the high spatial resolution and deep focal lengths of low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) to noninvasively modulate the dACC for effects on behavioral and cardiac autonomic responses using transient heat pain stimuli. A N = 16
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Making Connections: Neurodevelopmental Changes in Brain Connectivity After Adverse Experiences in Early Adolescence J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-21
Adverse childhood experiences have been linked to detrimental mental health outcomes in adulthood. This study investigates a potential neurodevelopmental pathway between adversity and mental health outcomes: brain connectivity. We used data from the prospective, longitudinal Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study (N 12.000, participants aged 9–13 years, male and female) and assessed structural
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Distinctive In Vitro Phenotypes in iPSC-Derived Neurons From Patients With Gain- and Loss-of-Function SCN2A Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathy J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-21
SCN2A encodes NaV1.2, an excitatory neuron voltage-gated sodium channel and a major monogenic cause of neurodevelopmental disorders, including developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEE) and autism. Clinical presentation and pharmocosensitivity vary with the nature of SCN2A variant dysfunction and can be divided into gain-of-function (GoF) cases with pre- or peri-natal seizures and loss-of-function
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A Developmental Switch in Cholinergic Mechanisms of Modulation in the Medial Nucleus of the Trapezoid Body J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-21
The medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB) has been intensively investigated as a primary source of inhibition in brainstem auditory circuitry. MNTB-derived inhibition plays a critical role in the computation of sound location, as temporal features of sounds are precisely conveyed through the calyx of Held/MNTB synapse. In adult gerbils, cholinergic signaling influences sound-evoked responses
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Isolating Neural Signatures of Conscious Speech Perception with a No-Report Sine-Wave Speech Paradigm J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-21
Identifying neural correlates of conscious perception is a fundamental endeavor of cognitive neuroscience. Most studies so far have focused on visual awareness along with trial-by-trial reports of task-relevant stimuli, which can confound neural measures of perceptual awareness with postperceptual processing. Here, we used a three-phase sine-wave speech paradigm that dissociated between conscious speech
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Human Hippocampal Ripples Signal Encoding of Episodic Memories J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 John J. Sakon, David J. Halpern, Daniel R. Schonhaut, Michael J. Kahana
Direct human brain recordings have confirmed the presence of high-frequency oscillatory events, termed ripples, during awake behavior. While many prior studies have focused on medial temporal lobe (MTL) ripples during memory retrieval, here we investigate ripples during memory encoding. Specifically, we ask whether ripples during encoding predict whether and how memories are subsequently recalled.
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Design of Ultrapotent Genetically Encoded Inhibitors of Kv4.2 for Gating Neural Plasticity J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Michael Andreyanov, Ronit Heinrich, Shai Berlin
The Kv4.2 potassium channel plays established roles in neuronal excitability, while also being implicated in plasticity. Current means to study the roles of Kv4.2 are limited, motivating us to design a genetically encoded membrane tethered Heteropodatoxin-2 (MetaPoda). We find that MetaPoda is an ultrapotent and selective gating-modifier of Kv4.2. We narrow its site of contact with the channel to two
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Glutamate Spillover Dynamically Strengthens Gabaergic Synaptic Inhibition of the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-14
The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is strongly inhibited by -aminobutyric acid (GABA) from the surrounding peri-nuclear zone (PNZ). Because glutamate mediates fast excitatory transmission and is substrate for GABA synthesis, we tested its capacity to dynamically strengthen GABA inhibition. In PVN slices from male mice, bath glutamate applied during ionotropic glutamate receptor blockade
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Intermittent Hypobaric Hypoxia Ameliorates Autistic-Like Phenotypes in Mice J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Yi-da Pan, Yuan Zhang, Wen-ying Zheng, Min-zhen Zhu, Huan-yu Li, Wen-jie Ouyang, Qin-qing Wen, Xin-hong Zhu
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and stereotyped behaviors. Although major advances in basic research on autism have been achieved in the past decade, and behavioral interventions can mitigate the difficulties that individuals with autism experience, little is known about the many fundamental issues of the
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Frequency Specific Optogenetic Stimulation of the Locus Coeruleus Induces Task-Relevant Plasticity in the Motor Cortex J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-14
The locus ceruleus (LC) is the primary source of neocortical noradrenaline, which is known to be involved in diverse brain functions including sensory perception, attention, and learning. Previous studies have shown that LC stimulation paired with sensory experience can induce task-dependent plasticity in the sensory neocortex and in the hippocampus. However, it remains unknown whether LC activation
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Intrinsic Functional Connectivity between the Anterior Insular and Retrosplenial Cortex as a Moderator and Consequence of Cocaine Self-Administration in Rats J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Li-Ming Hsu, Domenic H. Cerri, Sung-Ho Lee, Tatiana A. Shnitko, Regina M. Carelli, Yen-Yu Ian Shih
While functional brain imaging studies in humans suggest that chronic cocaine use alters functional connectivity (FC) within and between key large-scale brain networks, including the default mode network (DMN), the salience network (SN), and the central executive network (CEN), cross-sectional studies in humans are challenging to obtain brain FC prior to cocaine use. Such information is critical to
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Enhancing GABAergic Tonic Inhibition Reduces Seizure-Like Activity in the Neonatal Mouse Hippocampus and Neocortex J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 G. T. Liddiard, P. S. Suryavanshi, J. Glykys
Approximately one-third of neonatal seizures do not respond to first-line anticonvulsants, including phenobarbital, which enhances phasic inhibition. Whether enhancing tonic inhibition decreases seizure-like activity in the neonate when GABA is mainly depolarizing at this age is unknown. We evaluated if increasing tonic inhibition using THIP [4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoxazolo(5,4-c)pyridin-3-ol, gaboxadol]
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Auditory Corticofugal Neurons Transmit Auditory and Non-auditory Information During Behavior J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Alexander N. Ford, Jordyn E. Czarny, Meike M. Rogalla, Gunnar L. Quass, Pierre F. Apostolides
Layer 5 pyramidal neurons of sensory cortices project "corticofugal" axons to myriad sub-cortical targets, thereby broadcasting high-level signals important for perception and learning. Recent studies suggest dendritic Ca2+ spikes as key biophysical mechanisms supporting corticofugal neuron function: these long-lasting events drive burst firing, thereby initiating uniquely powerful signals to modulate
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EBF1 Limits the Numbers of Cochlear Hair and Supporting Cells and Forms the Scala Tympani and Spiral Limbus during Inner Ear Development J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Hiroki Kagoshima, Hiroe Ohnishi, Ryosuke Yamamoto, Akiyoshi Yasumoto, Yosuke Tona, Takayuki Nakagawa, Koichi Omori, Norio Yamamoto
Early B-cell factor 1 (EBF1) is a basic helix–loop–helix transcription factor essential for the differentiation of various tissues. Our single-cell RNA sequencing data suggest that Ebf1 is expressed in the sensory epithelium of the mouse inner ear. Here, we found that the murine Ebf1 gene and its protein are expressed in the prosensory domain of the inner ear, medial region of the cochlear duct floor
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The Neural Dynamics of Face Ensemble and Central Face Processing J. Neurosci. (IF 5.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Marco Agazio Sama, Adrian Nestor, Jonathan Samuel Cant
Extensive work has investigated the neural processing of single faces, including the role of shape and surface properties. However, much less is known about the neural basis of face ensemble perception (e.g., simultaneously viewing several faces in a crowd). Importantly, the contribution of shape and surface properties have not been elucidated in face ensemble processing. Furthermore, how single central