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A “Middle Voice” from the South Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2021-12-24 Jorge Núñez,Maka Suarez
In the 2020 Prague Virtual Conference of the Society for Social Studies of Science (4S), Sharon Traweek was awarded the society’s John D. Bernal Prize jointly with Langdon Winner. The Bernal Prize is awarded annually to individuals who have made distinguished contributions to the field of STS. Prize recipients include founders of the field of STS, along with outstanding scholars who have devoted their
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STS as a Lens to Study Disciplines and Interdisciplinarity Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2021-12-24 Knut Sørensen
In the 2020 Prague Virtual Conference of the Society for Social Studies of Science (4S), Sharon Traweek was awarded the society’s John D. Bernal Prize jointly with Langdon Winner. The Bernal Prize is awarded annually to individuals who have made distinguished contributions to the field of STS. Prize recipients include founders of the field of STS, along with outstanding scholars who have devoted their
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The Value of the Map and the Place of STS Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2021-12-22 Koichi Mikami
In the 2020 Prague Virtual Conference of the Society for Social Studies of Science (4S), Sharon Traweek was awarded the society’s John D. Bernal Prize jointly with Langdon Winner, for her distinguished contributions to the field of STS. In this essay responding to Traweek’s Bernal Lecture, I explore the continuing relevance of her work for Japan’s STS community. Even though this community has grown
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Working at the Edges of Institutions During their Transformations Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2021-12-22 Sandra Harding
In the 2020 Prague Virtual Conference of the Society for Social Studies of Science (4S), Sharon Traweek was awarded the society’s John D. Bernal Prize jointly with Langdon Winner. The Bernal Prize is awarded annually to individuals who have made distinguished contributions to the field of STS. Prize recipients include founders of the field of STS, along with outstanding scholars who have devoted their
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Building Capacity for Action-Oriented Research in Arizona’s Helium Extraction Boom Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2021-12-22 Kirk Jalbert,Katherine Ball,Noa Bruhis,Sakshi Hegde,Lisa Test
Northeast Arizona’s Holbrook Basin is an epicenter in the rush to secure new helium deposits in the U.S. While the helium boom has revealed unease amongst residents, significant knowledge and procedural gaps have prevented the public from making sense of the industry and its potential impacts. These gaps are produced by the opacity of critical minerals extraction, long-term regulatory neglect, and
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Searching for how Epistemic Power is Made, Appropriated, Circulated, and Challenged Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2021-12-20 Sharon Traweek,Duygu Kaşdoğan,Kim Fortun
In the 2020 Prague Virtual Conference of the Society for Social Studies of Science (4S), Sharon Traweek was awarded the society’s John D. Bernal Prize jointly with Langdon Winner. The Bernal Prize is awarded annually to individuals who have made distinguished contributions to the field of STS. Prize recipients include founders of the field of STS, along with outstanding scholars who have devoted their
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Representing Race in Graphs: W.E.B. Du Bois, Corporate Bureaucrats, and Visualization Strategies for Change Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2021-10-05 Luzilda Arciniega
In this paper, I draw together W. E. B. Du Bois and corporate bureaucrats to compare the graphical representation of race across three distinct racial epochs: the Progressive, Civil Rights, and post-1980s neoliberal era. I illustrate how, through visual and rhetorical strategies, corporate bureaucrats extend a Du Boisian legacy in constructing popular knowledge of race and racism. I show how they do
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Langdon Winner’s Intellectual Trajectory and Political Engagement: A Latin-American Perspective from Ecuador Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2021-10-05 María Belén Albornoz
In the 2020 Prague Virtual Conference of the Society for Social Studies of Science (4S), Langdon Winner was awarded the society’s John D. Bernal Prize jointly with Sharon Traweek. The Bernal Prize is awarded annually to individuals who have made distinguished contributions to the field of STS. Prize recipients include founders of the field of STS, along with outstanding scholars who have devoted their
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Left Button Picture, Right Button Bomb: Nature, Warfare and Technology in a Southern African Border Region Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2021-10-05 James Lawrence Merron,Luregn Lenggenhager
In this paper, we argue that the relationship between nature conservation and warfare was and continues to be actualized through socio-technical relationships and shared infrastructures. We historicize “green militari zation”—defined as the use of military techniques, technologies and partnerships in the pursuit of conservation (Lunstrum 2014)—showing that the partnership between military and nature
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Hormonal Health: Period Tracking Apps, Wellness, and Self-Management in the Era of Surveillance Capitalism Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2021-10-05 Andrea Ford,Giulia De Togni,Livia Miller
Period tracking is an increasingly widespread practice, and its emphasis is changing from monitoring fertility to encompassing a more broad-based picture of users’ health. Delving into the data of one’s menstrual cycle, and the hormones that are presumed to be intimately linked with it, is a practice that is reshaping ideas about health and wellness, while also shaping subjects and subjectivities that
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Data Durabilities: Towards Conceptualizations of Scientific Long-Term Data Storage Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2021-10-05 Estrid Sørensen,Laura Kocksch
With the increased requirement for open data and data reuse in the sciences the call for long-term data storage becomes stronger. However, long-term data storage is insufficiently theorized and often considered as simply short-term data that are stored longer. Interviews with scientists at a German university show that data are not in themselves durable; they are made durable. While Science & Technology
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Langdon Winner’s Theory of Technological Politics: Rethinking Science and Technology for Future Society Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2021-10-05 Ernst Schraube
In the 2020 Prague Virtual Conference of the Society for Social Studies of Science (4S), Langdon Winner was awarded the society’s John D. Bernal Prize jointly with Sharon Traweek. The Bernal Prize is awarded annually to individuals who have made distinguished contributions to the field of STS. Prize recipients include founders of the field of STS, along with outstanding scholars who have devoted their
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Can Renewable Energy Artifacts have a Global Politics? Towards a Translocal Imaginary of Energy Democracy Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2021-10-05 Sujatha Raman
In the 2020 Prague Virtual Conference of the Society for Social Studies of Science (4S), Langdon Winner was awarded the society’s John D. Bernal Prize jointly with Sharon Traweek. The Bernal Prize is awarded annually to individuals who have made distinguished contributions to the field of STS. Prize recipients include founders of the field of STS, along with outstanding scholars who have devoted their
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Technopolitics in a Twilight Civilization Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2021-10-05 Michael Bennett
In the 2020 Prague Virtual Conference of the Society for Social Studies of Science (4S), Langdon Winner was awarded the society’s John D. Bernal Prize jointly with Sharon Traweek. The Bernal Prize is awarded annually to individuals who have made distinguished contributions to the field of STS. Prize recipients include founders of the field of STS, along with outstanding scholars who have devoted their
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The Democratic Shaping of Technology: Its Rise, Fall and Possible Rebirth Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2021-10-05 Langdon Winner
In the 2020 Prague Virtual Conference of the Society for Social Studies of Science (4S), Langdon Winner was awarded the society’s John D. Bernal Prize jointly with Sharon Traweek. The Bernal Prize is awarded annually to individuals who have made distinguished contributions to the field of STS. Prize recipients include founders of the field of STS, along with outstanding scholars who have devoted their
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Public Trust, Deliberative Engagement and Health Data Projects: Beyond Legal Provisions Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2021-10-05 Nishtha Bharti,Cian O'Donovan,Melanie Smallman,James Wilson
In England, a new scheme for collating and sharing General Practitioners’ data has faced resistance from various quarters and has been deferred twice. While insufficient communication and ambiguous safeguards explain the widespread dissatisfaction expressed by the public and experts, we argue how dwindling public trust can be the most damaging variable in this picture - with implications not only for
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Editorial Note of Farewell and Gratitude to ESTS Reviewers Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-12-14 Daniel Lee Kleinman,Katie Vann
In response to the desire of the governing council of the Society for Social Studies of Science to have an online open access Society journal, we were asked to build Engaging Science, Technology, and Society. We did so and launched the journal in 2015. Today, in December 2020, we write to say farewell, and to thank the many reviewers who selflessly gave their time, energy, and expertise to support
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Social Dynamics of Expectations and Expertise: AI in Digital Humanitarian Innovation Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-11-27 Guillaume Dandurand,François Claveau,Jean-François Dubé,Florence Millerand
Public discourse typically blurs the boundary between what artificial intelligence (AI) actually achieves and what it could accomplish in the future. The sociology of expectations teaches us that such elisions play a performative role: they encourage heterogeneous actors to partake, at various levels, in innovation activities. This article explores how optimistic expectations for AI concretely motivate
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Breathing Late Industrialism Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-11-10 Chloe Ahmann,Alison Kenner
Breakdown, trespass, seepage, degradation: this is late industrialism. Over the past decade, the term has become synonymous with collapse, describing everything from crumbling infrastructure to outmoded paradigms. But the “late” in “late industrial” carries radical potential, too. It points toward the possibility of another world taking shape within the wreckage as people retrofit broken systems, build
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Toxic Gaslighting: On the Ins and Outs of Pollution Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-11-10 Liza Grandia
Outdoor images predominate in cultural conceptions of “air pollution,” whilst indoor air quality (IAQ) is typically tenfold more contaminated. Recent nonprofit research revealed that “green label” carpet contains up to 44 hazardous substances. How and why do school administrators not know this? When people speak colloquially about “toxic” schools, they typically refer to social environments whose
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A Commentary: Breathing Together Now Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-11-10 Timothy Choy
It is a challenging and important time to breathe together. A reflection on the timeliness and resonance of the thematic collection "Breathing Late Industrialism."
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Breathing Fire into Landscapes that Burn: Wildfire Management in a Time of Alterlife Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-11-10 Alex Zahara
Across the globe, settler nation-states are being forced to contend with the large-scale ecological and social disruptions caused by settler colonialism. Wildfires are a charismatic example of this: when anthropogenic climate change combines with colonial forest management practices, wildfires act in ever changing ways with often violent and uneven impacts to human and nonhuman life. In a context of
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Scrapping the Workshop of the World: Civic Infrastructuring and the Politics of Late Industrial Governance Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-11-10 Alison Kenner
To understand harm in breathing spaces requires analysis of the ways in which structural violence is built into technologies of environmental governance; a script that cannot recognize the dynamic relationships between bodies, atmospheres, and the industrial practices that condition both. In this paper, I show how community members in a small, Philadelphia neighborhood came to understand that toxic
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Atmospheric Coalitions: Shifting the Middle in Late Industrial Baltimore Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-11-10 Chloe Ahmann
STS scholars offer the atmosphere as an antidote to the homogenizing Anthropocene. They teach us that atmospheres are good to think because they are both diffuse and differential; they reflect the scale of planetary problems without forgetting that those problems manifest unevenly. The atmosphere has, then, become a useful tool for theory work. But it is also being picked up on the ground as a model
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Aggregate Airs: Atmospheres of Oil and Gas in the Greater Chaco Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-11-10 Sonia Grant
In the Greater Chaco region of northwest New Mexico, new fracking technologies are stirring up lands, chemicals, and relations that concentrate attention in the surround. This article argues that extraction’s cumulative atmospheric effects are experienced by Diné residents of the region in ways that cannot be accounted for by the agencies that manage oil and gas. The state’s presumption of atmospheric
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STS, Post-truth, and the Rediscovery of Bullshit Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-10-10 Bennett Holman
Post-truth politics has led to a number of prominent reflections on the extent to which the basic tenets of STS (social construction, the symmetry thesis, etc.) must be amended (Briggle 2016; Latour 2004; Sismondo 2017a). Alternatively, others have argued that the basic principles of STS should be maintained and the similarities of STS with post-truth should be embraced (Fuller 2016b; Woolgar 2017)
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What I Learnt About How I Learnt About Behavioral Economists Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-10-10 Zara Thokozani Kamwendo
This paper is a discussion of the role of the experimental methods and the dissemination practices of behavioral economists in capturing public imagination. The paper is framed by auto biographical accounts of two episodes in my own exploration of behavioral economics as a topic of study: participating in a MOOC on the basics of behavioral economics and sharing my work in progress to a group of staff
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Producing the “Highway to Nowhere”: Social Understandings of Space in Baltimore, 1944-1974 Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Amanda K. Phillips de Lucas
The “highway to nowhere” is a 1.32 mile fragment of an arterial expressway located in Baltimore, Maryland. This segment was designed to contribute to a proposed limited access highway system that was never constructed after years of activism, debate, and lawsuits. This article examines the history of the construction of this highway segment to suggest that conflicts over the design, sitting, and construction
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Pandemic Sociology Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-08-25 Martyn Pickersgill
In 1990, the sociologist Phil Strong wrote about “epidemic psychology” as part of his research on the recent history of AIDS. Strong described vividly how epidemics of fear, of explanation and moralization, and of (proposed) action accompanied the epidemic of the AIDS virus per se. In this essay, I draw on these formulations to think through the current COVID-19 crisis, illustrating too a pandemic
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Anachronistic Progress? User Notions of Lie Detection in the Juridical Field Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-08-16 Bettina Paul, Larissa Fischer, Torsten H. Voigt
In recent years, progress in the field of lie detection has been linked to technological advances from classic polygraphs to neuroscientific brain imaging. In our empirical investigation, however, we found different notions of progress that do not comply with the popular understanding of progress as technological innovation. We follow the users of lie detection procedures in Germany in order to discern
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Unintended by Design: On the Political Uses of “Unintended Consequences” Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-08-01 Nassim Parvin, Anne Pollock
This paper revisits the term “unintended consequences,” drawing upon an illustrative vignette to show how it is used to dismiss vital ethical and political concerns. Tracing the term to its original introduction by Robert Merton and building on feminist technoscience analyses, we uncover and rethink its widespread usage in popular and scholarly discourses and practices of technology design.
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Lessons from Theranos: Changing Narratives of Individual Ethics in Science and Engineering Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-06-26 Melanie Jeske
The meteoric ascent and equally dramatic fall of Theranos has been covered prolifically in the media. Presented as an ambitious inventor gone rogue, the discursive construction of the Theranos scandal in popular media and in the biomedical community reifies tired narratives of the role of ethics in science and engineering fields more generally: narratives that emphasizes individual integrity and common
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The Conjoined Spectacles of the “Smart Super Bowl” Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-06-26 Renee Shelby, Sarah Barnes, Nassim Parvin, Mary McDonald
This essay examines the Super Bowl and the smart city as conjoined spectacles. A focused case study on Super Bowl LIII and its staging in Atlanta, Georgia in 2019 allows us to investigate how the use of cutting-edge smart technologies, including cameras, sensors, artificial intelligence, image recognition, and data collection techniques to secure Mercedes Benz stadium naturalizes a broader anticipatory
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On Half-Built Assemblages: Waiting for a Data Center in Prineville, Oregon Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-06-20 Jenna Burrell
In 2010 the mega-corporation Facebook finalized an agreement to build a massive data center in Prineville, a small town in central Oregon previously known for logging, cattle ranching, and as the headquarters of the Les Schwab tire company. This was a largely unanticipated event that local leaders nonetheless prepared for several decades before when they designated a rural economic zone on the outskirts
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Engaging Theatre, Activating Publics: Theory and Practice of a Performance on Darwin Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-06-20 Saul E. Halfon, Cora Olson, Ann Kilkelly, Jane L. Lehr
The Theatre Workshop in Science, Technology and Society (TWISTS) is a unique public engagement project. Theoretically, TWISTS seeks to activate publics around contemporary science and technology issues by producing agonistic cultural spaces in which participants are confronted with and engaged by multiple perspectives. It thus seeks to enact a model of Public Engagement with Science and Technology
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Scaling Techno-Optimistic Visions Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-05-28 Seyram Avle, Cindy Lin, Jean Hardy, Silvia Lindtner
Techno-optimism, or the enduring belief that technology use and production are promising for humanity, is bound up in past and ongoing ideals of modernity, progress, and “development.” As a particular form of hope and aspiration, techno-optimism is harnessed for nation-building and economic development projects that invest in the promise of scaling. This article demonstrates that this enduring techno-optimism
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The Myths and Moral Economies of Digital ID and Mobile Money in India and Myanmar Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-05-28 Janaki Srinivasan, Elisa Oreglia
The diffusion of major new technologies in society is often accompanied by a set of myths that tell us how these technologies will change, clearly for the better, the social and economic fabric of a community. Digital technologies are associated with myths such as the death of distance and of mediators, the end of history and of politics (Brown and Duguid 2000; Mosco 2004). We build on Mosco’s idea
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Keep Diversity––Make Standards! Spaces of Standardization for Diversity Analyzed through Cattle Breeding Industry Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-04-02 Lidia Chavinskaia, Allison Marie Loconto
Standardization as spaces of diversity was introduced by Loconto and Demortain (2017) to advance the sociology of standards. Their analytical framework for studying standardization processes in interactive spaces is mobilized and expanded upon in this article in order to address the problematic relationship between standards and diversity. Studying industrialized animals highlights the existing tensions
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Regimes of Patienthood: Developing an Intersectional Concept to Theorize Illness Experiences Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-03-14 Kelly Ann Joyce, Jennifer E. James, Melanie Jeske
In this paper, we develop the concept regimes of patienthood . Regimes of patienthood highlights the micro and macro dimensions of illness, paying close attention to how the interplay between the two creates expectations and points of intervention for people when they are ill. Such expectations may vary across time, place, and social position (e.g., age, class, ethnicity, gender, race, sexuality).
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The Blank Slate E-State: Estonian Information Society and the Politics of Novelty in the 1990s Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-03-14 Aro Velmet
This article looks at how the discourse of an emerging information society in 1990s Estonia both rejected and depended on expertise from the Soviet Period. It traces the influence 1960s-trained cyberneticians and sociologists had on expanding the concept of an information society in the 1990s, to encompass issues such as regional inequality, national culture, and poverty, instead of focusing solely
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Sticks, Stones, and the Secular Bones of Indian Democracy Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-03-10 Monamie Bhadra Haines, Sreela Sarkar
While being inspired by the compelling social protests against the Citizenship Amendment Act and National Register of Citizens in India, the authors of this critical engagement argue that now, more than ever, is time to reflect on the nature of secularism that is being invoked by nonviolent protesters. What can a focus on lathi -wielding and stone-throwing, all low technologies of governance, tell
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When Mental Walls Lead to Physical Walls: The US-Mexico Border Wall, Art, and Public Conversations about the Social Responsibility of Engineering Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-03-10 Madison May Macias, Peter Pohorily, Jorge Morales Guerrero, Darshan M.A. Karwat
The fact that engineering is involved in highly political issues—from climate change caused by fossil fuel extraction to how we understand truth itself because of deepfakes—makes it imperative that we find new ways to highlight the crucial role that engineers and engineering play in shaping society, and new ways to hold engineers and engineering accountable. We have designed, built, and installed an
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Labor Out of Place: On the Varieties and Valences of (In)visible Labor in Data-Intensive Science Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-01-24 Michael J. Scroggins, Irene V. Pasquetto
We apply the concept of invisible labor, as developed by labor scholars over the last forty years, to data-intensive science. Drawing on a fifteen-year corpus of research into multiple domains of data-intensive science, we use a series of ethnographic vignettes to offer a snapshot of the varieties and valences of labor in data-intensive science. We conceptualize data-intensive science as an evolving
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The Methodologists: a Unique Category of Scientific Actors Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-01-08 Nicole C. Nelson
This essay introduces a new analytical category of scientific actors: the methodologists. These actors are distinguished by their tendency to continue to probing scientific objects that their peers consider to be settled. The methodologists are a useful category of actors for science and technology studies (STS) scholars to follow because they reveal contingencies and uncertainties in taken-for-granted
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STS Currents against the “Anti-Science” Tide Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-01-08 Abby J. Kinchy
This essay considers some possible relationships that STS scholars can have with activists who are resisting attacks on environmental science. STS scholars can document the counter-currents to the “anti-science” moment, work in partnership with activists outside of academia, use access to institutional resources to give environmental movements strength, use STS research to help activists better understand
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Du Boisian Propaganda, Foucauldian Genealogy, and Antiracism in STS Research Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-01-08 Anthony Ryan Hatch
This essay explores the relationships between the “new” anti-science formation under Trump and the kinds of anti-Black racisms we are experiencing at present. What appears at first glance to be a new anti-science formation, isn’t new at all, but old wine in new cloth, all dressed up to confound and distract our gaze from power. The vast majority of Black and Brown people are not surprised nor fooled
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Drought, Hurricane, or Wildfire? Assessing the Trump Administration’s Anti-Science Disaster Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-01-08 Scott Frickel, Christopher M. Rea
We describe the Trump Administration as an “anti-science disaster” and approach study of the phenomenon as other disaster researchers might study the impacts of a drought, hurricane, or wildfire. An important, but rare, element of disaster research is identification of baseline data that allow scientific assessment of changes in social and natural systems. We describe three potential baselines for
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Science and Democracy Reconsidered Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-01-08 Joseph Harris
To what extent is the normative commitment of STS to the democratization of science a product of the democratic contexts where it is most often produced? STS scholars have historically offered a powerful critical lens through which to understand the social construction of science, and seminal contributions in this area have outlined ways in which citizens have improved both the conduct of science and
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We Have Never Been Anti-Science: Reflections on Science Wars and Post-Truth Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-01-08 Michael Lynch
This essay addresses the so-called "post-truth" era in which scientific evidence of, for example, climate change, is given little weight compared to more immediate appeals to emotion and belief, and examines the relationship of alleged anti-science and populist irrationality to left- and right-wing political alignments. It also addresses charges of anti-science that were once leveled at Science and
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Learning in Crisis: Training Students to Monitor and Address Irresponsible Knowledge Construction by US Federal Agencies under Trump Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-01-08 Chris Tirrell, Laura Senier, Sara Ann Wylie, Cole Alder, Grace Poudrier, Jesse DiValli, Marcy Beck, Eric Nost, Rob Brackett, Gretchen Gehrke
Immediately after President Trump’s inauguration, US federal science agencies began deleting information about climate change from their websites, triggering alarm among scientists, environmental activists, and journalists about the administration’s attempt to suppress information about climate change and promulgate climate denialism. The Environmental Data & Governance Initiative (EDGI) was founded
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Enchanted Determinism: Power without Responsibility in Artificial Intelligence Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-01-08 Alexander Campolo, Kate Crawford
Deep learning techniques are growing in popularity within the field of artificial intelligence (AI). These approaches identify patterns in large scale datasets, and make classifications and predictions, which have been celebrated as more accurate than those of humans. But for a number of reasons, including nonlinear path from inputs to outputs, there is a dearth of theory that can explain why deep
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From Sideline to Frontline: STS in the Trump Era Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-01-08 Daniel Lee Kleinman
The Trump presidency and its relationship to science and truth have prompted considerable reflection as well as significant action by STS scholars. Among those thinking, speaking, and acting are the authors of the articles in this thematic collection. This brief introduction summarizes the major strands in each of the articles, placing them in the context of current political trends.
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Low-Carbon Research: Building a Greener and More Inclusive Academy Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-01-08 Anne Pasek
This essay examines how the fossil fuel energy regimes that support contemporary academic norms in turn shape and constrain knowledge production. High-carbon research methods and exchanges, particularly those that depend on aviation, produce distinct exclusions and incentives that could be reformed in the transition to a low-carbon academy. Drawing on feminist STS, alternative modes of collective research
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Hidden Injustice and Anti-Science Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-01-08 Laurel Smith-Doerr
This essay responds to the five articles on Anti-Science in this journal issue by discussing a significant theme identified across all of them: hidden injustice. Some of the ways that injustice is hidden by organizational forces related to anti-science are identified. In response, the essay points to the need for empirical data on anti-science policies, a symmetric approach to anti-science contexts
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Upgraded to Obsolescence: Age Intervention in the Era of Biohacking Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-01-08 Kirsten L. Ellison
Popularized by DIY scientists and quantified-selfers, the language of “biohacking” has become increasingly prevalent in anti-aging discourse. Presented with speculative futures of superhuman health and longevity, consumers and patients are invited to “hack” the aging process, reducing age to one of the many programs, or rather “bugs” that can be re-written, removed, and rendered obsolete. Drawing on
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Rethinking Scientific Habitus: Toward a Theory of Embodiment, Institutions, and Stratification of Science Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-07-03 June Jeon
Pierre Bourdieu’s concept of habitus has been largely absent in Science and Technology Studies (STS) despite its potential usefulness. In this essay, I develop the concept of scientific habitus as a useful way to think about scientific practices. I argue that scientific habitus may offer three contributions that illuminate scientists’ own micro-practices in relation to meso- and macro-level dynamics
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“All these worlds are yours except …”: Science Fiction and Folk Fictions at NASA Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-06-12 Janet Vertesi
Although they command real spacecraft exploring the solar system, NASA scientists refer frequently to science fiction in the course of their daily work. Fluency with the Star Trek series and other touchstone works demonstrates membership in broader geek culture. But references to Star Trek, movies like 2001 and 2010, and Dr. Strangelove also do the work of demarcating project team affiliation and position
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Post-truth and the Search for Objectivity: Political Polarization and the Remaking of Knowledge Production Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-04-03 Shreeharsh Kelkar
The United States has entered an era of “post-truth” as even seemingly proven facts seem open to contestation. The contests over facts range from the existential (when conservatives deny climate change) to the trivial (when the Trump administration questions the audience figures of its own inauguration ceremony). This essay combines two literatures on post-truth that rarely speak to each other: institutional
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Good Mothering Before Birth: Measuring Attachment and Ultrasound as an Affective Technology Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-03-23 Jennifer Denbow
The idea that fetal ultrasound is useful for promoting a pregnant woman’s emotional attachment to her fetus is commonplace in the United States. While STS scholars have examined many facets of ultrasound, scholars have not analyzed the medical construction of ultrasound as an affective technology. This article fills that gap by bringing feminist STS and affect studies together to examine medical understandings
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Translators Producing Knowledge: Where There Is No Doctor in Tamil Engaging Science, Technology, and Society (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-03-23 Lillian Walkover
where there is no doctor is one of the most widely used community health books in the world and has been translated into over 80 languages. this paper traces four aspects of translation in tamil-language editions of the text, including doctor illaadha idaththil and related books. first, translators choose and create language to produce a colloquial text related to, but different from, the original