Dumbbell-like ZnO micro-nanomaterials with uniform morphology were prepared with tetrasulfonatomethyl-n-hexyl calix[4]resorcinarene tetrasodium salt (THCRT) by a simple reflux method. The ZnO samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Br

Electrochemical route is an admirable strategy for N 2 fixation to NH 3 , which can save more energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions compared with the Haber‐Bosch process. However, it still suffers from extremely low ammonia yield for the lack of effective electrocatalysts and shows low Faraday efficiency due to competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, we firstly synthesized needle‐like

The asymmetric amination of secondary racemic allylic alcohols bears several challenges like the reactivity of the bi‐functional substrate/product as well as of the α,β‐unsaturated ketone intermediate in an oxidation‐reductive amination sequence. Heading for a biocatalytic amination cascade with a minimal number of enzymes, an oxidation step was implemented relying on a single PQQ‐dependent dehydrogenase

Increasing production and usage of several consumer products and energy sources have resulted in the accumulation of substantial amount of waste products that are toxic and/or difficult to biodegrade, thus creating a severe threat to our planet. With the recently advocated concepts of circular chemistry, an attractive approach to tackle the challenge of chemical waste reduction is to utilize these

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Abstract Mathematical models of methane decomposition during its pyrolysis, including nonstationary diffusion equations with and without taking into account the convective component of the decomposition process, have been developed and verified. Their exact analytical solutions have been obtained and further used in the study of a mathematical model of the formation of solid carbon particles arising

Abstract The distribution of saturated biomarker hydrocarbons (n-alkanes, isoprenanes, steranes, terpanes) in extracts of the soluble part and thermolysis products of the insoluble part of biomass of the Shewanella putrefaciens bacteria isolated from crude oil of the Dagang field and in the products of thermolysis of asphaltenes from the same oil have been studied by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Abstract A study of methanol steam reforming (MSR) in the presence of a Ni0.2–Cu0.8/Ce0.3Zr0.7O2-δ catalyst in conventional and membrane reactors has revealed that the hydrogen yield in a reactor with a Pd–Cu membrane is higher than that in a conventional flow reactor. It has been shown that the Pd–Cu alloy membrane exhibits high hydrogen permeability. Methanol steam reforming in the membrane reactor

Abstract To support the industrial design and process development for the separation of xylenol isomers from coal tar, the present work was focused on 2,4/2,5-xylenol mixture as 2,4-xylenol and 2,5-xylenol have very close boiling points. Specifically, the kinetics of the alkylation of 2,4/2,5-xylenol mixture was investigated that formed the first step of the alkylation-distillation-dealkylation separation

Abstract Four hindered phenolic esters were prepared by esterification between 3-(3,5-Di-tert-butyl-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid and fatty alcohols. The synthesized esters were characterised by NMR, IR and ESI-MS and analysed for their antioxidant properties and thermal stability. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Rancimat studies were conducted to explore the effect of synthesized compounds

The effect of samarium (Sm) addition on the microstructure, mechanical performance and corrosion behavior of extruded AZ41-xSm (x = 0%, 1%, 2% and 3%) alloys has been investigated by using optical microscope (OM), X-ray diffusion (XRD), scanning electronic microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS), tensile testing, hydrogen evolved and electrochemical tests. It is observed

In order to examine the Zn doping impact on the electronic and optical behaviours of the host Cu2O material at various concentrations (x=3.125%, 12.5%, and 25%) of Zn, we have performed first principles calculations. The computed electronic density of states of the pure bulk material Cu2O is established which corroborate the available previous experimental and theoretical reports. The Zn doped host

Poor selectivity has always been the most severe challenge in the practical applications of gas sensors based on metal-oxide semiconductors (MOSs). It is difficult to distinguish CO and H2 because of the cross-sensitivity phenomenon. Herein, a series of n-ZnO/p-xCo3O4 NPs (1:x represents the molar ratio of Zn:Co) was prepared through a simple sol-gel method. Structural and material characterization

Doping transition metal ions in LiCoO2 batteries has been proved an efficient method to improve the electrochemical properties in experiment, which is deeply related with the distorted local structure of impurities ions. According to the observed EPR spectra, the distorted local structures for 3d3 (Mn4+), 3d5 (Fe3+) and 3d7 (Ni3+) ions in LiCoO2 batteries are theoretically studied based on the perturbation

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have recently attracted broad scientific interests due to their unique structural feature, the single-atom dispersion. Optimized electronic structure as well as high stability are required for single-atom catalysts to enable efficient electrochemical production of H2O2. Herein, we report a facile synthesis method that stabilizes atomic Pd species on the reduced graphene

Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation (CTH) of unsaturated functional groups to obtain high value-added products has attracted considerable attention in heterogeneous catalysis. Herein, we report a Ni single atoms (SAs) catalyst anchoring to Mg−Al mixed metal oxide (MMO) based on structural topotactic transformation from hydrotalcite precursor, which displays an excellent catalytic behavior toward CTH of

Discovering low-cost, durable and highly active electrocatalysts with reduced use of precious platinum group metals (PGM) as catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a key step for large-scale adaptation of fuel cells, electrolyzers, and metal-air batteries. Here we explore the stability and reaction mechanisms

H-ZSM-5 supported Ga (Ga/H-ZSM-5) has long been recognized as a promising catalyst for nonoxidative dehydrogenation and aromatization of alkanes. However, Ga speciation under reaction conditions remains controversial. In this work, in-situ transmission Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is employed to systematically investigate Ga speciation in Ga/H-ZSM-5 with three Si/Al ratios (15, 28

An important strategy for reducing the impact of global CO2 emissions involves conversion technologies that transform CO2 into value-added materials. Bimetallic electrocatalysts of Zn and Ag were constructed on polypyrrole-decorated carbon paper (CP/PPy) electrodes for the improved electrochemical reduction of CO2 to CO. Bimetallic catalysts with different Zn and Ag atomic ratios were produced by the

Methanol is one of the most desirable C1 products in the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). The intricate nature of the reaction pathway involving six-electron transfer, however, makes the process highly challenging. In this work, we report a ternary heterostructural catalyst CoO/CN/Ni, with cobalt as catalytic centers supported on N-doped carbon with underlying nickel, which presents

Direct ethanol fuel cells are among the most promising clean electrochemical power sources. Nevertheless, the high cost and low efficiency of the Pt-based catalysts hinder their commercialization. Here, Pt-Sn-Co nanocubes with a Pt- and Sn-rich shell show improved performance towards the electrochemical ethanol oxidation reaction. Mechanistic and structural insights were obtained by synergistically

Photocatalytic aerobic oxidation of alcohols for the direct synthesis of esters has received significant attention in recent years, but the relatively low efficiency and selectivity under visible light irradiation is the main challenge for their practical applications. Here, surface acidic sites were imparted onto metal-free heterogeneous photocatalysts by the protonation of carbon nitride (HMCN) to

Given that high-molecular-weight functionalized polyethylene with high polar monomer incorporation ratio are often difficult to achieve, the development of highly efficient catalysts for ethylene and polar monomer copolymerization is still an urgent need in the field of olefin polymerization. In this contribution, we developed a series of highly sterically hindered iminopyridyl Pd(II) catalysts bearing