This paper aims to perform the entropy analysis and thermal performance evaluation of a wavy-channels triplex-tube latent heat storage heat exchanger (LHSHE) during melting and solidification mechanisms. The system with different wave amplitudes was examined for different temperatures and Reynolds numbers of the heat transfer fluid (HTF). Water is passed in the inner and outer tubes in opposite directions

Enzyme production as well as rice straw saccharification and fermentation were integrated to produce bioethanol in this study. Submerged fermentation of Na2CO3 pretreated rice straw to produce a complex enzyme for saccharification by Aspergillus fumigatus was performed. The major component of rice straw, that is cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin was almost completely degraded in 24 h. Using whole

Offshore wind turbines in the vicinity of ship traffic are exposed to increased risks of ship collisions. To better understand the impact mechanism, this paper evaluates the dynamic responses of a monopile-supported wind turbine under ship impacts, using both numerical and analytical methods. The nonlinear finite element method is applied during the numerical simulations, and the wind load effects

In the present paper, a new hybrid model for transient heat transfer in Earth-Air Heat Exchangers (EAHE) based on thermal resistance capacity circuit is developed. To evaluate the performance of the EAHE, part of the solution field (soil around the pipe) is analytically solved. To assess the heat transfer in pipe and within the fluid inside the pipe, the solution field is divided into different layers

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal). After consultation with the Author this article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. A certain part of text is the same as that of an earlier paper by S. Karimi, N. Fraser, B. Roberts, and F. R. Foulkes in Advances in Materials

Electrified vehicles users may expect their vehicle to have a steady autonomy range and available power throughout the lifetime of their cars. The health assessment of Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), in that regard, represents a critical point for performance evaluation and lifetime prediction. Reliable state-of-health (SoH) assessment is essential to ensure cautious and suitable use of LIBs. To that

Lithium metal is a promising anode candidate for high-energy-density secondary batteries due to its high theoretical capacity and low electrochemical potential, but the uncontrolled lithium dendrite growth causing the poor cycling performance and safety concerns becomes the main drawback in the lithium metal batteries (LMBs). This study presents a phase-field method for modeling the lithium dendrite

This study reports the use of hypotonic osmotic shock as a treatment step to enhance the recoveries of biofuel-convertible lipids and proteins from lipid-rich saltwater Nannochloropsis gaditana (N. gaditana) slurries (biomass content = ~140 mg biomass / g slurry, total lipid content = ~600 mg lipid /g biomass). The osmotic shock was induced through repeated washing of microalgal slurries with multiple

Complex permittivity measurements were conducted for four crude oils and a gas condensate at temperatures ranging from 25 °C to 125 °C. The measurements were conducted using a liquid test fixture and results are reported for frequencies between 50 kHz and 5 MHz. Geochemical analyses were performed, and the main components of the liquid hydrocarbons were identified and, in the process, both the provenance

A computational simulation of counterflow nonpremixed flame was performed to study the effects of hydrogen enrichment on NO chemistry on the basis of the methodology of fabricating hydrogen enrichment. Normal hydrogen and the fictitious hydrogen enrichment with weakened transport properties were both introduced into flame modeling and the comparative analysis was implemented to explore the coupling

Over the last decades, researchers devote to improving the combustion and emission performance of conventional fuels. Nanofuels, which are suspensions of energetic nanomaterials in liquid media, was proposed and became a promising alternative fuel. Optimizing the blend of nanoparticles and hydrocarbon fuels can dramatically decrease the world’s demand for fossil fuels without modifying state-of-the-art

The large amount of NOx emitted from ships causes great harm to the environment and to health. Due to the strict regulations on NOx emission, it is urgent to develop a marine NOx absorption technology with efficient NOx removal and less nitrate residue in scrubber water. This paper proposed a novel composite Na2SO3/(NH2)2CO absorption system that could efficiently absorb NOx from ships. The NOx absorption

The chemical dissolution of mineral components has a good effect on increasing the permeability of coal and oil reservoirs. At present, the accomplishments have focused on the analysis of the impact of strong corrosive acids on low porosity coal rocks. However, strong corrosive acids have safety problems, and their consumption rate is fast. The weak corrosive organic acid has little research on coalbed

Dual-fuel (DF) compression ignition engines, which employ a high-reactivity pilot fuel (e.g. diesel or DME) to ignite a low-reactivity lean premixed charge (e.g. methane/air), have been proposed to meet stringent pollutant regulations. Due to the complex multiscale interaction among flow, chemistry and flames, DF combustion exhibits a complicated, multi-modal combustion regimes and is hence challenging

A detailed experimental work is conducted to address the response of premixed syngas-air (H2/CO = 50%/50%) explosion with the effect of equivalence ratio and ignition location. The equivalence ratio, Φ, ranges from 0.8 to 3.0, and three different ignition locations, i.e., left closed end (Ig-1), central duct (Ig-2), and right open end (Ig-3), are considered. Results show that the flame oscillates more

The constraints of conventional oils, stringent environmental regulations, and increasing demand for lighter distillates have shifted interest towards heavy crude oils, and atmospheric and vacuum residues upgrading. Therefore, refineries are looking for promising hydrogen addition-based technologies. Slurry phase hydrocracking is an emerging and capable technology for achieving a high conversion of

An analysis of the atomization region of a series of diesel sprays generated from a hybrid (air-blast & electrostatic) atomizer is presented. The atomizer has been specifically designed to operate on single or hybrid mode to enable the delivery of a charged and/or air-assisted spray for combustion applications. High speed microscopic backlit imaging is applied over a range of operating conditions.

The microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are one of the emerging sustainable power sources, that are being effectively used for the simultaneous treatment of wastewater with concomitant generation of electricity. The present study develops a fed-batch process with an optimized level of two microorganisms for concurrent treatment of real dairy wastewater (RDW) and stable power generation using a single-chamber

Cyber-attacks these threats, the cyber security assessment of IT and OT infrastructures can foster a higher degree of safety and resilience against cyber-attacks. Therefore, the use of attack simulations based on system architecture models is proposed. To reduce the effort of creating new attack graphs for each system under assessment, domain-specific languages (DSLs) can be employed. DSLs codify the

Polyoxometallates (POMs) are ideal candidates for energy storage because of their multielectron transfer. (n‑Bu 4 N) 3 PW 12 O 40 (TBA‐PW), and Cs 3 PW 12 O 40 (Cs‐PW), prepared by proton‐exchange with tetrabutylammonium (TBA + ) and cesium (Cs + ) from H 3 PW 12 O 40 , suffer from serious capacity fading, due to the contained crystal water. The presence of water in POMs is well known, but its effect

As a promising electrochemical energy storage system, rechargeable aluminum batteries face critical challenges in their quest for commercial viability. While the design of suitable cathodes has attracted much attention, their chemical composition and purity has been less of a concern. This is especially true for carbon cathodes, where the presence of metallic impurities is often overlooked. Herein

Grid applications require high power density (for frequency regulation, load leveling, renewable energy integration) achievable by combining multiple batteries in a system without strict high capacity requirements. For these applications however, safety, cost‐efficiency and lifespan of electrode materials are crucial. Titanates, safe and longevous anode materials providing much lower energy density

In this work, carbon materials are prepared by sintering polyethersulfone membrane as precursor, and oxygen-containing functional groups are introduced into its surface with concentrated nitric acid as modifier. Then, the characteristics of oxygen-containing functional groups are used to adsorb iron ions to prepare iron-doped carbon material. And after doping with iron, the material not only has higher

By leveraging the sustainable selective thermal transformation, the waste coffee grounds could be converted to a hetero oxygen/nitrogen atom induced meso-microporous activated carbon without using any pore-forming agent or dopant. N originates from the natural protein and caffeine of coffee and is implanted into the activated carbon in situ. The activated carbon gains a decent specific surface area

Two-dimensional black phosphorus (2D BP) and its derivatives has recently attracted significant research attention on energy storage devices due to its extremely high electronic conductivity, anisotropic structural advantages and high specific capacity. Through in-depth research, the performance defects of BP-based devices are discovered, which is mainly due to the poor chemical stability of BP. In

There is a common misconception that at least 95% of Egypt’s potential hydropower has already been used, which does not reflect reality. Currently, only five hydropower plants operate along the river Nile, from Aswan high dam to Assiut barrage. The total installed capacity is around 2840 MW. However, Egypt has many main canals and Rayahat and an irrigation network system, including barrages, head regulators

This study aims to identify appropriate innovative strategies for solar energy investments for both commercial and non-commercial users. For this purpose, TRIZ-based 8 different innovative strategies are identified. Later, these strategies are weighted with the interval type-2 fuzzy DEMATEL (IT2 FDEMATEL) method to define more important strategies. Thus, the main motivation of this study is to figure

The operation of photovoltaic (PV) array under shade faces great challenges due to the power loss that reduces the extracted power. Reconfiguration process is one of the most promising solutions to reduce the effect of shadow on the array. However, the physical array relocation methods like total cross-tied (TCT) and Su Do Ku have some limitations due to their complicated arrangements. Therefore, this

Low salinity water injection is a promising water-based enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method for carbonate rocks. However, permeability impairment resulted from competition between mineral scale precipitation and rock dissolution is not well understood due to complex injection water/formation brine/rock interactions. In this paper, simultaneous effects of rock dissolution and mineral scale precipitation

The present research is carried out to examine the efficiency of a novel spiral liquid block for the cooling of electronic processors. To enhance the cooling efficiency, a biologically produced nanofluid having graphene nanoplatelets is considered. The numerical analyses are performed at different concentrations ranging from 0 to 0.1% for different Reynolds numbers (Re) and pumping powers. Furthermore