In this study, we reported a ratiometric electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor based on localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)-enhanced Ag@Au nanostructures combined with palladium nanoclusters (Pd NCs) catalyzing the luminol-gold nanoparticles (L-Au NPs). Firstly, L-Au NPs were synthesized, hydrogen peroxide (HO) was used as a co-reactant, and Ag@Au nanostructures acted as an LSPR source to

This study aimed to prepare high-performance flexible and power-generation humidity sensors based on lithium chloride (LiCl) coated on laser-induced porous graphene (LIPG). LIPG was produced on the polyimide film (PI) as a substrate through an ultraviolet laser processing system. By using a primary cell structure, the humidity sensor consisted of Cu and Al electrodes and a LiCl active layer. Humidity

Metal semiconductor oxides (MOSs) derived from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) possess unique internal structure that offer great potential for development in the sensing fields. In this study, we synthesized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) doped nanocubic CuO with Cu(Ⅱ)-BTC as a sacrificial template. The rGO/CuO-10 flexible sensor exhibits 30-fold improvement in response to 10 ppm HS at room temperature

Nanozymes-based optical sensors are widely used in the field of disease diagnosis, but most of the metal-based nanomaterials with peroxidase-like would not only require the addition of unstable and slightly toxic hydrogen peroxide but also often be affected by their own oxidase-like activity leading to the problems such as poor reproducibility and environmental pollution. Moreover, single-mode biosensors

Dense CeO-doped with 10 mol% Pr (CePrO, PCO) films were fabricated as sensing electrodes of YSZ-based gas sensors by using radio-frequency magnetron sputtering method, and their sensing properties to toluene were evaluated in this study. The microstructure of the SEs was basically dense, but the rod-like microstructure was observed when the chamber pressure during sputtering was low. The toluene response

-Butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) is a phenolic antioxidant commonly found in edible oils. However, excessive amounts of TBHQ can adversely affect food quality due to its toxic and mutagenic effects, which may cause human injury and present carcinogenic risks. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop a sensitive and accurate analytical method for the rapid detection of TBHQ. In this work, hierarchical flower-structured

Xanthine oxidase (XO) has played a crucial role as one of the key enzymes in the oxidation of purines and the formation of uric acid. Excessive accumulation of uric acid can lead to gout formation and acute gout inflammatory response. Therefore, it has shown significant importance to develop a method for a real-time dynamic detection of XO in vivo, which contributed to the study in purine metabolism

Rapid and sensitive detection of foodborne pathogens is crucial for public health. Inspired by firefly lanterns, we innovatively introduced aggregation-induced emission (AIE) enhanced gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) fluorescent microspheres that offer enhanced fluorescence and stability against environmental interference as fluorescence probes for sensitive pathogen detection. These microspheres, designated

N-propyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol are common raw materials and solvents used in cosmetic manufacturing processes, and they can pose a health risk to production workers. Rapid online detection of their concentrations can provide protection for workers' health. However, the detection of the same type of gases with the same functional groups, especially the mixture of gases, is still a great challenge

In this work, an eco-friendly and rapid dual-mode detection method for HS based on europium oxide doped with carbon quantum dots nanocomposites (EuO@CDs NPs) is proposed. An efficient electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor and dual emission ratio type fluorescence (FL) sensor was constructed by EuO@CDs NPs, which exhibit excellent ECL and FL properties. It successfully realized the precise quantitative

Surface plasmon resonance microscopy (SPRM) is an emerging tool for nanoscale observation. However, while employing the SPRM to observe long-term dynamic processes on the nanoscale, the micrometer-scale optomechanical drift-induced defocus is the main obstacle. This paper proposes a focus drift correction (FDC) enhanced SPRM that calculates the positional deviations of inherent reflection spots to

Developing an excellent n-butanol gas sensor with low detection limit is crucial because of the environmental and health risks that n-butanol pose in high concentrations. Metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) based gas sensors are favoured for their high response, good selectivity, rapid response speed, stable reliability, and low cost. However, many sensitive materials for MOS based n-butanol sensors are

In this study, a nano-flower MoSe-SnS humidity sensor with S defects with fast response and low humidity hysteresis was prepared for respiratory and skin humidity detection. The increase in S vacancy defects provides more adsorption sites for water molecules and also facilitates the decomposition of water molecules and improves proton conduction. The construction of MoSe-SnS composite prompted an increase

To achieve reliable detection of viral antigens, it is critical to develop of antifouling sensor arrays. Herein, we introduce a robust strategy for facile design and construction of hydrogel-based antifouling sensor arrays with a light-responsive bifunctional crosslinker. Upon UV light irradiation, the capture antibodies and blocking agents can be chemically conjugated onto the hydrogel interface to

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is both a biologically significant signaling molecule, and a harmful gas that is generated in the environment; thus, its detection and monitoring are required in range of biological and environmental systems. Most fluorescent probes for HS detection rely on single-detection fluorescence signals, making them vulnerable to interference from other species in complex microenvironment

Stimuli-responsive magnetic mesoporous silica microspheres FeO@mSiO have been widely used in biosensors. Here, we developed a CRISPR/Cas 12a system triggered FeO@mSiO for label-free detection of cancer marker miRNA-21. A lot of methylene blue (MB) molecules, as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signal molecules, were loaded into the mesopores of FeO@mSiO. G-quadruplex/hemin complexes, as gates

The photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensor is a new sensing platform which has the merits of low background signal, low cost, easy miniaturization and so on. However, at present, most PEC biosensors utilize visible light or ultraviolet light as the excitation light source. This type of light has high energy and may cause some light damage to the detected object and some photoelectric materials, thus

Ex-solution process is a novel technology to grow uniformly distributed highly catalytic nanoparticles (NPs) on the surface of parent metal oxide solid support and has been recently applied to diverse engineering applications. Here, we study the effect of CoFeRu NPs which are ex-solved on the surface of Ru-doped LaSrCoFeO (LSCF) perovskite at reduction temperature 350–550 °C. The shape and size of

A label-free fiber biosensor based on Erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) integrated singlemode – tapered quad-core -singlemode fiber (STQS) structure is proposed and demonstrated for the detection of TNF-α. An excessive level of TNF-α in the body is an indicator for a number of serious health conditions. The sensor head structure is constructed by splicing and tapering a short section quad-core fiber

Electrochemical biosensing combined with screen-printed paper technology provides an effective strategy for the quantitative analysis of metal ions, particularly suitable for determination. In this study, a disposable, economical and user-friendly screen-printed dual-working electrodes (SPDEs) aptasensor system for the determination of lead ions (Pb) and mercury ions (Hg) was described. The sensor

Lysosomal membranes fluidity is a crucial parameter closely relative to lysosomal fission and fusion, autophagy, endocytosis, and exocytosis. However, fluorescent probes for the visualization of lysosomal membranes fluidity were rarely reported. In this work, by linking an amine moiety on a polarity-responsive near-infrared fluorophore, we have constructed a well membrane permeable probe () to visualize

This paper addresses the long-standing challenge of poor selectivity in MOS sensors towards gases with similar properties, exemplified by the difficulty in distinguishing between H and CO in mixed environments. In this paper, n-SnO/p-CoO nanocomposites have been prepared as sensing materials by a straightforward pyrolytic bimetallic organic framework method. Optimal hydrogen detection is achieved with

Diabetes, characterized by elevated blood sugar levels, often leads to various complications. Cysteine (Cys), a biomarker of oxidative stress, is crucial in the progression of diabetes and its complications. Unfortunately, up until now, fluorescent probes for imaging lysosomal Cys in diabetic mouse models have not been available. Ferroptosis, linked to antioxidant damage in the lysosomal Cys/GPX4 axis

Herein, we designed a memoristor-type gas sensor (gasistor) with Ag/ordered TiO nanorods/FTO sandwich structure for recognizing ethanol concentration in ethanol-methanol mixtures. The gas adsorption characteristics of different TiO substrates were first investigated by first-principle calculations. The results showed that the TiO surface in the low resistance state exhibited better immunity to other

Gas concentration detection is a vital aspect of environmental monitoring, industrial safety, and various other applications. Metal Oxide (MOX) sensors have gained considerable attention in this context due to their low cost and ability to detect several gases, although their selectivity is a potential drawback. In this paper, a data-driven approach for the detection and estimation of ethanol concentration

This study presents a novel biosensor that integrates CRISPR-Cas12a technology with DNA tile-based architectures to enhance thrombin detection. Utilizing PAM-engineered toehold switches, the biosensor dynamically activates the CRISPR-Cas12a system upon thrombin recognition, significantly improving both sensitivity and specificity. The label-free electrochemical detection method offers rapid, cost-effective

Accurately predicting unseen data, instead of mere memorization of training examples, is a critical goal of machine learning. This generalization is particularly important in the field of chemical sensors, where the ability to accurately predict the chemical properties or concentration levels of unknown samples is crucial. The paper presents a comprehensive yet accessible introduction to various machine

Various nanostructures can be developed through oxygen-controlled sputter, transitioning from a triangular configuration to a grain with a smooth surface. In the current study, the P-N junction of double-layer CuO/SnO was generated for gas sensing application, where the nanostructure is varied by modifying argon to oxygen concentration in the sputter chamber. NO gas is tested for triangular CuO/SnO

Although oxidative stress processes based on reactive oxygen species have been the research focus, analyzing this phenomenon at the single-cell level is challenging. A microfluidic platform combined with highly sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technology was constructed. The secretion of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the extracellular microenvironmental pH fluctuations

Lead-free ternary copper halides are emerging environmentally friendly materials, which have recently received great attention for their favorable optoelectronic properties. However, few attention was paid to their applications in gas sensing and gas-triggered fluorescence anti-counterfeiting. In this work, we demonstrate an effective CsCuI halide for NH sensing and NH-triggered fluorescence anti-counterfeiting

Some π-molecular radicals typically exist in solution as π-dimers with metastable characteristics. Therefore, attempting to improve the stability of radical π-dimers is a fascinating endeavor. Herein, a series of hydroxyl-functionalised isolated perylene bisimide anionic radical π-dimers were obtained by using intramolecular hydrogen bond assistance in a one-step process for the first time. It is also

Novel high-performance fluorescent strategies have always been in great demand for carbon monoxide (CO) detection and cell-imaging at room temperature, which have two sides of a coin: its high toxicity even at low concentrations and crucial role in physiological and pathophysiological processes. Herein, we constructed a copper-bridged fluorescent turn-on molecular system, , in monitoring and cell-imaging

The biomarker CA15–3 plays a significant role in cancer diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring. In this study, a photoelectrochemical (PEC) immunosensor was designed using hexagonal ZnTiO/BiS heterojunction as the photoactive material, and ZnS@Au as a label for the detection antibody to amplify the signal. The hexagonal ZnTiO serves as the substrate material, providing a stable photocurrent response

Low humidity hysteresis and fast response are important parameters for evaluating sensor performances. However, it is difficult for a sensor to simultaneously obtain a low humidity hysteresis and fast response time. In this work, a low humidity hysteresis and fast response silicon based capacitive humidity sensor was fabricated based on a two-step deposition strategy using SiO and GO. The scanning

TiCT MXene have attracted enormous attention in portable, wearable electronics areas due to its excellent flexible, electrical conductivity and outstanding physical and chemical properties. Here, 2D α-FeO/TiCT MXene composites were synthesized by in-suit growth of α-FeO on the surface of TiCT MXene and between the layers of TiCT MXene by solvothermal and annealing methods. Compared with pure α-FeO

The increasing concern about tetracyclines (TCs) contamination brings out the development of multifunctional materials to sensitively detect and effectively remove TCs. Herein, a novel Eu-Luminol/ZIF-8 (Eu-L/ZIF-8) heterojunction is rationally designed for the simultaneous capture and ratiometric sensing of TCs. The large specific surface area, hollow and multiple pore structure of Eu-L/ZIF-8 boost

Finger distance perception plays a crucial role in enabling humanoid intelligent robotic systems to achieve smooth interaction with humans. Here, a rapidly response optical humidity sensor enabled with graphene quantum dots (GQD) for non-contact finger distance detection was proposed. The GQD was prepared through the functionalization of graphene oxide (GO) with hydrophilic groups. This modification

Photoacoustic (PA) imaging, merging high spatial resolution and deep tissue penetration, holds promise for biomedical applications, particularly cancer diagnosis. The effectiveness of PA imaging heavily relies on the use of contrast agents that enhance the PA signal. However, the efficient preparation of targeted PA contrast agents remains a challenge. Here, we report the development of microfluidic-enabled

The need for highly sensitive and reliable gas sensors is critical for various applications. Metal oxide gas sensors are at the forefront of this technological demand. However, existing studies predominantly focus on enhancing the sensor response, often neglecting other crucial performance metrics such as thermal stability, leading to sensors with suboptimal overall performance. In this study, we investigate

Nanofluidics has developed, enabling the analysis of single nanoparticles such as viruses and macromolecules using nanochannels. However, since nanoparticles migrate randomly by Brownian motion with displacements comparable to the nanochannel size, it is difficult to array and process nanoparticles individually in continuous phase flows with biological analyte concentrations of pM–nM. The present study

This study presents an innovative integrated electrochemical system for droplet-based electropolymerization and sensor applications. The system features a circular geometry and uses perfluorocarbon-based hydrophobic material to facilitate droplet formation, thus requiring only microliters of solution. The methodology includes a detailed fabrication process of the electrochemical chips and demonstrates

To investigate the role of nitric oxide (NO) in oral tissue damage and periodontal diseases, this study designed and synthesized a novel near-infrared fluorescent probe, BPTQ. The probe BPTQ can react with NO through its amino group to form N-nitroso compounds, which induces a highly selective and sensitive fluorescence "turn-on" effect. The probe exhibited a detection limit of 15 nM and responded

Low-power triethylamine (TEA) detection at room temperature (RT) is becoming increasingly significant in practical scenarios. As a novel two-dimensional material, TiCT MXene has a high potential in the field of chemical sensing at RT. It is essential to acquire the composition of the surface functional groups for TiCT since the surface chemistry is crucial for a strong interplay between the target

A series of Au NPs decorated hierarchical InO/SnInS microcubes were prepared by in-situ growing SnInS nanosheets on the surface of InO microcubes and followed by reducing Au NPs on the surface of the hierarchical composite. The gas sensing performance of the sensors based on the as-prepared materials were systematically assessed. And the results showed that coverage of SnInS and introduction of appropriate

The prompt identification of organic solvents is essential in many practical scenarios. This work introduces a compact optical device for rapid, non-contact detection of organic solvents. The fabrication of the GaN chip employs a monolithic integration approach, enabling the simultaneous formation of on-chip components responsible for light emission and light detection. The self-assembled polystyrene

Here we explore the click chemistry-based synthesis of high affinity multivalent aptamers and their application for virus detection. In contrast to attempts based on rigid constructs, such as aptamer-modified nanoparticles or hybridization-connected constructs, we propose highly flexible “star-shaped” multivalent aptamers to facilitate the cooperative binding to randomly distributed viral proteins

The detection of β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB) is crucial for the rapid diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis and health management. However, daily monitoring of dynamically changing β-HB concentrations is challenging and still limited to laboratory settings or painful and invasive measurements. Herein, we report a wearable electrochemical sensor integrated with iontophoresis for non-invasive monitoring of

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensors are widely employed in biochemical detection due to their accuracy and speed, but most PEC measurement systems face challenges with bulky instruments and complex operations. Current miniaturized systems based on Potentiostat and constant light are limited in accuracy and application ranges. PEC systems based on mod/demod signal processing offer high SNR and accuracy

This study presents the inaugural demonstration of a microbial electrochemical cell (MXC)-based biosensor for naphthenic acids (NAs) detection in oil sands process water (OSPW) from a mining site. During the calibration process, different operating parameters were evaluated, including standing times (3 – 12 hours) and charging durations (5 – 20 minutes) within the charging-discharging cycles. The observations

Highly accessible and highly accurate diagnostics are necessary to combat rapidly-spreading infectious diseases, such as the recent COVID-19 pandemic. While lateral flow antigen tests have become pervasive, they are insufficiently sensitive to detect early or asymptomatic disease. Nucleic acid amplification tests provide the needed sensitivity, but accessibility of these tests continues to be a challenge

The proof of concept of a new portable protocol for the detection and speciation of methylmercury and mercury(II) cations in fish samples is described. In this way, traces of methylmercury and/or mercury(II) cations in fish were quantitatively detected using an elaborated protocol and including a fluorescent sensor. In-the-field accurate results were obtained due to the selective behavior of the chemical

Herein, borazine (BN) assisted-oriented surface imprinted electrochemical sensor was designed for umifenovir (UMI) detection in serum and urine samples. An imprinted electrochemical sensor was developed via photopolymerization whereas butyl methacrylate monomer (BuMA) was selected as the functional monomer for coordinating the template molecules, UMI in the presence of BN as orientating UMI molecules

Cancer remains a formidable global health challenge, necessitating precise diagnostic tools. The KRAS gene, particularly the G12D mutation, holds pivotal clinical significance across various cancer subtypes. Existing DNA sensing techniques using single-stranded and double-stranded oligonucleotide probes are susceptible for enzymatic degradation, especially in complex biological samples like blood or

Due to their slight structural differences, the rapid identification of benzimidazole fungicides is challenging. In this study, three benzimidazole fungicides (FBZ, CBZ and TBZ) with similar structures were added to the 2C30@3Q[8] host–guest complex. The solutions changed color, suggesting that a reaction occurred. Based on this host–guest interaction, a supramolecular colorimetric sensor array was

Developing a high-sensitive platform for furfuryl mercaptan (FFT) detection is significant but remains challenging. Herein, Au/Ag core-shell nanorods@metal-organic frameworks (Au/Ag@MIL(Fe)) hybrids were constructed through electrostatic interaction, which combined the abundant “hot spots” regions caused by Au/Ag NRs and the great enrichment ability of porous MIL(Fe) and amplified the Raman signal

Microplastics (MPs) pollution has become a focal point of global concern, as the widespread distribution of MPs in the environment poses a potential threat to ecosystems and human health. Despite surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) being one of the most promising detection techniques, the “coffee ring effect” of MPs and their unique size scale make effective contact with SERS substrates challenging

Lipophagy as a form of autophagy, can degrade lipid droplets, thereby acting as a critical regulator of cellular lipid metabolism, helping maintain the intracellular lipid homeostasis. In this study, we developed , a far-red fluorescent probe for pinpointing lipid droplets with high sensitivity to solvent polarity. This probe allows for imaging of lipophagy, tracking how lipid droplets move from non-polar

The analysis of uric acid (UA) in urine is adopted as a standard method for diagnosing related diseases, which provides an effective way for non-invasive detection of UA. However, no portable instruments presently can take an effective detection of UA in urine due to their detection limit, the indicator mainly impacted by sensitive materials. Hence, it is crucial to design electrochemical biosensor

SPRi protein arrays for rapid, label-free immunodetection offer an attractive approach for high throughput biosensing and analysis of molecular interactions. However, their routine use for quantitative analysis requires adequate reproducibility and homogeneity of receptor assemblies manufactured using microdispensing techniques. There is also an emerging need to develop versatile and non-destructive