Abstract not available

When a ferromagnetic material reduces its size to nanometer scale, its magnetic ordering will be altered and its magnetic properties will be consequently changed, because ferromagnetism is a size-sensitive physical phenomenon related to electronic exchange, magnetocrystalline anisotropy, and magnetostatic interactions, which are all effected by geometric parameters of the material at nanometer scale

Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) with zero energy consumption and pollution is regarded as one of the most feasible solutions to replace conventional electrical cooling in the energy-intensive world. Scalable multifunctional radiative cooling materials have great significance to expand the practical applications and advance the progress of this cooling technology, which would bridge the gap

Abstract not available

Precipitation-strengthened Cu alloys with high strength and conductivity (HSC) has become widespread in the electronic and electrical industries. Although pure Cu exhibits high electrical and thermal conductivity, its strength is insufficient. Thus, the primary objective of developing Cu alloys with HSC is to substantially enhance their strength while retaining high electrical conductivity (EC). This

To meet the growing demand for transportation and energy consumption around the world, more efficient turbine engines and power generators with higher operating temperatures are needed, which require alloys with retained strength levels at elevated temperatures. In the past decade, refractory complex concentrated alloys (RCCAs) have gained prominence through numerous reports of superior strengths at

Additive manufacturing (AM) processes have proven to be a perfect match for topology optimization (TO), as they are able to realize sophisticated geometries in a unique layer-by-layer manner. From a manufacturing viewpoint, however, there is a significant likelihood of process-related defects within complex geometrical features designed by TO. This is because TO seldomly accounts for process constraints

Nanoscale spacecrafts have shed light on an audacious but promising vision for interstellar travel to neighboring planets beyond the solar system. The nanocrafts can be accelerated to a significant fraction of light speed, which leads to the possibility of completing the otherwise millennia space missions using the current rocket propulsion technology in several decades. However, electrical energy

The grain size, and therefore the grain boundary density, is known to play a major role in the flow stress of metallic materials. A linear relationship to the inverse of the square root of the grain size was identified about 70 years ago giving rise to the well-established Hall-Petch grain refinement strengthening effect. Nevertheless, grain refinement softening is known to take place at high homologous

Additive manufacturing techniques offer significant advantages over conventional manufacturing methods. These include the possibility of realizing highly customized components in which not only can the geometry be defined with a high degree of freedom, but the material composition or geometrical properties can also be manipulated throughout the component by introducing lattice structure zones. Such

Magnetoelectric (ME) composites exhibit robust ME interfacial coupling due to strong interaction between piezoelectricity and magnetostriction. The presence of two novel functionalities i.e., direct ME coupling, magnetic field control of ferroelectric polarization, and converse ME coupling, electric field control of magnetization makes them ideal candidates for multifunctional devices such as energy

Coatings with micro- or nano-scaled structure are always fabricated by various techniques to fulfill the requirements of unique performances according to special working conditions. The differences in preparation techniques always result in large differences in their properties, even for the same coating materials. High-performance coatings are solely up to surface integrity, morphology, microstructure

Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is an effective technique to construct coatings onto the surface of medical devices. These coatings can act as reservoirs for local delivery of therapeutic agents, including metal ions and metal-free drugs. This manuscript presents a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals and application of EPD coatings for local delivery of therapeutic agents, with a specific focus

Transparent conductive materials (TCMs) have important applications in the fields of military, biomedicine, and energy. Despite the emergence of visible TCMs, the development of infrared TCM is still a daunting challenge due to the trade-off between infrared transparency and conductivity. This greatly limits the development of next-generation infrared electromagnetic shielding, infrared photodetectors

Due to its high energy density and non-polluting combustion, hydrogen has emerged as one of the most promising candidates for meeting future energy demands and realising a C-free world. However, the wider application of hydrogen is restricted by issues related to the generation, storage, and utilisation. Hydrogen production using steam reforming leads to CO2 emissions, storage of hydrogen requires

The accelerated growth of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies has greatly aided the expansion of the affiliated manufacturing industry, leading to cost savings in labor, materials, and time. However, manufacturing defects still limit the range of potential applications of AM components. Among the various surface treatments existing for AMed parts, electrochemical techniques have been considered

Fusion-based additive manufacturing (AM) has significantly grown to fabricate Nickel-based superalloys with design freedom across multiple length scales. Several phenomena such as feedstock/energy source/melt pool interactions, solidification and phase transformations occur during fusion-based AM processes of Nickel-based superalloys, which determine the ultimate microstructure and mechanical performance

The demand for virgin polymers is constantly increasing owing to the desired performance and low recycling rates of polymers; however, this exacerbates significant plastic-industry-related issues such as greenhouse emissions and waste generation. Plastic production is primarily responsible for the high carbon footprint of plastics (96% of the entire carbon footprint). Therefore, the construction of

Wear and friction are two unavoidable failures in mechanical systems with moving components. Hence, the invention of new materials to curtail material losses and frictional energy remains a formidable obstacle in modern times. High entropy alloys (HEAs) introduce a revolutionary alloy design concept focused on several primary elements and vast compositional space. They offer considerable promise for

Ferroelectrics have a spontaneous electrical polarization that is arranged into domains and can be reversed by an externally-applied field. This high versatility makes them useful in enabling components such as capacitors, sensors, and actuators. Key parameters to tune their dielectric, piezoelectric, and electromechanical performance are the domain structure and the dynamic of the domain walls. In

The goal of this work is to report a systematic and balanced review of the progress made in recent years on the high-pressure behavior of iodates, a group of materials with multiple technological applications and peculiar behaviors under external compression. This review article presents results obtained from multiple characterization techniques which include: X-ray diffraction, Raman and infrared

Synergistic integration between carbon matrix and 2D MXene brings up great creativity towards more opportunity of versatile serving scenario for MXene-based hybrid materials, especially in realms like electrochemical energy storage, photo-/electrocatalysis water splitting, electromagnetic waves adsorption, sensing and so on. Multidimensional carbonaceous matrix, from zero-dimension (0D) to larger scales

Additive manufacturing facilitates producing of complex parts due to its design freedom in a wide range of applications. Despite considerable advancements in additive manufacturing techniques, 3D-printed parts are still suffering from durability, repeatability, and reliability. One main reason, which increases the complexity of the problem and causes defects during manufacturing, is the high number

The peeling apart of layered materials is common in nature and has been used by humans in myriad applications since prehistoric times. Over the past century, a wide range of peel tests has been proposed, standardized, and used to characterize important properties of materials, adhesives, and interfaces. Understanding the relative merits and limitations of these tests, and meaningful ways to analyze

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are a family of novel multi-principal alloys containing >4 principal elements in equimolar ratios or nearly-equimolar ratios. The unique multiple-principal components bring in the high configurational entropy or mixing entropy, and some unique microstructures of HEAs. Consequently, many impressive properties of HEAs, including outstanding dynamical mechanical performance

Raman spectroscopy is now an extremely important technique for the analysis of carbon-based materials. It is demonstrated how it can be used to give a unique insight into characterising many aspects of the microstructure of these materials, including orientation, number of layers, defects and doping, enabling standardisation and quality control. Graphene, as the building block of all sp2 carbon materials

Polymer-based responsive structural color materials are polymers with ordered microstructures that can change colors. They offer unique advantages and present a novel solution for many industries. Despite the presence of classic review papers on responsive photonic materials, a comprehensive review of polymer-based responsive structural color materials, including fundamental research and applications

Ductile rupture in metals is a phenomenon that affects a wide range of applications from forming of automotive body panels to failure of pressure vessels. The incipient stage involves the formation of nanoscale internal voids, a critical transition state that is difficult to predict. Early experiments on ductile rupture led to several conflicting or competing models that describe the nucleation phase

Since the invention and further development of lasers in the 1960s, photonics has grown into a field that permeates virtually every aspect of modern life. As photonics deals with the generation, transmission, modulation, amplification, conversion, and detection of light, glasses have played crucial and central roles in a multitude of applications given glasses’ diverse range of compositions, properties

Severe injuries and diseases of bone tissue caused by congenital disorder, extrinsic trauma, infection, and osteosarcoma resection face significant challenges for complete recovery. The current treatment options with therapeutic molecules (e.g., drugs, proteins, genetic molecules) often involve vector-borne infection, restrictive availability, donor deficiency, and immune rejection, whereas the materials-based

Solar water splitting by means of photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells offers the promise to produce cost-effective renewable and clean fuel from abundant sunlight and water. Lately, the realization of promise of concurrent hydrogen (H2) production along with alternate oxidation reaction (which is less energetically demanding than the water oxidation reaction) has also become a subject of intense global

The current packaging materials market is dominated by petrochemical-derived, single-use, and inexpensive plastics that are incredibly stable in the environment. After their sole use, only a small fraction is recycled, with the remaining ending up in landfills, incineration facilities, or littered in the environment threatening the health of our environment. Nature-derived, compostable, and biodegradable

Recently, the demand for high-efficiency electrocatalysts for advanced energy conversion systems has increased dramatically. One-dimensional fiber materials are promising advanced electrode materials due to their excellent mechanical strength, large surface area, high electrical conductivity, compositional/morphological tunability, and structural stability. Recently, tremendous research interest has

Abstract not available

Alloy 718 is a Ni-Fe-based superalloy, which has been successfully adapted to powder bed fusion (PBF) additive manufacturing because of the alloy’s adaptability with such emerging technology in achieving enhanced mechanical properties. Despite a promising perspective for PBF-built Alloy 718 in different industries, a few factors, including microstructural non-uniformities, volumetric defects, undesired

Polymeric carbon nitrides (CN) as star semiconductive materials have attracted increasing attention owing to its numerous superior features, such as facile synthesis, non-toxicity, earth-abundant, high physicochemical stability, and all of these endow its great potentials from photocatalysis to environmental remediation, sensing, biomedicine, and other emerging fields. The facile synthesis and polymeric

Thermally conductive polymer nanocomposites are enticing candidates for not only thermal managements in electronics but also functional components in emerging thermal energy storage and conversion systems and intelligent devices. A high thermal conductivity (k) depends largely on the ordered assembly of high-k fillers in the composites. In the past decades, various templating assembly techniques have

Oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloys are characterized by nanoscale oxide particles homogeneously dispersed in a metallic matrix. They have been developed driven by technological applications such as gas turbines that require increased material strength and creep properties at elevated temperatures, as well as increased resistance to high-energy neutron atmospheres as needed in modern nuclear

The increasing need for joint replacement surgeries, musculoskeletal repairs, and orthodontics worldwide prompts emerging technologies to evolve with healthcare's changing landscape. Metallic orthopaedic materials have a shared application history with the aerospace industry, making them partly efficient in the biomedical domain. However, metallic materials' suitability in hard tissue replacements

Bi-based layered material shows its great potential in constructing ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) structure, which has been demonstrated to be an effective strategy to improve the photocatalytic performance of various semiconductors. The ultrathin 2D configuration endows Bi-based photocatalyst with many inherent advantages, including large specific surface area, short charge migration distance, increased

The ion-intercalation-based rechargeable batteries are emerging as the most efficient energy storage technology for electronic vehicles, grids, and portable devices. These devices require rechargeable batteries with higher energy–density than commercial Li-ion batteries, which are intrinsically limited by specific capacities and electrochemical potentials of transition-metal (M) electrode materials

Two-dimensional tungsten diselenide (WSe2) has received intense interest as a multifunctional semiconducting material for its distinctive electronic structure, outstanding photonic and catalytic properties. In particular, the dark exciton emission of WSe2, which is enhanced with increasing temperature, makes it extremely promising for room-temperature optoelectronic devices with bright emissions. By

Electrochemical energy storage and conversion play an important role in the sustainable development of an environmentally friendly society, but the performances of electrochemical devices, especially reaction kinetics, are limited by conventional physical and chemical material preparation technologies. Pulsed laser is a promising tool for tackling this problem, because it enables three-dimensional

Metal additive manufacturing (AM) refers to any process of making 3D metal parts layer-upon-layer via the interaction between a heating source and feeding material from a digital design model. The rapid heating and cooling attributes inherent to such an AM process result in heterogeneous microstructures and the accumulation of internal stresses. Post-processing heat treatment is often needed to modify

Dielectric capacitors offer high-power density and ultrafast discharging times as compared to electrochemical capacitors and batteries, making them potential candidates for pulsed power technologies (PPT). However, low energy density in different dielectric materials such as linear dielectrics (LDs), ferroelectrics (FEs), and anti-ferroelectric (AFEs) owing to their low polarization, large hysteresis