Shellfish allergy is an important cause of food allergy, and tropomyosin (TM) is the major allergen within shellfish. Probiotics are safe bacteria that benefit host health and nutrition and have been proposed as a novel approach for treating immunological diseases including food allergies.

There is an increased interest in developing biomarkers of food intake to address some of the limitations associated with self‐reported data. The objective was to identify biomarkers of apple intake, examine dose‐response relationships and agreement with self‐reported data.

Maca (Lepidium meyenii), a well‐known plant from the Andean highlands of Peru, has been used widely as a nutritional supplement to increase sexual function and fecundity. However, the identity of its active ingredients and how they function remain unknown.

The aim of this study was to investigate acute postprandial responses to intake of meals typical for Mediterranean and Western diets.

The majority of ingested flavanols reach the colon where they are catabolised by the microbiota to form derivatives of hydroxyphenyl‐γ‐valerolactones (HGVLs). It is not known if the HGVLs are catabolic products of monomeric catechins, oligomeric procyanidins (PC), or both. Using data from a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, crossover trial we estimated the relative contributions of catechins

The innate immune system responds in a rapid and non‐specific manner against immunologic threats; inflammation is part of this response. This is followed by a slower but targeted and specific response termed the adaptive or acquired immune response. There is emerging evidence that dietary components, including yeast‐derived β‐glucans, can aid host defense against pathogens by modulating inflammatory

The full consensus on the role of dietary polyphenols as human health‐promoting compounds remains elusive. The two‐way interaction between polyphenols and gut microbiota (GM) (i.e., modulation of GM by polyphenols and their catabolism by the GM) is determinant in polyphenols’ effects. The identification of human metabotypes associated with a differential gut microbial metabolism of polyphenols has

Scope: Postprandial dysmetabolism plays a major role in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders such as obesity and the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We aimed to characterize the circulating lipoprotein particle profiles in response to oral glucose, lipid and protein challenges.

Diabetes is thought to primarily represent a disturbance of carbohydrate metabolism; however, population studies employing metabolomics have mainly identified plasma amino acids and lipids, or their products, as biomarkers. In this pilot study, we aimed to analyze a wide spectrum of sugar compounds in fasting state and during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in healthy, prediabetic and type 2

SCOPE Aspalathin, the main polyphenolic phytochemical of rooibos (Aspalathus linearis), has been attributed with health promoting properties, including a glucose lowering effect that can prove interesting for application as nutraceutical or therapeutic in (pre-)diabetics. Preservation of β cell mass in the pancreas is considered a key issue for diabetes prevention or treatment, therefore the aim is

SCOPE Marine-derived n-3 PUFAs may ameliorate inflammation associated with inflammatory bowel diseases. Plant-derived n-3 PUFAs are thought to be inferior owing to shorter chain lengths. The aim of this study is to compare the impact of plant- and fish-derived PUFAs on murine colitis. METHODS AND RESULTS C57BL/6 mice are fed high fat (36% kcal) diets with either 2.5% w/w sunflower oil (SO), flaxseed

SCOPE This review represents a focus on the structure and properties of the common nutritional disaccharides (lactose, maltose and sucrose) in health and disease. The aim is to provide a comprehensive reference source related to the role of disaccharides in human nutrition. METHODS AND RESULTS Key reference sources were searched including Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, Wiley Online etc. and

SCOPE Egg ovotransferrin (OVT) is considered a functional food ingredient for its various bioactivities. The objective of this work is to explore the potential biological activity of OVT on the gut health. METHODS AND RESULTS Both young (3 week old) and adult (8 week old) mouse models are utilized in this research. Each group receives a standard diet containing either OVT (experimental group) or distilled

SCOPE Recent studies have demonstrated that trans-3, 5, 4'-Trimethoxystilbene (TMS), a novel derivative of resveratrol, may suppress the foam cells formation and restrain atherosclerosis in vitro and in vivo. Herein, the molecular mechanisms underlying the protective effects of TMS against atherosclerosis are further delineated. METHODS AND RESULTS In the present study, the cholesterol-lowering effects

SCOPE The objective of this study is to determine the cardiovascular effects of the probiotics Bifidobacterium breve CECT7263 (BFM) and Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 (LC40), and the short chain fatty acids butyrate, and acetate in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). METHODS AND RESULTS Ten five-week old Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) and fifty aged-matched SHR are randomly distributed into six groups:

SCOPE Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), an active polyphenol in green tea, exhibits various physiological effects, including activation of low-density lipoprotein receptors (LDLR). The previous studies have suggested that EGCG activates LDLR via extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway in HepG2 cells. However, the detailed molecular mechanism remains unclear. Recently, 67 kDa laminin receptor

SCOPE Circulating dendritic cell (DC) and monocyte subsets contribute to the pool of intestinal DC and macrophages in celiac disease (CeD), an autoimmune gut disorder triggered by dietary gluten. Here, this study aims to characterize these circulating subsets in CeD and assess the effect of different gliadin-derived peptides on conventional DC (cDC). METHODS AND RESULTS Flow cytometry profiling of

SCOPE The study aims to assess the role of factors assumed to be involved in the transfer of carotenoids from plant matrices to dietary emulsions in the upper digestive tract. METHODS AND RESULTS Transfer is first measured as a function of time of pure β-carotene (βC), lutein (LUT), and lycopene (LYC) to triglyceride (TG) droplets dispersed in water. Then the transfer to TG droplets stabilized with

SCOPE Loss of functional β-cell mass is central for the deterioration of glycemic control in diabetes. The incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) plays a critical role in maintaining glycemic homeostasis via potentiating glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and promoting β-cell mass. Agents that can directly promote GLP-1 secretion, thereby increasing insulin secretion and preserving β-cell

SCOPE Glucose homeostasis and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hepatomegaly in severe lipoatrophic mice and their modulation by intake of a diet rich in omega 3 (n-3) fatty acids (HFO) are evaluated. METHODS AND RESULTS Severe lipoatrophic mice induced by PPAR-γ deletion exclusively in adipocytes (A-PPARγ KO) and littermate controls (A-PPARγ WT) are evaluated for glucose

SCOPE Data on resveratrol-(trans-3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene)-induced caloric-restriction-(CR)-mimicking effects in mice receiving a high-fat diet (HFD) are contradictory. It is hypothesized that this can possibly stem from different bioactivities of resveratrol (RSV) microbial metabolites. METHODS AND RESULTS C57BL/6Rj mice are fed an ad-libitum HFD supplemented with RSV or its metabolites, dihydroresveratrol