This work aims to predict solvent degradation rates in absorption-based CO2 capture processes using a 30 wt% aqueous monoethanolamine (MEA) solvent. A degradation model for MEA is developed and used to predict solvent degradation in full-scale capture processes. Mass transfer resistances and the solubility of O2 are considered to obtain a generalized and consistent degradation model. Degradation is

Data-driven soft sensors have been widely used to facilitate real-time estimations of difficult-to-measure variables. However, sufficient high-quality data are often difficult to obtain due to high cost or low sampling rate. Thus, a soft sensor method based on data enhancement and selective ensemble (DESE) is proposed. First, a generative model is proposed for generating virtual labeled samples by

In thermal decomposition of methane (TDM) reactors, the injection of carbon particles and their distribution have significant influence on field distributions, thereby impacting the yield and wall deposition rate. It is computationally intensive to analyze such influences numerically by repetitively solving the mechanism model. Therefore, we developed a multi-field network (DMN) to predict the physical

A mesoscale model based on the lattice gas cellular automata (LGCA) is proposed for heterogeneous reaction in porous media. This model features an entirely discretized reaction system, including discrete space, time, gas phases, and solid particle. To describe gas diffusion at solid nodes and gas–solid heterogeneous reaction on the phase boundary, two local probabilities are proposed, which are verified

Accurately simulating, upscaling, and optimizing the warm solvent injection process (WSI) is challenging due to its complex heat and mass transfer mechanisms. This manuscript presents a comprehensive two-step flow-based upscaling workflow designed explicitly for WSI simulation in heterogeneous reservoirs. The technique builds upon previous research on particle transport in single-phase flow and extends

This study demonstrates the use of a receiving antenna within a material to transmit microwave energy resulting in dielectric heating and ignition in a direct writing process. The wire antennas themselves do not heat, but rather the induced electric field results in dielectric heating of the sample, and with sufficient electric field strength, triggers ignition. With different length of embedded receiving

In this work, five population balance models are applied to the simulation of isothermal bubbly flows, and the results are compared with experimental measurements of pipe flows. The models cover a wide range of different modeling approaches and include several of the most frequently used models for bubbly flow. We find that in the investigated cases, the sectional approach, despite being significantly

Magnetic density separation (MDS) is a technique for separating granular materials based on mass density. MDS uses magnetically responsive fluids and engineered magnetic fields to create a vertical gradient of apparent mass density inside the fluid. We present a numerical study to investigate the effect of honeycomb wake turbulence on the motion of almost neutrally buoyant spherical particles in a

CO2 sequestration in concrete is crucial to relieve the environmental burden, while the carbonation mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we explored the carbonation dynamics of alite hydrates through electron microscopy. We discovered that calcite is the main phase of carbonate crystals throughout the entire carbonation period in alite system. The shape evolution of calcite crystals was captured: our observations

Nitrogenous pollutants have caused serious environmental pollution, which endangers human life and ecological environment. The electrochemical nitrogenous pollutants reduction to ammonia driven by clean electric energy has been considered as an ideal technology for the recovery and utilization of nitrogenous pollutants. Unfortunately, the electrochemical reduction of nitrogenous pollutants has long

Tuning metal–support interface in supported Ni catalysts is a promising approach for overcoming the agglomeration of Ni particles and the low reducibility of Ni species. This study describes a facile two-step method to produce active Ni catalysts for the hydrogenation of monobenzyltoluene. In the first step, alkyltriethoxysilanes (CnTES, n = 1, 3, and 8) were grafted onto the surface of commercial

By using a particle-resolved direct numerical simulation, the impact of Stefan flow on interphase heat transfer in flow past static random particle arrays is investigated. The findings demonstrate that the temperature boundary layer of particles is thickened/thinned by the outward/inward Stefan flow and therefore hinders/improves the contact between main gas flow and particles. With the impact of positive

There is a long-standing lack of monitoring of Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment. Imaging-guided dynamic monitoring of neurological disease treatment can provide a basis for sustained treatment, reflecting the outcomes of treatment and guiding the adjustment of therapy strategies. Here, by ingeniously using a second near-infrared (NIR-II) laser twice in tandem, we designed an AD theranostic nanoplatform

Methanol oxidation catalysts are mainly based on Pt/Pd-based alloys, and various complex strategies are often employed to improve their activity. It is a common practice to clean the contaminants adsorbed on the surface of noble-metal-based catalysts by multiple cyclic voltammetry (MCV) prior to activity test. In this study, we find that this common practice can enhance the activity of noble-metal-based

CO2 methanation via the Sabatier reaction with (green) H2 is promising due to its role in achieving a carbon–neutral energy balance in the context of Power-to-Gas technologies. Since Ni-based catalysts are relatively inexpensive compared to other metals and exhibit high catalytic activity, they are most commonly used. Due to the exothermic nature of the reaction, strong temperature and concentration

PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs), a developing therapeutic tool designed to dictate target proteins for proteolysis through hijacking the ubiquitin–proteasome system, show potential for cancer therapy. However, unfavorable solubility and poor permeability of traditional PROTACs lead to low bioavailability and insufficient tumor distribution, which limit their clinical applications. Herein,

Biosensors are rapid and portable detection devices with great potential for the instant screening of infectious diseases. Receptors are the critical element of biosensors. They determine the specificity, sensitivity and stability. However, current receptors are mainly limited to antibodies and aptamers. Herein, we developed a glycosylated extracellular vesicle-like receptor (GlycoEVLR) for the rapid

Polymer-hexagonal boron nitride (BN) composite has become an ideal thermal interface material (TIM) for electronic devices because of its high thermal conductivity and superior electronic insulation. However, owing to the 2D shape and chemical inertness of BN filler, the vertical alignment of BN and the huge thermal resistance are current challenges, which hinder the efficient heat transfer of polymer/BN

Carbon aerogel (CA) has been generally regarded as a potential electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorber, but unsatisfactory microwave absorption, mechanical and anti-oxidation properties are still the primary challenges for its application. Herein, a novel C/SiOC composite aerogel (CSA) was successfully synthesized by a simple copolymerization of dual sols, ambient pressure drying and thermal treatment

The hydrolysis and condensation kinetic parameters of mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane (MPTMS, HS(CH2)3Si(OCH3)3) have rarely been quantitatively studied due to the fast reaction rate with the presence of catalysts. In this work, we employed the in-situ Raman spectroscopy to monitor the hydrolysis and condensation reactions of MPTMS in real time. First, with CH3OH as the solvent and NH4OH as the catalyst

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is considered to be one of the most promising technologies to deionize water with low/medium concentration. Great attention has been paid to improve its performance by optimizing electrode architectures and operation conditions. However, no guidelines are built for developing such strategies due to the nonlinear impact of the parameters concerning electrodes and operations

High energy consumption during the carbon dioxide (CO2) desorption process in amine-based CO2 capture technology is a crucial hindrance to achieving carbon neutrality. HZSM-5 is one of the most widely reported solid acid catalysts used in primary amine regeneration. This work compared a series of HZSM-5 zeolites with different Si/Al ratios in terms of CO2 desorption performance. To further enhance

Ammonia (NH3) is an essential chemical in agriculture and industry, which plays a crucial role in human life and sustainable development. To date, ammonia production mainly relies on the energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process, resulting in significant energy consumption and CO2 emissions. Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) that can produce NH3 under ambient conditions is considered as

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the leading causes of chronic disability in the elderly. Effective clinical interventions for OA are still lacking, and new therapeutic measures are urgently needed. The emerging near-infrared light (NIR) sensitive nanozymes are attractive for their great potential and appeal in treating OA by repairing mitochondrial function and improving impaired autophagic flux. In

Respiration, as a basic human physiological process, can be used as a vital indicator for early disease diagnosis. Moreover, the prevention of respiratory diseases caused by particulate matter and bacteria is of great importance. Herein, a smart face mask with self-powered real-time respiratory monitoring, efficient filtration and excellent antibacterial activity was fabricated by electrospinning.