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Single-stranded DNA binding to the transcription factor PafBC triggers the mycobacterial DNA damage response Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Charlotte M. Schilling, Rafal Zdanowicz, Julius Rabl, Andreas U. Müller, Daniel Boehringer, Rudi Glockshuber, Eilika Weber-Ban
The DNA damage response in mycobacteria is controlled by the heterodimeric transcription factor PafBC, a member of the WYL domain–containing protein family. It has been shown that PafBC induces transcription of its regulon by reprogramming the housekeeping RNA polymerase holoenzyme to recognize PafBC-dependent promoters through sigma adaptation. However, the mechanism by which DNA damage is sensed
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Evolution of entanglement entropy at SU( N ) deconfined quantum critical points Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Menghan Song, Jiarui Zhao, Meng Cheng, Cenke Xu, Michael Scherer, Lukas Janssen, Zi Yang Meng
Over past two decades, the enigma of the deconfined quantum critical point (DQCP) has attracted broad attention across physics communities, as it offers a new paradigm beyond the Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson framework. However, the nature of DQCP has been controversial based on conflicting numeric results. In our work, we demonstrate that an anomalous logarithmic behavior in the entanglement entropy (EE)
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Pioneer factor GATA6 promotes colorectal cancer through 3D genome regulation Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Huijue Lyu, Xintong Chen, Yang Cheng, Te Zhang, Ping Wang, Josiah Hiu-yuen Wong, Juan Wang, Lena Stasiak, Leyu Sun, Guangyu Yang, Lu Wang, Feng Yue
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most lethal and prevalent malignancies. While the overexpression of pioneer factor GATA6 in CRC has been linked with metastasis, its role in genome-wide gene expression dysregulation remains unclear. Through studies of primary human CRC tissues and analysis of the TCGA data, we found that GATA6 preferentially binds at CRC-specific active enhancers, with enrichment
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CyanoTag: Discovery of protein function facilitated by high-throughput endogenous tagging in a photosynthetic prokaryote Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Abigail J. Perrin, Matthew Dowson, Katharine Davis, Onyou Nam, Adam A. Dowle, Grant Calder, Victoria J. Springthorpe, Guoyan Zhao, Luke C. M. Mackinder
Despite their importance to aquatic ecosystems, global carbon cycling, and sustainable bioindustries, the genomes of photosynthetic bacteria contain large numbers of uncharacterized genes. Here, we develop high-throughput endogenous fluorescent protein tagging in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942. From 400 targets, we successfully tag over 330 proteins corresponding to >10% of the
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Imp/IGF2BP and Syp/SYNCRIP temporal RNA interactomes uncover combinatorial networks of regulators of Drosophila brain development Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Jeffrey Y. Lee, Niles Huang, Tamsin J. Samuels, Ilan Davis
Temporal patterning of neural progenitors is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism generating neural diversity. In Drosophila , postembryonic neurogenesis requires the RNA binding proteins (RBPs) Imp/IGF2BP and Syp/SYNCRIP. However, how they coachieve their function is not well understood. Here, we elucidate the in vivo temporal RNA interactome landscapes of Imp and Syp during larval brain development
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Real-space imaging of confined infrared surface plasmon polaritons on doped semiconductors covered with phase-change materials Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Lukas Conrads, Luis Schüler, Konstantin G. Wirth, Angela Cleri, Andreas Heßler, Lena Jung, Matthias Wuttig, Dmitry Chigrin, Jon-Paul Maria, Thomas Taubner
Surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) describe the excitation of photons coupled with free charge carriers at the interface of metals (visible) or doped semiconductors (infrared). While SPPs in the mid-infrared spectral range have been demonstrated in 2D materials such as graphene, their short propagation length combined with weak confinement in bulk materials has prevented real-space imaging of those
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Cation effects on CO 2 reduction catalyzed by single-crystal and polycrystalline gold under well-defined mass transport conditions Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Zhihao Cui, Andrew Jark-Wah Wong, Michael J. Janik, Anne C. Co
The presence of alkali metal cations in the electrolyte substantially affects the reactivity and selectivity of electrochemical carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) reduction (CO 2 R). This study examines the role of cations in CO 2 R on single-crystal and polycrystalline Au under controlled mass-transport conditions. It establishes that CO 2 adsorption is the rate-determining step regardless of cation type or surface
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Uncoupling of Akt and mTOR signaling drives resistance to Akt inhibition in PTEN loss prostate cancers Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Ninghui Mao, Young Sun Lee, Nazifa Salsabeel, Zeda Zhang, Dan Li, Harmanpreet Kaur, Xiaoping Chen, Qing Chang, Sanjay Mehta, Jesse Barnes, Elisa de Stanchina, Ralph Garippa, Yu Chen, Charles Sawyers, Brett S. Carver
Recent phase 3 clinical trial showed improved radiographic progression-free survival in PTEN-deficient prostate cancers treated with combined Akt and AR inhibition. Building on this and our previous research into PI3K and AR signaling interactions, we aimed to define the mechanisms of response and resistance to Akt inhibition. We discovered that restoration of mTOR signaling was the early dominant
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Biodegradable origami enables closed-loop sustainable robotic systems Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Pingdong Wei, Zhuang Zhang, Shaoru Cheng, Yao Meng, Mengjie Tong, Luoqian Emu, Wei Yan, Yanlin Zhang, Yunjie Wang, Jingyang Zhao, Changyu Xu, Feng Zhai, Junqiang Lu, Lei Wang, Hanqing Jiang
Robots are increasingly integral across various sectors due to their efficiency and superior capabilities, which enable performance beyond human potential. However, the development of robotic systems often conflicts with the sustainable development goals set by the United Nations, as they generate considerable nondegradable waste and organic/inorganic pollutants throughout their life cycle. In this
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A SARS-CoV-2 vaccine on an NIR-II/SWIR emitting nanoparticle platform Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Yingying Jiang, Mrinmoy Sanyal, Noor A. Hussein, Ani Baghdasaryan, Mengzhen Zhang, Feifei Wang, Fuqiang Ren, Jiachen Li, Guanzhou Zhu, Yifan Meng, Julia Zofia Adamska, Elizabeth Mellins, Hongjie Dai
The COVID-19 pandemic caused a global health crisis that resulted in millions of deaths. Effective vaccines have played central roles in curtailing the pandemic. Here, we developed a down-converting near-infrared IIb (NIR-IIb; 1500 to 1700 nanometers) luminescent, pure NaErF 4 @NaYF 4 rare-earth nanoparticle (pEr) as vaccine carriers. The pEr nanoparticles were coated with three layers of cross-linked
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Instant variable stiffness in cardiovascular catheters based on fiber jamming Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Yi Sun, Yegor Piskarev, Etienne H. Hofstetter, Cedric Fischer, Quentin Boehler, Zdeněk Stárek, Bradley J. Nelson, Dario Floreano
Variable stiffness (VS) has revolutionized miniature surgical instruments, including cardiovascular catheters for minimally invasive surgeries (MISs), enabling advanced capabilities in stiffness modulation and multi-curvature bending. However, existing VS catheters with phase-changing materials are slow in softening and stiffening rates (≈90 s), which can lead to substantial increase in surgery duration
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187 Os nuclear resonance scattering to explore hyperfine interactions and lattice dynamics for biological applications Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Iryna Stepanenko, Zhishuo Huang, Liviu Ungur, Dimitrios Bessas, Aleksandr Chumakov, Ilya Sergueev, Gabriel E. Büchel, Abdullah A. Al-Kahtani, Liviu F. Chibotaru, Joshua Telser, Vladimir B. Arion
Osmium complexes with osmium in different oxidation states (II, III, IV, and VI) have been reported to exhibit antiproliferative activity in cancer cell lines. Herein, we demonstrate unexplored opportunities offered by 187 Os nuclear forward scattering (NFS) and nuclear inelastic scattering (NIS) of synchrotron radiation for characterization of hyperfine interactions and lattice dynamics in a benchmark
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Direct carbonyl reductive functionalizations by diphenylphosphine oxide Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Feng Liu, Jianyu Dong, Ruofei Cheng, Shuang-Feng Yin, Lang Chen, Lebin Su, Renhua Qiu, Yongbo Zhou, Li-Biao Han, Chao-Jun Li
Reductive functionalization of aldehydes and ketones is one of the most challenging but ultimately rewarding areas in synthetic chemistry and related sciences. We report a simple and extremely versatile carbonyl reductive functionalization strategy achieving direct, highly selective, and efficient reductive amination, etherification, esterification, and phosphinylation reactions of (hetero)aryl aldehydes
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Centrioles generate two scaffolds with distinct biophysical properties to build mitotic centrosomes Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Siu-Shing Wong, Joao M. Monteiro, Chia-Chun Chang, Min Peng, Nada Mohamad, Thomas L. Steinacker, Bocheng Xiao, Saroj Saurya, Alan Wainman, Jordan W. Raff
Mitotic centrosomes assemble when centrioles recruit large amounts of pericentriolar material (PCM) around themselves. The PCM comprises hundreds of proteins, and there is much debate about its physical nature. Here, we show that Drosophila Spd-2 (human CEP192) fluxes out from centrioles, recruiting Polo and Aurora A kinases to catalyze the assembly of two distinct mitotic-PCM scaffolds: a Polo-dependent
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A soft multimodal optoelectronic array interface for multiparametric mapping of heart function in vivo Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Nathaniel T. Quirion, Micah Madrid, Jialin Chang, Amy Fehr, Eric Rytkin, Nora Shields, Bridget Burke, Amarachi Elekeokwuri, Igor R. Efimov, Luyao Lu
Multiparametric investigation of cardiac physiology is crucial for the diagnosis and therapy of heart disease. However, no method exists to simultaneously map multiple parameters that govern cardiac (patho)physiology from beating hearts in vivo. Here, we present a cardiac sensing platform that addresses this challenge, functioning with a wireless interface. Advanced fabrication and assembling strategies
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Broad active metabolic pathways, autophagy, and antagonistic hormones regulate dinoflagellate cyst dormancy in marine sediments Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Yunyan Deng, Caixia Yue, Huijiao Yang, Fengting Li, Zhangxi Hu, Lixia Shang, Zhaoyang Chai, Senjie Lin, Ying Zhong Tang
This work aimed to reveal the molecular machinery regulating the dormancy of dinoflagellate resting cysts buried in marine sediments. Dinoflagellates play pivotal roles in marine ecosystems, particularly as major contributors of harmful algal blooms. Despite vital roles of cysts in blooming cycles and dinoflagellate ecology, the molecular processes controlling cyst dormancy have largely remained unexplored
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A material dynamically enhancing both load-bearing and energy dissipation capability under cyclic loading Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Bohan Sun, Grant Kitchen, Dongjing He, Deep K. Malu, Jitao Ding, Yiji Huang, Adebayo Eisape, Mostafa M. Omar, Yuhang Hu, Sung Hoon Kang
Material properties gradually degrade under cyclic loading, leading to catastrophic failure. It results in large costs for inspection, maintenance, and downtime. Besides, materials require combinations of performance such as load bearing and energy dissipation. However, improving one performance of a material often sacrifices another performance, making it difficult to create materials with optimal
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Asgard archaea reveal the conserved principles of ESCRT-III membrane remodeling Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Diorge P. Souza, Javier Espadas, Sami Chaaban, Edmund R. R. Moody, Tomoyuki Hatano, Mohan Balasubramanian, Tom A. Williams, Aurélien Roux, Buzz Baum
ESCRT-III proteins assemble into composite polymers that undergo stepwise changes in composition and structure to deform membranes across the tree of life. Here, using a phylogenetic analysis, we demonstrate that the two endosomal sorting complex required for transport III (ESCRT-III) proteins present in eukaryote’s closest Asgard archaeal relatives are evolutionarily related to the B- and A-type eukaryotic
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Inflammatory responses to acute carbon monoxide poisoning and the role of plasma gelsolin Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Awadhesh K. Arya, Kinjal Sethuraman, Jaylyn Waddell, Yong Sung Cha, Yuanyuan Liang, Veena M. Bhopale, Abid R. Bhat, Zuha Imtiyaz, Alik Dakessian, Yoonsuk Lee, Stephen R. Thom
The mechanism for neurological deficits from carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is unclear. In a series of 150 patients with CO poisoning, we found marked elevations of blood-borne inflammatory filamentous (F-) actin–coated microparticles (MPs), neutrophil activation, and a 90% reduction in the normal level of plasma gelsolin (pGSN), a protein capable of lysing F-actin–coated MPs. This led to studies in
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MAIT cell homing in intestinal homeostasis and inflammation Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Zhengyu Wu, Xingchi Chen, Fei Han, Edwin Leeansyah
Mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a large population of unconventional T cells widely distributed in the human gastrointestinal tract. Their homing to the gut is central to maintaining mucosal homeostasis and immunity. This review discusses the potential mechanisms that guide MAIT cells to the intestinal mucosa during homeostasis and inflammation, emphasizing the roles of chemokines, chemokine
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Direct observations of cross-scale wave-particle energy transfer in space plasmas Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Jing-Huan Li, Xu-Zhi Zhou, Zhi-Yang Liu, Shan Wang, Yoshiharu Omura, Li Li, Chao Yue, Qiu-Gang Zong, Guan Le, Christopher T. Russell, James L. Burch
The collisionless plasmas in space and astrophysical environments are intrinsically multiscale in nature, behaving as conducting fluids at macroscales and kinetically at microscales comparable to ion and/or electron gyroradii. A fundamental question in understanding the plasma dynamics is how energy is transported and dissipated across scales. Here, we present spacecraft measurements in the terrestrial
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Supply-side relief for the world's largest coral reef. Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Robert Steneck,Jeremy Jackson
Zoning to prevent fishing on 30% of the Great Barrier Reef yields 50% more larvae and biomass of coral grouper on fished reefs.
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Emergent complexity of quantum rotation tunneling Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Yilin Guo, Chen Yang, Xinmiao Xie, Yanwei Li, Kendall N. Houk, Xuefeng Guo
Conformational isomerism determines the performance of materials and the activity of biomolecules. However, a complete dynamic study of conformational isomerization is still a formidable challenge at the single-molecule level. In this work, we present real-time in situ electrical monitoring of the full rotation dynamics of a single aromatic chain covalently embedded in graphene electrodes with single-event
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Dynamics of influenza transmission in vampire bats revealed by longitudinal monitoring and a large-scale anthropogenic perturbation Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Megan E. Griffiths, Alice Broos, Juan Morales, I-Ting Tu, Laura Bergner, Abdelkader Behdenna, William Valderrama Bazan, Carlos Tello, Jorge E. Carrera, Sergio Recuenco, Daniel G. Streicker, Mafalda Viana
Interrupting pathogen transmission between species is a priority strategy to mitigate zoonotic threats. However, avoiding counterproductive interventions requires knowing animal reservoirs of infection and the dynamics of transmission within them, neither of which are easily ascertained from the cross-sectional surveys that now dominate investigations into newly discovered viruses. We used biobanked
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Titan’s spin state as a constraint on tidal dissipation Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Brynna G. Downey, Francis Nimmo
Tidal dissipation in satellites affects their orbital and rotational evolution and their ability to maintain subsurface oceans. However, a satellite’s dissipation rate, parameterized by k 2 /Q , is hard to measure and is only known for the Moon and Io. Here, we use Titan’s measured departure from its expected rotation state to infer k 2 /Q and its boundary layer dissipation parameter K/C s . Over the
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Electric plasma guided with ultrasonic fields Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Josu Irisarri, Iñigo Ezcurdia, Naroa Iriarte, Marika Sirkka, Dmitry Nikolaev, Joni Mäkinen, Alexander Martinez-Marchese, Denys Iablonskyi, Ari Salmi, Asier Marzo
Electric plasma forms sparks in midair that transfer electrical current. This current can power high-voltage electronics, kill bacteria, produce tactile sensations, or be used for welding. However, the formation of the spark is chaotic and hard to control. Laser pulses can guide discharges but require high power and are disruptive and cumbersome to control. Here, we show that ultrasonic fields can
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Quantum control of ion-atom collisions beyond the ultracold regime Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Maks Z. Walewski, Matthew D. Frye, Or Katz, Meirav Pinkas, Roee Ozeri, Michał Tomza
Tunable scattering resonances are crucial for controlling atomic and molecular systems. However, their use has so far been limited to ultracold temperatures. These conditions remain hard to achieve for most hybrid trapped ion-atom systems—a prospective platform for quantum technologies and fundamental research. Here, we measure inelastic collision probabilities for Sr + + Rb and use them to calibrate
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Electronic commensuration of a spin moiré superlattice in a layered magnetic semimetal Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Takashi Kurumaji, Nisarga Paul, Shiang Fang, Paul M. Neves, Mingu Kang, Jonathan S. White, Taro Nakajima, David Graf, Linda Ye, Mun K. Chan, Takehito Suzuki, Jonathan Denlinger, Chris Jozwiak, Aaron Bostwick, Eli Rotenberg, Yang Zhao, Jeffrey W. Lynn, Efthimios Kaxiras, Riccardo Comin, Liang Fu, Joseph G. Checkelsky
Spin moiré superlattices (SMSs) have been proposed as a magnetic analog of crystallographic moiré systems and a source of electron minibands offering vector-field moiré tunability and Berry curvature effects. However, it has proven challenging to realize an SMS in which a large exchange coupling J is transmitted between conduction electrons and localized spins. Furthermore, most systems have carrier
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A detailed theory of thalamic and cortical microcircuits for predictive visual inference Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Dileep George, Miguel Lázaro-Gredilla, Wolfgang Lehrach, Antoine Dedieu, Guangyao Zhou, Joseph Marino
Understanding cortical microcircuitry requires theoretical models that can tease apart their computational logic from biological details. Although Bayesian inference serves as an abstract framework of cortical computation, precisely mapping concrete instantiations of computational models to biology under real-world tasks is necessary to produce falsifiable neural models. On the basis of a recent generative
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Bio-plausible reconfigurable spiking neuron for neuromorphic computing Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Yu Xiao, Yize Liu, Bihua Zhang, Peng Chen, Huaze Zhu, Enhui He, Jiayi Zhao, Wenju Huo, Xiaofei Jin, Xumeng Zhang, Hao Jiang, De Ma, Qian Zheng, Huajin Tang, Peng Lin, Wei Kong, Gang Pan
Biological neurons use diverse temporal expressions of spikes to achieve efficient communication and modulation of neural activities. Nonetheless, existing neuromorphic computing systems mainly use simplified neuron models with limited spiking behaviors due to high cost of emulating these biological spike patterns. Here, we propose a compact reconfigurable neuron design using the intrinsic dynamics
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Self-assembling peptide with dual function of cell penetration and antibacterial as a nano weapon to combat intracellular bacteria Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Yongjie Zhu, Wanying Xu, Wenwen Chen, Bowen Li, Guoyu Li, Haoran Deng, Licong Zhang, Changxuan Shao, Anshan Shan
Intracellular bacterial infections and antimicrobial resistance are threatening global public health systems. Antimicrobial peptides are a potential solution to combat bacterial resistance, but the design of self-assembled nanopeptides with dual functions of cell penetration and antibacterial properties to combat intracellular bacteria remains a challenge. Here, we propose a strategy to develop self-assembled
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Arabidopsis KNL1 recruits type one protein phosphatase to kinetochores to silence the spindle assembly checkpoint Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Ying He, Xiaoya Tang, Hao Fu, Yihang Tang, Honghui Lin, Xingguang Deng
Proper chromosome segregation during cell division is essential for genomic integrity and organismal development. This process is monitored by the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), which delays anaphase onset until all chromosomes are properly attached to the mitotic spindle. The kinetochore protein KNL1 plays a critical role in recruiting SAC proteins. Here, we reveal that Arabidopsis KNL1 regulates
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Enrichment of moderately volatile elements in first-generation planetesimals of the inner Solar System Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Damanveer S. Grewal, Surjyendu Bhattacharjee, Bidong Zhang, Nicole X. Nie, Yoshinori Miyazaki
The depletion of moderately volatile elements (MVEs) in terrestrial planets remains poorly understood, with explanations including partial nebular condensation and MVE loss during planetesimal differentiation or collisions. In this study, we use magmatic iron meteorites to reconstruct the MVE inventory of the earliest inner [noncarbonaceous (NC)] and outer [carbonaceous (CC)] Solar System planetesimals
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Evolution in changing seas: The loss of plasticity under predator invasion and warming oceans Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 James J. Corbett, Geoffrey C. Trussell
The impact of invasive predators during the early stages of invasion is often variable in space and time. Such variation is expected to initially favor plasticity in prey defenses, but fixed defenses as invaders become established. Coincident with the range expansion of an invasive predatory crab in the Gulf of Maine, we document rapid changes in shell thickness—a key defense against shell crushing
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Noncontact microbiota transplantation by core-shell microgel-enabled nonleakage envelopment Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Feng Wu, Sisi Lin, Huilong Luo, Chuhan Wang, Jinyao Liu, Xinyuan Zhu, Yan Pang
Transplantation of beneficial bacteria to specific microbiota has been widely exploited to treat diseases by reshaping a healthy microbial structure. However, direct exposure of exogenous bacteria in vivo suffers from low bioavailability and infection risk. Here, we describe a noncontact microbiota transplantation system (NMTS) by core-shell microgel-enabled nonleakage envelopment. Bacteria are encapsulated
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Artificial intelligence using a latent diffusion model enables the generation of diverse and potent antimicrobial peptides Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Yeji Wang, Minghui Song, Fujing Liu, Zhen Liang, Rui Hong, Yuemei Dong, Huaizu Luan, Xiaojie Fu, Wenchang Yuan, Wenjie Fang, Gang Li, Hongxiang Lou, Wenqiang Chang
Artificial intelligence holds great promise for the design of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs); however, current models face limitations in generating AMPs with sufficient novelty and diversity, and they are rarely applied to the generation of antifungal peptides. Here, we develop an alternative pipeline grounded in a diffusion model and molecular dynamics for the de novo design of AMPs. The peptides
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Mortality drives production dynamics of Atlantic cod through 1100 years of commercial fishing Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Steven E. Campana, George Hambrecht, Nicole Misarti, Habiba Moshfeka, Mary Efird, Sara M. Schaal, Guðbjörg Ásta Ólafsdóttir, Ragnar Edvardsson, Árni Daníel Júlíusson, Einar Hjörleifsson, Frank J. Feeley, Grace Cesario, Lilja Björk Palsdóttir
Most edible fish species have been fished for centuries or millennia, leaving little record or understanding of their population responses prior to human impact and thus no baseline for population conservation. Here, we reconstruct the population dynamics of Atlantic cod, one of the world’s most harvested fish species, from the pristine state during the Viking era through more than 1100 years of fishing
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Trichome development of systemic developing leaves is regulated by a nutrient sensor–relay mechanism within mature leaves Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Yu-ting Wei, Qin-Xin Bao, Ya-Na Shi, Xin-Rong Mu, Yi-Bo Wang, Ji-Hong Jiang, Fu-Huan Yu, Lai-Sheng Meng
Trichome initiation and development is regulated by a diverse range of environmental signals. However, how leaf carbohydrate status determines the trichome initiation and development of systemic developing leaves remains unclear. Here, we found that a specific organ (such as a mature leaf) could function as a nutrient sensor, subsequently promoting or suppressing nonautonomous regulation of trichome
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Climatic and ecological responses to Bennu-type asteroid collisions Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Lan Dai, Axel Timmermann
There is an estimated chance of 0.037% that asteroid Bennu will collide with Earth in 2182 CE. The potential collision of such medium-sized asteroids can inject massive amounts of dust into the atmosphere, with unknown consequences for terrestrial and marine ecosystems. Here, we use the coupled high-top Community Earth System Model Version 2 with interactive chemistry to investigate how medium-sized
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Marine reserves contribute half of the larval supply to a coral reef fishery Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Michael Bode, Severine Choukroun, Michael J. Emslie, Hugo B. Harrison, Jeffrey M. Leis, Luciano B. Mason, Maya Srinivasan, David H. Williamson, Geoffrey P. Jones
Marine reserves deliver impressive increases in the abundance and size of exploited species on protected reefs, but larval dispersal makes it difficult to estimate their wider benefits. Australia’s Great Barrier Reef (GBR) contains an extensive network of marine reserves. By combining GBR-wide fish surveys, larval dispersal models, and commercial fishery catch data, we calculate the system-wide ecological
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Role of von Willebrand factor, platelets, and aberrant flow in the initiation of venous thrombosis Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Laura J. Mereweather, Daniel Harwood, Josefin Ahnström, Joseph van Batenburg-Sherwood, Isabelle I. Salles-Crawley, James T. B. Crawley
Deep vein thrombosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, because of the absence of overt blood vessel damage, how venous thrombosis is actually initiated remains unclear. Using endothelialized fluidic devices, we show that aberrant flow patterns that may occur in venous valve pockets of individuals with common stasis-related risk factors can cause the formation of von Willebrand
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A microcomb-empowered Fourier domain mode-locked LIDAR Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Zhaoyu Cai, Zihao Wang, Ziqi Wei, Baoqi Shi, Wei Sun, Changxi Yang, Junqiu Liu, Chengying Bao
Light detection and ranging (LIDAR) has emerged as an indispensable tool in autonomous technology. Among its various techniques, frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) LIDAR stands out due to its capability to operate with ultralow return power, immunity to unwanted light, and simultaneous acquisition of distance and velocity. However, achieving a rapid update rate with submicrometer precision
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The large role of declining atmospheric sulfate deposition and rising CO 2 concentrations in stimulating future wetland CH 4 emissions Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Lu Shen, Shushi Peng, Zhen Zhang, Chuan Tong, Jintai Lin, Yang Li, Huiru Zhong, Shuang Ma, Minghao Zhuang, Vincent Gauci
Existing projections of wetland methane emissions usually neglect feedbacks from global biogeochemical cycles. Using data-driven approaches, we estimate wetland methane emissions from 2000 to 2100, considering effects of meteorological changes and biogeochemical feedbacks from atmospheric sulfate deposition and CO 2 fertilization. In low-CO 2 scenarios (1.5° and 2°C warming pathways), the suppressive
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Succinylation enables IDE to act as a hub of larval tissue destruction and adult tissue reconstruction during insect metamorphosis Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Yan-Xue Li, Bin-Yan Shao, Ming-Ye Hou, Du-Juan Dong
Metamorphosis is an important way for insects to adapt to the environment. In this process, larval tissue destruction regulated by 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and adult tissue reconstruction regulated by insulin-like peptides (ILPs) occur simultaneously, but the detailed mechanism is still unclear. Here, the results of succinylome, subcellular localization, and protein interaction analysis show that non-succinylated
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Reducing microglial lipid load enhances β amyloid phagocytosis in an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Xiaoting Wu, James Alastair Miller, Bernett Teck Kwong Lee, Yulan Wang, Christiane Ruedl
Macrophages accumulate lipid droplets (LDs) under stress and inflammatory conditions. Despite the presence of LD-loaded macrophages in many tissues, including the brain, their contribution to neurodegenerative disorders remains elusive. This study investigated the role of lipid metabolism in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by assessing the contribution of LD-loaded brain macrophages, including microglia and
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Chemical genetics reveals cross-regulation of plant developmental signaling by the immune peptide-receptor pathway Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Arvid Herrmann, Krishna Mohan Sepuru, Pengfei Bai, Hitoshi Endo, Ayami Nakagawa, Shuhei Kusano, Asraa Ziadi, Hiroe Kato, Ayato Sato, Jun Liu, Libo Shan, Seisuke Kimura, Kenichiro Itami, Naoyuki Uchida, Shinya Hagihara, Keiko U. Torii
Cells sense and integrate multiple signals to coordinate a response. A receptor-kinase signaling pathway for plant stomatal development shares components with the immunity pathway. The mechanism ensuring their signal specificities remains unclear. Using chemical genetics, here, we report the identification of a small molecule, kC9, that triggers excessive stomatal differentiation by inhibiting the
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RNA polymerase II coordinates histone deacetylation at active promoters Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Jackson A. Hoffman, Kevin W. Trotter, Trevor K. Archer
Nucleosomes at promoters of active genes are marked by specific histone post-translational modifications and histone variants. These features are thought to promote the formation and maintenance of an “open” chromatin environment that is suitable for transcription. However, recent reports have drawn conflicting conclusions about whether these histone modifications depend on active transcription. To
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Language-like efficiency in whale communication Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Mason Youngblood
Vocal communication systems in humans and other animals experience selection for efficiency—optimizing the benefits they convey relative to the costs of producing them. Two hallmarks of efficiency, Menzerath’s law and Zipf’s law of abbreviation, predict that longer sequences will consist of shorter elements and more frequent elements will be shorter, respectively. Here, we assessed the evidence for
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Ab initio investigation of a hypersonic double cone experiment Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Maninder S. Grover, Paolo Valentini, Nicholas Bisek
This article presents a direct molecular simulation (DMS) of a reactive Mach 8.2 oxygen flow over a double cone geometry. The free stream conditions and article configuration generate a flow with thermal and chemical nonequilibrium, which are common attributes of hypersonic flight. This scenario was first studied experimentally at Calspan University of Buffalo Research Center’s test facility. DMS is
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A biological model of nonlinear dimensionality reduction Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Kensuke Yoshida, Taro Toyoizumi
Obtaining appropriate low-dimensional representations from high-dimensional sensory inputs in an unsupervised manner is essential for straightforward downstream processing. Although nonlinear dimensionality reduction methods such as t -distributed stochastic neighbor embedding ( t -SNE) have been developed, their implementation in simple biological circuits remains unclear. Here, we develop a biologically
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Elderly vulnerability to temperature-related mortality risks in China Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Xin Yao, Ying Qu, Ashok K. Mishra, Michael E. Mann, Liqiang Zhang, Chen Bai, Mengting Li, Jintai Lin, Jing Wei, Qiwei Yu, Ruiqiang Ding, Yuebin Wang, Lei Zhang, Jing Yang, Junpei Tao, Suhong Liu, Qihao Wang
The elderly face elevated mortality risk due to rising temperature. Previous assessments of temperature-related mortality, however, lack a comprehensive analysis of distinct impacts of temperature change across different timescales and characteristics. Using a longitudinal survey of 27,233 elderly Chinese citizens from 2005 to 2018, we establish connections between rising temperatures, temperature
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Zinc-finger PARP proteins ADP-ribosylate alphaviral proteins and are required for interferon-γ–mediated antiviral immunity Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-01-31 Andrew P. Ryan, Sofia E. Delgado-Rodriguez, Matthew D. Daugherty
Viral manipulation of posttranslational modifications (PTMs) is critical to enable control over host defenses. Evidence suggests that one such PTM, adenosine 5′-diphosphate (ADP)–ribosylation, is important for viral replication, but the host and viral components involved are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that several human poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) proteins, including the zinc-finger
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Monoaminergic neurotransmitters are bimodal effectors of tau aggregation Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-01-31 Xinmin Chang, Amanda M. Tse, Marina Fayzullina, Angela Albanese, Minchan Kim, Conner F. Wang, Zipeng Zheng, Ruchira V. Joshi, Christopher K. Williams, Shino D. Magaki, Harry V. Vinters, Jeremy O. Jones, Ian S. Haworth, Paul M. Seidler
Neurotransmitters (NTs) mediate trans-synaptic signaling, and disturbances in their levels are linked to aging and brain disorders. Here, we ascribe an additional function for NTs in mediating intracellular protein aggregation by interaction with cytosolic protein fibrils. Cell-based seeding experiments revealed monoaminergic NTs as inhibitors of tau. Seeding is a disease-relevant mechanism involving
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DNA methylation–based age prediction and sex-specific epigenetic aging in a lizard with female-biased longevity Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-01-31 Ethan P. Shealy, Tonia S. Schwartz, Robert M. Cox, Aaron M. Reedy, Benjamin B. Parrott
Sex differences in life span are widespread across animal taxa, but their causes remain unresolved. Alterations to the epigenome are hypothesized to contribute to vertebrate aging, and DNA methylation–based aging clocks allow for quantitative estimation of biological aging trajectories. Here, we investigate the influence of age, sex, and their interaction on genome-wide DNA methylation patterns in
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A role for proprioceptors in sngception Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-01-31 Cheng-Han Lee, Jiann-Her Lin, Shing-Hong Lin, Chu-Ting Chang, Yu-Wei Wu, Guy Bewick, Robert W. Banks, Stefan Gründer, Ute Hochgeschwender, Chih-Cheng Chen
Proprioceptors are primary mechanosensory neurons to monitor the status of muscle contraction and/or body position ( 1 ). Although proprioceptors are known as non-nociceptive mechanoreceptors, they also express the pro-nociceptive acid-sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3) ( 2 – 5 ). To probe the role for proprioceptors in sensing acidosis (or sngception) ( 6 ), we found that genetic deletion of Asic3 in proprioceptors
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Increasing rat numbers in cities are linked to climate warming, urbanization, and human population Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-01-31 Jonathan L. Richardson, Elizabeth P. McCoy, Nicholas Parlavecchio, Ryan Szykowny, Eli Beech-Brown, Jan A. Buijs, Jacqueline Buckley, Robert M. Corrigan, Federico Costa, Ray DeLaney, Rachel Denny, Leah Helms, Wade Lee, Maureen H. Murray, Claudia Riegel, Fabio N. Souza, John Ulrich, Adena Why, Yasushi Kiyokawa
Urban rats are commensal pests that thrive in cities by exploiting the resources accompanying large human populations. Identifying long-term trends in rat numbers and how they are shaped by environmental changes is critical for understanding their ecology, and projecting future vulnerabilities and mitigation needs. Here, we use public complaint and inspection data from 16 cities around the world to
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Adapting hybrid density functionals with machine learning Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-01-31 Danish Khan, Alastair J. A. Price, Bing Huang, Maximilian L. Ach, O. Anatole von Lilienfeld
Exact exchange contributions significantly affect electronic states, influencing covalent bond formation and breaking. Hybrid density functional approximations, which average exact exchange admixtures empirically, have achieved success but fall short of high-level quantum chemistry accuracy due to delocalization errors. We propose adaptive hybrid functionals, generating optimal exact exchange admixture
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Mechanisms of uropathogenic E. coli mucosal association in the gastrointestinal tract Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-01-31 Philippe N. Azimzadeh, George M. Birchenough, Nathaniel C. Gualbuerto, Jerome S. Pinkner, Kevin O. Tamadonfar, Wandy Beatty, Thomas J. Hannan, Karen W. Dodson, Enid C. Ibarra, Seonyoung Kim, Henry L. Schreiber, James W. Janetka, Andrew L. Kau, Ashlee M. Earl, Mark J. Miller, Gunnar C. Hansson, Scott J. Hultgren
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are highly recurrent and frequently caused by Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains that can be found in patient intestines. Seeding of the urinary tract from this intestinal reservoir likely contributes to UTI recurrence (rUTI) rates. Thus, understanding the factors that promote UPEC intestinal colonization is of critical importance to designing therapeutics
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VPS18 contributes to phagosome membrane integrity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis –infected macrophages Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-01-31 Charul Jani, Neha Jain, Amanda K. Marsh, Pooja Uchil, Triet Doan, Meggie Hudspith, Owen T. Glover, Zach R. Baskir, Julie Boucau, David E. Root, Nicole N. van der Wel, John G. Doench, Amy K. Barczak
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) has evolved to be exquisitely adapted to survive within host macrophages. The capacity to damage the phagosomal membrane has emerged as central to Mtb virulence. While Mtb factors driving membrane damage have been described, host factors that maintain phagosomal integrity or repair Mtb-induced damage to contain the pathogen remain largely unknown. We used a genome-wide
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Chemical passivation and grain-boundary manipulation via in situ cross-linking strategy for scalable flexible perovskite solar cells Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-01-31 Weifu Zhang, Jian Liu, Wei Song, Jiahong Shan, Haowei Guan, Jun Zhou, Yuanyuan Meng, Xinyu Tong, Jintao Zhu, Mengjin Yang, Ziyi Ge
Flexible perovskite solar cells (f-PSCs) are considered the most promising candidates in portable power applications. However, high sensitivity of crystallization on the substrate and the intrinsic brittleness usually trade off the performance of f-PSCs. Herein, we introduced an initiator-free cross-linkable monomer (2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl) 5-(dithiolan-3-yl)pentanoate (FTA), which can chemically