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Controlled reversible methionine-selective sulfimidation of peptides Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Zeyuan He, Xiufang Zhao, Wen-Yan Gao, Guangjun Bao, Yiping Li, Quan Zuo, Xinyi Song, Ling-Yun Mou, Wangsheng Sun, Rui Wang
Site-selective chemical peptide manipulation is an effective strategy to understand and regulate structure and function. However, methionine-selective modification remains one of the most difficult challenges in peptide chemistry, with notable limited strategies. In this study, we report a general reversible modification strategy at methionine sites that uses the ruthenium-catalyzed sulfimidation of
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Functional divergence of plant SCAR/WAVE proteins is determined by intrinsically disordered regions Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Sabine Brumm, Aleksandr Gavrin, Matthew Macleod, Guillaume Chesneau, Annika Usländer, Sebastian Schornack
Dynamic actin cytoskeleton reorganization enables plant developmental processes requiring polarized transport such as root hair and leaf trichome formation. The SCAR/WAVE complex plays a crucial role in regulating these dynamics through ARP2/3-mediated actin branching. SCAR/WAVE genes occur as small families across a wide range of plant species, but whether and how they fulfill different functions
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Realization of inverse-design magnonic logic gates Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Noura Zenbaa, Fabian Majcen, Claas Abert, Florian Bruckner, Norbert J. Mauser, Thomas Schrefl, Qi Wang, Dieter Suess, Andrii V. Chumak
Magnonic logic gates represent a crucial step toward realizing fully magnonic data processing systems without reliance on conventional electronic or photonic elements. Recently, a universal and reconfigurable inverse-design device has been developed, featuring a 7 by 7 array of independent current loops that create local inhomogeneous magnetic fields to scatter spin waves in an yttrium-iron-garnet
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The end-Cretaceous mass extinction restructured functional diversity but failed to configure the modern marine biota Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Stewart M. Edie, Katie S. Collins, David Jablonski
The end-Cretaceous (K-Pg) mass extinction shows how large-scale taxonomic loss affects functional diversity over short and long timeframes. In a macroevolutionary model system, we find that, despite losing ~60% of genera and ~20% of family-level diversity, marine bivalves lost only ~5% of their functional diversity, inconsistent with random extinction. Even with evolutionary opportunities presented
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Terahertz stimulated parametric downconversion of a magnon mode in an antiferromagnet Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Zhuquan Zhang, Yu-Che Chien, Man Tou Wong, Frank Y. Gao, Zi-Jie Liu, Xiaoxuan Ma, Shixun Cao, Edoardo Baldini, Keith A. Nelson
Parametric amplification, where one signal is enhanced by the action of another, offers both practical utility for boosting weak signals and fundamental insights into the nonlinear coupling between degrees of freedom. In condensed matter systems, interactions between collective modes offer avenues for nonlinear coherent manipulation of coupled excitations and quantum phases. Antiferromagnets, with
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Neuronal lipofuscinosis caused by Kufs disease/CLN4 DNAJC5 mutations but not by a CSPα/DNAJC5 deficiency Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Santiago López-Begines, Nozha Borjini, Ángela Lavado-Roldán, Cristina Mesa-Cruz, Fabiola Mavillard, Vera I. Wiersma, Fátima Rubio-Pastor, Emanuela Tumini, Carmen Paradela-Leal, María L. Chiclana-Valcárcel, Carolina Aguado, Rafael Luján, Wiep Scheper, José L. Nieto-González, Rafael Fernández-Chacón
Kufs disease/CLN4 is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by unknown mechanisms through Leu 115 Arg and Leu 116 Δ mutations in the DNAJC5 gene that encodes the synaptic vesicle co-chaperone cysteine string protein α (CSPα/DNAJC5). To investigate the disease mechanisms in vivo, we generated three independent mouse lines overexpressing different versions of CSPα/DNAJC5 under the neuron-specific
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Control of ultrafast hot electron dynamics in epsilon-near-zero conductive oxide thin films Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Sudip Gurung, Subhajit Bej, Quynh Dang, Ambaresh Sahoo, Aleksei Anopchenko, Zhenhuan Yi, Alexei V. Sokolov, Andrea Marini, Ho Wai Howard Lee
The dynamics of nonlinear optical processes in epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) are primarily governed by hot electron relaxation with a sub-picosecond response. However, there is currently a lack of comprehensive understanding of the ultrafast electron dynamics in nonlinear TCO ENZ materials. This study investigates the effects of laser peak power and ENZ mode excitation
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Socioeconomic and temporal heterogeneity in SARS-CoV-2 exposure and disease in England from May 2020 to February 2023 Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Christian Morgenstern, Thomas Rawson, Wes Hinsley, Pablo N. Perez Guzman, Samir Bhatt, Neil M. Ferguson
The impact of COVID-19 varied significantly by deprivation, ethnicity, and policy measures. We analyzed individual-level data on 12,310,485 first SARS-CoV-2 Pillar 2–PCR-confirmed infections, 439,083 hospitalizations, 107,823 deaths, and vaccination records in England from May 2020 to February 2022. Poisson regression models adjusted for demographic and temporal factors showed higher incidence rate
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Astrocyte-derived CCL5-mediated CCR5 + neutrophil infiltration drives depression pathogenesis Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Hang Yao, Si-Yuan Jiang, Ying-Ying Jiao, Zhi-Yong Zhou, Zhu Zhu, Cong Wang, Ke-Zhong Zhang, Teng- Fei Ma, Gang Hu, Ren-Hong Du, Ming Lu
Cross-talk between the nervous and immune systems is involved in neurological diseases. However, their potential interplay in depression has yet to be elucidated. Here, using single-cell RNA and neutrophil SMART RNA sequencing, we showed that CCR5 + neutrophils were significantly increased in patients with depression and preferentially migrated to the hippocampus in a mouse model of depression. Infiltrated
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Genome-wide analyses of cell-free DNA for therapeutic monitoring of patients with pancreatic cancer Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Carolyn Hruban, Daniel C. Bruhm, Inna M. Chen, Shashikant Koul, Akshaya V. Annapragada, Nicholas A. Vulpescu, Sarah Short, Susann Theile, Kavya Boyapati, Bahar Alipanahi, Zachary L. Skidmore, Alessandro Leal, Stephen Cristiano, Vilmos Adleff, Julia S. Johannsen, Robert B. Scharpf, Zachariah H. Foda, Jillian Phallen, Victor E. Velculescu
Determining response to therapy for patients with pancreatic cancer can be challenging. We evaluated methods for assessing therapeutic response using cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in plasma from patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer in the CheckPAC trial (NCT02866383). Patients were evaluated before and after initiation of therapy using tumor-informed plasma whole-genome sequencing (WGMAF) and tumor-independent
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Fast quantum interferometry at the nanometer and attosecond scales with energy-entangled photons Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Colin P. Lualdi, Spencer J. Johnson, Michael Vayninger, Kristina A. Meier, Swetapadma Sahoo, Simeon I. Bogdanov, Paul G. Kwiat
In classical optical interferometry, loss and background complicate achieving fast nanometer-resolution measurements with illumination at low light levels. Conversely, quantum two-photon interference is unaffected by loss and background, but nanometer-scale resolution is physically difficult to realize. As a solution, we enhance two-photon interference with highly nondegenerate energy entanglement
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Personal care products disrupt the human oxidation field Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Nora Zannoni, Pascale S. J. Lakey, Youngbo Won, Manabu Shiraiwa, Donghyun Rim, Charles J. Weschler, Nijing Wang, Tatjana Arnoldi-Meadows, Lisa Ernle, Anywhere Tsokankunku, Gabriel Bekö, Pawel Wargocki, Jonathan Williams
People generate hydroxyl radicals (OH) in the presence of ozone via the ozonolysis of skin-emitted alkenes. In this study, we found that the application of personal care products (PCPs) including fragrances and body lotions suppresses the human oxidation field. Body lotion hampers the generation of 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, a key OH precursor, while many volatile ingredients of PCPs enhance OH loss
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CD8 + T cell–derived CD40L mediates noncanonical cytotoxicity in CD40-expressing cancer cells Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Phillip Schiele, Alberto Sada Japp, Regina Stark, Joanna J. Sattelberg, Christos Nikolaou, Gereon Kornhuber, Parya Abbasi, Nina Ding, Stanislav Rosnev, Stefan Meinke, Kerstin Mühle, Lucie Loyal, Julian Braun, Manuela Dingeldey, Sibel Durlanik, Nadine Matzmohr, Donata Ponikwicka-Tyszko, Slawomir Wolczynski, Nafis A. Rahman, Ichiro Taniuchi, Stephan Schlickeiser, Claudia Giesecke-Thiel, Thomas Blankenstein
T cells and their effector functions, in particular the canonical cytotoxicity of CD8 + T cells involving perforin, granzymes, Fas ligand (FasL), and tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL), are crucial for tumor immunity. Here, we reveal a previously unidentified mechanism by which CD40L-expressing CD8 + T cells induce cytotoxicity in cancer cells. In murine models, up to 50%
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Poorly quantified trends in ammonium nitrate remain critical to understand future urban aerosol control strategies Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Ryan X. Ward, Haroula D. Baliaka, Benjamin C. Schulze, Gaige H. Kerr, John D. Crounse, Sina Hasheminassab, Roya Bahreini, Ann M. Dillner, Armistead Russell, Nga L. Ng, Paul O. Wennberg, Richard C. Flagan, John H. Seinfeld
Despite decades of progress in reducing nitrogen oxide (NO x ) emissions, ammonium nitrate (AN) remains the primary inorganic component of particulate matter (PM) in Los Angeles (LA). Using aerosol mass spectrometry over multiple years in LA illustrates the controlling dynamics of AN and their evolution over the past decades. These data suggest that much of the nitric acid (HNO 3 ) production required
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Diversity of omission responses to visual images across brain-wide regions Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Noam Nitzan, György Buzsáki
An organism’s survival depends on its ability to anticipate forthcoming events and detect discrepancies between the expected and actual sensory inputs. We analyzed data from mice performing a visual go/no-go change-detection task where the sequence of stimulus presentations was intermittently interrupted by omission of a stimulus. The omission of a visual stimulus did not elicit discernable spiking
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Downward terrestrial gamma-ray flash associated with collision of lightning leaders Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Yuuki Wada, Takeshi Morimoto, Ting Wu, Daohong Wang, Hiroshi Kikuchi, Yoshitaka Nakamura, Eiichi Yoshikawa, Tomoo Ushio, Harufumi Tsuchiya
Lightning discharges can produce transient gamma-ray emissions called terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs), which originates from electrons accelerated to relativistic energies in strong electric fields. However, it is not yet understood how lightning produces an enormous number of relativistic electrons in dense atmospheres. We present that, thanks to a ground-based observation with optical, radio
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The impact of tropical cyclone exposure on infant mortality in low- and middle-income countries Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Zetianyu Wang, Renzhi Jing, Sam Heft-Neal, Aaron Clark-Ginsberg, Debarati Guha-Sapir, Eran Bendavid, Zachary Wagner
Tropical cyclones (TCs) pose substantial health risks to infants, particularly those living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, the extent to which TCs affect infant survival in LMICs is not well understood. We examined the impact of TC exposure on infant mortality by linking recently developed TC wind field data with 1,682,249 nationally representative infant survival records from
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Individual clown anemonefish shrink to survive heat stress and social conflict Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Melissa A. Versteeg, Chancey MacDonald, Morgan F. Bennett-Smith, Peter M. Buston, Theresa Rueger
Vertebrate growth is generally considered to be unidirectional, but challenging environmental conditions, such as heatwaves, may disrupt normal growth patterns and affect individual survival. Here, we investigate the growth of individual clown anemonefish, Amphiprion percula , during a marine heatwave. We measured the length of 134 wild clown anemonefish every month and monitored temperature at the
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Sphingolipid synthesis in tumor-associated macrophages confers immunotherapy resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Xiaozhen Zhang, Mengyi Lao, Kang Sun, Hanshen Yang, Lihong He, Xinyuan Liu, Linyue Liu, Sirui Zhang, Chengxiang Guo, Sicheng Wang, Jiatao Shi, Xiaoyu Zhang, Daqian Xu, Xiongbin Lu, Xueli Bai, Tingbo Liang
Dysregulated metabolism of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment leads to immune evasion and tumor progression. As a major cell component in the tumor, the metabolic reprogramming of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) creates an immunosuppressive microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our study found that sphingolipid (particularly, sphingosine-1-phosphate or S1P) levels are a clinical
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Increased maize chromosome number by engineered chromosome fission Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Yibing Zeng, Mingyu Wang, Jonathan I. Gent, R. Kelly Dawe
Activation of synthetic centromeres on chromosome 4 in maize leads to its breakage and formation of trisomic fragments called neochromosomes. A limitation of neochromosomes is their low and unpredictable transmission rates due to trisomy. Here, we report that selecting for dicentric recombinants through male crosses uncovers stabilized chromosome 4 fission events, which split it into 4a-4b complementary
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Single-molecule analysis reveals the mechanism of chromatin ubiquitylation by variant PRC1 complexes Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Alexandra Teslenko, Beat Fierz
Chromatin regulation relies on “writer” enzymes that add posttranslational modifications to histone proteins. Variant polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) exists as several subtypes, which are “writers” of ubiquitylation on histone H2A K118 and K119, crucial for transcriptional repression during development and cell identity determination. The mechanism by which dynamic chromatin exploration by variant
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When less is more: Counterintuitive stoichiometriesand cellular abundances are essential for ABC transporters’ function Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Hiba Qasem Abdullah, Nurit Livnat Levanon, Michal Perach, Moti Grupper, Tamar Ziv, Oded Lewinson
Prokaryotes acquire essential nutrients primarily through adenosine triphosphate–binding cassette (ABC) importers, consisting of an adenosine triphosphatase, a permease, and a substrate-binding protein. These importers are highly underrepresented in proteomic databases, limiting our knowledge about their cellular copy numbers, component stoichiometry, and the mechanistic implications of these parameters
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Tunneling spectroscopy of Andreev bands in multiterminal graphene-based Josephson junctions Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Woochan Jung, Seyoung Jin, Sein Park, Seung-Hyun Shin, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Gil Young Cho, Gil-Ho Lee
Multiply connected electronic networks threaded by flux tubes have been proposed as a platform for adiabatic quantum transport and topological states. Multiterminal Josephson junction (MTJJ) has been suggested as a pathway to realize this concept. Yet, the manifestations of topology in MTJJ remain open for experimental study. Here, we investigated the artificial topological band structure of three-terminal
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Variable mantle redox states driven by deeply subducted carbon Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Mingdi Gao, Yu Wang, Stephen F. Foley, Yi-Gang Xu
Slab subduction transports carbonates into the reduced, metallic iron (Fe 0 )–bearing sublithospheric mantle (>250 kilometers), leading to heterogeneous mantle redox states and sublithospheric diamond formation beneath cratons. To elucidate the drivers of mantle redox variation, we performed mixed reaction experiments between carbonatite melt and Fe 0 -bearing peridotite at 9 to 21 gigapascals under
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Immunopeptidomics-guided discovery and characterization of neoantigens for personalized cancer immunotherapy Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Yangyang Cai, Manyu Gong, Mengqian Zeng, Feng Leng, Dezhong Lv, Jiyu Guo, Hao Wang, Yapeng Li, Quan Lin, Jing Jing, Ying Zhang, Juan Xu, Yongsheng Li
Neoantigens have emerged as ideal targets for personalized cancer immunotherapy. We depict the pan-cancer peptide atlas by comprehensively collecting immunopeptidomics from 531 samples across 14 cancer and 29 normal tissues, and identify 389,165 canonical and 70,270 noncanonical peptides. We reveal that noncanonical peptides exhibit comparable presentation levels as canonical peptides across cancer
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Gradual labeling with fluorogenic probes: A general method for MINFLUX imaging and tracking Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Longfang Yao, Dongjuan Si, Liwen Chen, Shu Li, Jiaxin Guan, Qiming Zhang, Jing Wang, Jiong Ma, Lu Wang, Min Gu
Minimal photon fluxes (MINFLUX) nanoscopy excels in nanoscale protein studies but lacks a universal method for simultaneous imaging and live-cell tracking in dense cellular environments. Here, we developed a general strategy, gradual labeling with fluorogenic probes for MINFLUX (GLF-MINFLUX) imaging and tracking. In GLF-MINFLUX, membrane-permeable small-molecule fluorogenic dye with protein-induced
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Amphiphilic nanopores that condense undersaturated water vapor and exude water droplets Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Baekmin Q. Kim, Zachariah Vicars, Máté Füredi, Lilia F. Escobedo, R. Bharath Venkatesh, Stefan Guldin, Amish J. Patel, Daeyeon Lee
Condensation of water vapor in confined geometries, known as capillary condensation, is a fundamental phenomenon with far-reaching implications. While hydrophilic pores enable liquid formation from undersaturated vapor without energy input, the condensate typically remains confined, limiting practical utility. Here, we explore the use of amphiphilic nanoporous polymer-infiltrated nanoparticle films
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Communication of perceptual predictions from the hippocampus to the deep layers of the parahippocampal cortex Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Oliver Warrington, Nadine N. Graedel, Martina F. Callaghan, Peter Kok
Current evidence suggests that the hippocampus is essential for exploiting predictive relationships during perception. However, it remains unclear whether the hippocampus drives the communication of predictions to sensory cortex or receives prediction signals from elsewhere. We collected 7-tesla fMRI data in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) while auditory cues predicted abstract shapes. Strikingly, neural
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Moiré cavity quantum electrodynamics Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Yu-Tong Wang, Qi-Hang Ye, Jun-Yong Yan, Yufei Qiao, Yu-Xin Liu, Yong-Zheng Ye, Chen Chen, Xiao-Tian Cheng, Chen-Hui Li, Zi-Jian Zhang, Cheng-Nian Huang, Yun Meng, Kai Zou, Wen-Kang Zhan, Chao Zhao, Xiaolong Hu, Clarence Augustine T. H. Tee, Wei E. I. Sha, Zhixiang Huang, Huiyun Liu, Chao-Yuan Jin, Lei Ying, Feng Liu
Quantum emitters are a key component in photonic quantum technologies. Enhancing single-photon emission by engineering their photonic environment is essential for improving overall efficiency in quantum information processing. However, this enhancement is often limited by the need for ultraprecise emitter placement within conventional photonic cavities. Inspired by the fascinating physics of moiré
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Macrophage hitchhiking nanomedicine for enhanced β-elemene delivery and tumor therapy Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Shuying Chen, Yongjiang Li, Zhuoming Zhou, Qimanguli Saiding, Yiming Zhang, Soohwan An, Muhammad Muzamil Khan, Xiaoyuan Ji, Ruirui Qiao, Wei Tao, Na Kong, Wei Chen, Tian Xie
Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems hold promise for tumor therapy; however, they frequently encounter challenges such as low delivery efficiency and suboptimal efficacy. Engineered living cells can redirect drug delivery systems to effectively reach targeted sites. Here, we used living macrophages as vehicles, attaching them with GeS nanosheets (GeSNSs) carrying β-elemene for transport to tumor
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Seeing through arthropod eyes: An AI-assisted, biomimetic approach for high-resolution, multi-task imaging Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Yan Long, Bo Dai, Chenliang Chang, Neil Upreti, Li Wei, Lulu Zheng, Songlin Zhuang, Tony Jun Huang, Dawei Zhang
Arthropods have intricate compound eyes and optic neuropils, exhibiting exceptional visual capabilities. Combining the strengths of digital imaging with the features of natural arthropod visual systems offers a promising approach to harness wide-angle vision and depth perception while addressing limitations like low resolving power. Here, we present an artificial intelligence–assisted biomimetic system
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2D material exciton-polariton transport on 2D photonic crystals Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-21 Xin Xie, Qiuyang Li, Chenxi Liu, Yuze Liu, Chulwon Lee, Kai Sun, Hui Deng
Transport of elementary excitations is a fundamental property of two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors, essential for wide-ranging phenomena and device applications. Although exciton transport reported in 2D materials barely exceeds 1 to 2 micrometers, coherent coupling of excitons with photons to form polaritons enables extended transport lengths and offers opportunities to use photonic mode engineering
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Upgraded circular single-stranded DNA regulators for multiple-input multiple-output gene circuits in mammalian cells Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Linlin Tang, Jinghao Wang, Kaiqi Xu, Zhen Li, Jie Song
Synthetic gene networks hold promise for genetic diagnostics and gene therapy but face limitations due to insufficient molecular tools. Gene-encoded circular single-stranded DNA (Css DNA) has been developed as a switchable vector to enrich regulatory components beyond protein/RNA-based systems in mammalian cells. However, the previous Css DNA regulator suffered from constrained regulatory sequence
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Dual DNA demethylation mechanisms implement epigenetic memory driven by the pioneer factor PAX7 Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Juliette Harris, Alexandre Mayran, Arthur Gouhier, Yves Gauthier, Nawal Hajj Sleiman, Samir Merabet, Michael Dukatz, Pavel Bashtrykov, Albert Jeltsch, Haig Djambazian, Shu-Huang Chen, Aurelio Balsalobre, Jacques Drouin
Pioneer transcription factors have the unique ability to open chromatin at enhancers to implement new cell fates. They also provide epigenetic memory through demethylation of enhancer DNA, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We now show that the pioneer paired box 7 (PAX7) triggers DNA demethylation using two replication-dependent mechanisms, including direct PAX7 interaction with the E3
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Helical coassembly enables full-color efficient circularly polarized light emission from carbon dots with high dissymmetry factors Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Jinsui Li, Qinghua Tan, Jinyang Li, Wendi Qin, Chenhao Li, Qian Teng, Yuyue Yang, Yifeng Wang, Ye Cao, Yuchen Hu, Jibin Zhang, Fanglong Yuan
Printing materials with circularly polarized light (CPL) emission holds promise for flexible stereoscopic displays and multilevel anticounterfeiting solutions. However, a key challenge lies in developing printable CPL materials that exhibit both high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and luminescence dissymmetry factor ( g lum ) values. In this study, we present the macroscopic and controllable
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Tunable chiral magneto-transport through band structure engineering in magnetic topological insulators Mn(Bi 1− x Sb x ) 2 Te 4 Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Peng Chen, Puyang Huang, Zeyu Li, Jieyi Liu, Qi Yao, Qiang Sun, Ang Li, Xinqi Liu, Yifan Zhang, Xinyu Cai, Jiuming Liu, Liyang Liao, Guanying Yang, Zhongkai Liu, Yumeng Yang, Xiaodong Han, Jin Zou, Thorsten Hesjedal, Zhenhua Qiao, Xufeng Kou
Berry curvature and spin texture are representative tuning parameters that govern spin-orbit coupling–related physics and are also the foundation for future device applications. Here, we investigate the impact of the Sb-to-Bi ratio on shaping the electronic band structure and its correlated first- and second-harmonic magneto-transport signals in the intrinsic magnetic topological insulator Mn(Bi 1−
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Dynamics of bacterial operons during genome-wide stresses is influenced by premature terminations and internal promoters Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Rahul Jagadeesan, Suchintak Dash, Cristina S. D. Palma, Ines S. C. Baptista, Vatsala Chauhan, Jarno Mäkelä, Andre S. Ribeiro
Bacterial gene networks have operons, each coordinating several genes under a primary promoter. Half of the operons in Escherichia coli have been reported to also contain internal promoters. We studied their role during genome-wide stresses targeting key transcription regulators, RNA polymerase (RNAP) and gyrase. Our results suggest that operons’ responses are influenced by stress-related changes in
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Mid-infrared group IV nanowire laser Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Youngmin Kim, Simone Assali, Junyu Ge, Sebastian Koelling, Manlin Luo, Lu Luo, Hyo-Jun Joo, James Tan, Xuncheng Shi, Zoran Ikonic, Hong Li, Oussama Moutanabbir, Donguk Nam
Semiconductor nanowires have shown great potential for enabling ultracompact lasers for integrated photonics platforms. Despite the impressive progress in developing nanowire lasers, their integration into Si photonics platforms remains challenging largely because of the use of III-V and II-VI semiconductors as gain media. Recently, group IV nanowires, particularly direct bandgap GeSn nanowires capable
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Ppp1r3b is a metabolic switch that shifts hepatic energy storage from lipid to glycogen Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Kate Townsend Creasy, Minal B. Mehta, Carolin V. Schneider, Joseph Park, David Zhang, Swapnil V. Shewale, John S. Millar, Marijana Vujkovic, Nicholas J. Hand, Paul M. Titchenell, Joseph A. Baur, Daniel J. Rader
The PPP1R3B gene, encoding PPP1R3B protein, is critical for liver glycogen synthesis and maintaining blood glucose levels. Genetic variants affecting PPP1R3B expression are associated with several metabolic traits and liver disease, but the precise mechanisms are not fully understood. We studied the effects of both Ppp1r3b overexpression and deletion in mice and cell models and found that both changes
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A skin-mimicking multifunctional hydrogel via hierarchical, reversible noncovalent interactions Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Xingkui Guo, Songlin Zhang, Shubham Patel, Xiaolu Sun, You-Liang Zhu, Zechang Wei, Rongguo Wang, Xiaodong He, Zuankai Wang, Cunjiang Yu, Swee Ching Tan
Artificial skin is essential for bionic robotics, facilitating human skin–like functions such as sensation, communication, and protection. However, replicating a skin-matched all-in-one material with excellent mechanical properties, self-healing, adhesion, and multimodal sensing remains a challenge. Herein, we developed a multifunctional hydrogel by establishing a consolidated organic/metal bismuth
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Study of self-assembly behavior and ionic conductivity of conjugated liquid crystals with T-shaped facial-polyphilic structure Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Ziwei Liu, Yangyang Sun, Ban Xuan Dong, Shrayesh N. Patel, Paul F. Nealey, Fernando A. Escobedo, Christopher K. Ober
The unique self-assembly of liquid crystals (LCs), combined with their potential application as organic semiconductors, has become a focus of recent research. Here, a joint experimental and computational study of the self-assembly and ionic conduction was carried out on a series of T-shaped conjugated LCs consisting of three incompatible components. By extending the EOn side-chain length, several experimental
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Identification and targeting of regulators of SARS-CoV-2–host interactions in the airway epithelium Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Brooke Dirvin, Heeju Noh, Lorenzo Tomassoni, Danting Cao, Yizhuo Zhou, Xiangyi Ke, Jun Qian, Sonia Jangra, Michael Schotsaert, Adolfo García-Sastre, Charles Karan, Andrea Califano, Wellington V. Cardoso
The impact of SARS-CoV-2 in the lung has been extensively studied, yet the molecular regulators of host-cell programs hijacked by the virus in distinct human airway epithelial cell populations remain poorly understood. Some of the reasons include overreliance on transcriptomic profiling and use of nonprimary cell systems. Here we report a network-based analysis of single-cell transcriptomic profiles
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Decreasing importance of carbon-climate feedbacks in the Southern Ocean in a warming climate Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Tereza Jarníková, Corinne Le Quéré, Steven Rumbold, Colin Jones
The Southern Ocean is an important CO 2 sink, mitigating climate change, but its future evolution is uncertain due to the confounding effects of stratospheric ozone recovery and climate change on ocean circulation. Using an Earth System Model, we quantify the relative influence of ozone-depleting substances and greenhouse gas emissions on this sink from 1950 to 2100. Ozone effects dominated changes
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Unidirectional molecular rotary motor with remotely switchable rotation direction Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Kamil Szychta, Wojciech Danowski, Joanna Jankowska
Light-driven rotary motors allow direct transformation of light energy into rotary motion at the nanoscale, giving rise to countless emerging applications in molecular engineering. The key feature enabling the unidirectional rotation and controlling its direction is the motor chirality, a factor hard to modify postsynthetically. Here, we propose a motor architecture, E-motor, whose operation direction
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Celluloepidemiology—A paradigm for quantifying infectious disease dynamics on a population level Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 My K. Ha, Anna Postovskaya, Maria Kuznetsova, Pieter Meysman, Vincent Van Deuren, Sabrina Van Ierssel, Hans De Reu, Jolien Schippers, Karin Peeters, Hajar Besbassi, Leo Heyndrickx, Betty Willems, Joachim Mariën, Esther Bartholomeus, Koen Vercauteren, Philippe Beutels, Pierre Van Damme, Eva Lion, Erika Vlieghe, Kris Laukens, Samuel Coenen, Reinout Naesens, Kevin K. Ariën, Benson Ogunjimi
To complement serology as a tool in public health interventions, we introduced the “celluloepidemiology” paradigm where we leveraged pathogen-specific T cell responses at a population level to advance our epidemiological understanding of infectious diseases, using SARS-CoV-2 as a model. Applying flow cytometry and machine learning on data from more than 500 individuals, we showed that the number of
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Agulhas rings locally enhance dissipation of internal tides Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Yang Wang, Sonya Legg
Internal tides have a pivotal role in the climate system as a primary source of mechanical energy for diapycnal mixing, which sustains the global meridional overturning circulation. Variations in the location of internal tide dissipation can modify the climatic state of oceanic circulation. Mesoscale eddies and internal tides are two prominent peaks in the ocean energy spectrum, which overlap in spatial
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Extreme nonlinearity by layered materials through inverse design Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Zhi Zhao, Rahul Dev Kundu, Ole Sigmund, Xiaojia Shelly Zhang
Biological materials such as seashell nacre exhibit extreme mechanical properties due to their multilayered microstructures. Collaborative interaction among these layers achieves performance beyond the capacity of a single layer. Inspired by these multilayer biological systems, we architect materials with free-form layered microstructures to program multistage snap-buckling and plateau responses—accomplishments
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Oxide semiconductor in a neuromorphic chromaticity communication loop for extreme environment exploration Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Shangda Qu, Qianbo Yu, Chengpeng Jiang, Taoyu Zou, Honghuan Xu, Longlong Zhang, Mengze Tao, Qingshan Zhu, Song Zhang, Cong Geng, Mingjian Yuan, Yong-Young Noh, Wentao Xu
Space exploration, particularly in the extreme space environment, has gained increasing attention. Networked robots capable of real-time environmental perception and autonomous collaboration offer a promising alternative for executing complex precision tasks. Consequently, achieving local reliable communication and preparing irradiation-tolerant materials are essential. Here, we demonstrate a cephalopod-inspired
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Capturing structural intermediates in an animal-like cryptochrome photoreceptor by time-resolved crystallography Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Manuel Maestre-Reyna, Yuhei Hosokawa, Po-Hsun Wang, Martin Saft, Nicolas Caramello, Sylvain Engilberge, Sophie Franz-Badur, Eka Putra Gusti Ngurah Putu, Mai Nakamura, Wen-Jin Wu, Hsiang-Yi Wu, Cheng-Chung Lee, Wei-Cheng Huang, Kai-Fa Huang, Yao-Kai Chang, Cheng-Han Yang, Meng-Iao Fong, Wei-Ting Lin, Kai-Chun Yang, Yuki Ban, Tomoki Imura, Atsuo Kazuoka, Eisho Tanida, Shigeki Owada, Yasumasa Joti, Rie
Animal-like cryptochromes are photoreceptors that control circadian rhythm and signaling in many eukaryotes. Transient photoreduction of the cryptochrome flavin chromophore initiated signaling via a poorly understood mechanism. By serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX), we show that the photoreduction mechanism of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cryptochrome involves three loci [carboxyl-terminal region
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Skillful multiyear prediction of flood frequency along the US Northeast Coast using a high-resolution modeling system Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Liping Zhang, Thomas L. Delworth, Vimal Koul, Andrew Ross, Charles Stock, Xiaosong Yang, Fanrong Zeng, Andrew Wittenberg, Jian Zhao, Qinxue Gu, Shouwei Li
Using tide gauge (TG) observations, we identify pronounced multidecadal fluctuations in sea level along the US Northeast Coast (USNEC) superimposed on a long-term increasing trend. This multidecadal sea level variability, largely arising from fluctuations in the buoyancy-driven Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), substantially modulates the frequency of flood occurrences along the USNEC
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Hsc70-4: An unanticipated mediator of dsRNA internalization in Drosophila Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Sabrina J. Fletcher, Eugenia S. Bardossy, Lorena Tomé-Poderti, Thomas Moss, Vanesa Mongelli, Lionel Frangeul, Hervé Blanc, Yann Verdier, Joelle Vinh, Shaeri Mukherjee, Maria-Carla Saleh
The small interfering RNA pathway is the primary antiviral defense mechanism in invertebrates and plants. This systemic mechanism relies on the recognition, transport, and internalization of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Our aim was to identify cell surface proteins that bind extracellular dsRNA and mediate its internalization in Drosophila cells. We used coimmunoprecipitation coupled with proteomics
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Aboral cell types of Clytia and coral larvae have shared features and link taurine to the regulation of settlement Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Julia Ramon-Mateu, Anna Ferraioli, Núria Teixidó, Isabelle Domart-Coulon, Evelyn Houliston, Richard R. Copley
Larval settlement is of interest both for ecologists and for evolutionary biologists, who have proposed that anterior sensory systems for substrate selection provided the basis for animal brains. Nevertheless, the cellular and molecular regulation of settlement, including in Cnidaria (corals, jellyfish, sea anemones, and hydroids), is not well understood. We generated and compared anterior (aboral)
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Nucleosomes represent a crucial target for the intra-S phase checkpoint in response to replication stress Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Xiaoqin Liu, Bo Zhang, Yu Hua, Chuanqi Li, Xizhou Li, Daochun Kong
The intra-S phase checkpoint is essential for stability of stalled DNA replication forks. However, the mechanisms underlying checkpoint regulation remain poorly understood. This study identifies a critical checkpoint target—the ubiquitin E3 ligase Brl2, revealing a new dimension of checkpoint regulation. Upon replication fork stalling, Brl2 undergoes phosphorylation at five serine residues by Cds1
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The microRNA OsmiR393 regulates rice brown planthopper resistance by modulating the auxin–ROS signaling cross-talk Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Lin Zhu, Haichao Li, Zhihuan Tao, Feilong Ma, Shujun Wu, Xuexia Miao, Liming Cao, Zhenying Shi
Auxin plays critical roles in plant development and stress response. However, the roles of auxin and the immune signaling factor, reactive oxygen species (ROS), in resistance to the brown planthopper (BPH), a notorious rice-specific piercing–sucking insect that causes severe yield losses, remain unclear. We revealed that moderate naphthalene acetic acid treatment activates rice resistance to BPH, BPH
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Should we think of observationally constrained multidecade climate projections as predictions? Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Tong Li, Francis W. Zwiers, Xuebin Zhang
Empirical evidence indicates that the range of model-projected future warming can be successfully narrowed by conditioning the projected warming on past observed warming. We demonstrate that warming projections conditioned on the entire instrumental annual surface temperature record are of sufficiently high quality and should be considered as long-term predictions rather than merely as projections
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Single rhenium atoms on nanomagnetite: Probing the recharge process that controls the fate of rhenium in the environment Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Rongrong Ding, Carolina Guida, Carolyn I. Pearce, Elke Arenholz, Jean-Marc Grenèche, Alexandre Gloter, Andreas C. Scheinost, Kristina O. Kvashnina, Kaifeng Wang, Alejandro Fernandez-Martinez, Yang Mu, Kevin M. Rosso, Laurent Charlet
Understanding the redox transitions that control rhenium geochemistry is central to paleoredox and geochronology studies, as well as predicting the fate of chemically similar hazardous oxyanions in the environment such as pertechnetate. However, detailed mechanistic information regarding rhenium redox transitions in anoxic systems is scarce. Here, we performed a comprehensive laboratory study of rhenium
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Sheep serve as amplifying hosts of Japanese encephalitis virus, increasing the risk of human infection Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Hailong Zhang, Dan Li, Jiayang Zheng, Jingyue Bao, Zhiliang Wang, Yafeng Qiu, Ke Liu, Zongjie Li, Beibei Li, Donghua Shao, Juxiang Liu, Zhiyong Ma, Jianchao Wei
The transmission cycle of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), involving pigs and birds as amplifying hosts and mosquitoes as vectors, was elucidated in the 1950s. However, factors contributing to this cycle remain unclear. Here, sheep were infected with a JEV strain isolated from sheep exhibiting neurological symptoms. The results revealed that sheep are susceptible to JEV infection and develop viremia
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Astrocytes-derived LCN2 triggers EV-A71–induced muscle soreness via accumulating lactate Sci. Adv. (IF 11.7) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Qiao You, Jing Wu, Chaoyong Wang, Deyan Chen, Shiji Deng, Yurong Cai, Nan Zhou, Ruining Lyu, Yajie Qian, Yi Xie, Miao He, Zhiwei Wu
Viral muscle soreness (VMS) is a common feature during acute viral infections, including those caused by enteroviruses, and it substantially diminishes patients’ quality of life. At present, we aim to establish the “brain-muscle” axis to explore the underlying mechanisms of VMS. We initially observed that diminished pain threshold occurred in enterovirus A71 (EV-A71)–infected C57BL/6J and AG6 mice