Post-translational modifications (PTMs) play critical roles in biological processes and have significant effects on the structures and dynamics of proteins. Top-down proteomics methods were developed for and applied to the study of intact proteins and their PTMs in human samples. However, the large dynamic range and complexity of human samples makes the study of human proteins challenging. To address

The analysis of histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) by mass spectrometry (MS) has been critical to the advancement of the field of epigenetics. The most sensitive and accurate workflow is similar to the canonical proteomics analysis workflow (bottom-up MS), where histones are digested into short peptides (4-20 aa) and quantitated in extracted ion chromatograms. However, this limits the

Reversible phosphorylation plays critical roles in cell growth, division, and signal transduction. Kinases which catalyze the transfer of γ-phosphate groups of nucleotide triphosphates to their substrates are central to the regulation of protein phosphorylation and are therefore important therapeutic targets. Top-down mass spectrometry (MS) presents unique opportunities to study protein kinases owing

Methylation of proteins has considerable impacts on physiological processes including signal transduction, DNA damage repair, transcriptional regulation, gene activation, and inhibition of gene expression. However, the traditional proteomics-based approach suffers from limited identification rates of these critical methylation sites on endogenous peptides. In this work, a peptidomics-based workflow

Histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) have been intensively investigated due to their essential function in eukaryotic genome regulation. Histone modifications have been effectively studied using modified bottom-up proteomics approaches; however, the methods often do not capture single-molecule combinations of PTMs (proteoforms) that mediate known and expected biochemical mechanisms. Both

Simultaneous enrichment of glyco- and phosphopeptides will benefit the studies of biological processes regulated by these posttranslational modifications (PTMs). It will also reveal potential crosstalk between these two ubiquitous PTMs. Unlike custom-designed multifunctional solid phase extraction (SPE) materials, operating strong anion exchange (SAX) resin in electrostatic repulsion-hydrophilic interaction

Abstract Histamine intolerance results from a disequilibrium of accumulated histamine and the capacity for histamine degradation. An impaired histamine degradation based on reduced DAO activity and the resulting histamine excess may cause numerous symptoms mimicking an allergic reaction. For that, the determination of histamine in blood or in food products has great importance to identify risk factors

Abstract This work is focused on the development of a genosensor for microRNA-21 quantification using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to transduce the hybridization event. The biosensing platform was built by self-assembling two bilayers of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) and graphene oxide (GO) at a gold surface modified with 3-mercaptopropane sulfonate (MPS), followed by the covalent

A new method for determining lead by resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) has been proposed and its operation mechanism has been discussed. In pH 5.0 HAc–NaAc buffer solution, Pb(II) reacted with xylenol orange (XO) to form a chelating anion ([Pb (H2In)] 2–), which further reacted with crystal violet (CV) to form ternary ionic complexes, resulting in the enhancement of RRS intensity. The RRS intensity

The coexistence of various spatial distributions of laser intensity in a multimode vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) at fixed DC values was experimentally demonstrated. Their structures were characterized by different integrated intensities, polarization states, and sets of wavelengths. Spatial multistability was shown to lead to the appearance of multistability in the laser intensity

The effect of vacuum annealing temperature at 10–2 Pa on the surface structure and functionality of ultradisperse diamond (UDD) produced by detonation synthesis was studied using Raman scattering, IR absorption, x-ray diffraction, and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques. Vacuum annealing at ≤750oC did not affect the structure of diamond nanoparticles although amorphous sp2-hybridized carbon

Potassium sulfate crystals with a copper content of 1.7% were synthesized, and the dependence of their refractive indices ni(λ) and birefringence Δni(λ) on their dispersion was studied. It was found that the dispersion ni(λ) in the spectral range of 300–700 nm is normal while introduction of the impurity leads to a decrease of ni and of the electron polarizability. The band energy structure of potassium

We have studied the physical properties of CdS thin films obtained by high-frequency magnetron sputtering. We have determined the optical constants and the bandgap width for the studied fi lms (Еg = 2.39 eV). The spectral dependences of the refractive index, the absorption coefficient, and the extinction coefficient were obtained from the transmission spectra at room temperature. The optical parameters

Abstract The aim of this study is to investigate the optical properties of thin films of MPS-encapsulated CdS quantum dots (QDs) and SiO2/MPS-encapsulated CdS QDs mixture. For this purpose, SiO2 sol and colloidal MPS-encapsulated CdS QDs were mixed and then deposited on a glass substrate by spin coating. Also, the spin coating method was used to deposit the colloid-produced MPS-encapsulated CdS QDs

Abstract The optical characteristics used in the photovoltaics of nano- and microstructure, evaluated using electromagnetic radiation transfer computation software, mismatch with data obtained at high estimated times. The ability to apply the geometric optics approximations is shown for this purpose. Relevant computations using a 3D ROKS-RG programming tool (the Monte Carlo method) are performed for

Herein, we present and discuss the development of a novel sensor for aflatoxin B2 (AFB2) determination by two methods of functionalization. The first method was performed, by the electrodeposition of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), coated with a mixture of chitosan (CS) and AFB2 on the gold-working area of a screen-printed electrode. As for the second functionalization method, it was carried out

We report electrochemical response of non-adherent E. coli cells on a platinum disc electrode and in-situ inactivation through electro-stimulation to reduce their growth. Anodic peak current in cyclic voltammetry (CV) was gradually enhanced with an increased cell density due to increase in redox protein riboflavin secreted by the viable bacterial cells. The presence of the bacterial cells showed capacitive

In this work, we presented a simple and enzyme-free electrochemiluminescence chlorpyrifos pesticide sensor based on decorated Ni-foam with zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles in the presence of peroxydisulfate as the strong co-reactant. To control of morphology of the Zinc oxide nanoparticles, the silica film was utilized as an effective template. The surface characterization of the modified electrode was

Mucin 1 (MUC1) is abnormally expressed in tumor tissues, and quantitative analysis of MUC1 is thus beneficial to the prevention and early diagnosis of cancer. In this work, by intergrating DNAzyme with strand displacement reaction (SDR), we have fabricated a highly sensitive MUC1 colorimetric assay based on a multiple signal amplification strategy. Specifically, the presence of MUC1 can induce the

Food-derived biomaterials have attracted increasing attention due to their renewability, excellent biocompatible and biodegradable properties, tunable solubility, and multi-active binding sites for introducing novel functionalities. As the three major food biomaterials, polysaccharides, lipids, and proteins from diverse natural sources are environmentally friendly and possess potential functions for

Repotrectinib, a next-generation ROS1/TRK/ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor, overcomes resistance due to acquired solvent-front mutations involving ROS1, NTRK1-3, and ALK. A bioanalytical assay for quantification of repotrectinib in mouse plasma and seven tissue-related matrices (brain, liver, spleen, kidney, small intestinal tissue, small intestinal content, and testis homogenates) was developed and validated

Black tea (BT) is rich in dietary antioxidants, but its antioxidant composition has not been fully understood. To identify the true antioxidants occurring in BT, we established an approach based on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay coupled with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry (DPPH•–UHPLC–HRMS). The employment of HRMS enable us to

Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs) are comprised of antibodies attached to cytotoxic small molecules or biological agents (i.e., payloads) through chemical linkers which may be cleavable or non-cleavable. The development of new ADCs is challenging, particularly the process of attaching the linker-payload construct to the antibody (i.e., the conjugation process). One of the major problems associated with

The ion-exchange and complex forming equilibria were quantitatively described and demonstrated in order to understand major factors in the control of selectivity in the analytical separation of carboxylic acids and inorganic anions in cryptand based ion chromatography. A complex retention model has been developed for the separation on a non-conventional IC column. Changes in retention are treated both

Abstract Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are challenging established structural biology perception and urge a reassessment of the conventional understanding of the subtle interplay between protein structure and dynamics. Due to their importance in eukaryotic life and central role in protein interaction networks, IDP research is a fascinating and highly relevant research area in which NMR spectroscopy

Abstract ZZ-exchange spectroscopy is widely used to study slow exchange processes in biomolecules, especially determination of exchange rates and assignment of minor peaks. However, if the exchange cross peaks overlap or the populations are skewed, kinetic analysis is hindered. In order to analyze slow exchange protein dynamics under such conditions, here we have developed a new method by combining

Structural dynamic modeling is a key element in the analysis of building behavior for different environmental factors. Having this in mind, the authors propose a simple nonlinear model for studying the behavior of buildings in the case of earthquakes. Structural analysis is a key component of seismic design and evaluation. It began more than 100 years ago when seismic regulations adopted static analyzes

Quadcopters are beginning to play an important role in precision agriculture. In order to localize and operate the quadcopter automatically in complex agricultural settings, such as a greenhouse, a robust positioning system is needed. In previous research, we developed a spread spectrum sound-based local positioning system (SSSLPS) with a 20 mm accuracy within a 30×30 m greenhouse area. In this research

Depth estimation is a key problem in 3D computer vision and has a wide variety of applications. In this paper we explore whether deep learning network can predict depth map accurately by learning multi-scale spatio-temporal features from sequences and recasting the depth estimation from a regression task to an ordinal classification task. We design an encoder-decoder network with several multi-scale

Narrative works (e.g., novels and movies) consist of various utterances (e.g., scenes and episodes) with multi-layered structures. However, the existing studies aimed to embed only stories in a narrative work. By covering other granularity levels, we can easily compare narrative utterances that are coarser (e.g., movie series) or finer (e.g., scenes) than a narrative work. We apply the multi-layered

Visible light positioning (VLP) is a promising indoor localization system in which light emitting diode (LED) luminaires are used as positioning beacons. Data communication is an essential aspect of any VLP system, as each luminaire must transmit information about its own location to the receiver. The quadrature angular diversity aperture (QADA) is a new receiver designed specifically for VLP systems

Embedded encryption devices and smart sensors are vulnerable to physical attacks. Due to the continuous shrinking of chip size, laser injection, particle radiation and electromagnetic transient injection are possible methods that introduce transient multiple faults. In the fault analysis stage, the adversary is unclear about the actual number of faults injected. Typically, the single-nibble fault analysis

The advent of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) has accelerated the progress of computer vision from many aspects. However, the majority of the existing CNNs heavily rely on expensive GPUs (graphics processing units). to support large computations. Therefore, CNNs have not been widely used to inspect surface defects in the manufacturing field yet. In this paper, we develop a compact CNN-based model

Lower-limb strength is a marker of functional decline in elders. This work studies the feasibility of using the quasi-periodic nature of the distance between a subjects’ back and the chair backrest during a 30-s chair–stand test (CST) to carry out unsupervised measurements based on readings from a low-cost ultrasound sensor. The device comprises an ultrasound sensor, an Arduino UNO board, and a Bluetooth

This paper presents the design and implementation of an auto-tuning continuous-time bandpass sigma-delta (ΣΔ) modulator for micro-electromechchanical systems (MEMS) gyroscope readout systems. Its notch frequency can well match the input signal frequency by adding a signal observation to the traditional ΣΔ modulator. The filter of the observation adopts the same architecture as that of the traditional

Lossy mode resonance based sensors have been extensively studied in recent years. The versatility of the lossy mode resonance phenomenon has led to the development of sensors based on different configurations that make use of a wide range of materials. The coating material is one of the key elements in the performance of a refractometer. This review paper intends to provide a global view of the wide

Internet of Things (IoT) is a promising technology that uses wireless sensor networks to enable data collection, monitoring, and transmission from the physical devices to the Internet. Due to its potential large scale usage, efficient routing and Medium Access Control (MAC) techniques are vital to meet various application requirements. Most of the IoT applications need low data rate and low powered

It was discovered that large-amplitude axial oscillation can occur on a rotor with an internally hydrogenated deformable part (HDP) in a rotation–translation nanoconverter. The dynamic outputs of the system were investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. When an input rotational frequency (100 GHz > ω > 20 GHz) was applied at one end of the rotor, the HDP deformed under the centrifugal and

The smart robot is playing an increasingly important role in the social economy, and multi-robot systems will be an important development in robotics. With smart sensing systems, the communications between sensors, actuators, and edge computing systems and robots are prone to be attacked due to the highly dynamic and distributed environment. Since smart robots are often distributed in open environments

Due to the limitation of current technologies and product costs, humans are still in the driving loop, especially for public traffic. One key problem of cooperative driving is determining the time when assistance is required by a driver. To overcome the disadvantage of the driver state-based detection algorithm, a new index called the correction ability of the driver is proposed, which is further combined