Anaerobic biorefining of food waste (FW) into volatile fatty acids (VFAs) is typically limited by substrate recalcitrance and acid-induced stress. In this study, co-regulation with percarbonate (SPC) and zero-valent iron (ZVI) resulted in a maximum VFAs concentration of 28,317.9 mg COD/L, compared to only 3,986.4 mg COD/L in the control. SPC/ZVI treatment facilitated FW solubilization, enhanced substrate

Microbial synthesis of 6-aminocaproic acid (6-ACA), a key nylon-6 monomer, was the focus of this study. Our previous work on 6-ACA biosynthesis using an artificial iterative carbon-chain-extension cycle showed potential, but the impact of intermediates on metabolism remained unresolved. To address this, a bacterial microcompartment (BMC) was engineered in Escherichia coli to encapsulate 6-ACA synthesis

Agri-Food Waste (AFW) valorization represents a transformative approach to addressing global sustainability challenges by converting underutilized biomass into high-value bioactive compounds. This review offers a comprehensive examination of AFW streams—ranging from agricultural residues and post-harvest losses to food processing by-products—highlighting their composition, bioactive molecule content

This review comprehensively explores the characteristics and applications of torrefied bamboo. Bamboo has a high volatile matter (VM) content (73.9–93.0 %), which results in substantial liquid byproducts during torrefaction. The higher heating value (HHV) of biochar produced from wet torrefaction (WT) is greater than that made from dry torrefaction (DT). When the torrefaction severity factor is 8.7

This paper developed a single-chamber α-MnO2-coupled microbial electrolysis cell (α-MnO2-MEC) system to enhance the oxidation denitrification rate of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) in order to overcome the electrode repulsion problem between NH4+ and the anode. The α-MnO2 material with an equilibrium adsorption capacity of 10.6 mg·g−1 for NH4+-N was developed. The removal rate of total nitrogen in the α-MnO2-MEC

Fermented food remains poorly understood, largely due to the lack of knowledge about microbes in food fermentation. Here, this study constructed Moutai Fermented Grain Catalog (MTFGC), a representative liquor fermented by one of the most complex fermentations. MTFGC comprised 8,379,551 non-redundant genes and 5,159 metagenome-assembled genomes, with 20% species and 20% genes being novel. Additionally

Anaerobic digestion (AD) is widely applied to treatment and energy recovery from organic wastewater/wastes, while the efficiency of AD can be limited by salinity stress. This paper reviews the effects of salinity on AD. First of all, the effects of salinity on AD performance were compared, revealing that methane production is more susceptible to salinity stress. Secondly, the influence of salinity

l-homoserine is an important precursor in synthesizing the essential amino acids derived from l-aspartate and other valuable bio-based products, and is widely used in cosmetics, food, and pharmaceutical industries. However, the yield of l-homoserine in Corynebacterium glutamicum is limited. In this study, we successfully engineered a C. glutamicum to efficiently produce l-homoserine. First, a l-threonine-producing

The natural products (NPs) avermectins from Streptomyces show exceptional insecticidal activity and become the most widely produced and used biopesticides in the world. Avermectins are produced by submerged fermentation (SmF), generating significant amount of effluent, exhaust gas and solid waste. We therefore endeavored to establish a green and sustainable alternative through solid-state fermentation

This study proposes an approach involving image capture, recognition, and processing using quantum dots for light conversion, which emit blue, green, orange, and red light. Microalgae species of Nannochloropsis sp. and Chaetoceros sp. are selected for observation. In addition to color differences and brightness distribution, an optimized composite detecting indicator (OCDI) is introduced, which combines

Climate change driven by rising atmospheric CO2 levels underscores the urgent need for sustainable energy solutions. This study investigates the dual potential of CO2 as a primary carbon source and acetate as an intermediate to simultaneously mitigate atmospheric CO2 levels and generate bioelectricity using microbial fuel cells (MFCs). A synthetic microbial co-culture was developed, combining Clostridium

Furfural is an essential platform compound for organic chemicals. However, the low selectivity of furfural via fast pyrolysis of biomass hinders the widespread application. Herein, a novel method for preparing furfural-rich bio-oil from waste wood catalyzed by acid-leaching residue (ALR) is reported for the first time. The bio-oil yield reaches 74.87 wt%, and the highest reported furfural yield is

Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in livestock wastewater resulting from excessive antibiotics used in animal farming pose significant environmental and public health risks. Conventional treatment methods are often costly, inefficient, and may inadvertently promote ARG transmission. Microalgae, with their long genetic distance from bacteria and strong ability to utilize wastewater nutrients, offer

Biofilms play crucial roles in enhancing microbial tolerance to environmental stress. Biofilm engineering in industrial microorganisms has been a promising and efficient approach to improve the production of metabolites. In this study, the psl gene cluster from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, for extracellular polysaccharide synthesis, was first introduced in a succinic acid (SA) producing Escherichia coli

This study explored the electrode modification by iron-based materials (IBM) including Fe2O3, Fe3O4, and FeN in the aim of promoting the medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) production by electro-fermentation (EF). Results showed that the modification of cathodes with IBM increased MCFA production by 15 %-169 %. FeN exhibited the best performance, achieved the maximum MCFA production of 4450.2 mg COD/L

Secondary effluent constructed wetlands (SECWs) are engineered ecosystems for advanced wastewater treatment, yet the functional roles and survival strategies of complete ammonia oxidizers (comammox) within these systems remain poorly understood, particularly from a rhizosphere view. The results of this study demonstrated that comammox was numerically and functionally dominant (60.4 % to 70.6 %) in

Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) operated with pre-settled wastewater enables separation of organics with high biomethane potential. However, organic compounds are also needed to support denitrification, and external carbon may be needed to achieve low effluent nitrogen concentrations. This study evaluated the impact of primary sedimentation on carbon management in AGS processes. A pilot-scale reactor

Co-hydrothermal carbonization (co-HTC) of microalgae and lignocellulosic biomass can boost co-hydrochar yield and nitrogen retention rate, but the co-hydrochar still suffers from low nitrogen content and porosity. Accordingly, in this study, FeCl3, NH4Cl and melamine were employed as additives to intensify the co-HTC process of microalgae (CP) and corn stalk (CS), and their impacts on the co-hydrochar

The Complete Ammonium and Nitrate Removal via Denitratation Anammox Over Nitrite (CANDAN) process was evaluated for rapid sludge granulation in a lab-scale sequencing batch reactor. Over 119 days under increasing nitrogen loading rates (NLRs), the system finally achieved average 89.2 % total nitrogen removal at 1.93 kg N/m3/d NLR, with sludge particle sizes increasing from 215.6 μm to 924.5 μm. Higher

High-solid anaerobic digestion has been paid more attention, expected to solve the increasing amount of sewage sludge. In order to cope with the new issues of high-solid sludge digestion, recently emerging thermophilic (stage I)-mesophilic (stage II) temperature-phased anaerobic digestion (TPAD) process was employed to probe into its applicability in enhancing methanation. High-solid sludge at a total

The wastewater treatment based on the symbiosis of microalgae and bacteria has attracted increasing attention for its excellent pollutant removal efficiency, energy savings, and resource recovery. Among them, the microalgae-bacteria immobilization (MABI) system stands out by enhancing the electron transfer efficiency through carrier domain confinement, thereby overcoming bottlenecks of low light energy

Partial denitrification (PD) can ensure stable supply of electron acceptors for anaerobic ammonia oxidation, and biofilm is an effective method to prevent biomass loss, which are crucial for stable operation of PD. In this study, hydrophobic hollow-fiber gas–liquid separation membranes were placed in a denitrification sequencing batch reactor, and dense biofilms were formed within just 3 days. Confocal

Advancing circular wastewater management, this study developed an innovative solution for waste activated sludge (WAS) utilisation by constructing a system in whichWAS wasconverted to biochar and feedback catalysed biosynthesis of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). After PHA extraction, residual sludge was pyrolysed into biochar, which acted as a catalyst to further enhance PHA production by the self-fermentation

Propionate accumulation is common in anaerobic digestion systems, while Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) show potential in steering direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) to facilitate methanogenesis from propionate. However, the effect of Fe3O4 NPs in stable microbial communities remains unclear. This study demonstrated that 1.0 g/L Fe3O4 NPs enhanced propionate degradation and methane production

Cerium (Ce(III)) is ubiquitously quantified in many rivers (up to 4.48 mg/L), especially in nitrogen-rich streams affected by rare earth mining. This study investigated effects and mechanisms for long-term (123 d) low-dose (0.5–5.0 mg/L) Ce(III) on partial-nitrification (PN) process. In this study, Ach1 and PrpE were upregulated by 1.0 mg/L Ce(III), which increased the proportion of acetate in metabolic

Composting is widely regarded as an effective method for reducing antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in livestock and poultry manure. However, the critical mechanisms of ARGs in different composting phase are still unclear. In this study, normal composting and two types of rapid composting (without mature phase) were used to analyze the removal of ARGs and the succession of dissolved organic matter

Biofuels, such as ethanol, can be produced by the microbial fermentation of waste gases that contain carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO). The acetogenic model microbe Clostridium ljungdahlii converts those substrates into acetyl-CoA with the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway. During autotrophic conditions, acetyl-CoA can be reduced further to ethanol via acetic acid by the enzymes aldehyde:ferredoxin

This study developed a novel wastewater treatment process for efficient nitrogen and phosphorus removal using micron zeolite powder carriers and hydrocyclone separator. Under anaerobic/intermittent aeration, the total nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiencies reached 85.2 ± 1.9 % and 78.9 ± 3.4 %, respectively, significantly outperforming conventional activated sludge system. High specific surface

This study highlights the importance of advanced membrane modification optimization methods for Membrane biofilm reactors (MBfR). Using Response surface methodology (RSM) and Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT), a relationship between solution concentration, reaction time, and temperature versus membrane surface characteristics was established. The GBDT model accurately predicted surface roughness

This work proposes a methodology for quantifying the potential risks to human health associated with reusing wastewater treated in a microalgae-based photorefinery. Microbial risks were quantified using Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment, while physico-chemical risks were assessed through a combination of Failure Mode and Effects Analysis with World Health Organisation recommendations. Experimental

The European Union’s Methane Action Plan outlined policies and targets supporting the Global Methane Pledge to cut CH4 emissions by 30% by 2030, yet urgent implementation is needed to treat medium and diluted CH4 streams. Microalgae-based technologies offer a groundbreaking solution, merging CH4 mitigation with biomass valorization to drive sustainable industrial practices. This review examines three

To convert lignocellulose waste into high-value-added products, we successfully produced docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) oil by Aurantiochytrium sp. SD116 using hydrolysates obtained through a consolidated bio-saccharification (CBS) process with corncob residue (CCR) as the substrate. We conducted fed-batch fermentations using CBS hydrolysates supplemented with sea salt and ammonia, requiring no additional

Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) can promote cellulose hydrolysis by disrupting its crystalline zone. This study focused on an uncharacterized thermophilic Myceliophthora thermophila LPMO (MtLPMO9V) in synergism with cellulases for efficient ligocellulosic hydrolysis. After MtLPMO9V was successfully expressed in P. pastoris GS115, the oxidative depolymerization of it was characterized by

This study developed a microalgae-bacteria symbiosis (MBS) system using Chlorococcum robustum AY122332.1 isolated from rare earth tailings wastewater to treat synthetic municipal wastewater. Systematic optimization identified a 1:1 bacteria-microalgae ratio (MBS 1) as optimal, achieving nearly 100 % removal of ammonia and 92.2 ± 0.6 % of chemical oxygen demand. Microbial community analysis identified

This study first evaluated the sulfamethoxazole (SMX) effects on oxygen-reducing biocathodes in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Low SMX (0.5 mg L–1) enhanced current density by 20 % via increased direct electron transfer and lower charge transfer resistance. High SMX (10–30 mg L–1) suppressed electrochemical performance. SMX preferentially bound protein-like EPS components over fulvic-like fractions,

Lignocellulosic bioethanol production by S.cerevisiae is severely hampered by xylose assimilation and inhibitors. Aiming to solve these barriers, the xylose isomerase pathway was heterologously introduced into parental strain, followed by conducting the adaptive laboratory evolution. Meanwhile, the reduced glutathione and NADPH synthesis systems to reduce excess intracellular reactive oxygen species

Biofilm-based cultivation of microalgae is a powerful method for wastewater treatment with low harvesting costs, water and energy consumption. This article provides a detailed summary of the design, construction, evaluation, and optimisation (DCEO) of mixed-species biofilms including algal and bacteria, and discusses their relevant applications in the treatment of industrial and agricultural wastewater

This full-scale trial aims to systematically examine the effect of the addition (10 % DW ratio) of wood-derived biochar produced at 700 °C on the composting of source-selected organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) and compare it with an identical treatment without biochar addition. The study mainly focused on (i) composting process performance, including compost quality, and (ii) gaseous

The management of industrial wastewaters and generation of sustainable energy resources are the two major challenges concerned with the global population and depleting fossil fuels. Tannery wastewater (TWW) is a major source of environmental pollution and human health hazardous if released without adequate treatment. The microalgal treatment of TWW among other approaches seems to be beneficial and

Immobilized enzyme packed bed reactors have contributed significantly to green and sustainable chemistry, yet design strategies at both molecular and system levels are needed. In this study, polylactic acid scaffolds were printed using 3D printing. The microporous scaffold with a high specific surface area was obtained through an etching-activation process. The enzyme sources and polymer microenvironments

Fillers significantly affect the efficient operation of biotrickling filters (BTFs). Herein, structured polypropylene fillers modified with polydopamine (PDA) and cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) were developed to reduce pressure loss and shorten the start-up period. Based on thermodynamics and the extended Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek theory, both modified fillers could improve biocompatibility

Medium-long chain dicarboxylic acids (DCAs, C ≥ 6) are essential chemical raw materials, with wide applications in the chemical, pharmaceutical, material and food industries. However, the traditional chemical synthesis methods cause environmental pollution and are not in line with goals of sustainable development. With the development of synthetic biology, high-value-added DCAs can be biosynthesized

In this study, a recombinant Escherichia coli strain was constructed to produce ectoine from Jerusalem artichoke through modular pathway engineering. First, a promoter-optimized ectoine synthesis module was integrated into the chromosome using multiple copies. Then, the introduction and expression of inulin hydrolase was optimized because inulin cannot be directly utilized. Subsequently, Fructose transport

Efficient aerobic denitrification bacteria are rarely reported under triple stresses of high alkalinity, high salinity, and tetracycline. Here, strain Pseudomonas stutzeri RAS-L11 was isolated, under the optimal reaction conditions of C/N = 6, sodium acetate as carbon source, and pH 7.0–11.0. Moreover, RAS-L11 showed perfect nitrogen removal performance under dual and triple stresses. Specifically

5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), regarded as a vital link between bio-refining and petrochemical refining, demonstrates significant potential to produce sustainable chemicals, fuels, and materials. However, its reliance on food-grade sugars as feedstock limits economic feasibility. This study demonstrates that sweet sorghum juice, rich in fructose, glucose, and sucrose, is an ideal, low-cost raw material

This study explores Cu/TiO2 nanoparticles as photocathode catalysts to enhance microbial fuel cell (MFC) performance. Cu/TiO2 samples with 1–4 wt% Cu loading were synthesized via low-temperature calcination and characterized for their optical, electrochemical, and photocatalytic properties. The 2 wt% Cu/TiO2 exhibited optimal performance, with a specific surface area 2.6 times larger than pure TiO2

Deoxyviolacein is a natural colorant with various biological properties, widely applied in cosmetic and pharmaceutical fields. However, current methods of deoxyviolacein production by natural producers may cause highly lethal infections in humans, limiting the sustainable production of deoxyviolacein. Here, an l-tryptophan-producing Escherichia coli strain was engineered for efficient deoxyviolacein

Converting cellulose into 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) provides a promising strategy for creating bio-based chemicals, offering sustainable alternatives to petroleum-based materials in polymers, biofuels, and pharmaceuticals. However, the efficient production of HMF from cellulose is challenged by the complex interplay of numerous operational variables. This study develops a machine learning (ML)

Mannitol, boasting abundant availability in marine biomass resource, represents a promising feedstock for biomanufacturing. Herein, Yarrowia lipolytica was found to synthesize 2′-fucosyllactose (2′-FL) more efficiently when using mannitol and lactose as substrate, compared to glucose and lactose. Notably, the strain maintained robust growth and 2′-FL production even when cultivated in brown algae processing

This study optimized co-pretreatment of microwave temperature (TMW) and zero-valent iron dosage ([ZVI]) to enhance anaerobic digestion (AD) of waste activated sludge (WAS). WAS was pretreated at TMW = 100, 150, or 200 °C and [ZVI] = 1, 3, or 5 g/L using a central composite design. Optimal co-pretreatment (TMW = 168 °C and [ZVI] = 5 g/L) reduced the ratio of volatile solids (VS) to total solids by 21

The transition to renewable resources and bioprocesses is essential to address climate change and meet energy demands. Biorefineries offer a sustainable solution by valorising agro-industrial wastes, such as apple pomace, a by-product of the juice and cider industries. This study presents an efficient process to produce 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) derivatives using deep eutectic solvent (DES) and

Fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass into carbohydrates (cellulose, hemicellulose) and lignin is essential for advancing biorefinery processes. However, achieving high retention of hemicellulose during pretreatment remains a significant challenge. In this study, an ethylene glycol (EG)-regulated deep eutectic solvent (DES) strategy was employed for corncob fractionation. The addition of EG increased

Bioethanol production from non-food biomass has emerged as a sustainable alternative to satisfy future energy demands. Kluyveromyces marxianus stands out as a potential consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) strain for high-temperature ethanol production from inulin. Nevertheless, enhancing its fermentation efficiency remains crucial. Here, we characterized its glycolysis regulator KmGcr2p and demonstrated

Tetracycline (TC) antibiotics wastewater is a serious threat to human health and environment. In this study, four groups of laboratory-scale constructed wetlands (CWs) with different configurations were constructed to evaluate the removal efficiency of iron-carbon (Ic) coupled constructed wetland microbial fuel cells (CW-MFC) system for different pollutants removal and bioelectricity production. The

Interactions in hybrid anammox and denitrification sludge (HADS) systems were unveiled through the effects of carbon to nitrogen (C/N) and nitrite to nitrate (Nit/Nat) ratios in long-term steady-state scale and transient kinetic scale. In nitrite-only feed (SAD1), increasing C/N ratio in long-term operation reduced effluent nitrate to 2.9 mgN/L, achieving a total nitrogen removal efficiency (TNre)

Conventional ethylene production heavily depends on fossil-derived feedstocks via steam cracking, a very energy- and emission-intensive process. Researchers have been exploring alternatives to reduce CO2emissions including producing ethylene from biobased feedstocks. This paper evaluates the cradle-to-gate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of bioethylene produced from U.S. corn ethanol. The analysis includes

Purple non-sulphur bacteria biotechnology represents a promising microbial platform to support the protein transition towards more sustainable food systems, particularly when cultivated photoautohydrogenotrophically using carbon dioxide and green hydrogen. This study explored how carbon and/or nitrogen limitations, as well as biological nitrogen fixation can steer the nutritional composition and growth

To improve biomethanation in the anaerobic digestion of food waste (FW), carbon dioxide (CO2) and zero-valent iron (ZVI) were applied, and the impact of varying dosages and injection times was assessed. The conditions of 1 g/L ZVI and 3-min CO2 injection resulted in significant methane yield improvements, with FW4 reaching a peak of 624.4 mL/gVS at day 18, 44.7 % higher than the control (FW0). Hydrolysis

Microalgae cultivation using high bicarbonate concentration in seawater medium triggers CaCO3 precipitation due to pH elevation, contaminating the photobioreactor and reduce biomass productivity. It is necessary to control Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentration in appropriate range to allow microalgae rapid growth without precipitation, followed by effective self-flocculation for harvesting. This study optimized

Meta-analysis and machine learning is used to investigate factors influencing variation in biomass productivity in outdoor algal systems. Understanding these factors is essential for optimizing algal systems. Mean productivity across the analysed studies is 11 g m–2day−1, with 6 % of observations surpassing 25 g m–2day−1. Analysis reveals that algal species alone is insufficient to optimize productivity