The contamination by the toxin citrinin (CIT), produced by fungi, has been reported in agricultural foods and is known to be nephrotoxic to humans. In this study, we found that CIT could be effectively degraded by the oleaginous yeast zwy-2-3. Four genes encoding glycosyltransferases (GTs) in zwy-2-3 () were identified by evolutionary and structural analyses. The overexpression of enhanced CIT degradation

To achieve industrial-scale putrescine production, a high efficient bio-synthesis of putrescine involving arginase (ARG, EC 3.5.3.1) and L-ornithine decarboxylase was evaluated here. Among the four arginases tested, ARG from showed the highest activity (1966 U/mg). Compared to the L-arginine decarboxylase (ADC) pathway, the strain expressing ARG and L-ornithine decarboxylase (SpeC) produced 28.7 g/L

Achieving stable and high-rate partial nitrification (PN) remains a worldwide technical conundrum in low-strength mainstream conditions. This study successfully achieved ultrarapid mainstream PN within 8 days under a saturated dissolved oxygen (DO) supply strategy, reaching a record-breaking PN rate of over 1.0 kg N m d treating municipal wastewater. Stable PN was maintained for over 200 days with

Biomass pretreatment and conversion are crucial for sustainable development, but lack information on equipment that ensures effective mass transfer and easy biomass separation post-process. This work introduces a novel basket reactor with a stationary bed (StatBioChem) for biomass processing using deep eutectic solvents (DESs). We compared the delignification efficiencies of soft and hard biomass samples

The use of agricultural biomass-based fertilizers, and the release of feces into the environment leads to last-lasting pollution of antibiotic resistance genes that cannot be removed from waters via traditional methods, resulting in significant health threats. To solve this issue, an antibiotic resistance gene removal method was proposed and tested that used sequence-specific DNA-binding designer zinc

The algal-bacterial symbiosis system (ABSS) is considered as a sustainable wastewater treatment process. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms of ABSS for the removal of common pollutant, heavy metals, and especially for emerging pollutants. For the macroscopical level, this review not only describes in detail the reactor types, influencing factors, and the development of

Although transition metals make up less than 0.1 % of the total mass in a human body, they have significant impacts on fundamental biological processes. Among them, copper(I) (Cu), copper(II) (Cu), ferrous ion (Fe) and ferric ion (Fe) exhibited many vital biochemical events. Therefore, precisely monitoring their biological distribution and concentrations modern analytical techniques are urgently required

Biorefineries have attracted significant attention from the scientific community and various industrial sectors due to their use of unconventional biomass sources to produce biofuels and other value-added compounds. Various agro-industrial residues can be applied in biorefinery systems, making them economically and environmentally attractive. However, the cost, efficiency, and profitability of the

Glycyrrhetinicacid (GA) is a high-value pentacyclic triterpenoid with broad applications. However, the industrial production of GA is hindered by low yield and the accumulation of the intermediate product GlycyrrhetinicAcid3-O-Mono-β-D-Glucuronide (GAMG). This study first identified a novel β-glucuronidase (AcGUS) from CLH-22 through transcriptomic analysis, demonstrating a substrate preference for

The carbon and energy efficiency of a biomanufacturing process is of crucial importance in determining its economic viability. Formate dehydrogenase has been demonstrated to be beneficial in regenerating NADH from formate produced during sugar metabolism, thereby creating energy-efficient systems. Nevertheless, introducing enzyme(s) for butyryl butyrate (BB) biosynthesis based on this system, only

Now, Ziwei Fan and colleagues, from the USA and China, have demonstrated directional thermal emission using pixelated, large-area, micro-optical arrays (Z. Fan et al. Nat. Commun. 15, 4533; 2024). Using carefully designed micro-optics (top left picture), the team experimentally demonstrated broadband, polarization-independent directional control of thermal radiation. The directional micro-emitter was

The field of plasmonics continues to show its potential scientific and technological impact, as new companies exploiting plasmonics beyond sensing applications emerge.

Nathalie Picqué, the new director at the Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI) in Berlin, Germany, tells us all we need to know about frequency combs and dual-comb spectroscopy, and shares with us some golden tips on becoming a successful scientist.

Water electrolysis currently accounts for approximately 4% of the global hydrogen production volume, indicating there is a significant room to provide more low-carbon hydrogen with this technology. At present, alkaline electrolysis of water emerges as the most promising technology to realize large-scale green hydrogen production. Electrocatalysts that can operate efficiently and stably at high current

Lipid droplets (LDs) have recently garnered significant attention due to their pivotal roles in life and diseases. Thus, seeking suitable tools to visualize the dynamics of LDs and reveal their mysterious functions is particularly important. Organic fluorescent probes provide significant advantages in terms of excellent sensitivity, high selectivity, and remarkable spatial resolution for the in situ

Nanocomposites have become increasingly important in photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting, considerably improving stability and efficiency. By including nanoscale components, these composites improve light absorption, charge separation, and catalytic activity. Their large surface areas enable effective catalytic reactions, and their electrical characteristics may be precisely controlled. A new

Nitrate (NO) pollution in the ecological environment cause a substantial threat to ecosystem equilibrium and human health. The electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NORR) emerges as an efficacious method for addressing NO pollution. Single-atom catalysts (SACs) exhibit prominent activity, selectivity, and stability, attributed to their efficient atomic utilization, adaptable coordination environment

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of various concentrations of antioxidants, including butyl hydroxy anisd (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), fulvic acid (FA), melatonin (MT), glycine betaine (GB) and putrescine (Put), on growth and lipid synthesis of microalgae under low-temperature (15 ℃). Changes in biochemical indicators, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, glutathione (GSH)

Cordycepin, a nucleoside analog, is widely used in medicine and health products. However, the production of cordycepin from faces the challenges of low productivity and high rate of greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, by optimizing the cordycepin biosynthesis pathway through promoter combination, Kozak sequence, and enzyme fusion, enhancing the methanol assimilation capacity in peroxisomes, adjusting

To develop a reliable sulfide (S) autotrophic denitrification (SAD) process under S and SO salinity stresses, the biofilm performance and microbial mechanisms were comparatively studied using different inocula of activated sludge (AS) and intertidal sediment (IS). Biofilm IS enriched more denitrification genes (0.34 %) and S oxidation genes (0.29 %) than those with AS. Higher denitrification performance

Gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a derivative of -glutamate, also a precursor for the synthesis of 2-pyrrolidone, which is a monomer of nylon-4. This study achieved a one-step biosynthesis of GABA and 2-pyrrolidone by overexpressing key genes involved in GABA and 2-pyrrolidone synthesis and deleting GABA degradation genes combined with reducing the degradation of 2-pyrrolidone precursor. The resulting

This study investigates the potential of TCPF to enhance phosphate recovery and nutrient bioavailability from sewage sludge ash (SSA) and fish meal (FM) through co-fermentation. The fungal treatment was found to significantly increase phosphate recovery, achieving up to 16 % efficiency, especially at a 10 g/L waste concentration. The key mechanism behind this enhancement is the production of low molecular

This study investigated the reduction of methane (CH) and nitrous oxide (NO) emissions from stormwater bioretention cells through microbial electrolytic cell (MEC), showing the largest reduction of 32.21 % (CH) at 9.2 μA/m of current density and 56.16 % (NO) at 3.5 μA/m of current density, compared with the corresponding in the control (0 μA/m of current density). Kinetic of CH and NO emissions could

Microbial degradation plays a crucial role in removing sulfonamides from soil, enhancing sulfamethoxazole (SMX) remediation. To further augment SMX removal efficiency and mitigate the transmission risk associated with antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), this study proposes a novel approach that integrates micro-animals, microorganisms, and microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology. The results showed that

High-entropy oxides (HEOs), known for their high theoretical capacity and structural stability, are considered promising anode materials for next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In this research, we synthesized a novel spinel-type HEO, (CrMnCo.NiZn)O, using a solution combustion method. By adjusting the quantity of the combustion agent, we produced samples with varying crystallite sizes. The

Beyond traditional two-dimensional (2D) imaging, additional optical dimensions, such as depth, spectrum, and polarization, provide crucial information for various complex tasks. However, the extension of multiple dimensions typically leads to a complex imaging system, severely hindering its widespread application. Here, a metasurface-empowered five-dimensional (5D) imaging system with structured light

Two parallel pilot-scale reactors were operated to investigate pollutant removal performance and metabolic pathways in elemental sulfur-driven autotrophic denitrification (SDAD) process under low temperature and after addition of external electron donors. The results showed that low temperature slightly inhibited SDAD (average total nitrogen removal of ∼4.7 mg L) while supplement of sodium thiosulfate

This study assessed the characteristics and toxicity of aqueous pyrolytic liquid (APL) derived from digested sewage sludge on anaerobic digestion (AD) and determined its rate-limiting step. Digested sewage sludge was pyrolyzed at multiple temperatures (350–650 °C) and moisture levels (0–40.4 %), resulting in APLs with varying AD toxicities. APL 350 °C-0 % showed the least toxicity, whereas APL 650 °C-40

Utilization of organic community wastes towards deriving sustainable renewable energy and adequate disposal of the residual has been an important topic of investigation. Anaerobic digestion and co-digestion of rice-derived food waste and animal manure for sustainable biogas generation is crucial from the view-point of community consumption. This paper presents an extensive review of the important and

In this study, the effect of modulating fulvic acid (FA) concentrations (0, 25 and 50 mg/L) on nitrogen removal in a bioelectrochemical hydrogen autotrophic denitrification system (BHDS) was investigated. Results showed that FA increased the nitrate (NO-N) removal rate of the BHDSs from 37.8 to 46.2 and 45.2 mg N/(L·d) with a current intensity of 40 mA. The metagenomic analysis revealed that R2 (25 mg/L)

An innovative binary biol-based deep eutectic solvent (DES), specifically ethylamine hydrochloride-ethylene glycol (EaCl-EG), was developed for efficient pretreatment of eucalyptus biomass. This DES exhibited superior performance in achieving high delignification (85.0%) and xylan removal (80.0%), while preserving a significant amount of cellulose (94.5%) compared to choline chloride-based DES. Notably

Excessive use of carbendazim (CBZ) for controlling fungal disease may result in pesticide residues in growth environments. There is an urgent requirement for real-time detection of CBZ content to enable rapid assessment of pesticide residues. Herein, a novel electrochemical sensor was created, which utilizes a laser-induced graphene (LIG) electrode modified with two-dimensional (2D) tungsten disulfide

Anaerobic digestion (AD) is an environmentally friendly technology that simultaneously stabilizes biowaste and produces biogas. Conventional AD faces challenges such as inadequate substrate degradation and low methane purity. Pressure-centric regulation serves as an AD optimization strategy that can enhance the digestion efficiency and generate higher-energy-value biogas. However, limited reviews have

In this study, ADM1-based kinetics were combined with a thermal model that accounts for various heat transfers inside and through the reactor’s boundaries. Computing the energy of bioreactions based on kinetic rates prevented an overestimation of approximately 20% in the heat demand of the heat exchanger, compared to calculations using feedstock degradation heat. This also improved the representation

The effect of different levels of temperature on resistance genes is not clear in mesophilic static composting (<50 °C). This study conducted livestock manure composting with different temperature gradients from 20 to 50 °C, it was found that the reduction rates of risk rank-I antibiotic resistance genes (from 3 % to 66 %), metal resistance genes (from −50 % to 76 %) and bacterial pathogens (from 72 %

has emerged as a prominent candidate for producing single-cell oil from cost-effective feedstocks. In this study, the capability of to produce punicic acid (PuA), a representative plant unusual fatty acid, was investigated. The introduction of acyl lipid desaturase and conjugase (PgFADX) allowed to accumulate 3.7 % of total fatty acids as PuA. Delta-12 acyl lipid desaturase (PgFAD2) and diacylglycerol