The growing interest in utilizing lignin for dye removal has gained momentum, but there is limited information on the intricate relationship between lignin structural characteristics and adsorption efficacy, especially for its biochar derivatives. This study focused on three types of lignin and their corresponding biochar derivatives. Among them, ZnCl-activated acidic/alkali densified lignin preparation of lignin-derived active carbon exhibited superior adsorption performance, achieving 526.32 mg/g for methylene blue and 2156.77 mg/g for congo red. Its exceptional adsorption capacity was attributed to its unique structural properties, including low alkyl and O-alkyl group content and high aromatic carbon levels. Furthermore, the adsorption mechanisms adhered to pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir model, signifying a spontaneous process. Intriguingly, lignin-derived active carbon also demonstrated remarkable recovery capabilities. These findings provide valuable insights into the impact of structural attributes on lignin and its biochar's adsorption performance.

中文翻译：

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三类木质素及其衍生生物炭的结构特性和吸附性能关系

人们对利用木质素去除染料的兴趣日益浓厚，但有关木质素结构特征和吸附功效之间复杂关系的信息有限，尤其是其生物炭衍生物。本研究重点关注三种类型的木质素及其相应的生物炭衍生物。其中，ZnCl活化的木质素活性炭酸/碱致密化木质素制剂表现出优异的吸附性能，对亚甲基蓝的吸附量达到526.32 mg/g，对刚果红的吸附量达到2156.77 mg/g。其卓越的吸附能力归因于其独特的结构特性，包括低烷基和O-烷基含量以及高芳香碳含量。此外，吸附机制遵循伪二级动力学和朗缪尔模型，表明这是一个自发过程。有趣的是，木质素衍生的活性炭也表现出显着的回收能力。这些发现为结构属性对木质素及其生物炭吸附性能的影响提供了有价值的见解。