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War Tax Law (Tekalif-i Harbiye): An Instrument of Dispossession and Capital Accumulation in the Ottoman Empire during the Great War Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-23 Ayla Ezgi Akyol
As a total war, World War I constituted a significant historical moment which proved that warfare not only serves to build nations and national identities, but can also create suitable socioeconomic and political conditions that foster the process of capital accumulation. The Ottoman state, like all the belligerents, on the one hand mobilized human power, means of production and subsistence and natural
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U.S. Commercial Diplomacy Toward Turkey: Ambassador George C. McGhee’s Role in the Privatization of the Oil Business in the 1950s Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-06 Murat Iplikci
American diplomats occupied an important place in Turkish politics in the 1950s. They were not only highly valued by Turkish governments; they also participated in decision-making processes as advisers, especially in matters of commerce and privatization. This article focuses on one of these influential actors, George C. McGhee, who played a significant role in the denationalization of Turkey’s oil
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Justice of the Peace Courts in the Adjudication of Property Disputes in the Ottoman Countryside (1839–1914) Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Alp Yücel Kaya
This article examines the institutionalization of justice of the peace courts in the 19th-century Ottoman Empire on the one hand, and on the other investigates the adjudication of property disputes in the lowest administrative units (villages and communes), within the context of establishing a regime of individual and exclusive property rights. Such an analysis historicizes the transformation that
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The Christian Population of 16th-Century Ottoman Anatolia: An Overview and Preliminary Observations on Its Location and Numbers in the 1520s Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Konstantinos Moustakas, Aikaterini Konstantina Kontopanagou, Petros Kastrinakis
By the 15th century, the transformation of Anatolia into a region with a large Muslim majority had been completed. By then the Christian population in most of Anatolia was either small—in absolute numbers as well as in comparison to Muslims—or non-existent. This general picture has long been known to scholarship, yet no effort has been made to date to provide a systematic overall perspective of the
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Diplomacy Within the Security Framework in Turkey and Romania During the Interwar Period Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Berk Emek, Dilek Barlas
This article aims to highlight shifting diplomatic positions in Turkey and Romania and their stances towards the League of Nations collective security network during the interwar period. It takes a comparative approach to demonstrate the diplomatic activity and strategic decision-making mechanism employed by two strategically important Balkan and Black Sea countries vis-à-vis the fragile international
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The Loss of the Greek Literary Society in Constantinople: The Dismantling of an Institution, Displacement of a Library, and Dissolution of an Intellectual Hub Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Firuzan Melike Sümertaş
The conditions that paved the way for the population exchange, the unrest created by rising nationalism in Turkey and Greece, and the subsequent search for a homogeneous population on both sides of the Aegean had a direct impact on Istanbul’s intellectual environment, its artistic and literary production, and its architecture, in which Greeks had played a significant role. This article examines the
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Armenians in 1920s Greece: Turkey’s Unwanted Minority, the League of Nations’ Burden, Greece’s “Other” Refugees Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Merih Erol
This article sheds light upon the history of an underresearched group of refugees who settled in Greece in the 1920s. It focuses on Armenians from Anatolia who fled to Greece in 1921–22, during and after the Greek-Turkish War of 1919–22. The article examines how the Greek government and international humanitarian organizations (Near East Relief, American Red Cross, etc.) approached the Armenian refugees
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Before the War: Orthodox Christians in Anatolia, 1880s–1914 Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 Ayşe Ozil
Orthodox Christians in Anatolia engaged in a widespread effort to establish churches, schools, and cultural associations in the late Ottoman period. This effort lasted roughly from the 1880s until the Great War, marking these few decades in the late 19th and early 20th centuries as a period of intense institutionalization. This article historicizes the Orthodox Christian presence in Anatolia by exploring
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Exchanging Holiness for Harmony, Bringing Pontus to Patria: The Refugee Panagia on the Move Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 Aytek Soner Alpan
İsmet Pasha’s visit to Athens in 1931 was a highlight of the diplomatic revolution between Turkey and Greece in the early 1930s. Thanks to press coverage of the visit, the Turkish public had the opportunity to observe Greece’s social landscape as shaken by the refugee issue for the first time since the Greco-Turkish war and population exchange. Whether Greek refugees could return to their former homelands
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The Roles of Refugee and Exchangee Associations in Greek and Turkish Civil Society Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-20 Doruk Işıkçı
Established by the descendants of those impacted by the 1922–23 forced migration/population exchange in Greece and Turkey, refugee and exchangee associations have become increasingly visible in both countries in recent decades. However, these associations have been the subject of surprisingly few studies from the perspectives of civil society and identity. Through a comparative examination backed up
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Symbolic Cretanness: Descendants of Cretan Muslims in Present-Day Turkey Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-10 Efpraxia Nerantzaki
This article investigates the relationship between second- and third-generation descendants of Cretan Muslims in Turkey and their Cretanness. It takes the public manifestations of and heightened involvement with Cretanness that have recently been taking place in Turkey as a starting point and develops a framework to elucidate the contemporary dynamics of Cretanness. Through in-depth interviews and
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The Population Exchange and Politics in the Historiography of Turkey and Greece Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Alexandros Lamprou
This is a historiographical essay about the impact of the population exchange on the political sphere in Greece and Turkey. Notwithstanding the asymmetry in the literature produced in the two countries—excessive in Greece and limited in Turkey—there have been two seminal narratives regarding the impact of the exchange on interwar politics. In regard to Greece, the political cleavage between refugees
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The Refugee Sports Clubs in Greece as Carriers of Asia Minor Memory (1922–40) Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-02 Andreas Baltas
After the exodus from their homelands and the population exchange between Turkey and Greece, Greek Orthodox refugees from Asia Minor formed hundreds of associations in Greece’s refugee settlements. These associations served the purposes of recovery and cultural expression, with many among them also functioning as carriers and promoters of the memory of their members’ places of origin. Among these associations
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The Asymmetries of Displacement: The Spatial Aspects of the Greek-Turkish Population Exchange Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Melis Cankara
The Greek-Turkish population exchange convention of 1923 had major effects on both countries in terms of politics, economy, society, and space. Some of the negative impacts were minimized over time. However, there are some long-term impacts, for instance on space, that are still observable in the cities we live in, even though a full century has passed since the exchange. This article focuses on both
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A Gender Analysis of the Population Exchange Between Greece and Turkey Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Gülen Göktürk Baltas
One hundred years after people were forcibly driven from their ancestral lands, this article traces the gender aspect of the Turkish-Greek population exchange from an ethnographic perspective. This aspect certainly differs with respect to the refugees’ place of origin, place of residence, social class, and the cultural capital they brought from their previous lives. The experiences were diverse, in
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Compensation Schemes Following Forced Migration Movements in the 20th Century: A Comparative Perspective on Ottoman Greeks, Greek Muslims, East Germans, Palestinians, and Iraqi Jews Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-09 Ellinor Morack
This article compares the policies of compensation implemented after five cases of forced migration in the 20th century. Compensation for property left behind was discussed in all these cases, but only implemented in some. One might think that compensation may have been easier when “abandoned” property was available and some form of “exchange” was engineered, but the relative failure of the Greek,
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The Cairo Geniza as a Source for Turkish History Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-05 Richard C. Dietrich
The information in the Cairo Geniza documents has contributed greatly to our understanding of medieval Jewish and, to a lesser degree, Islamic social and economic life. In addition, these documents have also furthered understanding of the development of Arabic, the language of the majority of the Geniza collection. However, for various reasons the Geniza’s possible contribution to the field of Turkish
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Pan-Turkism in Action? Turkic Nationalists, Nazi Germany and Turkey During World War ii Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-22 Tilman Lüdke
For Pan-Turkists, the Nazi German attack on the Soviet Union in June 1941 seemed to offer a chance for the liberation of Turkic peoples from Soviet domination. Consequently, they attempted to win over both the Turkish and the Nazi German governments to support their aims. Although active Pan-Turkist policies—entailing entry into the war on the German side—were intensively debated during 1941 and 1942
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The Story of the Parici: Fiscal Transformation and Social Reconstruction in Ottoman Cyprus (1572–1672) Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2023-08-10 Mehmet Demiryürek
The Ottoman conquest (1570–71) changed the social, economic and cultural structure on Cyprus. It created a novel society consisting of Muslims and non-Muslims (zimmis or reaya), and led to a taxation system that reflected the evolution of the central administration’s financial needs. Based on Ottoman financial and judicial sources, this article examines an important element in early Ottoman Cypriot
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‘Top-Down’ or ‘Bottom-Up’ Modernisation: Local Railway Entrepreneurs in the Ottoman Empire in the Second Half of the 19th Century Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2023-06-22 Boriana Antonova-Goleva
In 1857 a local group headed by Bulgarian merchants from the town of Şumnu applied for the Rusçuk and Varna railway concession, in what was one of the earliest attempts by Ottoman subjects to carry out such a capitalist undertaking. Since their application was officially and unofficially supported by the Sublime Porte, this article discusses the genesis and unfolding of this local project as one which
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The Ideological Background to Architectural Restoration in Turkey (1920s–1960s) Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2023-06-01 Serra Akboy-İlk
Based on primary sources such as field notes, reports, and project memorandums, this article addresses architectural restoration work in Turkey from the 1920s to the 1960s. Despite the country’s limited budget and workforce, especially in the early years of the republic, the government crafted an intense preservation program of historic monuments, whereby preservation professionals implemented the
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Between Tasavvuf and Spiritism: The Case of Enis Behiç Koryürek Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2023-02-02 Duygu Sendag
In this article, I explore the changing relationship between humans and spirits and between the self and the divine in Turkey by focusing on the encounter of the poet Enis Behiç Koryürek with a Sufi spirit at a séance in 1946. Based on the scholarship on religion as mediation, I suggest that the poet’s Sufi-spiritist practice brought forth a differently mediated self-divine relationship by forming
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Serbia and Montenegro and the Situation in Crete in 1897 Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2023-01-30 Saša Knežević
This article looks into the political stance and diplomatic activities of Serbia and Montenegro during the Cretan crisis at the end of the nineteenth century. At the time, no agreement was reached between Greece and the other Balkan states on any joint action due to mutually intertwined territorial and political claims. The Balkan states were trying to promote their individual political goals, either
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Slaveholding in the Ottoman Central Lands (1460–1880) Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2022-10-29 Hülya Canbakal, Alpay Filiztekin
Using probate inventories from multiple locations in the Ottoman central lands, this article offers a quantitative perspective on long-term patterns of slaveholding, slave prices, and demand for slaves. Findings include a continual decline in slave-ownership and related indicators across all social groups and strata, and a decline in prices in connection with trafficking from Africa in the eighteenth
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Aspects of Populism and Nostalgia in the akp’s Turkey Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2022-10-24 Michalis Theodorou
As a consequence of a long series of domestic and international political, economic and social developments that resulted in the rise of political Islam in Turkey, the Justice and Development Party (akp) came to power in 2002. Since then, it has been the dominant party in the country, developing a political narrative and a public discourse that have many attributes of modern populism. In line with
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Continuity and Change: the Missed Historical Background of the Turkish Legal Revolution Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2022-10-24 Muhammed Ceyhan
The Republic of Turkey, built on the ruins of the Ottoman Empire, has carried out, as in many other areas, a wide-ranging and radical revolution in the field of law; yet, it should be noted that this revolution was founded on the Ottoman Empire’s legacy of innovation and constituted its continuation. How this reality has been evaluated and perceived after the establishment of the Republic of Turkey
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‘The Hagia Sophia Cause’ and the Emergence of Ottomanism in the 1950s Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2022-10-24 Umut Azak
Focusing on the symbolism of the Hagia Sophia for the conservative nationalist movement, this article examines the emergence of Ottomanism as an attempted challenge to the Kemalist reading of Ottoman history. The Hagia Sophia, the former imperial church that was converted into a mosque by Sultan Mehmed ii and served as the imperial mosque of the Ottomans, lost its religious function and was opened
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Historical Novel as a Propaganda Tool: Reviving the Ottoman Past in Fiction Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2022-10-24 Ahmet Yıkık
From the nineteenth century to the present day, a considerable number of Turkish novels have been published which either incorporate facts from Ottoman history directly into their plots, or rely on that history to form the background of the action. These novels play a significant role in the formation of Turkish national consciousness. The scope of this article is to analyse the historical novels İtiraf
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Historical Writing in the Nineteenth-Century Ottoman Empire: Expansion, Islamization, and Nationalization (1839–1908) Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2022-10-24 Erdem Sönmez
The nineteenth century was a period of profound transformation in Ottoman historical writing, as in other avenues of Ottoman cultural, intellectual, and socio-political life. Aiming to establish a general framework for nineteenth-century Ottoman historiography, the present article traces the evolution of late Ottoman historical writing and explores the ways in which Ottoman historiographical practices
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Imperial Genealogies and Ottoman Nobility in Republican Turkey: Reassessing the Distinction Between Public and Private Archives Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2022-10-24 Olivier Bouquet
As Grand Vizier from 1782 to 1785, Halil Hamid Pasha established a pious foundation (vakıf) in 1783. Administered by his descendants, the foundation gave impetus to various forms of family genealogy in the last two centuries. Celal Bükey and his son Erol Bükey administered the foundation (tevliyet) from 1973 to 1981 and from 1992 to 2002 respectively. Using their personal documents, the article studies
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An Island of (Dis)Agreement Within Modern Turkish Historiography: the Chronic Conquest(s) of Cyprus Through the Turkish Past, Present and Future Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2022-10-24 Okcan Yıldırımtürk
This article discusses how the Turkish historical narratives of Cyprus evolved in mutually antagonistic and constitutive ways from the 1920s to the 1970s. Based on a genealogical perspective and a thematic focus on the conquest(s) of the island, it ultimately questions how and why Islamist authors approached the island’s history and in what ways they reproduced and/or challenged the official historiography
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Nationalizing the Ottomans and Ottomanizing the Turks Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2022-10-24 Michalis N. Michael
This article analyses how the ruling party in Turkey and President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan are trying to construct a new Turkish nation on an ideological level through a different reading of Ottoman history. In this process, a special reading of Ottoman history comes to the fore after the Kemalist state tried to undermine its importance. The article studies the importance of the ideological use of history
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On Bülent Ecevit and the Ottoman-Republican Contention: a Kemalist Hardliner or a Mediator? Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2022-10-24 Emrah Konuralp
Turkey’s political structure was built on what remained of the Ottoman Empire, not on its ruins. For this reason, it was unlikely that political polarization would be immune to rival attitudes towards the Ottoman past. On the one hand, following the War of Independence the Kemalist revolutionaries carefully detached the new state from the Ottoman legacy. On the other hand, their more conservative allies
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Recitation of Poetry by a Leader as a Means to Combine History with Politics and Ideology: Erdoğan and the Promotion of the akp’s Policy Formula Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2022-10-24 Georgios Michalakopoulos
Language constitutes a powerful tool for the transmission of information and of ideology and power alike. Should this succeed, groups of people acquire an ‘identity’ and feel different from the ‘others’. Thus, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan uses poetry as a means to connect the past with the present and the future and also to promote his personal world view and that of the Justice and Development Party (akp)
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Rescuing Ottoman History from the Turks Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2022-10-24 Edhem Eldem
History in Turkey has always been the prey of political and ideological pressures emanating from the state and government. For decades, most of this political ‘monitoring’ was dominated by the Kemalist view of history, which often bypassed or marginalized the Ottoman past. However, the last three decades or so have witnessed a gradual but radical shift, and Ottoman history has made a comeback, to the
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The ‘Turkish-Type’ Presidential System: an Imperial Civilisational Restoration? Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2022-10-24 Nikos Moudouros
This article analyses the ideological background on which the Justice and Development Party’s (akp) policy rested for the adoption of the presidential system in Turkey. It examines the presidential system as an akp claim aiming at the resolution of Turkey’s ‘basic historical contradiction’ through the effort to restore the Ottoman imperial legacy. In the same context, the analysis extends to the ideological
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Villain or Hero? Shifting Views of Abdülhamid ii and His Era in Republican Turkey Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2022-10-24 Ioannis N. Grigoriadis
Narratives and representations of the past in the present sometimes tell us more about the present than the past itself. Views of Ottoman history have varied in republican Turkey, according to political and ideological circumstances. The era of Sultan Abdülhamid ii has remained one of the most contested ones. While classic republican Turkish historiography has identified the Hamidian era with Oriental
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Taking Care of Orphans’ Properties: the Funds for Orphans in the Danube Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire (1864–78) Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2022-09-09 Nadya Manolova-Nikolova, Hristiyan Atanasov
The article discusses the funds for orphans (eytam sandıkları) in the Danube Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire during the 1860s and 1870s. Information from Ottoman and Bulgarian sources—registers (kondiki) of Orthodox church boards, official Ottoman yearbooks (salname), the loan register of the fund for orphans in the town of Trân, and others—has been collected, statistically processed and analysed. The
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Greek Personal Names and the Question of Personal Identification in the Late Ottoman Empire: a Social Historical Approach Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2022-08-23 Ayşe Ozil
The Ottoman state, Greek communal authorities and Greek individuals used various forms and renditions of Greek personal names across imperial and communal spaces, sometimes simultaneously. Based on how these names were written in Ottoman and Greek documentation, this article focuses on the implications of the variations in personal names to explore Greek personal identification in the late Ottoman
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Landed Estates, Rural Commons and Collective Agriculture in Ottoman Niş and Leskofçe in the Nineteenth Century Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2022-08-23 Yücel Terzibaşoğlu
In contesting claims of private ownership of landed estates in mid-nineteenth-century Niş and Leskofçe, peasants argued that they cultivated and possessed the land ‘jointly and commonly’. It was a claim that questioned existing property relations, based on tenancy and sharecropping in landed estates (çiftliks) owned by urban landholders. This article attempts to reconstruct the social organisation
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Turkish and Soviet Revolutionaries, 1919–22: Cooperation on the Basis of Common Interests Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2022-08-10 Sevtap Demirci
The wars of the 1910s (Italo-Ottoman, Balkan, First World) gave clear signs that the Ottoman Empire would not last for long faced with the belligerent hostility of the Great Powers and its former subjects. The question was whether or not a consensus could be reached as to its division in accordance with each belligerent’s interests. After Russia’s pulling out of the First World War due to the 1917
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The Ideological Basis of the Old (1923) and the New (2023) Turkey: the First Grand National Assembly Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2022-07-07 Christos Teazis
The First Grand National Assembly of 1920–23 provided the ideological basis not only for the creation of Turkey in 1923, but also for the establishment of the New Turkey of 2023. The main goal of the Turkish government in 1923 was for the state to disseminate the values of the Enlightenment to society through the army. This goal was expressed in the Assembly by the First Group and its political wing
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The ’68 Movements around the World and in Turkey: One Movement or Many? Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2021-12-27 Ömer Turan
The student movement of ’68 was both a major source of inspiration and subject of research for the social movement scholars. One persistent disagreement about studying ’68 lies between the world-system theory—Wallerstein views the movement as “a single revolution”—and the contentious politics approach—McAdam, Tarrow, and Tilly refuse to consider ’68 “one grand movement.” Expanding this theoretical
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Anti-Imperialism and Kemalism in Turkey’s Long Sixties: Mahir Çayan’s Theory of Revolution in Context Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2021-12-27 Erol Ülker
This article aims to reassess the evolution of Mahir Çayan’s theory of uninterrupted revolution in the context of the radical ideological currents of the long sixties in Turkey. It concentrates on Çayan’s relations with the National Democratic Revolution (Milli Demokratik Devrim, mdd) movement that enjoyed a considerable degree of political and ideological authority over the youth movements starting
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Leaving Home, Claiming the Street: Exploring Women’s Challenges in Turkey’s ’68 Movement Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2021-12-27 Selda Tuncer, İnan Özdemir Taştan
Despite worldwide interest in the history of the sixties—particularly in 1968—gender as a category of analysis has received little attention in the majority of academic research about them. Most national historiographies of ’68 have disregarded women’s political actions and their struggles with the gendered political culture. Like its counterparts, Turkey’s ’68 experience was also strongly gendered
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The New Left in Turkey’s Long Sixties: The Kurdish ’68ers and the Workers’ Party of Turkey Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2021-12-27 Azat Zana Gündoğan
Global 1968 stood in opposition to the two major social movements of the previous two centuries, namely the nationalist movements and the old left. Turkey entered into this epoch as a Third World country with a record of broken promises to various social groups, including the Kurds. This article focuses on the Kurdish ’68ers who protested the systematic oppression, exploitation, and forced assimilation
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“Turkey Will Be a Second France, Unless Our Demands Are Satisfied”: The Turkish Student Movement in the Long 1960s Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2021-12-27 Nikos Christofis
The transnational phenomenon that was “1968” was felt keenly around the globe with direct and virtually immediate impact. Turkey stands as a clear example, wherein the development and dynamism of the “Western” student movement had an immediate impact and shaped developments unfolding in Turkey at the time. As elsewhere in the world, “1968” did not hit Turkey out of thin air. The “1968 generation,”
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Women of ’68 and Their Experiences of Bargaining With Patriarchy Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2021-12-27 Zeynep Beşpinar
The main objective of this article is to elaborate on the narratives of women who were in leading positions in the ’68 student movement in Turkey and to grasp their experiences and strategies of bargaining with patriarchy. The analysis is based on six selected in-depth interviews I conducted in 2004 with prominent women figures of the movement. By using the theoretical framework offered by the works
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Ömer Turan (ed.), 1968: İsyan, Devrim, Özgürlük Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2021-12-27 Burak Özçetin
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Emin Alper, Jakobenlerden Devrimcilere: Türkiye’de Öğrenci Hareketlerinin Dinamikleri (1960–1971) Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2021-12-27 Kenan Behzat Sharpe
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Demet Lüküslü, Türkiye’nin 68’i: Bir Kuşağın Sosyolojik Analizi Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2021-12-27 Özgür Mutlu Ulus
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Afterword: The Turkish 1960s in Comparative Perspective Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2021-12-27 Hamit Bozarslan
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How to Manage the Unmanageable: Inconsistent Ottoman Strategies to Prevent Prostitution Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2021-06-28 Orlin Sabev
Based on narratives, including ‘urban legends’, and Ottoman archival sources, this article deals with prostitution in the Ottoman Empire in view of its legal and judicial treatment according to both Sharia and sultanic law. Ottoman policies towards prostitution included measures and punishments ranging from milder (imprisonment, expulsion, taxation, legalization of brothels) to harsher (death sentence
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The Role of the Press in the From Turk to Turk Campaign in Cyprus Under British Rule Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2021-06-28 Emin Akkor
Turkish Cypriot newspapers played an important role in the construction of Turkish national identity during the From Turk to Turk Campaign in Cyprus in the late 1950s. The campaign involved the establishment of Turkish municipalities that were separate from the Greek Cypriot ones and the change of village names into Turkish and aimed at conducting all trade and other business relations exclusively
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Written Proof Between Capitulations and Ottoman Kadi Courts in the Early Modern Period Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2021-06-28 Maurits H. van den Boogert
The introduction of legal reforms in the sixteenth century that gave the Hanafi school its central place in the Ottoman legal system coincided with the arrival of new trade partners from the West, first France and later England and the Dutch Republic. The Ottoman authorities’ own emphasis on the primacy of written proof and the marginalization of oral testimony was also reflected in the privileges
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Ethnic Cleansing and Diplomacy: A View of the Greek-Turkish Exchange of Populations of 1923–24 from the US National Archives Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2021-05-27 Ayhan Aktar
This article is on the diplomatic processes leading to the decision to exchange populations between Greece and Turkey during the peace negotiations at the Lausanne Conference in 1923. The US National Archives has rich and hitherto unexploited archival material that encompasses the correspondence between Istanbul, Athens and the US Department of State. As the Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs Archives
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Double Clause Conjunction in Fifteenth and Sixteenth-Century Ottoman Documents: The Case of -Ub ve Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2021-06-29 Claudia Römer
The Ottoman gerund in -Ub functions as a conjunctor and designates a unidirectional ‘and’ relation. Sometimes, a second conjunctor like ve, ammâ, lâkin is added after -Ub. Erich Prokosch (Studien zur Grammatik des Osmanisch-Türkischen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Vulgärosmanisch-Türkischen, Freiburg: Klaus Schwarz Verlag, 1980, pp. 145–46) thought this double clause conjunction to happen only
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From Fiscal Diversity to Fiscal Convergence: Franciscan Monasteries in the Sanjak of Bosna during the First Century of Ottoman Rule Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2021-06-29 Michael Ursinus
The present contribution is an attempt to analyse and conceptualise all available information concerning the principal Franciscan monasteries in Central Bosnia from the Ottoman tax survey registers of the fifteenth and first half of the sixteenth centuries. Many features in the monks’ fiscal status at this period are shared with the müste’min or foreigner from abroad, a status which appears to be based
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The Material World of Early Modern Ottoman Women: Ornaments, Robes and Domestic Furnishings in Istanbul and Bursa Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2021-06-29 Suraiya Faroqhi
The present article investigates the jewelry and domestic furnishings owned by wealthy women who died in Bursa during the early 1730s, combining the data derived from the estate inventories of the decedents with imagery, both Ottoman and non-Ottoman, dating to the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. This tentative linkage between the written and the visual has made it possible to ‘zoom in’ on the
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New Evidence on the Saruhanid Dynasty Turkish Historical Review (IF 0.2) Pub Date : 2021-06-29 † Elizabeth A. Zachariadou, Charalambos Dendrinos
The article offers new evidence on the Saruhanid succession in the fourteenth century in light of a short chronicle contained in a Greek manuscript housed in the Bodleian Library, Oxford, which records a hitherto unknown internal conflict that took place in 1383. This and similar historical evidence reflect the continuity of life of the Greek Orthodox communities under the Turcoman conquerors in a