-
Holy war and the international order Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-02 Baiquni Hasbi
Scholars have traditionally characterised perang sabil, the Malay term for waging holy war in the way of Allah, as the predominant feature of the Aceh War in the late 19th century. In this sense, p...
-
Melaka in the Arabic, Persian and Turkish Sources Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2024-08-08 A.C.S. Peacock
This paper examines Melaka’s links with the Middle East during the long fifteenth century through the evidence of the sources written in Arabic, Persian and Turkish. These comprise Arabic navigatio...
-
READING ARABIC IN SUMATRA: Interlinear translation in didactic contexts Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-18 Aglaia Iankovskaia
The article explores the involvement of bilingual texts comprising a source and its interlinear translation in Islamic educational practices in 19th- and 20th-century Sumatra. Such texts occur amon...
-
Winstedt, colonialism and the Malaysian history wars Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-28 Anthony Milner, Wilbert W. W. Wong
European colonialist thinking continues to influence history writing after national independence – even in the construction of national narratives. In the case of Malaysia, the work of the scholar-...
-
The transmission and (re)invention of tradition in Island Southeast Asia Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2024-05-03 Elsa Clavé, Mulaika Hijjas
Published in Indonesia and the Malay World (Vol. 52, No. 152, 2024)
-
Elizabeth Moore (1949–2024) Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Farouk Yahya
Published in Indonesia and the Malay World (Vol. 52, No. 152, 2024)
-
Sites of significance Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Wei Jin Darryl Lim
Late 19th-century Singapore is considered the centre for the printing and distribution of Muslim-Malay lithographed texts in the Malay archipelago. In 1890, the island’s print output was approximat...
-
The lancang kuning song in North Sumatran performance traditions Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Clara Brakel-Papenhuyzen
The traditional Malay song about a yellow ship, lancang kuning, recorded in 1979 for a research project on oral traditions in North Sumatra, is still popular today and can be found in multiple vers...
-
Dressing up the Monarch Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Elsa Clavé
The present article analyses the strategy used by the sultans of Sulu over two centuries (19th-21st) to affirm their status and authority, from their costumes to the symbols used. By doing so, it h...
-
Zulkarnain EL Madury and the micro-celebrity ustaz phenomenon Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Niki Alma Febriana Fauzi
The rise of the internet and social media has sharpened the fragmentation of religious authority. In the Indonesian context, the mainstream religious authority held by Muhammadiyah and Nahdlatul Ul...
-
The broken coloniser Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Edwin Pietersma, Rachel V. Harrison
Dutch colonial understanding of the Dutch East Indies has rarely taken into consideration the experiences and influences of returnees and of colonialists originating outside the Netherlands’ politi...
-
Producing the subaltern Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Armand Azra bin Azlira
This article examines the epistemic violence enacted onto the Malay left (represented broadly by the Malay Nationalist Party, MNP), through the collaboration between the Malay aristocracy, represen...
-
Crossing borders and crossing the line Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Adil Johan
In 1989, the Malaysian music group, Search, were a popular culture phenomenon across the Nusantara, successfully exporting their Malaysian brand of hard rock and heavy metal retrospectively termed ...
-
Translating the untranslatable Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Arif Maftuhin
Apart from the issue of the translatability of the Qur’an, the practice of translating the Qur’an into Indonesian has captured the attention of scholars. Some studies argue that there was a pause i...
-
Islamising neo-ibuism Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Evi Eliyanah, Nurenzia Yannuar, Nabhan F. Choiron, Azizatuz Zahro
The demise of the authoritarian regime in 1998 has led to heightened contestation of ideal femininity on various platforms, threatening the state-endorsed dominant ideal femininity, state ibuism. O...
-
Trans people making the hajj to Mecca Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Syamsurijal, Sharyn Davies, Muhammad Irfan Syuhudi, Muhammad Nur Khoiron, Halimatusa’diah, Nensia, Samsul Maarif
Trans people in Indonesia have fought long and hard for social inclusion. In the town of Segeri in South Sulawesi, trans people have pro-actively sought such inclusion through making the Islamic pi...
-
Old names for new things Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Mulaika Hijjas
This article examines two objects of Malay royal regalia: the Perak betel-box known as the puan naga taru and the Riau emblem known as the cogan. Drawing on Hobsbawm and Ranger’s articulation of ‘i...
-
Erecting the submerged tree trunk Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Alan Darmawan
This article discusses the efforts of constructing the narrative of continuity that connects the Indonesian province of Riau Islands with the former Malay kingdoms, Riau-Lingga-Johor-Pahang, and su...
-
Bound by history, culture, religion and kinship Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2023-07-17 Muhammad Yuanda Zara, Miftahuddin, Ajat Sudrajat, Danar Widayanta, Hanafi bin Hussin
ABSTRACT Most studies of Indonesia-Malaysia relations focus on conflict. This study analyses the depictions of Malaya in a renowned bi-weekly Islamic magazine in Indonesia in 1960, Pandji Masjarakat. The findings indicate that the magazine constructed positive perceptions of Malaya and encouraged its readers to adopt them. It promoted an understanding that Indonesia and Malaya had a long common history
-
Qur’anic readings and verse divisions in 18th-century Banten Qur’ans A.51, W.277 and RAS Arabic 4 Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2023-07-17 Ervan Nurtawab
ABSTRACT This article examines three Qur’ans that probably hail from 18th-century Banten. The first two, A.51 and W.277, are held in the National Library of the Republic of Indonesia, and the third of which, RAS Arabic 4, is part of the collection at the Royal Asiatic Society in the United Kingdom. It undertakes an analysis of the Qur’anic reading and verse numbering systems applied in these manuscripts
-
Minangkabau male angst and the autobiographical mode Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2023-07-12 C.W. Watson
ABSTRACT Darman Moenir’s autobiographical novel, Bako, relates the experience of the protagonist – the ‘I’ of the narrative – residing with his mother in the community of his father’s relatives, the bako of the title. According to the principles of Minangkabau matriliny, neither he nor his mother are members of the father’s kin group and there is a tension in the relationship between mother and son
-
From Pemuda to Remaja Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2023-06-28 Bhirawa Anoraga, Minako Sakai
ABSTRACT This study investigates how the civic nationalism of the current millennial generation is perceived and expressed in contemporary Indonesia. We define civic nationalism as nationalism in which the foundations of citizenship are civic ties that ensure equality for people of different religions or ethnicities. Since the post-New Order period, religious nationalism promoted by vocal Islamist
-
Mediating the maulid Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2023-06-28 Ronit Ricci
ABSTRACT The article explores five Maulid Syaraf al-Anām (‘The birth of the best of mankind’) manuscripts produced in the Indonesian-Malay world. The five manuscripts all include the Arabic text of this well known and highly popular panegyric recited on the anniversary of the Prophet’s birthday as well as on other auspicious occasions, with the Arabic translation into either Malay or Javanese written
-
A Fatwa Against Gaming? Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2023-04-06 Leon Woltermann
ABSTRACT This article examines the discourse surrounding the possible issue of a fatwa haram (legal advice) to ban the online game PlayerUnknown’s battlegrounds (PUBG), which occurred in the Indonesian public sphere between March and July 2019. The article firstly scrutinises the framework and preconditions facilitating the formation of the discourse, after which it will try to disentangle the layers
-
Interpreting the Palu’e Legend Pio Pikariwu Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2023-04-06 Stefan Danerek
ABSTRACT This article explores the Palu’e legend Pio pikariwu and how the main character Pio is contested by two traditionally rival politico-ceremonial domains on Palu’e island. The stateless clan-structured societies of eastern Indonesia, such as the Palu’e, are not known to have stranger-king myths, the weight of the analysis therefore lies on whether Pio pikariwu fits this category. The relevant
-
‘Inbetweenness’, Tanah Air and Nusantara in Dain Said’s Bunohan (2012), Interchange (2016) and Dukun (2018) Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2023-03-17 Mohd Erman Maharam
ABSTRACT This article examines three films by Malaysian Dain Said; Bunohan: return to murder (2012), Interchange (2016) and Dukun (2018). Particular attention is paid to the use of land and water (tanah air) imagery, cinematic qualities, and the richness of the cultural practices of Nusantara from which the films arise. Dain’s films explore arguments around national identity in the areas of the dramatic
-
Community appropriation of communal sanitation Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2023-03-10 Evawani Ellisa, Estu Putri Wilujeng, Hanifa Fijriah Wasnadi, Raphaella Dewantari Dwianto, Jenni Anggita, Nurrul Helen, Erina Asyera, Putri Ayu Iramaya
ABSTRACT This article aims to reveal the appropriation of communal sanitation facilities in an urban kampung area of Kampung Cikini, Jakarta. In Indonesia, MCK (mandi, cuci, kakus) refers to a communal facility for bathing, washing, and urinating/defecating. We argue that the urban kampung dwellers’ behaviour in using communal sanitation facilities is a form of appropriation and reappropriation of
-
A.W. Hamilton and the translation of English nursery rhymes into Malay Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2023-03-09 Haslina Haroon
ABSTRACT A.W. Hamilton (1887–1967) was a colonial police officer who demonstrated a keen interest in the Malay language. He was a regular contributor to various magazines and journals during the colonial period. His writings, which encompass various aspects of the Malay language, Malay sayings and love charms, flora, fauna, feasts, and festivals, reflect his diverse interest in his surroundings. Also
-
A Cloth that Promises Resurrection Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2022-11-04 Geneviève Duggan
ABSTRACT The article considers small sacred cloths produced in Eastern Indonesia, an area known in the textiles literature as ‘east of the Wallace line’ as handwoven cloths produced in the region share essential characteristics. They are woven on back tension looms and show similarities in the weaving technique, composition and decoration methods. The first part of the article describes and analyses
-
Plural Ecologies of Tigers in Indonesian Literature Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2022-10-21 Timo Duile
ABSTRACT This article explores the changing ecologies in Indonesian literature by drawing on the examples of tigers in two influential novels, namely Mochtar Lubis’ Harimau! Harimau! (1975) and Eka Kurniawan’s Lelaki harimau (2004). Using the concept of ‘plural ecologies’ from anthropological research in Southeast Asia, an ecology is understood as a set of relations between humans and non-humans, and
-
A Jambi Coin with Kawi Inscription from Indonesia Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2022-10-19 Aditya Bayu Perdana
ABSTRACT The Malay archipelago has a rich numismatic legacy. However, identification of many native coins is still a challenge to this day, especially for those found in Indonesia. This study aims to re-examine a particular coin type made of tin-lead alloy with suspected copper content, reported to be found in the Musi river in south Sumatra. Available literature presumed the coin as a Siak issue,
-
Good to Produce Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2022-07-15 Darmanto
ABSTRACT This article examines the role of food and food-related activities in a Mentawai society on Siberut island (West Sumatra, Indonesia). In particular, it deals with gardening, the main Mentawai activity for producing food, and its relation to the construction of Mentawai personhood. Gardening is a set of activities through which the Mentawai produce and reproduce themselves and others. It is
-
Verse Numbering System and Arabic References in Bagus Ngarpah’s Early 20th-Century Javanese Qurʾan Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2022-06-08 Ervan Nurtawab, R. Adi Deswijaya
ABSTRACT This article examines the exegetical activity in the composition of Kuran Jawi, a Qurʾanic translation from the turn of the 20th-century. Its focus is on the examination of the three-volume manuscript that contains the Qurʾanic translation in Javanese script and language that is now held in the library collection of the Radyapustaka Museum in Surakarta, Central Java. This Javanese Qurʾanic
-
Possible Traces of Early Malay Settlement in South Sulawesi Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2022-05-24 Muhlis Hadrawi, Nuraidar Agus, Hasanuddin
ABSTRACT Indigenous written sources and local tradition attribute the emergence of the Bugis kingdom of Suppa on the west coast of South Sulawesi (Indonesia) to events in the 15th century. A founding female figure emerged from the sea with her entourage and, together with a ‘descended’ male figure, established the various kingdoms in the Ajattappareng area. Details in the story and persistent memory
-
Malay Exiles in Central Thailand Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2022-05-05 Christopher M. Joll
ABSTRACT This short article presents provisional findings that shed new light on both the cultural geography of Islam in Thailand, and northern extremities of the Malay world. An analysis of mosques officially registered in Thailand reveals that 10% are located in Central Thailand. Half of these are part of metropolitan Bangkok, and 74% of these are concentrated on its eastern districts along the Saen
-
Biopolitics of Invulnerability Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2022-05-04 Gabriel Facal
ABSTRACT In the course of their nation building, most Southeast Asian countries worked among other things on setting governmental policies on their respective highly developed martial arts practice groups. These groups relate to diverse structures: initiation communities, security agencies, militia organisations. The Southeast Asian governments strove to standardise the martial practice, to ‘sportivise’
-
Javanese Mosaic Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2022-03-10 Tomasz Ewertowski
ABSTRACT This article attempts to analyse some images of Java in Polish travel writings from the second half of the 19th century in a comparative framework, and linking the various aspects of representations of the island with the respective travellers’ background, social and intellectual trends of the epoch, and literary conventions. This approach is based on concepts of imagology, habitus and comparative
-
Thinking through the s(k)in Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2022-01-02 Terje Toomistu
-
Who are the allies of queer Muslims? Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2022-01-02 Diego García Rodríguez
-
‘There’s no place for us here’ Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2022-01-02 Ben Murtagh
-
Situating anti-LGBT moral panics in Indonesia Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2022-01-02 Diego García Rodríguez,Ben Murtagh
-
A Very Old Malay Islamic manuscript Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2021-09-30 Majid Daneshgar
ABSTRACT This work provides a carbon dating report of Or.7056 kept at Leiden University Library, a Persian anthology of poems with Malay interlinear translations found in Aceh. The common point raised in all former studies of this manuscript deals with its antiquity, which has the potential to increase our knowledge about Malay classical orthography, Malay familiarity with the Persian language and
-
English usage in the linguistic landscape of Balikpapan’s main Thoroughfares Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2021-08-12 Mannix Foster,Alistair Welsh
ABSTRACT Recognising the global prestige of English and its prominence in Indonesia, this study examines the linguistic landscape of roadside signage alongside main thoroughfares in the Indonesian city of Balikpapan, a provincial city of East Kalimantan, on the island of Borneo. We find that some signs are entirely in Indonesian, some are entirely in English and some combine both languages, while there
-
Practising Sunnah for reward of heaven in the afterlife Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2021-07-29 Yo Nonaka
ABSTRACT This article discusses the recent phenomenon of more women wearing a cadar (niqab) in Indonesia, particularly among relatively young, urban Muslim women. Although there has been quite a few studies about wearing the hijab and Islamic clothes in Indonesia, there remains a dearth of research on the wearing of a cadar. Most previous studies have discussed it as a practice that is distinctive
-
Malay manuscripts: a guide to paper and watermarks. The collected works of Russell Jones 1972–2015 Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2021-05-04 Farouk Yahya,Russell Jones
-
Maintaining and revitalising Balinese language in public space Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2021-04-19 I Wayan Mulyawan
ABSTRACT Kuta in Bali, is an over developed urban city, observed through the emergence of outdoor signs along the main streets. However, there were no local laws to regulate the use of local language in public spaces, which led to the marginalisation of the Balinese language. In 2018, Bali’s Governor Regulation no. 80/2018 was issued to regulate the use of languages in Bali, exclusively to maintain
-
The author of the Syair Perang Mengkasar Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2021-04-06 Henri Chambert-Loir
ABSTRACT The Syair Perang Mengkasar (The lay of the Makassar war) is one of the most famous works of Malay literature. Written in about 1670 in Makassar, Sulawesi, it is the first war syair and regarded as a model of the genre. The poem relates the war waged by VOC troops, assisted by several ‘Indonesian’ forces (Bugis, Buton, Ternate), against the army of Sultan Hasanuddin of Makassar, between 1666
-
Colonial informants and the Acehnese-Dutch war Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2021-01-02 Jajang A. Rohmana
ABSTRACT This article discusses the contribution of colonial informants during the Acehnese-Dutch war (1873–c.1912) in responding to Teuku Umar’s collaboration with the Dutch authorities. The object of this study is a collection of letters from the Chief Penghulu of Kutaraja (1893–1895), Haji Hasan Mustapa, to his colonial friend, C. Snouck Hurgronje. These letters are held at the Leiden University
-
Islamisation and the formation of vernacular Muslim material culture in 15th-century northern Sumatra Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2021-01-02 R. Michael Feener,Patrick Daly,E. Edwards McKinnon,Luca Lum En-Ci,Ardiansyah,Nizamuddin,Nazli Ismail,Tai Yew Seng,Jessica Rahardjo,Kerry Sieh
ABSTRACT This study presents a distinctive type of Muslim gravestone found on the northern coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, that dates to the 15th century. These grave markers, locally known as plang-pleng, provide evidence for the formation and disappearance of an early form of vernacular Muslim material culture in Southeast Asia. We documented over 200 of these gravestones during a large-scale archaeological
-
Lumbung nation: metaphors of food security in Indonesia Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 Graeme MacRae, Thomas Reuter
ABSTRACT Indonesian food security policy suffers from a fundamental internal contradiction – between neoliberal pressures towards more integration into the global market-based food system geared towards profit and an intractable residual belief in national self-sufficiency in staple foods. While this contradiction presents itself in technical and economic terms, it is fundamentally a matter of culture
-
Revisiting NU-Muhammadiyah in Indonesia Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 Muhammad Adlin Sila
ABSTRACT Previous empirical studies on Indonesia have supported the claim that the reformist movement of Muhammadiyah led to a decline in local culture. The popular call of the the reformist movements is that Muslims should return to a pristine Islam. However, little has been studied about how reformist Muslims accommodated local culture. In my field research employing ethnographic methodology, I found
-
Revelation and Misunderstanding Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 Geger Riyanto
ABSTRACT This article considers the millenarian disposition among the Buton of North Seram sub-district, Maluku. Particular focus is paid to how the Buton interpret their inclusion in indigenous cosmologies, given their current precarious and humiliating existence. In Maluku, the Buton have long been regarded as lower-class people, outsiders who are excluded from local cultural schematics and are both
-
Local lineages in Kerinci, Sumatra Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 C. W. Watson
ABSTRACT The district (kabupaten) of Kerinci lies on the western border of Jambi, neighbouring West Sumatra, and is now part of the province of Jambi. Previously it was incorporated into the Dutch colonial government’s province of Sumatra’s West Coast. Not knowing quite where to place Kerinci reflects an uncertainty as to which of its neighbours Kerinci, geographically isolated as it is, has the closest
-
The Complexity of Simplicity Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 Harry Aveling
The major Indonesian poet and scholar, Sapardi Djoko Damono, passed away on the morning of Sunday 19 July 2020 at the age of 80. Sapardi had a rich and complex life (see biographies by Bakdi Soeman...
-
Collecting honey from sialang trees Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2020-08-20 Sarwit Sarwono
ABSTRACT This article discusses two manuscripts from the Serawai region of Bengkulu province in southern Sumatra, written in Middle Malay in ulu script, concerning the collecting of honey from sialang trees. The nyialang ritual is the process of taking honey from bee hives built in sialang trees (Caesalpiniaceae) in the forest, led by an imam sialang or pawang sialang and assisted by four or five apprentices
-
Colonial Legality in Sumatra Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2020-08-14 Moritz Koenig
ABSTRACT The literature on the law of the colonial archipelago and the Malay-speaking world more broadly, has recently shown that colonial law was a highly fragile system, that was co-constructed by colonisers and colonised elites, and litigants. It has been convincingly argued that a variety of actors inside and outside colonial courts as well as multiple political discourses, contributed to the making
-
Raja Bersiong or the Fanged King Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2020-08-05 Tan Zi Hao
ABSTRACT Raja Bersiong, the Fanged King, is a cannibal monarch in the Kedah epic literature Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa (HMM). By looking closely into the character of Raja Bersiong, this article examines the underlying ambition of the Kedah Sultanate in commissioning the HMM as a rhetorical statement of power, presumably around the early 19th century. By the late 18th century, Siamese predation had
-
A place I could call my own Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2020-05-03 Collin Jerome
ABSTRACT This article explores the meanings of ‘home’ for queer Malays in Malaysia through an analysis of the central gay Malay male character in Azwan Ismail’s story, Tiada sesalan (No regrets). Drawing upon studies of home by feminist and queer geographers, the article examines the character’s notions of ‘home’ and how these notions are constructed across time and space. The findings show that ‘home’
-
Qur’anic readings and Malay translation in 18th-century Banten Qur’ans A.51 and W.277 Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2020-03-12 Ervan Nurtawab
ABSTRACT This article examines two copies of the Qur’an from 18th-century Banten held in the National Library of the Republic of Indonesia, A.51 and W.277, that contain interlinear Malay translations, focusing on two aspects, i.e. Qur’anic readings and Malay translations, to reveal Qur’anic pedagogical practices in the region. This article suggests that differences in the way a Qur’anic reading is
-
Rappers, Rajas, and borderless spaces Indonesia and the Malay World (IF 0.7) Pub Date : 2020-03-09 Manolete Mora
ABSTRACT This article examines the complex cultural identities of the newly formed Indonesian province of Kepri through an examination of a rap rendition of the revered poetry of the region’s most esteemed son, Raja Ali Haji (1808–1873). This rendition, ‘Gurindam dua belas’, by the Jogja Hip Hop Foundation was designed to inculcate an awareness of Malayness amongst the youth of Kepri and the Malay