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Effect of Differential Flow Blowing Argon and Nozzle Position on Mixing Time and Slag Eye in Dual Nozzle Ladle Using Water Model Experiment Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Ning Wang, Zhongqiu Liu, Baokuan Li, Deyue Qin, Jiaqi Zhao, Jianchao Ma
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New Understanding on Relationship Between RTD Curve and Inclusion Behavior in the Tundish Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Changyou Ding, Hong Lei, Han Zhang, Yuanyou Xiao, Yan Zhao, Zongshu Zou
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Crystallization Behavior, Viscosity and Structure of CaO–SiO2–MgO–(15~30 Mass Pct) Al2O3 Melts Representing the Oxide Inclusions in Si-Killed Steel Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-22 Yujing Liang, Chengbin Shi, Tae-Min Yeo, Jung-Wook Cho, Jing Li
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Numerical Simulation of Transient Flow and Heat Transfer in a Steel Ladle During Holding Period Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 Haojian Duan, Caide Huang, Lifeng Zhang
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Efficient Extraction of Ni, Cu and Co from Mixed Oxide–Sulfide Nickel Concentrate by Sodium Chloride Roasting: Behavior, Mechanism and Kinetics Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Peng Zhong, Wenning Mu, Weisong Sun, Yuanhang Zhou, Ruimin Yang, Qing Wang, Xuefei Lei, Shaohua Luo
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Preparation of Tungsten Carbide Powder by In Situ Electrolysis Utilizing Self-Consuming Graphite Anode Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Yaoyao Wang, Xiaoli Xi, Liwen Zhang, Zuoren Nie
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Reduction of Metallurgical Slags Using Sunflower Pellets Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Szymon Ptak, Tomasz Matuła, Leszek Blacha, Jerzy Łabaj, Albert Smalcerz, Marzena Półka
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Atomic-Scale Investigation on the Formation of MgAl2O4–MnS Inclusions in 304 Stainless Steel Based on Multi-scale Characterization and First-Principle Calculation Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Qian Meng, Xiaopei Guo, Mingfeng Shao, Min Tan, Tao Li, Liying Ju
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Immersion Depth Optimization of Single Nozzle During Beam Blank Continuous Casting Based on Multiphysics Characteristics Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Zhiqiang Peng, Zibing Hou, Ping Tang, Hao Li
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Oxidation Weight Gain Model for Electrodes During Electroslag Remelting of Superalloy Inconel 718 Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Ximin Zang, Xiangxiang Xie, Wanming Li
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Evolution of Inclusions in AH32 Shipbuilding Steel Ingots Solidified Under Permanent Magnet Stirring with Different Magnetic Flux Densities Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Xiaolei Zhu, Xiangwei Liao, Congkang Li, Chunlin Peng, Jianfei Peng, Ligang Liu, Jie Zeng
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Entrained Defects in A356 Semisolid Slurry Produced by RSF and CSC Processes Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-05
Abstract Semisolid slurry is highly important in rheocasting. In the majority of semisolid slurry preparation methods, the melt is subjected to intensive stirring. In the present study, experiments, simulations, SEM, X-ray computed tomography, and Weibull statistical analysis were used to demonstrate whether intensive stirring would produce casting defects in a semisolid slurry. Rapid slurry forming
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Influence of Li2O and Na2O on Viscosity, Crystallization and Microstructure of High TiO2-Containing Mold Slags Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-03
Abstract In the current study, the influence of Li2O and Na2O on the viscosity, crystallization, and structure of the high TiO2-containing mold slag for the continuous casting of high-Ti steel was investigated to improve the property of the CaO–SiO2–TiO2-based slag under the steel-slag reaction through the measurement of the viscosity-temperature relationship, crystallization temperature and phases
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Understanding Element Transfer Behaviors of CaF2–TiO2 Flux-Cored Wires Under High Heat Input Electro-Gas Welding Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Xu Xie, Xiaodong Zou, Ming Zhong, Somnath Basu, Cong Wang
CaF2–TiO2 fluxes are designed and applied into flux-cored wires suitable for high heat input electro-gas welding of EH36 shipbuilding steel. It has been demonstrated that decomposing CO2 and TiO2 caused by arc synergistically contributes O and Ti gains in the weld pool, while more SiO2 and MnO formation at the slag-metal interface induces the loss of Si (from − 0.012 to − 0.046 wt pct) and Mn (from
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Kinetics of Deoxidation of the Molten Blister Copper by Bubbling a Carbon Monoxide and Argon Gas Mixture Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-03
Abstract A kinetic study was investigated the deoxidation of molten blister copper by bubbling an Ar–CO gas mixture through a submerged nozzle at 1,473 K. The effects of CO gas partial pressure and total gas flow rate were thoroughly investigated. The deoxidation rate increased with the CO partial pressure and total gas flow rate. Furthermore, a mathematical model of the mass transfer rate of reactants
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Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Oxide–Sulfide Complex Inclusions in High-Speed Railway Wheel Steel Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Daohua Bao, Guoguang Cheng, Jinwen Zhang, Zhixiang Wang, Wei Li, Yao Li, Tao Zhang
The deleterious effects of brittle and rigid oxides on the quality of high-speed railway wheel steel can be mitigated by wrapping the oxides with sulfides. The investigation reveals the presence of three types of oxide–sulfide complex inclusions in the continuous casting billet. Type 1 possesses a core oxide with high CaO content, and its shell sulfide predominantly comprises CaS. Type 2 presents a
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Revealing the Influential Mechanism of the Direct Current on Columnar-to-Equiaxed Transition in Directionally Solidified Al–15Sn–1Cu Alloy Under 10 T Magnetic Field Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-02
Abstract The effect of the direct current (DC) on the solidification structure in the directional solidification of Al–15Sn–1Cu alloy under 10 T magnetic field was investigated experimentally and numerically. The experimental results show that coarse columnar grains are observed when no DC is applied. However, the microstructure transforms from columnar dendrites to irregular dendrites, and the columnar-to-equiaxed
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Numerical Study on Metallurgical Effect of Filtering Weir with Multi-stepped Orifices in Tundish Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-02
Abstract Herein, a novel filtering weir with multi-stepped orifices is proposed to solve the problem of ineffective removal of small inclusions with traditional flow control devices in tundishes. Without changing the installation position, three types of novel filtering weir were designed. The flow and heat transfer behavior, wall shear distribution of the weir and dam, and removal rate of inclusions
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Phosphorus Removal Properties of the Fe–C–Si–Mn–P–S Metallic Melts Based on the Atom–Molecule Coexistence Theory: Mutual Verification by Industrial and Laboratorial Experiments Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-01
Abstract In order to quantify the reaction ability of phosphorus containing compounds in iron-based alloys such as hot metal or molten steel, and accurately evaluate their phosphorus removal degree, a thermodynamic prediction model for scientifically characterizing the reaction ability of structural units in the Fe–C–Mn–Si–P–S metallic melts has been established based on the Atom–Molecule Coexistence
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Impact on Physical Properties of Chloroaluminate Species Distribution in 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (EMIC)–Aluminum Chloride (AlCl3) System Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-01
Abstract The chloroaluminate species distribution of the EMIC–AlCl3 system was modeled using thermodynamic data in temperatures ranging from 90 °C to 110 °C and 0 to 1 mole fraction of AlCl3. A thermodynamic model was developed considering the activity (ai) of species and equilibrium constant (K) for the polymeric reactions. The model species distribution results were compared with the available literature
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Flow Characteristic of Supersonic Jet Related to O2–CO2 Mixing Injection Method Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Jiangshun Wu, Fuhai Liu, Guangsheng Wei, Kai Dong, Rong Zhu, Chao Feng
The O2–CO2 mixing injection method was proposed to mitigate CO2 emissions and enhance the CO content in flue gas during the BOF steelmaking process. Despite the reported advantages of the O2–CO2 mixing injection method, limited research existed regarding the impact of Laval nozzle structures designed by various CO2 mixing rates on the flow characteristics of supersonic mixing jets. In this research
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In Situ Observation of the Dissolution, Collision, and Aggregation Behavior of Nitride Inclusions in GH4169 Nickel-Based Superalloy Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Tiantian Wang, Shufeng Yang, Wei Liu, Jingshe Li, Hui Xue, Nan Li
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Electrochemical Behavior of Si(IV) and the Preparation of WSi2 Alloys in Molten CaO–SiO2–CaF2 Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Liqi Zhang, Xu Zhang, Bowen Huang, Yusheng Yang, Zengwu Zhao
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Efficient Vanadium Extraction from Vanadium Slag by Roasting-Free Assisted Acid Leaching: Pure Oxygen Oxidation of Molten Vanadium Slag Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Han Yang, Yan Liu, Ting-an Zhang, Shengnan Lin, Kun Wang
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Numerical Simulation of Melt Flow, Heat Transfer and Solidification in Final Solidification Zone of Bloom Continuous Casting with Vertical Linear Electromagnetic Stirring Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-11
Abstract In this study, a novel technique of Vertical Linear Electromagnetic Stirring (V-LEMS) was proposed and applied in the final solidification zone of the 260 mm × 300 mm GCr15 bearing steel continuous casting (CC) bloom. The effects of V-LEMS on melt flow, heat transfer, and solidification have been investigated by establishing a three-dimensional numerical simulation model. The results demonstrate
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Real-Time Force Prediction Model of Blooms in the Reduction Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Xing Xia, Cheng Ji, Miaoyong Zhu
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Detachment of a Soluble Particle at the Slag-Argon Interface: CFD Study and Experimental Observations Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Xiaomeng Zhang, Susanne Michelic, Stefan Pirker, Mahdi Saeedipour
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Effect of Cerium Element on Non-metallic Inclusions Formation During Molten and Solidification Processes of Q355 Microalloy Structural Steel Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Bo Zhao, Wei Wu, Feng Yang, Jiaqing Zeng, Zhigang Liang, Jianzhong He
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Evolution of Inclusions and Their Statistics in Low-Carbon Aluminum-Killed (LCAK) Steel Treated with Mischmetal Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Nachiketa Yadav, Gour Gopal Roy
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Discriminating the Fe Peak in Al-Killed Steel Specimens Using an Energy Dispersive Spectrometer: From Matrix or from Oxide Inclusions? Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Yong-Min Cho, Petrus Christiaan Pistorius, Youn-Bae Kang
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Effect of TiO2 Addition on the Viscosity of Ladle Refining Slags Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-08
Abstract In order to understand the effect of TiO2 on the viscosity of ladle refining slags, the viscosity of CaO-SiO2-30pct Al2O3-5pct MgO-TiO2 refining slag system was measured in laboratory, and the activation energy of the viscous flow was calculated. FTIR and Raman were also used to analyze the change of slag structures. The results show that with the increase of TiO2 content (0 to 10 pct) in
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On Sc Addition in A206 Alloy: The Formation of W-AlCuSc Phase and Its Strength-Weakening Effect in Sand Castings Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-08
Abstract Scandium (Sc) is attracting attention in aerospace and special-vehicle industries due to its potential benefits, but research on the effect of Sc addition on the phase formation and mechanical properties of Al-Cu casting alloys (i.e., 2xx.x series) have been conflicting. To explore the potential of Sc in the Al casting industry, Al-Cu-based A206 alloys with different Sc contents were used
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Tribological Behavior and Residual Stresses of Gas Tungsten Arc Welded Dissimilar Joint of sDSS 2507/X-70 Pipeline Steel Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Anup Kumar Maurya, Waris Nawaz Khan, Amar Patnaik, Shailesh M. Pandey, Rahul Chhibber, Chandan Pandey
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Online Supervisory System for In-Process Optimization of Calcium Additions by Continuously Monitoring the State of Non-metallic Inclusions Inside Low-Alloyed Liquid Steels Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Sudhanshu Kuthe, Roman Rössler, Andrey Karasev, Björn Glaser
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Modification Mechanism of Ce-Treatment on Inclusions in High-Al Ferritic Steel Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Jinrui Liu, Shuhao Guo, Rudong Wang, Zhendong Wang, Heng Cui
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Prediction Model of Liquid Level Fluctuation in Continuous Casting Mold Based on GA-CNN Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Yibo He, Hualun Zhou, Bingqian Zhang, Hui Guo, Binzhao Li, Tao Zhang, Kun Yang, Yihong Li
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First-Principles Calculations of Formation Pathways for Ce2Si2O7 Oxide Particles at High Temperatures Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Mei He, Yutang Li, Junjie Zeng, Linzhu Wang, Chaoyi Chen, Junqi Li, Xiang Li
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Oxidation Kinetics and Mechanism of Boron in Metallurgical-Grade Silicon Melt by Oxidizing Refining Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Qiliang Wang, Naiyong He, Jijun Wu, Kuixian Wei, Wenhui Ma
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Fabrication of Refractory Intermetallic Cr2Ta by Reducing Metal Oxides with Calcium Hydride Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 S. Yudin, S. Volodko, A. Guryanov, A. Kasimtsev, T. Sviridova, I. Alimov, S. Kuzovchikov, A. Kondratiev, A. Korotitskiy, D. Moskovskikh
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Titanium Carbides Precipitation Characteristics and Influence on Hot Ductility in 0.37 pct Ti–Mo Slab During Continuous Casting Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Tianci Chen, Cheng Ji, Yang Liu, Miaoyong Zhu
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Molecular Dynamics Study on the Effect of Nb for the Carbon Segregation Behavior Under High Temperature Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Jingqi Wang, Ligen Sun, Jingyi Zhou, Xiaokai Pang, Huirong Li, Liguang Zhu
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Nucleation Mechanism of TiS in Al/Ti Simultaneously Deoxidized Steel based on Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Modes Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Yuanyou Xiao, Lei Cao, Xinghu Yuan, Guocheng Wang, Ximin Zang
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Effect of Alumina on Copper Smelting of Fayalite-Based Slag System Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Bo Tian, Yonggang Wei, Shiwei Zhou, Bo Li
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Viscosity and Structure Studies of Iron-Based Quaternary Melts: The Effect of Silicon Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Xiaoyue Fan, Shanchao Gao, Jianliang Zhang
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Deformation Transmission Mechanism in Reduction Process During Steel Casting and Its Impact on Density Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Chaojie Zhang, Yi Nian, Liqiang Zhang, Hongwei Zhou, Naqash Ali, Fuhui Shen
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Prediction on the Composition Distribution of Oxide Inclusions in a Tire Cord Steel Billet Using an Integrated Model Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-04
Abstract An integrated model was proposed in the current study to predict the composition distribution of inclusions along the thickness of a tire cord steel continuous casting billet. The thermodynamics, kinetics, fluid flow, heat transfer, solidification, and element segregation were combined in the integrated model. More accurate results were obtained using the current model compared with the published
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Numerical Investigation of Gas and Slag Flow in the Packed Bed Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 X. F. Dong, A. Jayasekara, D. Sert, R. Ferreira, P. Gardin, S. J. Chew, D. Pinson, B. J. Monaghan, P. Zulli
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Multimodel Predictions on Converter Raw Material Addition Under GRNN Optimization: A Comparative Study Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Jianhao Wang, Qing Fang, Wanjun Zhu, Tengfei Yang, Jiahui Wang, Hua Zhang, Hongwei Ni
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Phase-Field Simulation of Solidification Evolution in Directed Energy Deposition Process of GH3536 Superalloys Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-02
Abstract Metal-based additive manufacturing methods is exerting a high degree of freedom to expand product design ideas and weaken manufacturing obstacles. However, the regulation of microstructure is still one of the challenges in constructing high-precision parts. The numerical simulation has excellent accuracy and economy in predicting the evolution of microstructure and was hence widely applied
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Effect of Nitrogen on Solidification Structure and Microsegregation of Electroslag Remelted 7Cr13 Steel Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Shou-Hui Li, Jing Li, Cheng-Bin Shi, Jixiang Pan, Chang Sun, Shuang Zhu, Haixia Wei, Zhaoguo Li
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Tailoring of the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High Nitrogen Steel Repaired by Underwater Laser Direct Metal Deposition Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Kun Yang, Mingzhi Chen, Kai Zhao, Zhiyuan Jia, Zhandong Wang, Rongsheng Lu, Guifang Sun
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A Homogenization Technology for Heavy Ingots: Hot-Top Pulsed Magneto-Oscillation Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-29
Abstract We scaled up a previously developed method, known as Hot-top Pulsed Magneto-Oscillation (HPMO), to minimize crack, shrinkage-cavity, and macrosegregation in large ingots. Simulations on electromagnetic field, flow field, and temperature field revealed that an HPMO-induced electromagnetic field forces circulation of liquid steel near the riser, which causes grain nuclei and free grains to fall
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Effect of Superheat on the Initial Solidification Behaviors of 3.5 wt pct Si Non-oriented Electrical Steel During Strip Casting Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Lulu Song, Wanlin Wang, Qingxiao Feng, Xueying Lyu, Yunli Zhang, Jingzhou Lu, Liguang Liang, Jie Zeng, Chenyang Zhu
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Pressure Behaviors and Isothermal Kinetics of Magnesiothermic Reduction of Titanium Tetrachloride in a Semi-batch Reactor Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Wenhao Wang, Fuzhong Wu
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Numerical Understanding on Penetration and Corrosion Behavior of CaO–Al2O3–MeO Slag to Al2O3–MgO Refractory Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Chang Liu, Guangmei Yang, Chong Tan, Guangqiang Li, Wen Yan, Zhanmin Wang, Qiang Wang
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Effect of Cu/Li Ratio on Porosity and Microstructural Evolution of Gravity and Squeeze-Cast Al–Cu–Li Alloys Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 S. Manojkumar, Ashish Kumar Agarwal, Tushar Roy, K. K. Mehta
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Numerical Simulation of Droplet Splashing Behavior in Steelmaking Converter Based on VOF-to-DPM Hybrid Model and AMR Technique Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-28
Abstract Droplet splashing behavior caused by the top blowing supersonic jets impacting the liquid metal surface significantly affects the decarburization efficiency and refractory erosion during the basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelmaking process. However, simulating the mass and size of splashing droplets is challenging because the droplet size differs by multiple orders of magnitude from the molten
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A Three-Dimensional Multiphysics Coupled Model of Melting and Rotation of the Electrode During Electroslag Remelting Process Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-28
Abstract A transient three-dimensional (3D) coupled model is developed to investigate the melting and rotation of the solid electrode during the electroslag remelting (ESR) process. The large eddy simulation (LES) method is utilized to model the multiphase flow. The slag/metal interface is precisely tracked utilizing the volume of fluid (VOF) approach with an adaptive mesh refinement strategy. The
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In Situ Observation and Growth Kinetics of Primary and Eutectic Structures in a Hypereutectic Cu–Ti Alloy Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-28
Abstract A typical hypereutectic Cu–Ti alloy has been prepared via the liquid-solid reaction approach. It is revealed that the ensuing bulky Cu–61 at. pct Ti alloy is featured by the presence of primary CuTi2 and eutectic (CuTi + CuTi2) structures. Furthermore, by utilizing confocal scanning laser microscope (CSLM), for the first time, the solidification process of Cu–Ti alloys has been documented
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Modeling of Solidification Process and Investigation of Heat Transfer Mechanisms in Micron-Sized Spherical Cu Particles Metall. Mater. Trans. B. (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Pengyu Li, Sifan Tang, Yixin Yue, Man Yao, Xudong Wang, Wei Dong