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Value Judgments in Mathematics: G. H. Hardy and the (Non-)seriousness of Mathematical Theorems Axiomathes Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Simon Weisgerber
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Scientific Realism from a Polysystemic View of Physical Theories and their Functioning Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-11-09 Alexander M. Gabovich, Vladimir Kuznetsov
One of the vividly discussed topics in the contemporary philosophy of science (especially physics) is the opposition between Realism and Anti-Realism. The supporters of the first way of thinking trust in the objective existence of realities studied by science. They consider theories as approximate descriptions of these realities (Psillos 1999, xvii), whereas their opponents do not. However, both sides
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Scientific Realism from a Polysystemic View of Physical Theories and Their Functioning Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-11-09 Alexander M. Gabovich, Vladimir I. Kuznetsov
One of the vividly discussed topics in the contemporary philosophy of science (especially physics) is the opposition between Realism and Anti-Realism. The supporters of the first way of thinking trust in the objective existence of realities studied by science, whereas their opponents do not. However, both sides base their argumentation on simplified notions of scientific theories. In this paper, we
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Central Themes and Open Questions in the Philosophy of Computer Science Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Nicola Angius, John Symons
This paper introduces the Global Philosophy symposium on Giuseppe Primiero’s book On the Foundations of Computing (2020). The collection gathers commentaries and responses of the author with the aim of engaging with some open questions in the philosophy of computer science. Firstly, this paper introduces the central themes addressed in Primiero’s book; secondly, it highlights some of the main critiques
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Epistemological Realism and Cognitive Science Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-10-17 Vladislav A. Lektorsky
The author shows that the conception of epistemological realism as a contemporary variant of epistemological realism continues the realism tradition and at the same time takes into account some constructivist ideas, giving them a new interpretation. Constructive realism can be a fruitful strategy in cognitive studies, as it gives a philosophical interpretation of the current popular approach in cognitive
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Mainstream Science and African Worldview: A Plea for Diversity Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-10-17 Husein Inusah, Maxwell Omaboe
Some notable scholars argue that traditional African worldview is a backward-looking belief system that proves to be irreconcilable with mainstream science. The contention is such that unlike the principles of mainstream science which demystifies our understanding of the universe through the search for discoverable laws of nature, traditional African worldview rather mystifies the nature of our universe
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Learning to Live with a Circle: Reflective Equilibrium and the Received View of the Scientific Realism Debate Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-10-10 Kosmas Brousalis, Stathis Psillos
The Scientific Realism Debate (SRD) has been accused of going around in circles without reaching a consensus, so that several scholars have advocated its dissolution in favor of reformed projects that are eliminativist towards the distinctively philosophical aims and methods. In this paper, after outlining the project that SRD-participants have been involved in for some time now—which we call the Received
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Epistemological Implications of Perceptual Pluralism Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-10-06 Themistoklis Pantazakos
Perceptual systems that integrate different principles and/or a different architecture at large may produce substantially varied outputs from the same scene. I call this thesis perceptual pluralism and I bring related empirical evidence to bear on the epistemological debate on perception. I argue that perceptual pluralism, coupled with the position that at least some different kinds of perception are
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Convergences and Divergences Between the “new realism” and the Realism of Evandro Agazzi Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-08-29 Carlos-Adolfo Rengifo-Castañeda
The objective of this paper is to analyze the convergences and divergences between two conceptions of realism: Markus Gabriel’s “new realism” and Evandro Agazzi’s realism. Firstly, the main theses behind “new realism” will be presented, drawing on Gabriel’s text ‘Why the World Does Not Exist’ (2015), originally published in German as Warum es die Welt nicht gibt in 2013. Secondly, the constitutive
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Emergence, Continuity, and Scientific Realism Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-08-29 Dennis Dieks
Scientific realism postulates that science aims for truth in both the domains of the observable and the unobservable, and is capable of achieving this aim, at least approximately. From the realist perspective our current scientific theories are on the right path to their aim, encapsulating a significant degree of theoretical truth. A key argument supporting this viewpoint is the continuity observed
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Categorical Abstractions of Molecular Structures of Biological Objects: A Case Study of Nucleic Acids Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-08-17 Jinyeong Gim
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How to Account for the Falsehood of an Affirmative Proposition and the Truth of a Negative Proposition Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-08-13 Bo Chen
There are two versions of the correspondence theory of truth: the object-based correspondence theory and the fact-based correspondence theory. Some scholars have put forward their objections to my rejection of the concept of a fact and their defence of that concept. But their arguments are not cogent, since they haven’t clarified the relation between facts and propositions, haven’t successfully argued
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Revisiting, Synthesizing, and Critiquing Searle on Social Construction Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-08-11 Abigail Klassen
The main goal of this paper is to revisit, synthesize, and critique John R. Searle’s thinking over time concerning social ontology and what it means for something to be a social construction. Primarily, I undertake this task by elucidating and problematizing aspects of John R. Searle’s The Construction of Social Reality (herein, CSR) (1995), though attention is paid to his later and corollary works
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Recalcitrant Disagreement in Mathematics: An “Endless and Depressing Controversy” in the History of Italian Algebraic Geometry Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-08-07 Silvia De Toffoli, Claudio Fontanari
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Why do we Need Norm Sensitive Design? A WEIRD Critique of Value Sensitive Approaches to Design Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-08-07 Diana Adela Martin, Rockwell F. Clancy, Qin Zhu, Gunter Bombaerts
The article argues that mainstream value-sensitive approaches to design have been based on narrow understandings of personhood and social dynamics, which are biased toward Western Educated Industrialized Rich and Democratic cultures and contradicted by empirical evidence. To respond to this weakness, the article suggests that design may benefit from focusing on user behaviours from the joint perspective
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Blockchain Civitas Dei and Civitas Terrena: Governance Experiments as a Problem of ‘Frontier Epistemology’ and ‘Heuristic Appraisal’ Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-08-07 Denisa Reshef Kera, Joshua Ellul, Diego Fernando Bernard Francia
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On the Foundations of Computing: Limits and Open Issues Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-07-17 Giuseppe Primiero
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Neutrality, Ecofeminist Theory, and the Mathematical Analysis of Partisan Gerrymandering Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-06-09 Benjamin Braun
Mathematics is often positioned as either neutral or non-neutral by mathematicians. However, in practice, issues of neutrality arise in situated contexts, and the positioning of mathematics as either neutral or non-neutral is done for many purposes. We interpret positioning of mathematical work, with different degrees of neutrality, as a response to conflicts of interest and power dynamics. Using a
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Formalization of Mathematical Proof Practice Through an Argumentation-Based Model Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-06-08 Sofia Almpani, Petros Stefaneas, Ioannis Vandoulakis
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A Debate in Need of Change Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-05-04 Jan Faye
This paper discusses the realism-antirealism problem in philosophy of science and the stalemate we see with respect to solving this problem. The thesis is that both realism and antirealism rest on a priori arguments, which the other part does not accept. The suggested solution is to avoid a priori arguments and focus on epistemic naturalism, which embraces theories about human cognitive evolution and
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Accepting Organizational Theories Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-04-21 Herman Aksom
In this paper we aim to contribute to the recent debate on non-empirical theory confirmation by analyzing why scientists accept and trust their theories in the absence of clear empirical verification in social sciences. Given that the philosophy of social sciences traditionally deals mainly with economics and sociology, organization theory promises a new area for addressing a wide range of key questions
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Mathematical Explanation: Epistemic Aims and Diverging Assessments Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-04-07 Joachim Frans, Bart Van Kerkhove
Mathematicians suggest that some proofs are valued for their explanatory value. This has led to a philosophical debate about the distinction between explanatory and non-explanatory proofs. In this paper, we explore whether contrasting views about the explanatory value of proof are possible and how to understand these diverging assessments. By considering an epistemic and contextual conception of explanation
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Structural Realism and Agnosticism about Objects Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-03-29 Jared Hanson-Park
Among scientific realists and anti-realists, there is a well-known, perennial dispute about the reality and knowability of unobservable objects. This dispute is also present among structural realists, who all agree that science gives us genuine knowledge of structure at the unobservable level (however that structure may be understood). Ontic structural realists reduce or eliminate the ontological role
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Political Poverty, Justice, and Citizenship Education Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-03-11 Raṣit Çelik
Poverty is a fundamental problem of contemporary societies including both developed and developing democracies. Although the literature on poverty is heavy concentrated on the material well-being of individuals and societies, some other aspects of poverty are to be considered as significant for democratic societies, especially for the discussions of justice and democratic order. In this regard, this
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Why Philosophy Makes No Progress Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-03-09 Eric Dietrich
This paper offers an explanation for why some parts of philosophy have made no progress. Philosophy has made no progress because it cannot make progress. And it cannot because of the nature of the phenomena philosophy is tasked with explaining—all of it involves consciousness. Here, it will not be argued directly that consciousness is intractable. Rather, it will be shown that a specific version of
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Attention as Practice Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-02-26 Gunter Bombaerts, Joel Anderson, Matthew Dennis, Alessio Gerola, Lily Frank, Tom Hannes, Jeroen Hopster, Lavinia Marin, Andreas Spahn
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Can the Epistemic Basing Relation be a Brain Process? Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-02-26 Dwayne Moore
There is a difference between having reasons for believing and believing for reasons. This difference is often fleshed out via an epistemic basing relation, where an epistemic basing relation obtains between beliefs and the actual reasons for which those beliefs are held. The precise nature of the basing relation is subject to much controversy, and one such underdeveloped issue is whether beliefs can
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Should Type Theory Replace Set Theory as the Foundation of Mathematics? Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-02-13 Thorsten Altenkirch
Mathematicians often consider Zermelo-Fraenkel Set Theory with Choice (ZFC) as the only foundation of Mathematics, and frequently don’t actually want to think much about foundations. We argue here that modern Type Theory, i.e. Homotopy Type Theory (HoTT), is a preferable and should be considered as an alternative.
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The Liar Paradox: A Case of Mistaken Truth Attribution Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-02-13 Jasper Doomen
A semantic solution to the liar paradox (“This statement is not true”) is presented in this article. Since the liar paradox seems to evince a contradiction, the principle of non-contradiction is preliminarily discussed, in order to determine whether dismissing this principle may be reason enough to stop considering the liar paradox a problem. No conclusive outcome with respect to the value of this
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How You Play the Game: Kantian Ethics in Non-ideal Conditions Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-02-15 Iris Spoor
In “Compliance, Complicity, and the Nature of Nonideal Conditions” (2003), Tamar Schapiro suggests a framework that deontological theories might use to mitigate the stringency of the moral law in certain cases. This framework depends on a crucial distinction between two forms of non-compliance: transgression and subversion. Schapiro considers several possibilities for cases of subversive non-compliance
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Davidsonian Metasemantics and Radical Interpretation Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-02-13 Maciej Tarnowski
In the current debate on the metaphysical grounding of semantic properties Donald Davidson is usually taken to represent interpretationism, a stance according to which the meaning of expressions is metaphysically grounded by the process of assigning them semantic values which maximize certain parameters such as truth or rationality of the speaker. This stance is often contrasted with productivism,
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Composition as Identity and the Logical Roots of Leibniz’s Nominalism Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-02-13 Filippo Costantini
The paper deals with Leibniz’s ontology and the metaphysics of the aggregate. Concerning the ontology of aggregates, the main aim is to provide a new argument in favor of the claim that an aggregate and its constituents have the same ontological import. This argument takes the form of a weakening of a principle known in the contemporary literature of mereology as ‘composition as identity’ (CAI). The
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Implementing a Computing System: A Pluralistic Approach Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-02-13 Syed AbuMusab
In chapter eleven of "On The Foundation of Computing," Primiero takes on the implementation debate in computer science. He contrasts his theory with two other views—the Semantic and the specification—artifact. In this paper, I argue that there is a way to fine-tune the implementation concept further. Firstly, contrary to Primiero, I claim it is problematic to separate the implementation relationship
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Domain Restrictions in the Aggregation of Classifications Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-01-31 John Craven
The possibility of domain restrictions that allow the consistent use of majority-based aggregators for rankings of objects has been widely explored. This paper extends this exploration to structures in which equivalence relations or classifications are aggregated, and shows that there is very limited scope for such restrictions in the binary structure of Mirkin and in the unary structure of Maniquet
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Deep Disagreement in Mathematics Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-02-01 Andrew Aberdein
Disagreements that resist rational resolution, often termed “deep disagreements”, have been the focus of much work in epistemology and informal logic. In this paper, I argue that they also deserve the attention of philosophers of mathematics. I link the question of whether there can be deep disagreements in mathematics to a more familiar debate over whether there can be revolutions in mathematics.
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On the Foundations of Computing. Computing as the Fourth Great Domain of Science Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-01-31 Gordana Dodig-Crnkovic
This review essay analyzes the book by Giuseppe Primiero, On the foundations of computing. Oxford: Oxford University Press (ISBN 978-0-19-883564-6/hbk; 978-0-19-883565-3/pbk). xix, 296 p. (2020). It gives a critical view from the perspective of physical computing as a foundation of computing and argues that the neglected pillar of material computation (Stepney) should be brought centerstage and computing
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Rejection, Disagreement, Controversy and Acceptance in Mathematical Practice: Episodes in the Social Construction of Infinity Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-01-31 Paul Ernest
The concept of infinity has a long and troubled history. Thus it is a promising concept with which to explore rejection, disagreement, controversy and acceptance in mathematical practice. This paper briefly considers four cases from the history of infinity, drawing on social constructionism as the background social theory. The unit of analysis of social constructionism is conversation. This is the
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Reichenbach’s ‘Causal’ Theory of Time: A Re-assessment Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-01-31 Friedel Weinert
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Do Imaginings have a Goal? Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-01-24 Marcus William Hunt
The paper investigates whether imaginative states about propositions can be assessed in terms of fittingness (also known as correctness, appropriateness, aptness). After characterizing propositional imaginings and explaining the idea of fittingness, I present some considerations in favour of the no conditions view: imagining seems to be the sort of action that cannot be done unfittingly, and imaginings
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Empirical Concepts: Their Meaning and its Emergence Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-01-24 Hans Radder
This article presents a detailed, novel account of the emergence of (the meaning of) empirical concepts. Acquiring experience and empirical concepts is shown to be the result of multifaceted, cognitive processes, which require both material realization and conceptual interpretation. Generally speaking, the meaning of empirical concepts consists of several distinct components, but it includes at least
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The Citadel Itself: Defending Semantic Internalism Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-01-24 Elliot Murphy
Semantic internalism is the view that linguistic meaning amounts to forms of conceptual instructions, and that the process of forming linguistic representations does not involve reference to extra-mental entities. Contemporary philosophy of language remains predominantly externalist in focus, having developed systems of extensional reference which depart from classical rationalist assumptions. Semantic
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Temporal Omniscience, Free will, and Their Logic Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-01-24 Lifeng Zhang
Taking divine omniscience as including temporal omniscience, which means God exists at all times and knows everything, I point out the fallacies in an incompatibilist argument. Syntactically, due to misapplication of the principle of substitutivity, this incompatibilist argument isn’t valid. Semantically, due to cancelation of a supposition on which God’s earlier belief depends, an agent’s alternative
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Primiero on Physical Computation Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-01-24 André Curtis-Trudel
This note discusses the account of physical computation offered in Part II of Primiero’s On the Foundations of Computing. Although there is much to find attractive about the account, I argue that the account is obscure at certain crucial junctures and that it does not supply a wholly satisfactory account of miscomputation. I close by considering whether the engineering foundation of computing requires
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Causes Versus Background Conditions: A Double Negation Account Axiomathes Pub Date : 2023-01-14 Michele Paolini Paoletti
I shall present in this article a double negation account of the distinction between causes and background conditions. Such an account will be based on the idea that, unlike causes, background conditions allow for certain effects by way of double prevention. In Sect. 1 I shall introduce objective and non-objective theories of the causes-background conditions distinction and I shall discuss and reject
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Correction: Muslim Philosophers on Affirmative Judgement with Negative Predicate Axiomathes Pub Date : 2022-12-22 Seyyed Mohammad Ali Hodjati
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Measuring the Agreement of Mathematical Peer Reviewers Axiomathes Pub Date : 2022-12-21 Benedikt Löwe
We investigate the possibility of arguing for or against the philosophical position that mathematics is an epistemic exception on the basis of agreement data from the mathematical peer review process and argue that Cohen’s \(\kappa \), the standard agreement measure used for inter-rater agreement, is unable to detect epistemic exceptionality from peer review data.
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On a Categorical Theory for Emergence Axiomathes Pub Date : 2022-12-18 Giuliano G. La Guardia, Pedro Jeferson Miranda
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Natural-Language Predicates as Relations of the Relational Model of Data Axiomathes Pub Date : 2022-12-03 Olga Poller
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On the Experimental Foundation of Computing Axiomathes Pub Date : 2022-11-21 Nicola Angius
This paper offers a review of Giuseppe Primero’s (2020) book “On the foundations of computing”. Mathematical, engineering, and experimental foundations of the science of computing are examined under the light of the notions of formal, physical, and experimental computational validity provided by the author. It is challenged the thesis that experimental computational validity can be defined only for
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Sosa’s AAA Model and Epistemic Double Effects Axiomathes Pub Date : 2022-11-14 Antonio Manuel Liz Gutiérrez
There are many important connections between epistemic justification and moral justification. A recent example of such connections is offered by Sosa’s AAA model for the normative evaluation of epistemic performances. In order to count as knowledge, a belief has to be Accurate in attaining the truth, the subject has to be Adroit or competent for such task, and the belief has to be Apt in the sense
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Where’s the Body?: Victimhood as the Wrongmaker in Abortion Axiomathes Pub Date : 2022-11-10 Jacob Derin
Much of the work in moral philosophy and the political debate on abortion has focused on when in human development personhood begins. In this article, using a variant of Derek Parfit’s view on personal identity, I instead frame the question as one of victimhood. I argue for what I call the Victim Requirement for the wrongness of killing–killing is wrong only if there is an identifiable victim. An identifiable
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Reconciling the Noema Debate Axiomathes Pub Date : 2022-11-07 Ilpo Hirvonen
One of the key concepts of Edmund Husserl’s transcendental phenomenology is the noema. Husserl uses the concept to denote the aspect of what is intended in experience as it remains within the transcendental domain of inquiry after the phenomenological reduction. Despite such seeming simplicity, Husserl’s discussion of the noema is ambiguous to the extent that it has sparked a wide-ranging debate in