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Life as Aftermath: Social Theory for an Age of Anthropogenic Biology Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Hannah Landecker
Anthropogenic pressures now shape the development, interrelations, and evolution of microbes, plants, animals, and humans. In an age of oxidative stress and failures of DNA repair, cytokine storms and microbial dysbiosis, social scientific theory stutters in the face of biological consequences of forces it masterfully detailed, from biopower to looping kinds. Concepts of the fallibility of knowledge
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Hydroelectric Chimeras and “Our” Mayan Rivers: De-inscribing Security in Guatemala Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Diane M. Nelson
This essay is written in the wake of Guatemala’s thirty-six-year civil war, grounded in the Cold War–Doctrine of National Security which understood Indigenous people as “internal enemy.” People who joined social movements were also seeking security: bodily integrity, land, a living wage. For Indigenous people, it was security to be who they are: speaking their languages, practicing their spirituality
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A Contested Script: Conjuring Security through Registration in Italy Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Enrico Gargiulo
This article aims to map out the various meanings of security entailed by the different uses and misuses of registration in Italy. As will emerge from this analysis, population registers have been employed either as tools for observing the population and its dynamics or, on the contrary, as devices for identifying its “deserving” members. By drawing this map, this article contributes to the analysis
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Laboratory Practices, Potentiality, and Material Patienthood in Genomic Cancer Medicine Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2023-05-04 Julia Swallow, Tineke Broer, Anne Kerr, Sarah Cunningham-Burley
Laboratory practitioners working in oncology are increasingly involved in implementing genomic medicine, operating at the intersection of the laboratory and the clinic. This includes molecular diag...
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Digitized Patients: Elaborative Tinkering and Knowledge Practices in the Open-source Type 1 Diabetes “Looper Community” Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2023-05-01 Bianca Jansky
In this article, I explore knowledge practices in increasingly digitized, data-driven, and personalized health-care settings by empirically focusing on the “looper community” in type 1 diabetes. Th...
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Making Futures by Freezing Life: Ambivalent Temporalities of Cryopreservation Practices Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2023-04-27 Veit Braun, Sara Lafuente-Funes, Thomas Lemke, Ruzana Liburkina
The preservation of biological matter at extremely low temperatures has gained increasing importance in a broad range of life science fields in recent years. Social and cultural studies of cryotech...
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Becoming a (Neuro)Migrant: Attachment, Early Stimulation, and the Government of the Future of Chile Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2023-04-10 Gabriel Abarca-Brown
The encounters between health institutions, practitioners, and Haitian and Dominican communities have triggered several frictions and conflicts in the public health system in Chile since 2010, espe...
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Tempting Luck: Temporalities and Risk Anticipation among Egg Donors in Spain Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2023-04-05 Anna Molas, Andrea Whittaker
Within the expanding bioeconomy of assisted reproduction, there are limitations to providing quality informed consent for egg donation when the long-term risks remain unknown. Based on ethnographic...
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The Performativity of AI-powered Event Detection: How AI Creates a Racialized Protest and Why Looking for Bias Is Not a Solution Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2023-03-27 Eleanor Drage, Federica Frabetti
This article builds a theoretical framework with which to confront the racializing capabilities of artificial intelligence (AI)-powered real-time Event Detection and Alert Creation (EDAC) software ...
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Human and Person When Life Is Fragile: New Relationships and Inherent Ambivalences in the Care of Dying Patients Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2023-03-20 Simon Cohn, Annelieke Driessen, Erica Borgstrom
In this paper, we focus on how medical staff care for people who are dying and on the increasing use of diverse technologies to ease the experience of dying. Because it is accepted patients cannot ...
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Self-updating Prophecies: An Inquiry into Imagining and Building Decentralized Sensor Networks Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2023-03-14 Andrés Domínguez Hernández
Recent years have seen remarkable efforts to decentralize the deployment of infrastructure for sensors and Internet of Things (IoT) applications using emerging low-power protocols. These arrangemen...
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The Role of Vitrification in Spanish Reproductive Labs: A Cryo-revolution Led by Strategic Freezing Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2023-02-21 Sara Lafuente-Funes
Assisted reproductive technologies have expanded vastly and are frequently addressed using the language of revolution. The last two decades witnessed important transformations in Spanish repromarke...
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The Economization of Early Life: Human Capital Theory, Biology, and Social Policy Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2023-01-11 Zachary Webster Griffen
The US government response to the coronavirus pandemic has prompted renewed debate about the size and structure of the welfare state. Particular attention has been paid to prenatal and early childh...
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Citizen Science in News Media: Boundary Mediation of Public Participation in Health Expertise Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2023-01-09 E. Carolina Mayes
In this article, I examine how scientific boundary work describes or represents citizen science as credible forms of expertise. Citizen science is an ambiguous concept, and I leverage that ambiguit...
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Troubleshooting: The Automation of Synthetic Biology and the Labor of Technological Futures Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2023-01-09 Annie Hammang
Science and Technology Studies has long characterized the dynamics of imagining new technology as the primary driver of progress. Among these dynamics are the performative effects of the future, wh...
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Contesting Infrastructural Futures: 5G Opposition as a Technological Drama Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-12-29 Vivien Butot, Liesbet van Zoonen
This paper addresses the public contestation of the rollout of the fifth generation of mobile telecommunications networks (5G) in the Netherlands. Drawing on Pfaffenberger’s framework of technologi...
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Caring for Organoids: Patient Personhood and the Ethics of Avoidance in Translational Cancer Research Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-12-28 Mie S. Dam, Sara Green
This article explores the daily practices in a Danish cancer laboratory, where researchers use “personal organoids” as new translational models in the development of personalized medicine. Grown fr...
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Audible Crime Scenes: ShotSpotter as Diagnostic, Policing, and Space-making Infrastructure Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-12-12 Edward B. Kang, Simogne Hudson
Acoustic gunshot detection systems (AGDS) have been emerging as a technological solution to the growing problem of gun violence around the world. We examine a particularly prominent AGDS technology...
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Affective Labor in Integrative STS Research Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-12-08 T. Y. Branch, G. M. Duché
Science and technology studies (STS) practitioners regularly use qualitative research methods to describe the structures and practices of science. Despite a long history of collaborative inter- and...
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Doing User Involvement: Shifting Interstices and Coalescing Tensions in Care Technology Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-12-05 Björn Fischer, Alexander Peine, Britt Östlund
This paper explores user involvement in company practice as a method that is both contingent and transformative. Drawing on ethnographic research in a small- to medium-sized care technology company...
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Innovation in Technology Instead of Thinking? Assetization and Its Epistemic Consequences in Academia Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-12-05 Ruth Falkenberg, Maximilian Fochler
This paper draws on the notion of the asset to better understand the role of innovative research technologies in researchers’ practices and decisions. Faced with both the need to accumulate academi...
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Forgone, Not Forgotten: “DNA Fingerprinting,” Migration Control and Britain’s DNA Profiling Pilot Project Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-12-05 Roberta Bivins
DNA profiling has become a culturally ubiquitous technology. Its use, whether in forensic investigations, genetic databases, biomedical research, international border-making, or popular genealogy, ...
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Epigenomic Stories: Evidence of Harm and the Social Justice Promises and Perils of Environmental Epigenetics Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-11-21 Martine Lappé, Fionna Francis Fahey, Robbin Jeffries Hein
This article develops the concept of epigenomic stories to analyze how scientists describe and study the relationships between environmental epigenetics, health inequities, and social justice. Base...
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Persuasive Technology and Personhood on Social Media Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-11-15 Emily Martin
Returning to Marcel Mauss’s classic work on the person, this essay explores Mauss’s distinction between personne and personnage and the distinction used in contemporary anthropology between dividua...
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The Cold Futures of Mouse Genetics: Modes of Strain Cryopreservation Since the 1970s Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-11-15 Dmitriy Myelnikov, Sara Peres
Cryopreservation, or the freezing of embryos or sperm, has become a routine part of many research projects involving laboratory mice. In this article, we combine historical and sociological methods...
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Beyond the Egg and the Sperm?: How Science Has Revised a Romance through Reproductomics Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-10-25 Janelle Lamoreaux
Social scientists have shown that scientific characterizations of the egg and the sperm are shaped by gender stereotypes and cultural values. How have such characterizations been transformed by a r...
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Governing Agricultural Biotechnologies in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany: A Trans-decadal Study of Regulatory Cultures Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-10-18 Adrian Ely, Beate Friedrich, Dominic Glover, Klara Fischer, Glenn Davis Stone, Ann Kingiri, Matthew A. Schnurr
Comparative studies of agricultural biotechnology regulation have highlighted differences in the roles that science and politics play in decision-making. Drawing on documentary and interview eviden...
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Exploring the Dynamics of Technological Decline through the History of a Soviet Computer “Ural” (1955-1990) Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-10-18 Zahar Koretsky, Ragna Zeiss, Harro van Lente
Literature on technological decline and related concepts is growing. We aim to advance theorizations of the dynamics of technological decline by mobilizing the concept of sociotechnical configurati...
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Public Perceptions of Risks and Benefits of Gene-edited Food Crops: An International Comparative Study between the US, Japan, and Germany Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-10-17 Naoko Kato-Nitta, Masashi Tachikawa, Yusuke Inagaki, Tadahiko Maeda
This study statistically explored public perceptions of the risks and benefits of the agricultural application of gene editing to food crops using online surveys in the US (n = 2,050), Japan (n = 1...
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Pluralistic Collaboration in Science and Technology: Reviewing Knowledge Systems, Culture, Norms, and Work Styles Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-10-10 Saul Halfon, Benjamin K. Sovacool
This paper challenges the language of “interdisciplinarity,” suggesting “pluralistic collaboration” as a better alternative. Interdisciplinarity, team science, and transdisciplinarity frame academi...
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Performance, Spectacle, Affect: The Polygraph’s Sexual Politics Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-10-06 Jessica Lingel, Heather Jaber
Although the technical and psychological accuracy of the polygraph has been contested almost since the device’s inception, it continues to enjoy substantial popularity within law enforcement and fe...
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Formal and Informal Infrastructures of Collaboration in the Human Brain Project Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-09-25 Christine Aicardi, Tara Mahfoud
This article draws on long-term engagement with the Human Brain Project (HBP), one of the Future and Emerging Technology Flagship Initiatives funded by the European Commission to address EU “grand ...
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Eliciting Values for Technology Design with Moral Philosophy: An Empirical Exploration of Effects and Shortcomings Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-09-18 Kathrin Bednar, Sarah Spiekermann
Calls for an ethically aligned technology design have led companies to publish lists of value principles that their engineers should adhere to. However, it is questionable whether such lists can gr...
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Political Prescriptions: Three Pandemic Stories Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-09-14 Nishtha Bharti, Sergio Sismondo
In this article, we symmetrically explore the political underpinnings and connections of pharmaceutical drugs during the COVID-19 pandemic. We illustrate some different and shifting dynamics of exp...
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Diversity Concepts in Computer Science and Technology Development: A Critique Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-09-13 Laura Schelenz
Diversity has become increasingly relevant in computer science and technology development, both in terms of inclusive design teams and as a concept used to design “diversity-aware” technologies. Th...
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Robot Drama: Investigating Frictions between Vision and Demonstration in Care Robotics Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-08-25 Benjamin Lipp
Roboticists are faced with a striking discrepancy between vision and demonstration of care with robots. On the one hand, research funders, policy makers, and entrepreneurs expect robots to become a...
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African Experiments in Health and Healing: Science from the Home and Homestead Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-08-23 Abigail H. Neely, Laura A. Meek
Through five ethnographic stories, this article rethinks science from the African home and homestead. Focused on our interlocutors’ efforts to heal and protect themselves and their families, these ...
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Industrializing Bacterial Work: Microbiopolitics, Biogas Alchemy, and the French Waste Management Sector Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-08-21 François-Joseph Daniel
Biological waste recycling has recently attracted widespread interest and investment. Large industrial plants that use microbiological engineering to process municipal waste and produce biogas have...
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Care and the Cowboy Boot: Interspecies Responsibility and the Wobbly Boundaries of Lab Animal Personhood Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-08-21 Lesley A. Sharp
Of what relevance is a cowboy boot to understandings of the moral underpinnings of lab animal care, value, and personhood? I trace the movement of chimpanzees from laboratories to sanctuaries, wher...
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Science Estranged: Power and Inequity in Laboratory Life during the COVID-19 Pandemic Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-08-09 Melanie Jeske
In March 2020, academic research laboratories across the world shut down in response to the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic. As labs began to resume work in the weeks and months following the shutdown, the realities of daily life in the lab changed. This article offers an empirical investigation of how COVID-19 disrupted laboratory life and impacted laboratory workers in the United States, drawing on
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Approximations: On Some Ways to Listen to a Building “in the Making” Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-08-01 Brett Mommersteeg
What sounds and noises does a future building make? How do architectural acousticians listen to a building in the making? How do you measure something that is not yet there? What is the epistemological status of approximations? Following the listening practices of acousticians as they measure a future experience of sound through a mock-up and of noise through an incomplete simulation, this article
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Does “Precision” Matter? A Q Study of Public Interpretations of Gene Editing in Agriculture Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-07-19 Sara Nawaz, Terre Satterfield, Rapichan Phurisamban
Gene editing (GE) technologies are rapidly gaining traction as an alternative to genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in agriculture. While proponents claim the critical need for GE to address climate change and food security and assert its similarity to conventional breeding, critics argue that these technologies bring similar concerns to GMOs, such as supporting industrial agriculture and enhancing
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Scholarly Publishing, Boundary Processes, and the Problem of Fake Peer Reviews Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-07-17 Kirsten Bell, Patricia Kingori, David Mills
Over the past decade, the phenomenon of “fake” peer reviews has caused growing consternation among scholarly publishers. Yet despite the significant behind-the-scenes impact that anxieties about fakery have had on peer review processes within scholarly journals, the phenomenon itself has been subject to little scholarly analysis. Rather than treating fake reviews as a straightforward descriptive category
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The Efficacy Paradox Revisited: “Closing Up” Commitments in Nuclear Waste Governance Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-07-13 Céline Parotte, Hadrien Macq, Pierre Delvenne
It is well established in science and technology studies that participation and expert analysis should not be seen as contradictory. Key analytical questions include how both public and expert knowledge contribute to “closing down” and “opening up” appraisals and commitments, and how important these dynamics are in assessing the process and the conditions of democratizing technology. This article examines
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Citizen-Person: The “Me” in the “We” in Danish Precision Medicine Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-06-30 Mette N. Svendsen, Laura E. Navne
The genome has become a crucial component in precision medicine aimed at tailoring medical treatment to the individual. To the extent that social science studies of genomics have explored questions related to the individual, these studies have focused on how the governance regarding genomes facilitates individuals’ rights, choices, and responsibilities. By contrast, we approach genomic governance by
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The Media’s Taste for Gene-Edited Food: Comparing Media Portrayals within US and European Regulatory Environments Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-06-30 Michael F. Dahlstrom, Zhe Wang, Sonja Lindberg, Kasey Opfer, Christopher L. Cummings
Recent gene-editing technologies are heralded by proponents as a revolution for developing gene-edited foods (GEFs) while critics demand increased governance and scrutiny of potential societal impacts. Governance of GEFs is different in the United States, where GEFs are entering the market, and Europe, which restricts GEF development. Definitive regulations for governing GEFs are not yet solidified
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Cryovalues beyond High Expectations: Endurance and the Construction of Value in Cord Blood Banking Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-06-28 Ruzana Liburkina
Cryopreservation attracts attention as a practice grounded in high expectations: current life is suspended for future use—to generate life, to save life, and to resurrect life. But what happens when high expectations in cryobanking give way to looming uselessness and the risk of failure? Based on ethnographic insights into the case of umbilical cord blood (CB) banking in Germany, this contribution
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Governance of Gene-edited Plants: Insights from the History of Biotechnology Oversight and Policy Process Theory Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-06-23 Jennifer Kuzma
The history of US biotechnology oversight for genetically modified plants is analyzed in the context of policy process theories to derive insights for contemporary governance of gene-edited plants. The Advocacy Coalition Framework sheds light on how opposing coalitions with different policy beliefs struggled to influence oversight, along with coalition disputes over the scope of issues that should
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The Reproduction of Shame: Pregnancy, Nutrition and Body Weight in the Translation of Developmental Origins of Adult Disease Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-06-22 Vivienne Moore, Megan Warin
Developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) and epigenetics have expanded understanding of how the environment affects the health of women before and during pregnancy—with lifelong health consequences for the fetus. This has translated to a narrow focus on women’s lifestyle during pregnancy, especially for women classified as obese. In this study, we show that psychosocial harms such as distress
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Transitions, Expansions, Engagements: Science, Technology, & Human Values between 2002 and 2007 Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-06-05 Ulrike Felt
Anniversaries stir up memories. The fiftieth anniversary of Science, Technology, & Human Values has brought up some personal recollections that I would like to share with you. Writing this reflection takes me back exactly two decades to when I took over the editorship of Science, Technology, & Human Values for a five-year term. This period would become one of so many transitions for the journal, more
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Science, Technology, & Human Values at Fifty: A Deserter Reports Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-06-05 Daryl E. Chubin
In “Science, Technology, & Human Values at 40,” Editor Hackett (2012, 441) noted that “ST&HV serves scholars who labor in the borderlands where the human desires to know, to make, and to do engage our sense of justice, fairness, and goodness.” For me, borderlands were spaces “between disciplines” (Porter et al. 1980), interstices of intellectual discomfort, but where borrowing ideas and rubbing them
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The Deadlock in European Decision-Making on GMOs as a Wicked Problem by Design: A Need for Repoliticization Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-05-11 Ruth Mampuys
Altering the DNA of living organisms, also genetic modification, genetic engineering, or genetic manipulation, is playing an increasing and significant role in our lives, our food, and our environment. At the same time, the societal acceptance of this technology varies widely, and scientific uncertainties play a recurring role in the safety assessment of applications. In Europe, decision-making about
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Value Change in Energy Systems Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-04-11 Ibo van de Poel, Behnam Taebi
The ongoing energy transition toward more sustainable energy systems implies a change in the values for which such systems are designed. The energy transition however is not just about sustainability but also about values like energy security and affordability, and we witness the emergence of new values like energy justice and energy democracy. How can we understand such value changes and how can or
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Six Days in Plastic: Potentiality, Normalization, and In Vitro Embryos in the Postgenomic Age Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-04-07 Tessa Moll
Part of the normalization of assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) is the premise that the children born from in vitro fertilization (IVF) are no different from their counterparts conceived spontaneously. However, interest in peri-conception health and new epigenetic understandings of biological plasticity has led to some questioning the presumed irrelevance of conception in vitro, and when doing
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Maternal–Fetal Microchimerism and Genetic Origins: Some Socio-legal Implications Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-04-01 Margrit Shildrick
What are the implications of microchimerism in sociocultural and ethico-legal contexts, particularly as they relate to the destabilization of genetic origins? Conventional biomedicine and related law have been reluctant to acknowledge microchimerism—the existence of unassimilated traces of genetic material that result in some cells in the body coding differently from the dominant DNA—despite it becoming
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The Reproductive Bodies of Postgenomics Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-03-30 Sonja van Wichelen, Jaya Keaney
In this Introduction, we present a collection of articles under the topic “the reproductive bodies of postgenomics.” Through individual and collective research, the articles explore—sociologically, ethnographically, and philosophically—how bioscience in the postgenomic age is changing our understanding of reproductive bodies, and more broadly, how it is challenging existing ideas of heredity, embodiment
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Transfer or Translation? Rethinking Traveling Technologies from the Global South Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-01-12 Miao Lu, Jack Linchuan Qiu
Technology flows are becoming increasingly diverse in the twenty-first century, calling for an update of concepts and frameworks. Reflecting on the inherent tensions of technology transfer, including its technocratic dreams, insensitivity to technological materiality, and narrow focus on certain human actors, we propose technology translation as a complementary conceptual framework to understand traveling
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Divisible Governance: Making Gas-fired Futures during Climate Collapse in Northern Australia Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-01-12 Kirsty Howey, Timothy Neale
Despite widespread acceptance that their emissions accelerate climate change and its disastrous ecological effects, new fossil fuel extraction projects continue apace, further entrenching fossil fuel dependence, and thereby enacting particular climate futures. In this article, we examine how this is occurring in the case of a proposed onshore shale gas “fracking” industry in the remote Northern Territory
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Legal Pluralism and Science and Technology Studies: Exploring Sources of the Legal Pluriverse Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-01-10 Bertram Turner, Melanie G. Wiber
In introducing the contributions to this special section, we explore the links between social and juridical concepts of normativity and science and technology. We follow the Legal Pluralism challenge to the notion of state law as the sole source of normative order and point to how technological transformation creates a pluralistic legal universe that takes on new shapes under conditions of globalization
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Identity in Postgenomic Times: Epigenetic Knowledge and the Pursuit of Biological Origins Science, Technology, & Human Values (IF 3.634) Pub Date : 2022-01-05 Sonja van Wichelen
As genetic knowledge continues to strengthen notions of identity in Euro-American societies and beyond, epigenetic knowledge is intervening in these legitimation frameworks. I explore these interventions in the realm of assisted reproduction—including adoption, donor conception, and gestational surrogacy. The right to identity is protected legally in many states and receives due attention in public