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Perceived Naturalness Biases Objective Behavior in Both Trivial and Meaningful Contexts Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-14 Brian P. Meier, Eric E. Noreen, Li-Jun Ji, Michael B. Fellman, Courtney M. Lappas
Research shows that perceived naturalness can bias beliefs about the positivity of items such as food, human talent, and vaccines. Yet, this research focuses on self-reports, which leaves open the implications it has for behavior. In four studies ( N = 492), we tested if perceived naturalness impacts trivial and meaningful behaviors. Participants were asked to consume a purported natural/synthetic
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An Improved Scoring Algorithm for Indirect Evaluation Measurement With the Evaluative Priming Task Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-08-27 Noga Segal-Gordon, Inbal Kuperwasser, Yoav Bar-Anan
People tend to categorize the valence of a target stimulus more quickly and accurately if the target appears after a prime stimulus of the same (than of the opposite) valence. The evaluative priming task (EPT) utilizes this priming effect for indirect evaluation measurement but suffers from low reliability. The present research compared the reliability and validity of 2,160 EPT scoring algorithms across
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The Game Within the Game: The Potential Influence of Demand Characteristics and Participant Beliefs in Violent Video Game Studies Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-08-27 Yashvin Seetahul, Tobias Greitemeyer
In two experiments, we examined the potential impact of demand characteristics in violent video game (VVG) research. Study 1 ( N = 788) measured behavioral aggression, while Study 2 ( N = 1,182) measured trait aggression. Participants were informed either that researchers wanted to confirm that VVGs increase aggression (“Positive Hypothesis”) or that VVGs have no effect (“Null Hypothesis”). Study 2
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Is the Effect of Trust on Risk Perceptions a Matter of Knowledge, Control, and Time? An Extension and Direct-Replication Attempt of Siegrist and Cvetkovich (2000) Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-07-31 Shiva Pauer, Bastiaan T. Rutjens, Cameron Brick, Aaron B. Lob, Benjamin Buttlar, Marret K. Noordewier, Iris K. Schneider, Frenk van Harreveld
The complexity of societal risks such as pandemics, artificial intelligence, and climate change may lead laypeople to rely on experts and authorities when evaluating these threats. While Siegrist and Cvetkovich showed that competence-based trust in authorities correlates with perceived societal risks and benefits only when people feel unknowledgeable, recent research has yielded mixed support for this
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Opposing Misperceptions of Wealth: Liberals Overestimate Their Neighborhoods’ Wealth in Wealthier Neighborhoods While Conservatives Overestimate Their Neighborhoods’ Wealth in Poor Neighborhoods Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-07-31 Kieren J. Lilly, Rael Dawtry, Robbie M. Sutton, Chris G. Sibley, Danny Osborne
Although perceptions of wealth are shaped by people’s social environment and ideological beliefs, few studies integrate these two perspectives. We address this oversight by examining the association between participants’ actual and estimated average neighborhood household income and whether political orientation moderates this relationship. Using a large, nationwide random sample of New Zealand adults
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Correcting Misperceptions of Fundamental Differences Between U.S. Republicans and Democrats: Some Hope-Inspiring Effects Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-07-29 Lukas J. Wolf, Paul H. P. Hanel
Perceived polarization between U.S. Democratic and Republican voters has grown over past decades, and this polarization underpins a dwindling sense of hope about the future. Contrary to this trend, the present three experiments (one pre-registered) with 2,529 U.S. participants found substantial similarities between the groups in their fundamental values. We tested whether depicting these real value
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Do Narcissists Think They Make a Better Impression Than They Really Do? Re-Evaluating Enhancement as a Dominant Feature of Narcissism Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-07-27 Victoria Pringle, Hasagani Tissera, Norhan Elsaadawy, Erika Carlson, Lauren Human
Imagining a narcissist likely calls to mind someone who thinks that they are well-liked and admired—perhaps unrealistically so. But are narcissists’ beliefs about how others see them systematically too positive? Across four samples (total N = 1,537) that included different contexts (group vs. dyadic) and levels of acquaintanceship (new acquaintances vs. close friends), we used condition-based regression
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Transition to Parenthood: The Association Between Expectations and Family-Life Satisfaction Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-07-25 Chau Tran, Katya Ivanova, Anne K. Reitz, Olga Stavrova
Parenthood is often assumed to profoundly impact well-being. Yet, few studies have explored how the transition to parenthood relates to parent’s family-life satisfaction, and existing research has produced conflicting results. We propose that expected costs and rewards of having children (individual differences in the perceived value of children in one’s life) could explain the mixed findings. Following
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Meaningful Peer Social Interactions and Momentary Well-Being in Context Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-28 Mahnaz Roshanaei, Sumer S. Vaid, Andrea L. Courtney, Serena J. Soh, Jamil Zaki, Gabriella M. Harari
Using three large-scale longitudinal datasets collected from a cohort of university students over the span of 3 years (total N = 2,896 participants; ecological momentary assessments = 129,414), we found that engagement in meaningful social interactions with peers was associated with lower momentary loneliness and greater affective well-being. We also examined the role of four contextual factors (interaction
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Group-Based Injustice, but Not Group-Based Economic Inequality, Predicts Political Violence Across 18 African Countries Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-28 Casper Sakstrup, Henrikas Bartusevičius
Political violence causes immense human suffering. Scholars pinpoint economic inequalities between ethnic groups as a major cause of such violence. However, the relationships between group-based inequality, group-based injustice, and political violence are not fully understood. Combining insights from social psychological research on collective action and political science research on civil conflict
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Personality Correlates of Out-Group Harm Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-27 Simon Columbus, Isabel Thielmann, Robert Böhm, Ingo Zettler
Motivated by theoretical accounts positing that participation in intergroup conflict is driven by a desire to promote the in-group, past studies have explored the link between prosocial personality dimensions and out-group harm. However, while dimensions such as Honesty-Humility predict in-group cooperation, they do not explain out-group harm. Across two incentivized experimental studies (one preregistered;
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Experimental Evidence That Demand Characteristics Do Not Play a Dominant Role in the Evaluative Conditioning Effect Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-21 Yahel Nudler, May Zvi, Gal Levy, Yoav Bar-Anan
The evaluative conditioning (EC) effect has been documented in many experiments: Participants typically prefer stimuli that co-occurred with positive stimuli over stimuli that co-occurred with negative stimuli. The present research attempted to test whether demand characteristics are a dominant cause of the EC effect. In three experiments, we informed participants of the research hypothesis, sometimes
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A Potential Pitfall of Passion: Passion Is Associated With Performance Overconfidence Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-21 Erica R. Bailey, Kai Krautter, Wen Wu, Adam D. Galinsky, Jon M. Jachimowicz
Having passion is almost universally lauded. People strive to follow their passion at work, and organizations increasingly seek out passionate employees. Supporting the benefits of passion, prior research finds a robust relationship between passion and higher levels of job performance. At the same time, this research also reveals significant variability in the size of the effect. To explain this heterogeneity
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Predictors and Implications of Parents’ Beliefs About the Age Appropriateness of LGBTQ+ Topics for Children Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-17 Kimberly E. Chaney, Leigh S. Wilton, Thekla Morgenroth, Rebecca Cipollina, Izilda Pereira-Jorge
U.S. policies increasingly limit lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, or another marginalized gender identity or sexual orientation (LGBTQ +) education topics for children under the guise of age-appropriate curriculum, placing the responsibility of educating children about LGBTQ + identities and experiences on parents. We examined parents’ beliefs about the age-appropriateness of LGBTQ + topics
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The Contradictory Nature of Anti-Transgender Rhetoric Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Thekla Morgenroth, Kira K. Means, Alexandria S. Mueller, Kris D. Sass
Transgender rights are a polarizing topic. When examining the rhetoric used by those opposed to transgender rights, it often seems like their arguments contradict each other (e.g., claiming that transgender people are a negligible minority but simultaneously “taking over”). One explanation for this contradiction could be that different arguments are endorsed by different people. However, across 4 studies
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How Are Provided and Received Social Support Related to Relationship Satisfaction and Self-Esteem? A Comprehensive Test of Competing Hypotheses Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Anna Köhler, Christoph Heine, Birk Hagemeyer, Michael Dufner
The amount of social support partners provide and receive in romantic relationships is important for psychological well-being. But in what sense exactly? Divergent and highly nuanced hypotheses exist in the literature. We explicitly spelled out these hypotheses, specified a statistical model for each using response surface analyses, and simultaneously tested which model had the most empirical support
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The Recursive Cycle of Perceived Mindset and Psychological Distress in College Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-29 Kathryn M. Kroeper, Laura K. Hildebrand, Tao Jiang, Ariana Hernandez-Colmenares, Katrina Brown, Abigail V. Wilk, Steven J. Spencer, Andrew F. Heckler, Kentaro Fujita
College students are experiencing a significant mental health crisis, with rising rates of psychological distress. To help understand this trend, this study examines recursive relationships in the classroom between perceived mindset beliefs—that is, whether students perceive others in their classroom to view intelligence as malleable or fixed—and psychological distress. Across three time points, 288
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The Computer-Mediated Online Round Robin (CMORR): An Online Method for Studying Impressions and Social Interactions Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-29 Bradley T. Hughes, Sanjay Srivastava
Research on impressions and social interactions has predominately examined perceptions of artificial stimuli or those made by convenience samples of undergraduates. In the present work, we introduce and validate a new experimental method, the Computer-Mediated Online Round Robin (CMORR), with the aim of providing researchers a tool to extend the study of interpersonal phenomena to more diverse populations
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High Openness and Low Conscientiousness Predict Green Party Preferences and Voting Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-27 Wiebke Bleidorn, Thomas Schilling, Christopher J. Hopwood
A substantial rise of vote shares of Green parties across European countries suggests an increasing support of environmental issues. A critical question for researchers and policymakers alike is, who endorses Green parties? Here, we examined the Big Five personality predictors of green partisanship, voting behavior, and party switching in a nationally representative sample of more than 27,000 Germans
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Chronic Cannabis Use in Everyday Life: Emotional, Motivational, and Self-Regulatory Effects of Frequently Getting High Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 Michael Inzlicht, Taylor Bridget Sparrow-Mungal, Gregory John Depow
Approximately 200 million people consume cannabis annually, with a significant proportion of them using it chronically. Using experience sampling, we describe the effects of chronically getting high on emotions, motivation, effort, and self-regulation in everyday life. We queried chronic users ( N = 260) 5 times per day over 7 days (3,701 observations) to assess immediate effects of getting high and
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Target Weight and Gender Moderate Anti-Black Bias in Pain Perception Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Yanzi Huang, Theresa Miller, Catherine Awad, Patrick Gilbert Mercado Reyes, Aizihaer Tuerxuntuoheti, Peter Mende-Siedlecki
Perceivers recognize pain less readily on Black (vs. White) faces in the United States. The present work investigated whether this perceptual bias is moderated by target weight and gender across three experiments. Anti-Black bias in pain perception was mitigated within heavier-weight (vs. average-weight) male-appearing targets (Experiment 1) but was independent of female-appearing targets’ weight (Experiment
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Sexual (Double) Standards Revisited: Similarities and Differences in the Societal Evaluation of Male and Female Sexuality Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Marcel Weber, Malte Friese
Past research has been inconclusive regarding the continued existence of the sexual double standard (SDS)—that is, differential expectations and evaluations of sexual activity for men (rewarded for sexual activity) and women (punished for sexual activity). Here, we present the similarities and differences (S&D) model of sexual standards, which significantly qualifies the traditional SDS by highlighting
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The Role of Partner Gender: How Sexual Expectations Shape the Pursuit of an Orgasm Goal for Heterosexual, Lesbian, and Bisexual Women Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Kate Dickman, Grace M. Wetzel, Diana T. Sanchez
Previous research has established that gendered sexual scripts shape sexual behavior. This study seeks to expand prior work on orgasm disparities for women across sexual orientations by exploring the role of partner gender. Across two studies, we examined how the gender of women’s sexual partners influenced their orgasm goal pursuit. We compared lesbian and heterosexual women’s experience with their
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“Just Because It’s a Conspiracy Theory Doesn’t Mean They’re Not Out to Get You”: Differentiating the Correlates of Judgments of Plausible Versus Implausible Conspiracy Theories Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Marius Frenken, Annika Reusch, Roland Imhoff
Although conspiracy theories exhibit varying degrees of plausibility as explanations for societal events, they are typically considered epistemically problematic. Since normative ascriptions of plausibility are not essential to their definition, we sought to examine whether judgments of (im)plausible conspiracy theories have different psychological underpinnings. In two preregistered studies ( N =
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“I Just Don’t Fit There!” Anticipated Cultural Mismatch and Social Disparities in Students’ Intention to Enter Higher Education Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Johannes Stark, Annabell Daniel, Mathias Twardawski
Despite political and societal efforts to reduce social inequality in education, students from nonacademic households (no parent holds a university degree) are less likely to enter higher education than their peers from academic households. Drawing on Cultural Mismatch Theory, we tested whether social disparities in enrollment intentions are related to students’ anticipated mismatch between their self-construal
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Understanding Person-Situation Dynamics at Work: Effects of Traits, States, and Situation Characteristics on Teaching Performance Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Loes Abrahams, John F. Rauthmann, Filip De Fruyt
Research on person-situation dynamics has mostly focused on only the person or the situation in isolation in the prediction of outcomes and has relied on single rating sources. The current work examined simultaneously the effects of personality traits, personality states, situation characteristics, and trait × state as well as trait × situation interactions on teachers’ job performance using self-ratings
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Black and White Americans’ Perceptions of Community Equity Efforts Diverge Following the Removal of Confederate Monuments Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Ines Jurcevic, Sophie Trawalter
Communities across the United States are removing Confederate monuments from public spaces. Little work, however, has considered downstream consequences of these decisions. Across three experiments and four replications in Supplemental Material, we examine impacts of community decisions on individuals’ perceptions of communities’ efforts toward racial equity. We find that the removal of monuments leads
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Own and Partner Attachment Insecurity Interact to Predict Marital Satisfaction and Dissolution Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Sierra D. Peters, Andrea L. Meltzer, James K. McNulty
Conventional wisdom suggests that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. Echoing this sentiment, theoretical perspectives on close relationships suggest that the synergistic combination of both partners’ personal qualities can influence relationship outcomes above and beyond the simple additive influence of each partner’s qualities. Yet, empirical research leaves it unclear whether the interactive
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Personality and Cultural Income Differences Shape the Life Satisfaction Gap Between Aging Immigrants and Natives in Europe Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Wiebke Bleidorn, Madeline R. Lenhausen, David Richter, Christopher J. Hopwood
The present study examined the size and possible sources of life satisfaction differences between immigrants and natives in a sample of over 55,000 adults (aged 50+ years) across 16 European countries and Israel. Consistent with theory and prior research, immigrants reported lower life satisfaction than natives on average, while the size of the life satisfaction gap varied substantially across individuals
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How Far Into the Future Can Values Predict Behavior? It Depends on Value Importance Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Joshua Lake, Joanne Sneddon, Anat Bardi, Julie Lee
When people say a value is important to them, does it have consequences years later? Recent research found that among people who hold a value to be highly important, there tend to be strong relations between that value and behavior. But does this effect persist over time? The current research found that highly important values correlate with behavior, 1 and 2 years later, significantly more strongly
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Choosing What You Like or Liking What You Chose? Sampling’s Impact on Evaluation and the Role of Idiosyncratic Reactions to Valent Stimuli Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Zachary Adolph Niese, Mandy Hütter
Recent work incorporating autonomy into an evaluative conditioning procedure provided evidence of a sampling decision effect in which high-autonomy participants positively shifted their evaluations of frequently sampled conditioned stimuli (CSs), regardless of whether they were consistently paired with positive or negative unconditioned stimuli (USs). The current work modified this paradigm by also
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Spillover Between Daily Marital Interactions and Parenting Practices: Sensory Processing Sensitivity as Moderators Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Ni Yan, Xin Dai, Xiaoqin Ding, Shuang Bi
The present study aimed to examine whether the spillover effects existed between daily marital interactions and daily parenting practices after disentangling the between- and within-family effects and whether parents’ sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) would moderate such associations. The current study included 127 parents (83.3% female and 16.7% male; M age = 34.18, SD = 4.15) who reported their
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Blame for Hum(e)an Beings: The Role of Character Information in Judgments of Blame Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Samuel Murray, Kevin O’Neill, Jordan Bridges, Justin Sytsma, Zachary C. Irving
How does character information inform judgments of blame? Some argue that character information is indirectly relevant to blame because it enriches judgments about the mental states of a wrongdoer. Others argue that character information is directly relevant to blame, even when character traits are causally irrelevant to the wrongdoing. We propose an empirical synthesis of these views: a two channel
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Power Balance and Relationship Quality: An Overstated Link Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Robert Körner, Astrid Schütz
Power balance, that is, equal levels of potential influence between relationship partners, has been linked to relationship happiness. This study examined whether power balance is indeed positively related to relationship quality (RQ) for both couple members using dyadic response surface analysis (total N = 879 couples). In Studies 1 to 3, we found linear but no similarity effects of power on RQ. Experiencing
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List Length, List Content, and Gratitude List Intervention Outcomes Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Mariah F. Purol, William J. Chopik
Gratitude lists, well-being interventions in which participants list things that they are grateful for, have recently grown in popularity. However, being tasked with generating longer gratitude lists might backfire and be associated with less felt gratitude. Furthermore, the content of these gratitude lists is rarely examined. In three studies of 3,936 participants, people assigned to shorter length
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The Social Cure Properties of Groups Across Cultures: Groups Provide More Support but Have Stronger Norms and Are Less Curative in Relationally Immobile Societies Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Matthew J. Easterbrook, Lusine Grigoryan, Peter B. Smith, Yasin Koc, Vivian Miu Chi Lun, Dona Papastylianou, Claudio Torres, Maria Efremova, Bushra Hassan, Ammar Abbas, Heyla al-Selim, Joel Anderson, Susan E. Cross, Gisela Isabel Delfino, Vladimer Gamsakhurdia, Alin Gavreliuc, Dana Gavreliuc, Pelin Gul, Ceren Gunsoy, Anna Hakobjanyan, Siugmin Lay, Olga Lopukhova, Ping Hu, Diane Sunar, Maria Luisa Mendes
We investigate whether the social cure properties of groups vary across cultures, testing hypotheses that the associations between multiple group memberships (MGM) and depressive symptoms will (a) be mediated by social support and uncomfortable normative pressures, and (b) vary systematically with sample-level relational mobility. Analyses of data from a survey ( N = 5,174) conducted within k = 29
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The Topics of Nostalgic Recall: The Benefits of Nostalgia Depend on the Topics That One Recalls Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Adam K. Fetterman, Nicholas D. Evans, Eriksen P. Ravey, Perla R. Henderson, Bao Han L. Tran, Ryan L. Boyd
This research explores the intricate realm of nostalgia, employing advanced language analysis and the Event Reflection Task to systematically dissect the process of nostalgic recall. Through this methodological approach, distinct thematic elements are identified across 10 data sets ( N = 2,038). Eight recurrent topics in nostalgic content are unveiled, ranging from Family and Positive Affect to Longing
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The Association of Self-Esteem With Health and Well-Being: A Quantitative Synthesis of 40 Meta-Analyses Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Ethan Zell, Julia S. Johansson
Prior meta-analyses have examined the association between self-esteem and a variety of specific outcomes. Here we aggregated data across 40 unique meta-analyses, which collectively included more than 2,000 studies and 1 million participants to examine the cross-sectional association between self-esteem and overall health/well-being. Results indicated that self-esteem has a robust overall association
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Highlighting Opportunities (Versus Outcomes) Increases Support for Economic Redistribution Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-07 David Dolifka, Katherine L. Christensen, Franklin Shaddy
High levels of economic inequality are associated with numerous negative individual and societal consequences, and people prefer less of it. Opposition to redistributive policies designed to reduce inequality (e.g., taxing the rich to assist the poor), however, remains persistent. In this research, we propose a simple intervention to boost support for such policies. Specifically, we suggest that describing
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Longtermist Education Interventions Increase Concern for and Action to Protect Future Generations Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Stylianos Syropoulos, Kyle Fiore Law, Liane Young
In a contemporary landscape fraught with unprecedented challenges, it is imperative to forge strategies that transcend present concerns and equally prioritize future generations. This research, anchored in the philosophy of longtermism, seeks to bridge this temporal divide. Across three pre-registered and highly-powered studies, we scrutinize the potential of philosophical arguments underpinning longtermism
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Autistic People Are Believed to Feel More Pain than Non-Autistic People Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-28 Abha R. Basargekar, Chelsea E. Rodi, Valerie S. Swisher, Vikram K. Jaswal
Members of some marginalized groups are erroneously considered relatively insensitive to pain, an assumption that seems to reflect beliefs that they have been toughened up by the hardship they have endured. Autistic people represent a marginalized group, and some clinical accounts erroneously suggest that they, too, are relatively insensitive to pain. In two pre-registered studies involving college
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Actual and Perceived Partisan Bias in Judgments of Political Misinformation as Lies Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-28 Louisa M. Reins, Alex Wiegmann
In times of what has been coined “post-truth politics,” people are regularly confronted with political actors who intentionally spread false or misleading information. The present article examines (a) to what extent partisans’ judgments of such behaviors as cases of lying are affected by whether the deceiving agent shares their partisanship (actual bias) and (b) to what extent partisans expect the
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The Andrew Carnegie Effect: Legacy Motives Increase the Intergenerational Allocation of Wealth to Collective Causes Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Jessica J. W. Paek, Daniela Goya-Tocchetto, Kimberly A. Wade-Benzoni
Andrew Carnegie was known for proclaiming that people have an obligation to leave their wealth to collective causes that benefit society. Yet, people tend to think of legacy within the constraints of their familial circles. In our work, we show that a simple reflection task that activates legacy motives can lead people to overcome this restricted way of construing legacy, expanding their circle of
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Does Culture Moderate Gender Stereotypes? Individualism Predicts Communal (but Not Agentic) Prescriptions for Men Across 62 Nations Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-13 Natasza Kosakowska-Berezecka, Artur Sawicki, Göksu Celikkol, Jennifer K. Bosson, Colette Van Laar, Aster Van Rossum, Deborah Best, Paweł Jurek, Tomasz Besta, Michał Olech, Peter Glick
The cultural moderation of gender stereotypes hypothesis argues that societies assign the most culturally valued traits to men, the dominant group. Thus, in line with cultural ideals, collectivistic societies should assign men more communality, whereas individualistic societies should assign men more individualism. Using archival data, Cuddy et al. found evidence for cultural moderation in descriptive
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Political Ideology and Attitudinal Ambivalence: Investigating the Role of Ideological Extremity Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Axel M. Burger
Are individual differences in political ideology associated with inclinations to hold more or less ambivalent attitudes? Extant research on the linear association of political ideology with attitudinal ambivalence yielded inconsistent findings. The present research tested the hypotheses (a) that the association of political ideology with attitudinal ambivalence is curvilinear with lower levels of ambivalence
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Economic Inequality and Unfairness Evaluations of Income Distribution Negatively Predict Political and Social Trust: Evidence From Latin America Over 23 Years Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Efraín García-Sánchez, Juan Diego García-Castro, Guillermo B. Willis, Rosa Rodríguez-Bailón
Research has produced mixed results on the relationship between economic inequality and social and political trust. These studies overrepresent developed countries, cross-sectional designs, and overlook the role of subjective evaluations of inequality. We use 13 waves from 18 Latin American countries over 23 years (above 250,000 participants) to examine the association between structural inequality
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Adults Show Positive Moral Evaluations of Curiosity About Religion. Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-21 Cindel J M White,Ariel J Mosley,Larisa Heiphetz Solomon
Four experiments investigated the perceived virtue of curiosity about religion. Adults from the United States made moral judgments regarding targets who exhibited curiosity, possessed relevant knowledge, or lacked both curiosity and knowledge about religion and comparison topics (e.g., science). Participants attributed greater moral goodness to targets who displayed curiosity compared with targets
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Alternative Systems: The Interplay Between Criminal Groups' Influence and Political Trust on Civic Honesty in the Global Context. Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-06-07 Giovanni A Travaglino,Pascal Burgmer,Alberto Mirisola
Individuals' endorsement of standards of civic honesty is necessary for democracies to flourish. A critical driver of civic honesty is the relationship of trust between individuals and institutions. Research has yet to systematically assess the contextual factors that may moderate this relationship. In this study, we examined the societal influence of organized criminal groups. Criminal groups operate
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Political-Ideological Differences in Cultural Pessimism and Nostalgia Reflect People’s Evaluation of Their Nation’s Historical Developments Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-05-11 Joris Lammers, Pınar Uğurlar
Western conservatives are more focused on the past than are liberals: They experience stronger cultural pessimism and nostalgically yearn back for past society. We test the hypothesis that this ide...
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No Evidence for Transactional Effects Between Religiosity and Self-Esteem in a Secular Country Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-05-06 Theresa M. Entringer, Madeline R. Lenhausen, Christopher J. Hopwood, Wiebke Bleidorn
This research tests the unique predictions of three different theoretical perspectives on the self-esteem benefits of religiosity: the religiosity-as-a-personal-relationship-with-a-higher-power per...
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The Impact of Regulatory Fit on Experienced Autonomy Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-05-02 Melvyn R. W. Hamstra, L. Maxim Laurijssen, Bert Schreurs
This research sought to test the hypothesis that regulatory fit enhances people’s feelings of autonomy. Regulatory fit can be created by prompting people to execute a task using means of task execu...
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Social Connectedness Promotes Robot Anthropomorphism Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-04-29 Jianning Dang, Li Liu
Anthropomorphism has traditionally been viewed as a means to compensate for a lack of social connection; therefore, social deficits are considered to facilitate anthropomorphism. In this research, ...
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A Systematic Study of Ambivalence and Well-Being in Romantic Relationships Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-04-29 Giulia Zoppolat, Francesca Righetti, Ruddy Faure, Iris K. Schneider
People in close relationships can, and often do, experience ambivalence (i.e., mixed feelings) toward their romantic partner. Although ambivalence is common and consequential, research on this phen...
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Picturing Your Life: The Role of Imagery Perspective in Personal Photos Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-04-27 Zachary Adolph Niese, Lisa K. Libby, Richard P. Eibach
When photographing moments in their lives, people can use a first-person (capturing the scene as they saw it) or third-person (capturing the scene with themselves in it) perspective. Past research ...
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Perceptions of Harm and Benefit Predict Judgments of Cultural Appropriation Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-04-26 Ariel J. Mosley, Larisa Heiphetz, Mark H. White, II, Monica Biernat
What factors underlie judgments of cultural appropriation? In two studies, participants read 157 scenarios involving actors using cultural products or elements of racial/ethnic groups to which they...
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An Adversarial Collaboration on Dirty Money Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-04-25 Arber Tasimi, Ori Friedman
Across four preregistered experiments on American adults (total N = 968), and five supplemental experiments (total N = 869), we examined four accounts that might explain people’s aversion to “dirty...
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Valuing Versus Having: The Contrary Roles of Valuing and Having Money and Prestige on Well-Being Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-04-25 Gabrielle N. Pfund, Emily C. Willroth, Daniel K. Mroczek, Patrick L. Hill
Using data from Midlife in the United States (N = 3,767), this study investigates how believing having money or occupational prestige is important for a good life is associated with different aspec...
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Bolstering Policy Support for Disadvantaged Groups Through Humanization Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-04-24 Andrej Findor, Matej Hruška, Roman Hlatky, Alexa Dvorská, Tomáš Hrustič, Zuzana Bošeľová, Ondrej Buchel
Cooley et al. and Hodson and Doucher show that individuals, individuals within groups, and groups evoke different levels of perceived humanity, and that these differences affect sympathy and willin...
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When Paying Is (Even More) Painful: Personality-Based Heterogeneity in Consumption Responses to Economic Hardship Social Psychological and Personality Science (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2023-04-24 Joe J. Gladstone, Theodore C. Masters-Waage
Economic downturns lead to declining consumer spending, but people vary considerably in their consumption responses. We investigate an important driver of this heterogeneity, personality. Trait lev...