样式: 排序: IF: - GO 导出 标记为已读
-
Expressing Negativity Enhances Support From Romantic Partners, Even for Trivial Stressors Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Kirby N. Sigler, Amanda L. Forest
Receiving high-quality support confers many benefits. Yet, little is known about how support-seekers can elicit high-quality support. In two experiments and a couples’ interaction study, we examined how (and why) expressing negative thoughts and feelings affects romantic partners’ support and considered whether this depends on the severity of the stressor the support-seeker is facing. In Study 1, romantically
-
Self-Esteem and Sexual Experiences Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Elisa Weber, Christopher J. Hopwood, Jaap J. A. Denissen, Wiebke Bleidorn
There is evidence that people with higher self-esteem tend to have more satisfying sexual relationships, but little is known about how changes in people’s self-esteem and sexual experiences are related over time. Several theories predict reciprocal effects between self-esteem and sexual experiences. The present study tested these theories using 12-wave longitudinal data from more than 11,000 participants
-
Is Doing Good Good Enough? A Motivation, Action, Sacrifice, and Temptation (MAST) View of Moral Praiseworthiness Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-14 R. Michael Furr, Mike Prentice, Ashley Hawkins Parham, Anselma G. Hartley, William Fleeson
We present the Motivation, Action, Sacrifice, and Temptation (MAST) view of moral praiseworthiness and evaluate four components shaping judgments of an actor’s morality: (a) How did the person act? (b) Why did the person act? (c) Did the person sacrifice something when acting? and (d) Was the person tempted to avoid the sacrifice? Across multiple moral domains, we evaluate moral impressions of hypothetical
-
Is Progressive Ideology on the Test? Education and Intelligence in the Development of Nontraditional Attitudes Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-14 Joshua D. Isen, Steven G. Ludeke, Timothy F. Bainbridge, Matt K. McGue, William G. Iacono
Enhanced educational attainment and intelligence are consistent correlates of socially liberal, nontraditional attitudes. However, it is unclear how such associations unfold developmentally. Here, we propose an interaction effect between college exposure and intelligence on the development of nontraditional attitudes. Our rationale builds from the fact that a desired learning outcome of college education
-
Motivational Intensity in Emotion Regulation Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-14 Tony Gutentag, Elise K. Kalokerinos, Yael Millgram, Paul M. Garrett, Rachel Sobel, Maya Tamir
Changing how we feel can be adaptive, but it is also difficult and may require effort. There is research on what people want to achieve in emotion regulation (motivational content), but there is little research on how intensely people pursue what they want to achieve (motivational intensity). We tested the role of motivational intensity in emotion regulation, by assessing (Studies 1–2, Ns = 160 and
-
The Effects of the 2020 BLM Protests on Racial Bias in the United States Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-14 Maximilian A. Primbs, Rob W. Holland, Freek Oude Maatman, Tessa A. M. Lansu, Ruddy Faure, Gijsbert Bijlstra
The 2020 Black Lives Matter (BLM) protests in response to the murder of George Floyd highlighted the lingering structural inequalities faced by Black people in the United States. In the present research, we investigated whether these protests led to reduced implicit and explicit racial bias among White U.S. Americans. Combining data from Project Implicit, Armed Conflict Location Event Data Project
-
Multimodal Cues to Change Your Mind: The Intertwining of Faces, Voices, and Behaviors in Impression Updating Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-09-07 Matteo Masi, Simone Mattavelli, Fabio Fasoli, Marco Brambilla
Impressions of others are formed from multiple cues, including facial features, vocal tone, and behavioral descriptions, and may be subject to multimodal updating. Four experiments ( N = 803) examined the influence of a target’s face or voice on impression updating. Experiments 1a-1b examined whether behavior-based impressions are susceptible to updating by incongruent information conveyed by the target’s
-
Corrigendum to Positive Feedback as a Lever to Boost Students’ STEM Outcomes Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-31
-
Reflexive Activation of Monoracial Categories During Multiracial Categorization Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-28 John Andrew H. Chwe, David J. Lick, Jonathan B. Freeman
Previous research has examined the real-time cognitive processes underlying perceivers’ ability to resolve racial ambiguity into monoracial categorizations, but such processes for multiracial categorizations are less clear. Using a novel, three-choice mouse-tracking paradigm, we found that when perceivers categorized faces as multiracial their hand movements revealed an initial attraction to a monoracial
-
Looking White But Feeling Asian: The Role of Perceived Membership Permeability and Perceived Discrimination in Multiracial-Monoracial Alliances Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-19 Wilson N. Merrell, Nadia Vossoughi, Nour S. Kteily, Arnold K. Ho
Relatively little is known about the extent to which multiracial people stand in solidarity with their parent groups. Here, we draw from social identity theory to examine predictors of Asian-White multiracial people’s solidarity with Asian and White people, Asian monoracial people’s meta-perceptions of these solidarity levels, and consequences of these meta-perceptions for intergroup relations. Studies
-
Vicarious Dissonance: Pre-Registered Meta-Analysis Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-10 Sara Jaubert, Adrien Alejandro Fillon, Lionel Souchet, Fabien Girandola
The vicarious cognitive dissonance process predicts that observing an inconsistent act by a member of the ingroup causes uncomfortable arousal in the observer, inducing a motivation to reduce this discomfort. This meta-analysis examined the effect of vicarious cognitive dissonance based on 24 studies ( N = 16,769). Our results indicated a small effect for the vicarious cognitive dissonance ( g = 0
-
Talking About Privilege: Framing Inequality as Advantage Is More Likely for Inequality in Positive Than in Negative Outcomes Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-06 Annette Malapally, Susanne Bruckmüller
Inequality is often one-sidedly framed as disadvantage, a practice identified as problematic by empirical research and critical scholarship, as it renders privilege invisible and shapes perceptions of and reactions to inequality. Importantly, inequality can mean differences in positive (e.g., promotions) or negative outcomes (e.g., harassment). Drawing on cognitive processes involved in (group) comparisons
-
Online Signals of Extremist Mobilization Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Olivia Brown, Laura G. E. Smith, Brittany I. Davidson, Daniel Racek, Adam Joinson
Psychological theories of mobilization tend to focus on explaining people’s motivations for action, rather than mobilization (“activation”) processes. To investigate the online behaviors associated with mobilization, we compared the online communications data of 26 people who subsequently mobilized to right-wing extremist action and 48 people who held similar extremist views but did not mobilize (
-
Devaluation of Attractive Alternatives: How Those With Poor Inhibitory Ability Preemptively Resist Temptation Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-31 John E. Lydon, Hasagani Tissera, Emile Auger, Midori Nishioka
How do people resist in-the-moment temptation if they are poor at inhibiting their impulses? Theory on self-control suggests that people have a toolbox of strategies available to them that may be used preemptively to dampen temptations. Applying this to the goal of relationship maintenance, in two studies, we examined whether people motivated to maintain their romantic relationship but poor at inhibitory
-
Perceiving Others Through a Screen: Are First Impressions of Personality Accurate and Normative via Videoconferencing? Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-30 Marie-Catherine Mignault, Hasagani Tissera, Jamie Cecere, Zoe Fargnoli-Brown, Lauren Human
The use of videoconferencing platforms has globally risen to facilitate face-to-face communication since the onset of COVID-19. But how do our first impressions of people we meet on Zoom compare to in-person interactions? Specifically, do we view others’ personalities as accurately (in line with their unique personality) and normatively (in line with the average, desirable personality) as in-person
-
Positive Feedback as a Lever to Boost Students’ STEM Outcomes Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-30 Lora E. Park, Deborah E. Ward, Deborah Moore-Russo, Brian Rickard, Valerie Vessels, Joseph Hundley
Although many college students intend to major in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM), dropout from these fields is high, especially among members of historically underrepresented groups, such as women and racial-ethnic minorities. We propose a minimal, yet potentially powerful intervention to broaden participation in STEM: giving positive feedback to students in STEM. Studies
-
Morality, Social Inclusion, and In-Group Superiority: The Differential Role of Individualizing and Binding Foundations in Perceptions of the Social Identity of In-Group and Out-Group Members Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-30 Adi Amit, Eitan Venzhik
Research into social identity and morality judgments typically focuses on how the former influences the latter. We approach this theme from the opposite direction, establishing the influence of morality on perceptions of social identity. In three studies, conducted in two cultures, we show that in-group members acting immorally are excluded from the group. Extending this investigation to the overlooked
-
Financial Mindfulness: A Scale Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-30 Emily N. Garbinsky, Simon J. Blanchard, Lena Kim
The concept of mindfulness has enjoyed much resonance among researchers. Despite this past work, we argue there is a need for a domain-specific conceptualization and measure of financial mindfulness (FM). We first define FM as “the tendency to be highly aware of one’s current objective financial state while possessing an acceptance of that state,” and, second, develop and validate an eight-item scale
-
Unconstrained Descriptions of Facebook Profile Pictures Support High-Dimensional Models of Impression Formation Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-30 Paul Connor, Gandalf Nicolas, Stephen Antonoplis, Alex Koch
Dominant models of impression formation focus on two fundamental dimensions: a horizontal dimension of warmth/communion/trustworthiness and a vertical dimension of competence/agency/dominance. However, these models have typically been studied using theory-driven methods and stimuli of restricted complexity. We used a data-driven approach and naturalistic stimuli to explore the latent dimensions underlying
-
Falling Vocal Intonation Signals Speaker Confidence and Conditionally Boosts Persuasion Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-30 Thomas I. Vaughan-Johnston, Joshua J. Guyer, Leandre R. Fabrigar, Grigorios Lamprinakos, Pablo Briñol
People are often advised to project confidence with their bodies and voices to convince others. Prior research has focused on the high and low thinking processes through which vocal confidence signals (e.g., fast speed, falling intonation, low pitch) can influence attitude change. In contrast, this research examines how the vocal confidence of speakers operates under more moderate elaboration levels
-
Beyond the Dichotomy: Creation and Validation of a Continuous Statewide Index of U.S. Honor Culture Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-30 Henry N. Lopez, Jarrod E. Bock, Ryan Brown, Susan E. Cross
Honor cultures are characterized by a heightened sensitivity to reputation threats and strong expectations for the defense of honor. U.S. states vary in the extent to which they express the cultural norms of honor, but researchers have frequently relied upon a dichotomous classification that differentiates states as honor or dignity states. We created and validated a continuous, six-item index of honor
-
Blame the System, not the Victim: Understanding the Lack of Advocacy for Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-27 Julisa J. Lopez, Jamie L. Yellowtail, Andres Pinedo, Tanya M. Smith, Kristina G. Chamberlin, Stephanie A. Fryberg, Arianne E. Eason
More than 5,000 Native American and Alaska Native women and girls go missing annually in the United States, and murder is the third leading cause of death for those aged 10 to 24. The current studies assess why, despite such statistics, individuals who are not Native American fail to advocate for Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls (MMIWG). The Pilot Study ( N = 205) and Study 1 ( N = 3
-
The Self Choice Effect When Choosing for Others Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-27 Mayson C. Astle, Brandon J. Schmeichel
People tend to remember information from which they chose better than information assigned to them—a pattern known as the self-choice effect. The present studies tested the hypothesis that choosing for another person also improves memory. Studies 1a and 1b found that choosing for self and choosing for others both enhance memory compared with having no choice. Study 2 found that choosing for others
-
Love Lost in Translation: Avoidant Individuals Inaccurately Perceive Their Partners’ Positive Emotions During Love Conversations Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-27 Stéphanie E. M. Gauvin, Jessica A. Maxwell, Emily A. Impett, Geoff MacDonald
Empathic accuracy—the ability to decipher others’ thoughts and feelings—promotes relationship satisfaction. Those high in attachment avoidance tend to be less empathically accurate; however, past research has been limited to relatively negative or neutral contexts. We extend work on attachment and empathic accuracy to the positive context of love. To do so, we combined data from three dyadic studies
-
Institutional Change Affects Perceived and Personal Intergroup Attitudes Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-07-27 Kate A. Ratliff, Jacqueline M. Chen, Nicole Lofaro
This research tested whether institutional change impacts policy support and attitudes toward the social groups impacted by policy change. Study 1 demonstrated across a variety of topics that, when a hypothetical state legislature banned (vs. affirmed) a practice (e.g., allowing companies to implement mandatory anti-racism training), participants perceived less support for the policy and more negative
-
Personality Traits and Insurance Demand Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-24 Thomas Schilling, Wiebke Bleidorn
Personality traits drive people’s financial decisions and hence affect their lives. Yet, we know little about the relationship between personality traits and insurance decisions. Do Risk-Taking, the Big Five and Locus of Control predict a variety of personal insurance decisions? Using a sample of 14,624 German adults with the goal of identifying associations between personality and insurance demand
-
Unraveling Image and Justice Concerns: A Social Identity Account on Appraisals and Emotional Drivers of High-Status Transgressor Group Members' Solidarity With Low-Status Groups. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-18 Hakan Çakmak,Ernestine H Gordijn,Yasin Koc,Katherine E Stroebe
High-status group members typically respond defensively when their ingroup members transgress against low-status groups. However, when they identify highly with transgressor groups, they sometimes also engage in solidarity with victimized low-status groups due to ingroup-focused motives. Yet, the response of low-identified transgressor group members, who can prioritize victims' plight over ingroup
-
Today's Adolescents Are More Satisfied With Being Single: Findings From a German Cohort-Sequential Study Among 14- to 40-Year-Olds. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-10 Tita Gonzalez Avilés,Janina Larissa Bühler,Naemi D Brandt,Franz J Neyer
In Western societies, singlehood has become increasingly normative over historical time. But whether singles are more satisfied nowadays remains unclear. In this preregistered cohort-sequential study, we analyzed data from 2,936 German participants (M = 21.01 years, SD = 7.60 years) from different birth cohorts. Singlehood satisfaction and life satisfaction were reported annually at two different time
-
The Biased Enforcement of Rarely Followed Rules. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-05 Jordan Wylie,Katlyn Lee Milless,John Sciarappo,Ana Gantman
We examined whether the enforcement of phantom rules-frequently broken and rarely enforced codified rules-varies by the race of the rule breaker. First, we analyzed whether race affects when 311 calls, a nonemergency service, end in arrest in New York City. Across 10 years, we found that calls from census blocks of neighborhoods consisting of mostly White individuals were 65% less likely to escalate
-
Many Mickles Make a Muckle: Evidence That Gender Stereotypes Reemerge Spontaneously Via Cultural Evolution. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-03 Carolyn J Dallimore,Kenny Smith,Jacqui Hutchison,Gillian Slessor,Douglas Martin
We explore whether societal gender stereotypes re-emerge as social information is repeatedly passed from person to person. We examined whether peoples' memories of personality attributes associated with female and male social targets became increasingly consistent with societal gender stereotypes as information was passed down social transmission chains. After passing through the memories of just four
-
Awareness and Calibration: The Role of Descriptive Norms and Social Desirability in Accurate IAT Score Predictions of Food Items vs. Social Groups. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-03 Alexandra Goedderz,Adam Hahn
Extending research that people are able to predict the patterns of their social group biases on Implicit Association Tests (IATs), we let participants predict and complete IATs toward five different food item pairs and compared the results with the social-groups domain. Participants predicted the patterns of their IAT scores with similar accuracy in both domains, suggesting similar internal awareness
-
Nuanced HEXACO: A Meta-Analysis of HEXACO Cross-Rater Agreement, Heritability, and Rank-Order Stability. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-06-03 Sam Henry,Will Baker,Denis Bratko,Patrick Jern,Christian Kandler,Joshua M Tybur,Reinout E de Vries,Laura W Wesseldijk,Alexandra Zapko-Willmes,Tom Booth,René Mõttus
Most Five-Factor Model (FFM) questionnaire items contain unique variance that is partly heritable, stable, and consensually observable, demonstrates consistent associations with age and sex, and predicts life outcomes beyond higher order factors. Extending these findings to the HEXACO model, we meta-analyzed single-item cross-rater agreement, heritability, and 2-year stability using samples from six
-
Global Ecology and Geography of Gender Equality Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-05-10 Evert Van de Vliert, Esther S. Kluwer
Proximal socio-economic drivers of gender equality tend to obscure its remote ecological origins. General systems theory predicts that the greater annual variability in daylength, temperature, and daily precipitation at higher latitudes requires greater psychosocial flexibility. We extend this prediction to gender equality as a likely consequence. Accordingly, for 87 pre-industrial societies after
-
Mental Contrasting Strategies Promote the Pursuit of Difficult Goals: Japanese Cultural Context Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-05-10 Miki Toyama, Masato Nagamine, Li Tang
We examined whether mental contrasting inhibits the pursuit of difficult goals in an Eastern culture—Japan—rooted in self-improvement. Our pilot study found that, compared with American participants, Japanese participants did not perceive a difficult situation as a cue to abandon their goal and pursue alternative objectives. Studies 1a–1c found that mental contrasting encouraged Japanese participants
-
Mobilize Is a Verb: The Use of Verbs and Concrete Language Is Associated With Authors’ and Readers’ Perceptions of a Text’s Action Orientation and Persuasiveness Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Magdalena Formanowicz, Marta Beneda, Marta Witkowska, Jan Nikadon, Caterina Suitner
In three studies, we investigated the role of linguistic features characterizing texts aiming to mobilize others. In Study 1 ( N = 728), participants produced a leaflet either mobilizing others to engage in an action or expressing their thoughts about that action, and evaluated how action-oriented their text was. Mobilizing texts included more verbs and concrete words, and the presence of these linguistic
-
On the Defensive: Identity, Language, and Partisan Reactions to Political Scandal Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-05-06 Pierce D. Ekstrom, Marti Hope Gonzales, Allison L. Williams, Elliot Weiner, Rafael Aguilera
We investigated how individuals judge politicians embroiled in scandal. Drawing on social identity and realistic group conflict theory, we predicted that beyond an overall ingroup bias, partisans would be particularly forgiving of in-party politicians who denied or justified their misconduct rather than apologize for it. By insisting that they did nothing wrong, these politicians defend the public
-
Thank You for Changing: Gratitude Promotes Autonomous Motivation and Successful Partner Regulation Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-29 Natalie M. Sisson, Yoobin Park, Nickola C. Overall, Haeyoung Gideon Park, Matthew D. Johnson, Jennifer E. Stellar, Bonnie M. Le, Emily A. Impett
Romantic partners often attempt to improve their relationship by changing each other’s traits and behaviors, but such partner regulation is often unsuccessful. We examined whether gratitude expressed by agents (i.e., partners requesting change) facilitates greater regulation success from targets (i.e., partners making change) by encouraging targets’ autonomous motivation. Across studies, including
-
Managers Can Support Employees in Working-Class Contexts by Promoting Growth Mindsets Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-29 Inhyun Han, Peter Belmi, Melissa Thomas-Hunt, Catherine Summers
White-collar workplaces are critical “gateway” contexts. They play a crucial role in providing valuable opportunities and upward social mobility. Some groups are less likely, however, to feel they belong in these settings. For example, those with a college degree may feel relatively at ease. However, those without may be uncertain about whether they will be fully included. We examine one possibility
-
The Privileges We Do and Do Not See: The Relative Salience of Interpersonal and Circumstantial Benefits Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-26 Julia M. Smith, Shai Davidai, Tom Gilovich
People attend more to disadvantages in their lives than to advantages, a phenomenon known as the Headwinds/Tailwinds Asymmetry. In seven studies ( N = 1,526), we present an important caveat to this pattern: When people do notice and acknowledge their advantages, they mostly focus on the benefits they receive from other people (i.e., interpersonal benefits), as opposed to benefits they receive because
-
Target Happiness Attenuates Perceivers’ Moral Condemnation of Prejudiced People Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-25 Hope Rose, Christopher A. Sanders, Chloe Willett, Laura A. King
Five experiments (combined N = 4,915) tested the prediction that the moral boost of happiness would persist for social targets with moral failings. In Studies 1 and 2, White and Black participants, respectively, judged happy (versus unhappy) racist targets more morally good. In Study 3, happy (versus unhappy) racist targets were judged more morally good and less (more) likely to engage in racist (good)
-
Differential Behavioral Pathways Linking Personality to Leadership Emergence and Effectiveness in Groups Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Tobias M. Härtel, Felix Hoch, Mitja D. Back
This study integrates leadership process models with process models of personality and behavioral personality science to examine the behavioral–perceptual pathways that explain interpersonal personality traits’ divergent relation to group leadership evaluations. We applied data from an online group interaction study ( N = 364) alternately assigning participants as leaders conducting brief tasks. We
-
Relationships on a Pedestal: The Associations Between Relationship Pedestal Beliefs, Fear of Being Single, and Life Satisfaction in Single and Coupled Individuals Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-24 Brittany E. Dennett, Yuthika U. Girme
The fear of being single can put people at risk for worse personal and relational well-being. The current research moves beyond individual-deficit models by exploring whether endorsement of relationship pedestal beliefs—the belief that people need to be in a relationship to be truly happy—is associated with greater fear of being single. Across four studies ( N = 641 single individuals and 256 coupled
-
Perceived Power Polarizes Moral Evaluations Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-23 Russell Roberts, Alex Koch
We show an interactive effect of perceiver-target similarity in ideological beliefs and target power on impressions of target morality. Consistent with prior research, perceivers rated targets with dissimilar ideologies as less moral than targets with similar ideologies, but this difference in ratings was magnified for powerful targets relative to less powerful targets. We argue that these results
-
Be the Change You Want to See: Intergroup Helping Reduces InGroup Bias and Facilitates OutGroup Bias in Trading Behaviors Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Makenzie J. O’Neil, Ryan S. Hampton, Michelle N. Shiota
This research investigated how an instance of intergroup helping affects intergroup attitudes and cooperative behavior. Past research demonstrates that helping behavior elicits prosociality, both reciprocally and toward uninvolved third parties. However, much of this research has either ignored group membership altogether or has assumed a shared group identity between benefactor and beneficiary. Where
-
Weiner’s Attribution-Emotion-Action Model: Uncovering the Mediating Role of Self-Blame and the Moderating Effect of the Helper’s Responsibility for the Help Recipient’s Behavior Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Elvin Yao, Jason T. Siegel
Seven preregistered experimental studies investigated a potential mediator (self-blame) and moderator (the perceived responsibility of the helper for the help recipient’s behavior) of Weiner’s attribution-emotion-action model. When participants considered a nonchild close other experiencing depression, higher perceived controllability was related to lower sympathy, which correlated with less willingness
-
Intersectional Male-Centric and White-Centric Biases in Collective Concepts Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-13 April H. Bailey, Adina Williams, Aashna Poddar, Andrei Cimpian
In principle, the fundamental concepts person, woman, and man should apply equally to people of different genders and races/ethnicities. In reality, these concepts might prioritize certain groups over others. Based on interdisciplinary theories of androcentrism, we hypothesized that (a) person is more associated with men than women (person = man) and (b) woman is more associated with women than man
-
Distributing Blame Among Multiple Entities When Autonomous Technologies Cause Harm Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-13 Ryan M. McManus, Catherine C. Mesick, Abraham M. Rutchick
As autonomous technology emerges, new variations in old questions arise. When autonomous technologies cause harm, who is to blame? The current studies compare reactions toward harms caused by human-controlled vehicles (HCVs) or human soldiers (HSs) to identical harms by autonomous vehicles (AVs) or autonomous robot soldiers. Drivers of HCVs, or HSs, were blamed more than mere users of AVs or HSs who
-
People Reject Free Money and Cheap Deals Because They Infer Phantom Costs Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Andrew J. Vonasch, Reyhane Mofradidoost, Kurt Gray
If money is good, then shouldn’t more money always be better? Perhaps not. Traditional economic theories suggest that money is an ever-increasing incentivizer. If someone will accept a job for US$20/hr, they should be more likely to accept the same job for US$30/hr and especially for US$250/hr. However, 10 preregistered, high-powered studies ( N = 4,205, in the United States and Iran) reveal how increasing
-
Taking Stock and Looking Forward to the Future of Pathogen Politics in Light of New Insights and Recommendations: COVID-19 Threat Was Meaningfully Associated With Support for Liberal Policies in the United States Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Michael Edem Fiagbenu
Infectious disease outbreaks are expected to predict support for conservative policies. However, earlier studies (January–June, 2020) reached conflicting findings regarding the association between COVID-19 threat and policy preferences in the United States. We revisit this issue by analyzing five nationally representative surveys conducted during the relatively severe periods of the pandemic (August
-
Ostracism Experiences of Sexual Minorities: Investigating Targets’ Experiences and Perceptions by Others Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Christiane M. Büttner, Selma C. Rudert, Sven Kachel
Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people face frequent discrimination, maltreatment, and violence for transgressing gender roles upheld in heteronormative societies. Ostracism (i.e., being excluded and ignored) is likely another, understudied form of discrimination against sexual minorities. In a multi-method approach using a nationally representative panel ( N = 4104) and experience sampling data (
-
Attitude Formation in More- and Less-Complex Social Environments Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-29 Hans Alves, Vincent Yzerbyt, Christian Unkelbach
We investigate how the complexity of the social environment (more vs. less groups) influences attitude formation. We hypothesize that facing a larger number of groups renders learning processes about these groups noisier and more regressive, which has two important implications. First, more-complex social environments should lead perceivers to underestimate actual group differences. Second, because
-
On the Role of Police Shootings, Recognition of Systemic Racism, and Empathy on White Americans’ Support for Police Reform Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Diane-Jo Bart-Plange, Sophie Trawalter
The police kill Black Americans at disproportionate rates. Despite this, White Americans remain mixed on support for policing-related policy reform. We examined whether bearing witness to police violence leads to support for policy reforms. Across three studies ( N = 943), White participants either viewed a news video about an unarmed Black man killed at the hands of police or in a car accident due
-
Investigating How High Perceived Economic Inequality Exacerbates Intergroup Competition, Zero-Sum Beliefs, and Perceived Intergroup Prejudice Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Jaclyn A. Lisnek, Nava Caluori, Jazmin L. Brown-Iannuzzi, Shigehiro Oishi
Rising economic inequality is associated with more prejudice. Little empirical data, however, investigate how inequality affects individuals’ psychological processing and, in turn, exacerbates perceptions of prejudice in people’s geographic area. We hypothesized that higher perceived economic inequality triggers beliefs that unequal economies are zero-sum and leads to beliefs that people are in competition
-
Does Conceptual Abstraction Moderate Whether Past Moral Deeds Motivate Consistency or Compensatory Behavior? A Registered Replication and Extension of Conway and Peetz (2012) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Jareef Martuza, Olivia Kim
A long-standing debate in psychology concerns whether doing something good or bad leads to more of the same or the opposite. Conway and Peetz proposed that conceptual abstraction moderates if past moral deeds lead to consistent or compensatory behavior. Although cited 384 times across disciplines, we did not find any direct replications. It was also unclear how increases or decreases from one’s baseline
-
“Not Now, I Am Too Stressed”: Stress and Physical Intimacy in Early Marriage Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Alyssa M. Sucrese, Lisa A. Neff, Marci E. J. Gleason
Stressful events can disrupt couples’ emotional connection, yet prior research is mixed regarding whether stress also disrupts couples’ physical intimacy. This study considered whether stress must reach a critical threshold before hindering couples’ sexual activity and physical affection (i.e., a curvilinear association). Couples ( N = 144 couples plus four additional wives) completed two 14-day daily
-
Nostalgia, Ritual Engagement, and Meaning in Life Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Yige Yin, Tonglin Jiang, Tim Wildschut, Constantine Sedikides
Rituals are pervasive and beneficial. Little is known, however, about causes or antecedents of ritual engagement. We hypothesized that nostalgia—a sentimental longing for one’s past—promotes ritual engagement, which in turn augments meaning in life. We tested this hypothesis in five methodologically diverse studies. In Study 1 ( N = 311), nostalgia was positively associated with ritual engagement.
-
Impacts of Unethical Behavior on Self-Esteem: A Contingent Dual-Process Model Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Yuan Liang, Lingling Huang, Li Liu, Xuyun Tan, Deyun Ren
Previous studies have reported mixed findings on how and why unethical behavior affects self-esteem. To address this issue, a contingent dual-process model is proposed and tested. The model postulates a negative impact of unethical behavior on self-esteem through decreased morality, a positive effect through increased competence, and the relative strength of these two paths depending on system-justifying
-
Setting Appropriateness and Romantic Relationship Initiation Success Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Katie N. Adams, Omri Gillath
Does the setting in which a relationship initiation attempt occurs matter to its success? Identical initiations could yield differential success if enacted in different settings. Data from five independent samples highlight the role settings play in the perception of (hypothetical) relationship initiation attempts and (expectations of) their success. Study 1a sourced a wide variety of settings for
-
Prototypes of Victims of Workplace Harassment Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Ignazio Ziano, Evan Polman
What do people think of when they think of workplace harassment? In 13 pre-registered studies with French, British, and U.S. American adult participants ( N = 3,892), we conducted a multi-method investigation into people’s social prototypes of victims of workplace harassment. We found people imagined such victims in physically, socially, psychologically, and economically different ways compared with
-
Volitional Change in Pathological Traits: Can People Change Their Maladaptive Traits? Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (IF 3.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Sierra M. Rufino, Nathan W. Hudson, Julia L. Briskin
Research suggests people want to change their normative personality traits—and they can volitionally do so. However, studies have not yet addressed volitional change in pathological personality. Consequently, the current study examined (a) people’s desires to change pathological traits, (b) whether these change goals predict subsequent trait change, (c) whether this withstands controlling normative