-
Macrophages in microgravity: the impact of space on immune cells npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2021-03-31 Christopher Ludtka, Justin Silberman, Erika Moore, Josephine B. Allen
The effects of a microgravity environment on the myriad types of immune cells present within the human body have been assessed both by bench-scale simulation and suborbital methods, as well as in true spaceflight. Macrophages have garnered increased research interest in this context in recent years. Their functionality in both immune response and tissue remodeling makes them a unique cell to investigate
-
Analysis of the effects of spaceflight and local administration of thrombopoietin to a femoral defect injury on distal skeletal sites npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2021-03-26 Ariane Zamarioli, Zachery R. Campbell, Kevin A. Maupin, Paul J. Childress, Joao P. B. Ximenez, Gremah Adam, Nabarun Chakraborty, Aarti Gautam, Rasha Hammamieh, Melissa A. Kacena
With increased human presence in space, bone loss and fractures will occur. Thrombopoietin (TPO) is a recently patented bone healing agent. Here, we investigated the systemic effects of TPO on mice subjected to spaceflight and sustaining a bone fracture. Forty, 9-week-old, male, C57BL/6 J were divided into 4 groups: (1) Saline+Earth; (2) TPO + Earth; (3) Saline+Flight; and (4) TPO + Flight (n = 10/group)
-
Effects of spaceflight aboard the International Space Station on mouse estrous cycle and ovarian gene expression npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2021-03-12 Xiaoman Hong, Anamika Ratri, Sungshin Y. Choi, Joseph S. Tash, April E. Ronca, Joshua S. Alwood, Lane K. Christenson
Ovarian steroids dramatically impact normal homeostatic and metabolic processes of most tissues within the body, including muscle, bone, neural, immune, cardiovascular, and reproductive systems. Determining the effects of spaceflight on the ovary and estrous cycle is, therefore, critical to our understanding of all spaceflight experiments using female mice. Adult female mice (n = 10) were exposed to
-
Evaluating the effect of spaceflight on the host–pathogen interaction between human intestinal epithelial cells and Salmonella Typhimurium npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2021-03-09 Jennifer Barrila, Shameema F. Sarker, Nicole Hansmeier, Shanshan Yang, Kristina Buss, Natalia Briones, Jin Park, Richard R. Davis, Rebecca J. Forsyth, C. Mark Ott, Kevin Sato, Cristine Kosnik, Anthony Yang, Cheryl Shimoda, Nicole Rayl, Diana Ly, Aaron Landenberger, Stephanie D. Wilson, Naoko Yamazaki, Jason Steel, Camila Montano, Rolf U. Halden, Tom Cannon, Sarah L. Castro-Wallace, Cheryl A. Nickerson
Spaceflight uniquely alters the physiology of both human cells and microbial pathogens, stimulating cellular and molecular changes directly relevant to infectious disease. However, the influence of this environment on host–pathogen interactions remains poorly understood. Here we report our results from the STL-IMMUNE study flown aboard Space Shuttle mission STS-131, which investigated multi-omic responses
-
Benchmarking surface tension measurement method using two oscillation modes in levitated liquid metals npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2021-03-09 Nevin Brosius, Kevin Ward, Evan Wilson, Zachary Karpinsky, Michael SanSoucie, Takehiko Ishikawa, Satoshi Matsumoto, Ranga Narayanan
The Faraday forcing method in levitated liquid droplets has recently been introduced as a method for measuring surface tension using resonance. By subjecting an electrostatically levitated liquid metal droplet to a continuous, oscillatory, electric field, at a frequency nearing that of the droplet’s first principal mode of oscillation (known as mode 2), the method was previously shown to determine
-
Modeled microgravity alters lipopolysaccharide and outer membrane vesicle production of the beneficial symbiont Vibrio fischeri npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2021-03-08 Madeline M. Vroom, Yaneli Rodriguez-Ocasio, Jonathan B. Lynch, Edward G. Ruby, Jamie S. Foster
Reduced gravity, or microgravity, can have a pronounced impact on the physiology of animals, but the effects on their associated microbiomes are not well understood. Here, the impact of modeled microgravity on the shedding of Gram-negative lipopolysaccharides (LPS) by the symbiotic bacterium Vibrio fischeri was examined using high-aspect ratio vessels. LPS from V. fischeri is known to induce developmental
-
The influence of spaceflight and simulated microgravity on bacterial motility and chemotaxis npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2021-02-22 Jacqueline M. Acres, Myka Jaap Youngapelian, Jay Nadeau
As interest in space exploration rises, there is a growing need to quantify the impact of microgravity on the growth, survival, and adaptation of microorganisms, including those responsible for astronaut illness. Motility is a key microbial behavior that plays important roles in nutrient assimilation, tissue localization and invasion, pathogenicity, biofilm formation, and ultimately survival. Very
-
Single-bubble EHD behavior into water two-phase flow under electric-field stress and gravitational acceleration using PFM npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2021-02-18 Maryam Aliakbary Mianmahale, Arjomand Mehrabani-Zeinabad, Masoud Habibi Zare, Mahdi Ghadiri
In this study, single-bubble electro-hydrodynamic effects on the two-phase laminar flow of water under electric field stress are investigated using numerical modeling. A 2D axisymmetric model is also developed to study the growth and departure of a single bubble. The phase-field method is applied to track the interphase between liquid and gas. The growth of the attached vapor bubble nucleus to a superheat
-
A review of alterations to the brain during spaceflight and the potential relevance to crew in long-duration space exploration npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2021-02-16 Meaghan Roy-O’Reilly, Ajitkumar Mulavara, Thomas Williams
During spaceflight, the central nervous system (CNS) is exposed to a complex array of environmental stressors. However, the effects of long-duration spaceflight on the CNS and the resulting impact to crew health and operational performance remain largely unknown. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding spaceflight-associated changes to the brain as measured by magnetic resonance
-
The combined effects of simulated microgravity and X-ray radiation on MC3T3-E1 cells and rat femurs npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2021-02-15 Jingjing Dong, Honghui Wang, Gaozhi Li, Ke Wang, Yingjun Tan, Lijun Zhang, Yixuan Wang, Zebing Hu, Xinsheng Cao, Fei Shi, Shu Zhang
Microgravity is well-known to induce Osteopenia. However, the combined effects of microgravity and radiation that commonly exist in space have not been broadly elucidated. This research investigates the combined effects on MC3T3-E1 cells and rat femurs. In MC3T3-E1 cells, simulated microgravity and X-ray radiation, alone or combination, show decreased cell activity, increased apoptosis rates by flow
-
Six degrees head-down tilt bed rest caused low-grade hemolysis: a prospective randomized clinical trial npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2021-02-15 Kathryn Culliton, Hakim Louati, Odette Laneuville, Tim Ramsay, Guy Trudel
This study aimed to measure hemolysis before, during and after 60 days of the ground-based spaceflight analog bed rest and the effect of a nutritional intervention through a prospective randomized clinical trial. Twenty male participants were hospitalized for 88 days comprised of 14 days of ambulatory baseline, 60 days of 6° head-down tilt bed rest and 14 days of reambulation. Ten participants each
-
Gravity sensing in plant and animal cells npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2021-02-08 Ken Takahashi, Hideyuki Takahashi, Takuya Furuichi, Masatsugu Toyota, Makoto Furutani-Seiki, Takeshi Kobayashi, Haruko Watanabe-Takano, Masahiro Shinohara, Takuro Numaga-Tomita, Asako Sakaue-Sawano, Atsushi Miyawaki, Keiji Naruse
Gravity determines shape of body tissue and affects the functions of life, both in plants and animals. The cellular response to gravity is an active process of mechanotransduction. Although plants and animals share some common mechanisms of gravity sensing in spite of their distant phylogenetic origin, each species has its own mechanism to sense and respond to gravity. In this review, we discuss current
-
Regular exercise counteracts circadian shifts in core body temperature during long-duration bed rest npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2021-01-05 Stefan Mendt, Hanns-Christian Gunga, Dieter Felsenberg, Daniel L. Belavy, Mathias Steinach, Alexander C. Stahn
With NASA’s plans for the human exploration of Mars, astronauts will be exposed to mission durations much longer than current spaceflight missions on the International Space Station. These mission durations will increase the risk for circadian misalignment. Exercise has gained increasing interest as a non-pharmacological aid to entrain the circadian system. To assess the potential of exercise as a
-
Reviving lower body negative pressure as a countermeasure to prevent pathological vascular and ocular changes in microgravity npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-12-17 Katie M. Harris, Lonnie G. Petersen, Tobias Weber
Mitigation of spaceflight-related pathologies such as spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS) and the recently discovered risk of venous thrombosis must happen before deep space exploration can occur. Lower body negative pressure (LBNP) can simulate gravitational stress during spaceflight that is likely to counteract SANS and venous thrombosis, but the ideal dose and method of delivery
-
Sessile volatile drop evaporation under microgravity npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-12-11 Sanjeev Kumar, Marc Medale, Paolo Di Marco, David Brutin
The evaporation of sessile drops of various volatile and non-volatile liquids, and their internal flow patterns with or without instabilities have been the subject of many investigations. The current experiment is a preparatory one for a space experiment planned to be installed in the European Drawer Rack 2 (EDR-2) of the International Space Station (ISS), to investigate drop evaporation in weightlessness
-
Mechanical loading recovers bone but not muscle lost during unloading npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-12-03 Andrew R. Krause, Toni A. Speacht, Jennifer L. Steiner, Charles H. Lang, Henry J. Donahue
Space travel and prolonged bed rest are examples of mechanical unloading that induce significant muscle and bone loss. The compromised structure and function of bone and muscle owing to unloading make the reloading period a high risk for injury. To explore interactions between skeletal bone and muscle during reloading, we hypothesized that acute external mechanical loading of bone in combination with
-
Low-intensity vibration restores nuclear YAP levels and acute YAP nuclear shuttling in mesenchymal stem cells subjected to simulated microgravity npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Matthew Thompson, Kali Woods, Joshua Newberg, Julia Thom Oxford, Gunes Uzer
Reducing the musculoskeletal deterioration that astronauts experience in microgravity requires countermeasures that can improve the effectiveness of otherwise rigorous and time-expensive exercise regimens in space. The ability of low-intensity vibrations (LIV) to activate force-responsive signaling pathways in cells suggests LIV as a potential countermeasure to improve cell responsiveness to subsequent
-
Additive effects of simulated microgravity and ionizing radiation in cell death, induction of ROS and expression of RAC2 in human bronchial epithelial cells npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-11-05 Shaobo Tan, Weiwei Pei, Hao Huang, Guangming Zhou, Wentao Hu
Radiation and microgravity are undoubtedly two major factors in space environment that pose a health threat to astronauts. However, the mechanistic study of their interactive biological effects is lacking. In this study, human lung bronchial epithelial Beas-2B cells were used to study the regulation of radiobiological effects by simulated microgravity (using a three-dimensional clinostat). It was found
-
Red risks for a journey to the red planet: The highest priority human health risks for a mission to Mars npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-11-05 Zarana S. Patel, Tyson J. Brunstetter, William J. Tarver, Alexandra M. Whitmire, Sara R. Zwart, Scott M. Smith, Janice L. Huff
NASA’s plans for space exploration include a return to the Moon to stay—boots back on the lunar surface with an orbital outpost. This station will be a launch point for voyages to destinations further away in our solar system, including journeys to the red planet Mars. To ensure success of these missions, health and performance risks associated with the unique hazards of spaceflight must be adequately
-
Next-generation sequencing analysis of circulating micro-RNA expression in response to parabolic flight as a spaceflight analogue npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-11-02 Peter Jirak, Bernhard Wernly, Michael Lichtenauer, Marcus Franz, Thorben Knost, Thaer Abusamrah, Malte Kelm, Nana-Yaw Bimpong-Buta, Christian Jung
Understanding physiologic reactions to weightlessness is an indispensable requirement for safe human space missions. This study aims to analyse changes in the expression of circulating miRNAs following exposure to gravitational changes. Eight healthy volunteers (age: 24.5 years, male: 4, female: 4) were included. Each subject underwent 31 short-term phases of weightlessness and hypergravity induced
-
COVID-19—The largest isolation study in history: the value of shared learnings from spaceflight analogs npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-10-22 Alexander Choukér, Alexander C. Stahn
The world is currently experiencing the largest isolation experiment in history. In an attempt to slow down the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic numerous countries across the world have been shutting down economies, education, and public life. Governments have mandated strict regulations of quarantine and social distancing in an unprecedented manner. The effects of these measures on brain, behavior
-
Towards a passive limitation of particle surface contamination in the Columbus module (ISS) during the MATISS experiment of the Proxima Mission npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-10-20 Laurence Lemelle, Lucie Campagnolo, Eléonore Mottin, Denis Le Tourneau, Emmanuel Garre, Pierre Marcoux, Cécile Thévenot, Alain Maillet, Sébastien Barde, Jérémie Teisseire, Guillaume Nonglaton, Christophe Place
Future long-duration human spaceflight calls for developments to limit biocontamination of the surface habitats. The MATISS experiment tests surface treatments in the ISS’s atmosphere. Four sample holders were mounted with glass lamella with hydrophobic coatings, and exposed in the Columbus module for ~6 months. About 7800 particles were detected by tile scanning optical microscopy (×3 and ×30 magnification)
-
Quantitative magnetic resonance image assessment of the optic nerve and surrounding sheath after spaceflight npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-10-08 Jesse J. Rohr, Stuart Sater, Austin M. Sass, Karina Marshall-Goebel, Robert J. Ploutz-Snyder, C. Ross Ethier, Michael B. Stenger, Bryn A. Martin, Brandon R. Macias
A subset of long-duration spaceflight astronauts have experienced ophthalmic abnormalities, collectively termed spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS). Little is understood about the pathophysiology of SANS; however, microgravity-induced alterations in intracranial pressure (ICP) due to headward fluid shifts is the primary hypothesized contributor. In particular, potential changes in optic
-
Hindlimb unloading causes regional loading-dependent changes in osteocyte inflammatory cytokines that are modulated by exogenous irisin treatment npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-10-07 Corinne E. Metzger, S. Anand Narayanan, Peter H. Phan, Susan A. Bloomfield
Disuse-induced bone loss is characterized by alterations in bone turnover. Accruing evidence suggests that osteocytes respond to inflammation and express and/or release pro-inflammatory cytokines; however, it remains largely unknown whether osteocyte inflammatory proteins are influenced by disuse. The goals of this project were (1) to assess osteocyte pro-inflammatory cytokines in the unloaded hindlimb
-
Cardiovascular deconditioning during long-term spaceflight through multiscale modeling npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Caterina Gallo, Luca Ridolfi, Stefania Scarsoglio
Human spaceflight has been fascinating man for centuries, representing the intangible need to explore the unknown, challenge new frontiers, advance technology, and push scientific boundaries further. A key area of importance is cardiovascular deconditioning, that is, the collection of hemodynamic changes—from blood volume shift and reduction to altered cardiac function—induced by sustained presence
-
Brain stimulation in zero gravity: transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) motor threshold decreases during zero gravity induced by parabolic flight npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-09-21 Bashar W. Badran, Kevin A. Caulfield, Claire Cox, James W. Lopez, Jeffrey J. Borckardt, William H. DeVries, Philipp Summers, Suzanne Kerns, Colleen A. Hanlon, Lisa M. McTeague, Mark S. George, Donna R. Roberts
We are just beginning to understand how spaceflight may impact brain function. As NASA proceeds with plans to send astronauts to the Moon and commercial space travel interest increases, it is critical to understand how the human brain and peripheral nervous system respond to zero gravity. Here, we developed and refined head-worn transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) systems capable of reliably and
-
Molecular impact of launch related dynamic vibrations and static hypergravity in planarians. npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-09-08 Nídia de Sousa,Marcello Caporicci,Jeroen Vandersteen,Jose Ignacio Rojo-Laguna,Emili Saló,Teresa Adell,Gennaro Auletta,Jack J W A van Loon
Although many examples of simulated and real microgravity demonstrating their profound effect on biological systems are described in literature, few reports deal with hypergravity and vibration effects, the levels of which are severely increased during the launch preceding the desired microgravity period. Here, we used planarians, flatworms that can regenerate any body part in a few days. Planarians
-
Nanopore sequencing at Mars, Europa, and microgravity conditions. npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-09-07 Christopher E Carr,Noelle C Bryan,Kendall N Saboda,Srinivasa A Bhattaru,Gary Ruvkun,Maria T Zuber
Nanopore sequencing, as represented by Oxford Nanopore Technologies’ MinION, is a promising technology for in situ life detection and for microbial monitoring including in support of human space exploration, due to its small size, low mass (~100 g) and low power (~1 W). Now ubiquitous on Earth and previously demonstrated on the International Space Station (ISS), nanopore sequencing involves translocation
-
Erratum: Author Correction: Spaceflight associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS) and the neuro-ophthalmologic effects of microgravity: a review and an update. npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-08-26 Andrew G Lee,Thomas H Mader,C Robert Gibson,William Tarver,Pejman Rabiei,Roy F Riascos,Laura A Galdamez,Tyson Brunstetter
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
-
Improved feasibility of astronaut short-radius artificial gravity through a 50-day incremental, personalized, vestibular acclimation protocol. npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-08-26 Kathrine N Bretl,Torin K Clark
The “Coriolis” cross-coupled (CC) illusion has historically limited the tolerability of utilizing fast-spin rate, short-radius centrifugation for in-flight artificial gravity. Previous research confirms that humans acclimate to the CC illusion over 10 daily sessions, though the efficacy of additional training is unknown. We investigated human acclimation to the CC illusion over up to 50 daily sessions
-
High intensity training during spaceflight: results from the NASA Sprint Study. npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-08-18 Kirk L English,Meghan Downs,Elizabeth Goetchius,Roxanne Buxton,Jeffrey W Ryder,Robert Ploutz-Snyder,Mark Guilliams,Jessica M Scott,Lori L Ploutz-Snyder
Historically, International Space Station (ISS) exercise countermeasures have not fully protected astronauts’ musculoskeletal and cardiorespiratory fitness. Although these losses have been reduced on more recent missions, decreasing the time required to perform in-flight exercise would permit reallocation of that time to other tasks. To evaluate the effectiveness of a new training prescription, ISS
-
Dynamics of entomopathogenic nematode foraging and infectivity in microgravity. npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-08-10 Fatma Kaplan,David Shapiro-Ilan,Karl Cameron Schiller
Microgravity is a unique environment to elucidate host–parasite biology. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), model parasites, kill host insects with mutualistic bacteria and provide environmentally friendly pest control. It is unknown how microgravity affects a multistep insect invasion by parasites with mutualistic bacteria. EPNs respond directionally to electromagnetic cues and their sinusoidal locomotion
-
Modeling a potential SANS countermeasure by experimental manipulation of the translaminar pressure difference in mice. npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-07-31 Guofu Shen,Schuyler S Link,Xiaofeng Tao,Benjamin J Frankfort
The spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS), which may present after prolonged exposure to microgravity, is thought to occur due to elevated intracranial pressure (ICP). Intracranial pressure interacts with intraocular pressure (IOP) to define the translaminar pressure difference (TLPD; IOP−ICP). We combined inducible models of ICP and IOP elevation in mice to interrogate the relationships
-
Interactome of miRNAs and transcriptome of human umbilical cord endothelial cells exposed to short-term simulated microgravity. npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-07-30 Dharanibalan Kasiviswanathan,Rajadurai Chinnasamy Perumal,Srinivasan Bhuvaneswari,Pavitra Kumar,Lakshmikirupa Sundaresan,Manuel Philip,Sajesh Puthenpurackal Krishnankutty,Suvro Chatterjee
Adaptation of humans in low gravity conditions is a matter of utmost importance when efforts are on to a gigantic leap in human space expeditions for tourism and formation of space colonies. In this connection, cardiovascular adaptation in low gravity is a critical component of human space exploration. Deep high-throughput sequencing approach allowed us to analyze the miRNA and mRNA expression profiles
-
Characterization of amyloid β fibril formation under microgravity conditions. npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-06-12 Maho Yagi-Utsumi,Saeko Yanaka,Chihong Song,Tadashi Satoh,Chiaki Yamazaki,Haruo Kasahara,Toru Shimazu,Kazuyoshi Murata,Koichi Kato
Amyloid fibrils are self-assembled and ordered proteinaceous supramolecules structurally characterized by the cross-β spine. Amyloid formation is known to be related to various diseases typified by neurogenerative disorders and involved in a variety of functional roles. Whereas common mechanisms for amyloid formation have been postulated across diverse systems, the mesoscopic morphology of the fibrils
-
Feasibility, potency, and safety of growing human mesenchymal stem cells in space for clinical application. npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-06-01 Peng Huang,Athena L Russell,Rebecca Lefavor,Nisha C Durand,Elle James,Larry Harvey,Cuiping Zhang,Stefanie Countryman,Louis Stodieck,Abba C Zubair
Growing stem cells on Earth is very challenging and limited to a few population doublings. The standard two-dimensional (2D) culture environment is an unnatural condition for cell growth. Therefore, culturing stem cells aboard the International Space Station (ISS) under a microgravity environment may provide a more natural three-dimensional environment for stem cell expansion and organ development
-
Dose-dependent skeletal deficits due to varied reductions in mechanical loading in rats. npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-05-18 Frank C Ko,Marie Mortreux,Daniela Riveros,Janice A Nagy,Seward B Rutkove,Mary L Bouxsein
Reduced skeletal loading leads to marked bone loss. Animal models of hindlimb suspension are widely used to assess alterations in skeleton during the course of complete unloading. More recently, the effects of partial unloading on the musculoskeletal system have been interrogated in mice and rats, revealing dose-dependent effects of partial weight bearing (PWB) on the skeleton and skeletal muscle.
-
How does spaceflight affect the acquired immune system? npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-05-07 Taishin Akiyama,Kenta Horie,Eiichi Hinoi,Manami Hiraiwa,Akihisa Kato,Yoichi Maekawa,Akihisa Takahashi,Satoshi Furukawa
The impact of spaceflight on the immune system has been investigated extensively during spaceflight missions and in model experiments conducted on Earth. Data suggest that the spaceflight environment may affect the development of acquired immunity, and immune responses. Herein we summarize and discuss the influence of the spaceflight environment on acquired immunity. Bone marrow and the thymus, two
-
A systematic review and meta-analysis of bone loss in space travelers. npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-05-05 Mariya Stavnichuk,Nicholas Mikolajewicz,Tatsuya Corlett,Martin Morris,Svetlana V Komarova
Bone loss in space travelers is a major challenge for long-duration space exploration. To quantify microgravity-induced bone loss in humans, we performed a meta-analysis of studies systematically identified from searching Medline, Embase, Web of Science, BIOSIS, NASA Technical reports, and HathiTrust, with the last update in November 2019. From 25 articles selected to minimize the overlap between reported
-
Protein structural changes on a CubeSat under rocket acceleration profile. npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-04-23 Autumn Luna,Jacob Meisel,Kaitlin Hsu,Silvia Russi,Daniel Fernandez
Catalyzing life-sustaining reactions, proteins are composed by 20 different amino acids that fold into a compact yet flexible three-dimensional architecture, which dictates what their function(s) might be. Determining the spatial arrangement of the atoms, the protein's 3D structure, enables key advances in fundamental and applied research. Protein crystallization is a powerful technique to achieve
-
Growth of microorganisms in an interfacially driven space bioreactor analog npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-04-08 Joe A. Adam, Shreyash Gulati, Amir H. Hirsa, Richard P. Bonocora
-
Thermophysical properties of a Si 50 Ge 50 melt measured on board the International Space Station npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-03-25 Yuansu Luo, Bernd Damaschke, Georg Lohöfer, Konrad Samwer
-
MHD surrogate model for convection in electromagnetically levitated molten metal droplets processed using the ISS-EML facility npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-03-16 Evan B. Baker, Jannatun Nawer, Xiao Xiao, Douglas M. Matson
-
The motor vertical in the absence of gravicentric cues npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-03-03 Otmar Bock, Nils Bury
-
Effect of simulated microgravity on the antidiabetic properties of wheatgrass ( Triticum aestivum ) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-02-24 Wajdy J. Al-Awaida, Ahmad S. Sharab, Hamzeh J. Al-Ameer, Nabil Y. Ayoub
-
Selected discoveries from human research in space that are relevant to human health on Earth. npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-02-12 Mark Shelhamer,Jacob Bloomberg,Adrian LeBlanc,G Kim Prisk,Jean Sibonga,Scott M Smith,Sara R Zwart,Peter Norsk
A substantial amount of life-sciences research has been performed in space since the beginning of human spaceflight. Investigations into bone loss, for example, are well known; other areas, such as neurovestibular function, were expected to be problematic even before humans ventured into space. Much of this research has been applied research, with a primary goal of maintaining the health and performance
-
Spaceflight associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS) and the neuro-ophthalmologic effects of microgravity: a review and an update. npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-02-07 Andrew G Lee,Thomas H Mader,C Robert Gibson,William Tarver,Pejman Rabiei,Roy F Riascos,Laura A Galdamez,Tyson Brunstetter
-
Spaceflight and simulated microgravity conditions increase virulence of Serratia marcescens in the Drosophila melanogaster infection model. npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-02-04 Rachel Gilbert,Medaya Torres,Rachel Clemens,Shannon Hateley,Ravikumar Hosamani,William Wade,Sharmila Bhattacharya
-
Dissipation of oscillatory contact lines using resonant mode scanning. npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-01-21 Yi Xia,Paul H Steen
-
Effects of centrifugation and whole-body vibrations on blood-brain barrier permeability in mice. npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-01-07 David Dubayle,Arnaud Vanden-Bossche,Mathieu Beraneck,Laurence Vico,Jean-Luc Morel
-
Simulated microgravity in the ring-sheared drop. npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2020-01-03 Patrick M McMackin,Shannon R Griffin,Frank P Riley,Shreyash Gulati,Nicholas E Debono,Aditya Raghunandan,Juan M Lopez,Amir H Hirsa
-
Shell potentials for microgravity Bose-Einstein condensates. npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2019-12-04 N Lundblad,R A Carollo,C Lannert,M J Gold,X Jiang,D Paseltiner,N Sergay,D C Aveline
-
Bridging the gap between military prolonged field care monitoring and exploration spaceflight: the compensatory reserve. npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2019-12-04 Taylor E Schlotman,Kris R Lehnhardt,Andrew F Abercromby,Benjamin D Easter,Meghan E Downs,L T C Kevin S Akers,Victor A Convertino
-
Pembrolizumab microgravity crystallization experimentation npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2019-12-02 Paul Reichert, Winifred Prosise, Thierry O. Fischmann, Giovanna Scapin, Chakravarthy Narasimhan, April Spinale, Ray Polniak, Xiaoyu Yang, Erika Walsh, Daya Patel, Wendy Benjamin, Johnathan Welch, Denarra Simmons, Corey Strickland
-
Phenotypic transitions enacted by simulated microgravity do not alter coherence in gene transcription profile npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2019-11-21 Agnese Po, Alessandro Giuliani, Maria Grazia Masiello, Alessandra Cucina, Angela Catizone, Giulia Ricci, Martina Chiacchiarini, Marco Tafani, Elisabetta Ferretti, Mariano Bizzarri
-
Sarcolab pilot study into skeletal muscle’s adaptation to long-term spaceflight npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2018-09-17 Jörn Rittweger,Kirsten Albracht,Martin Flück,Severin Ruoss,Lorenza Brocca,Emanuela Longa,Manuela Moriggi,Olivier Seynnes,Irene Di Giulio,Leonardo Tenori,Alessia Vignoli,Miriam Capri,Cecilia Gelfi,Claudio Luchinat,Claudio Franceschi,Roberto Bottinelli,Paolo Cerretelli,Marco Narici
-
Exposure to an extreme environment comes at a sensorimotor cost npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2018-09-05 Kyoung Jae Kim,Yoav Gimmon,Sharmeen Sorathia,Kara H. Beaton,Michael C. Schubert
-
NASA’s Cold Atom Lab (CAL): system development and ground test status npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2018-08-21 Ethan R. Elliott,Markus C. Krutzik,Jason R. Williams,Robert J. Thompson,David C. Aveline
-
Acceleration profiles and processing methods for parabolic flight npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2018-08-07 Christopher E. Carr,Noelle C. Bryan,Kendall N. Saboda,Srinivasa A. Bhattaru,Gary Ruvkun,Maria T. Zuber
-
Cardiovascular progenitor cells cultured aboard the International Space Station exhibit altered developmental and functional properties npj Micrograv. (IF 3.38) Pub Date : 2018-07-26 Jonathan Baio,Aida F. Martinez,Ivan Silva,Carla V. Hoehn,Stephanie Countryman,Leonard Bailey,Nahidh Hasaniya,Michael J. Pecaut,Mary Kearns-Jonker
Contents have been reproduced by permission of the publishers.