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We Live in Interesting Times: Introduction to the Special Section on Big Data & Behavior Science Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 David J. Cox, Michael E. Young
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Stimulus Avoidance Assessment: A Systematic Literature Review Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Alyssa M. Hurd, Katherine R. Brown, Kayla R. Randall
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A Modern Collaborative Behavior Analytic Approach to Incidental Naming Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2024-02-21
Abstract An important distinction has been drawn within the behavior-analytic literature between two types of naming. Naming that is reinforced is referred to as bidirectional naming, and naming that is not reinforced is referred to as incidental bidirectional naming. According to verbal behavior development theory children who demonstrate incidental naming have developed a verbal behavioral cusp,
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Deictic Relational Responding and Perspective-Taking in Autistic Individuals: A Scoping Review Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Nadine Hempkin, Maithri Sivaraman, Dermot Barnes-Holmes
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The Evolution of the Conceptually Systematic Dimension and Its Current Functions in Applied Behavior Analysis Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Sho Araiba
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A Review of Crying and Caregiving: Crying as a Stimulus Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Jennifer L. Bruzek, Rachel H. Thompson, Benjamin N. Witts
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Lexicon-Based Sentiment Analysis in Behavioral Research Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Ian Cero, Jiebo Luo, John Michael Falligant
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Advancing and Integrating the Cusp Concept to Understand Behavioral Repertoire Dynamics Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2024-01-10
Abstract The behavioral repertoire grows and develops through a lifetime in a manner intricately dependent on bidirectional connections between its current form and the shaping environment. Behavior analysis has discovered many of the key relationships that occur between repertoire elements that govern this constant metamorphosis, including the behavioral cusp: an event that triggers contact with new
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Explaining First Language Acquisition in Terms of Basic Behavioral Processes: Introduction to the Special Section Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-12-11 Anna Ingeborg Petursdottir, Elena Nicoladis
This special section of Perspectives on Behavior Science follows up on a virtual panel discussion on the role of operant and Pavlovian processes in children's language learning. We present four articles, including two contributed by panelists, that illustrate the explanatory power of operant conditioning processes in the study of language.
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Verbal-Like Effects of Nonverbal Stimuli Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-11-22 Lourenço de Souza Barba
Stimuli produced by verbal responses (verbal stimuli) usually reveal something about the speakers who emitted them and about the environment where the verbal responses occurred (i.e., verbal stimuli can evoke in the listeners responses concerning the speakers and their environments). Verbal stimuli can also constitute supplementary stimulation that evokes responses which are already strong in the repertoire
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Using Risk Ratios to Quantify Potential Behavior-Environment Relations Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-11-22 P. Raymond Joslyn, Samuel L. Morris
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A Neurobiological-Behavioral Approach to Predicting and Influencing Private Events Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-10-26 James N. Meindl, Jonathan W. Ivy
The primary goals of behavior analysis are the prediction and influence of behavior. These goals are largely achieved through the identification of functional relations between behaviors and the stimulating environment. Behavior–behavior relations are insufficient to meet these goals. Although this environment–behavior approach has been highly successful when applied to public behaviors, extensions
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Understanding Individual Subject Differences through Large Behavioral Datasets: Analytical and Statistical Considerations Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-09-11 Michelle A. Frankot, Michael E. Young, Cole Vonder Haar
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Reflections and Critical Directions for Toilet Training in Applied Behavior Analysis Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-08-16 Janelle K. Bacotti, Brandon C. Perez, Timothy R. Vollmer
Achieving toileting independence is a critical skill that yields several benefits of pressing social, developmental, and health-related importance. The seminal behavioral approach to toilet training established the conceptualization of continence and framework for toileting research thereafter. Contemporary researchers continue to evaluate toilet training procedures that produce efficacious outcomes
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How to Build and How not to Build an Implicit Measure in Behavior Analysis: A case Study Using the Function Acquisition Speed Test Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-08-11 Aideen Watters, Jamie Cummins, Bryan Roche
This article provides a comprehensive overview of the development of a behavior-analytic alternative to the popular implicit association test (IAT), namely, the function acquisition speed test (FAST). The IAT appears, prima facia, to indirectly assess participants’ learning histories with regard to the categorization of stimuli. However, its origin within cognitive psychology has rendered it replete
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Promoting Reciprocal Relations across Subfields of Behavior Analysis via Collaborations Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-07-26 Mirari Elcoro, James W. Diller, Juan C. Correa
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A Review of Backward Higher-Order Conditioning: Implications for a Pavlovian Conditioning Analysis of Stimulus Equivalence Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-07-20 Benigno Alonso-Alvarez
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Contingent Electric Skin Shock: An Empirical or Ideological Issue? Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-06-26 Nathan Blenkush, Dawn A. O’Neill, John O’Neill
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Report of the ABAI Task Force on Contingent Electric Skin Shock Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-06-15 Michael Perone, Dorothea C. Lerman, Stephanie M. Peterson, Dean C. Williams
As a task force appointed by the Executive Council of the Association for Behavior Analysis International (ABAI), we investigated the clinical use of contingent electric skin shock (CESS) in behavior analytic treatments for severe problem behavior. We studied how CESS is used in contemporary behavior analysis, reinforcement-based alternatives to CESS, and current ethical and professional guidelines
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We Still Have a Lot to Learn Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-06-09 Michael Perone
Use of contingent electric skin shock in the treatment of severe problem behavior has been criticized on the grounds that (a) it is not necessary because function-based procedures using positive reinforcement are just as effective; (b) it violates contemporary ethical standards; and (c) it lacks social validity. There are good reasons to challenge these claims. The meaning of “severe problem behavior”
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Response to ABAI Task Force on the Use of Contingent Electric Skin Shock Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-06-06 Jennifer R. Zarcone, Ivan Brown, Peter E Langdon, Michael Mullane, Mindy Scheithauer
In this article, the authors provide their response to the Association for Behavior Analysis International (2022) position statement on the use of contingent electric skin shock (CESS). In this response, we address concerns raised by the task force regarding limitations of the Zarcone et al. (2020) review article in which both methodological and ethical concerns were raised about the quality of research
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When Science Cannot Guide us: A Call to Action for Applied Behavior Analysts Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-06-06 Dorothea C. Lerman
Evidence presented in the ABAI Task Force Report on Contingent Electric Skin Shock (CESS) revealed serious ethical, clinical, and practical problems with the contemporary use of CESS. As a member of the task force, I ultimately concluded that our recommended position statement (“Position A”) was a misguided attempt to uphold the field’s commitment to client choice. Furthermore, information gathered
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Additional Comments on the Use of Contingent Electric Skin Shock Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-06-06 Wayne W. Fisher, Brian D. Greer, Daniel R. Mitteer
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The Tangle of Autonomy, Beneficence, Liberty, and Consent in the CESS Debate Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-06-06 Stephanie M. Peterson
This commentary on the task force report addresses the complex issues involved in autonomy, beneficence, liberty, and consent, which are often in competition in this and many other treatment issues for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities, especially those with limited vocal/verbal repertoires. The issues at hand are multifaceted, and behavior analysts should be aware there
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Tutorial: Lessons Learned for Behavior Analysts from Data Scientists Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-05-25 Leslie Neely, Sakiko Oyama, Qian Chen, Amina Qutub, Chen Chen
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Acquisition of Children’s Relational Responding: The Role of the Intradimensional and Interdimensional Abstract Tact and the Autoclitic Frame Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-05-15 T. V. Joe Layng, Anna M. Linnehan
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Naming: What Do We Know So Far? A Systematic Review Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-05-12 Maithri Sivaraman, Dermot Barnes-Holmes
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Assessing Growth of BACB Certificants (1999–2019) Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-04-20 Neil Deochand, Marc J. Lanovaz, Mack S. Costello
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A Tale of Two Rats: The Backstory of a Clever Cartoon Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-04-20 Kennon A. Lattal
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Recommendations Regarding Use of the Term “Ignore” in Applied Behavior Analysis Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-04-20 Lindsay A. Lloveras, Ciobha A. McKeown, Sarah N. Lichtenberger, Tyra P. Sellers, Timothy R. Vollmer
Ignore is a common term used in behavioral assessment, behavior intervention plans, textbooks, and research articles. In the present article, we recommend against the typical usage of the term in most applications of behavior analysis. First, we briefly outline some history of the use of the term in behavior analysis. Then, we describe six main concerns about ignore and the implications for its continued
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Contrasting Accounts of Early Speech Perception and Production Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-04-18 Henry D. Schlinger
Language researchers have historically either dismissed or ignored completely behavioral accounts of language acquisition while at the same time acknowledging the important role of experience in language learning. Many language researchers have also moved away from theories based on an innate generative universal grammar and promoted experience-dependent and usage-based theories of language. These
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The PORTL Laboratory Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-04-12 Mary E. Hunter, Jesús Rosales-Ruiz
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Toward a Behavioral Interpretation of English Grammar Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-03-28 David C. Palmer
Behavior analysis is virtually alone among disciplines in assuming that the orderly arrangement of words in sentences, or grammar, arises from exposure to contingencies of reinforcement. In the face of the novelty, subtlety, complexity, and speed of acquisition of verbal behavior, this position will remain difficult to defend until the field can show that a representative range of grammatical phenomena
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Behavior Science Contributions to Public Policy: an Introduction to the Special Section Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-03-14 Kaston D. Anderson-Carpenter, Derek D. Reed, Tony Biglan, Allison Kurti
Behavior science has a long history of influencing public policy. Numerous scholars have used behavioral principles in experimental and applied research to examine the potential impact of local, state, and federal policies across socially important problems and goals. The utility of behavior science in public policy continues to flourish, and translational behavioral research will remain a critical
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Creating and Studying the Behavior of Artificial Organisms Animated by an Evolutionary Theory of Behavior Dynamics Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-03-03 J. J McDowell
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The Problem of Class Breakdown in Sidman’s (1994, 2000) Theory about the Origin of Stimulus Equivalence Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-02-01 Benigno Alonso-Alvarez
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Rethinking the Place of Qualitative Methods in Behavior Analysis Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2023-01-12 Victoria Burney, Angela Arnold-Saritepe, Clare M. McCann
Single-case design research is pervasive and dominant in the field of behavior analysis (BA). It allows for effective application of behavior change technologies in a wide variety of real-world settings. However, as the field has grown, behavioral scholars have suggested incorporating other methods into the investigator’s toolbox to supplement single-case design. To date, the call to expand beyond
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Social Validity in Behavioral Research: A Selective Review Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2022-12-28 Rachelle N. Huntington, Natalie M. Badgett, Nancy E. Rosenberg, Kaitlin Greeny, Alice Bravo, Roxanne M. Bristol, Young Hee Byun, Madelynn S. Park
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Grappling with the Complexity of Behavioral Processes in Human Psychological Suffering: Some Potential Insights from Relational Frame Theory Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2022-12-08 Colin Harte, Dermot Barnes-Holmes, Julio C. de Rose, William F. Perez, João H. de Almeida
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A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Procedures and Analyses Used in Basic and Preclinical Studies of Resurgence, 1970–2020 Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2022-11-21 Christopher A. Podlesnik, Carolyn M. Ritchey, Jo Waits, Shawn P. Gilroy
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Teaching a Course on the History of Behavior Analysis Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2022-11-22 Edward K. Morris
Teaching the history of behavior analysis can be approached in many ways. One is to embed history in courses on the field’s discipline and subdisciplines (e.g., its basic and applied sciences and their conceptual foundations) and practice. Another is to teach courses on the histories of the discipline and subdisciplines and practice. Still another is to teach a stand-alone course that includes these
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Integrative Review of Developmental Behavior-Analytic Concepts Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2022-11-11 Érika Larissa de Oliveira Jiménez, Myenne Mieko Ayres Tsutsumi, Carolina Laurenti, Mauro Silva Júnior, Paulo Roney Kilpp Goulart
We reviewed five behavior-analytic concepts related to development: behavioral trap, cumulative-hierarchical learning (CHL), basic behavioral repertoire (BBR), pivotal behavior, and behavioral cusp. We searched for terminological variations of the concepts in the CAPES Journals Portal and selected for analysis 31 peer-reviewed articles written in English or Portuguese, published between 1967 and 2021
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Introduction to Teaching the History of Behavior Analysis: Past, Purpose, and Prologue Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2022-10-14 Edward K. Morris
This article introduces a special section of Perspectives on Behavior Science on teaching the history of behavior analysis. Although behavior is distinctive, behavior analysis is diverse, and the history of behavior analysis is deep, teaching the field’s history often is not. The special section offers means for remedying this. The introduction has three sections. First, it relates the genesis of the
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Trauma-Informed Care for Individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: From Disparity to Policies for Effective Action Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2022-09-28 Elizabeth J. Houck, Joseph D. Dracobly
People with intellectual disabilities (ID) are an often overlooked minority population. They experience significant health disparities and a high risk of exposure to traumatic events that can lead to stress-related disorders. Access to effective treatments for stress-related disorders is limited for people with ID due to a lack of appropriate assessments and common communication deficits. We discuss
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A Systematic Review of Treatment Maintenance Strategies in Token Economies: Implications for Contingency Management Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2022-09-01 Sean D. Regnier, Haily K. Traxler, Amanda Devoto, Anthony DeFulio
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Teaching Behavior Analysis through Its History: Narrative and Stories Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2022-08-25 Philip N. Hineline
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Teaching the History of Applied Behavior Analysis Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2022-08-12 Cody Morris, Stephanie M. Peterson
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The IRAP as a Measure of Implicit Cognition: A Case of Frankenstein’s Monster Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2022-07-29 Dermot Barnes-Holmes, Colin Harte
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Revisiting an Analysis of Threats to Internal Validity in Multiple Baseline Designs Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2022-07-26 Timothy A. Slocum, P. Raymond Joslyn, Beverly Nichols, Sarah E. Pinkelman
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Commentary on Slocum et al. (2022): Additional Considerations for Evaluating Experimental Control Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2022-07-21 Sean W. Smith, Faris R. Kronfli, Timothy R. Vollmer
In the target article, Slocum et al. (2022) suggested that nonconcurrent multiple baseline designs can provide internal validity comparable to concurrent multiple baseline designs. We provide further support for this assertion; however, we highlight additional considerations for determining the relative strength of each design. We advocate for a more nuanced approach to evaluating design strength and
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Pediatric Pain and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Implications for Research and Practice in Behavior Analysis Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2022-07-07 Ciobha A. McKeown, Timothy R. Vollmer, Michael J. Cameron, Liz Kinsella, Sheida Shaibani
Individuals diagnosed with a neurodevelopmental disorder also are commonly diagnosed with a medical comorbidity. Because of this, it is estimated that this population experiences nearly twice the incidence of pain or discomfort as their neurotypical peers. Although behavior analysts consider the effect of biological variables on a client’s behavior, considerations of pain appear to be underdiscussed
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Confluence of Science and History in the Experimental Analysis of Behavior Course Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2022-07-07 Kennon A. Lattal
This is a review of content and method for incorporating the history of the experimental analysis of behavior (EAB) into the EAB course, although the material also could be adapted for any course related to the topics of learning and behavior change, or the history of psychology. Six elements associated with establishing a new discipline are considered as a framework for introducing the history of
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Time Cost and Demand: Implications for Public Policy Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2022-07-06 Lindsay P. Schwartz, Steven R. Hursh
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Correction: A Theory of the Extinction Burst. Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2022-07-06 Timothy A Shahan
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s40614-022-00340-3.].
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Honoring Uncontrolled Events: Commentary on Slocum et al. Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2022-06-21 Robert H. Horner, Wendy Machalicek
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A Case for Observability Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2022-06-14 Ioannis Bampaloukas
Observability is a tricky concept that has been used by philosophers and scientists in an inconsistent and vague way. In this article a reformulation and operational analysis (as used by Skinner, 1945) of this concept is proposed and its implications are discussed. According to the view presented in this article, observation is defined as the act of making contact with a natural phenomenon and should
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A Theory of the Extinction Burst Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2022-06-08 Timothy A. Shahan
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Examining and Enhancing the Methodological Quality of Nonconcurrent Multiple-Baseline Designs Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2022-06-03 Thomas R. Kratochwill, Joel R. Levin, Kristi L. Morin, Esther R. Lindström
In this article we respond to the recent recommendation of Slocum et al. (2022), who provided conceptual and methodological recommendations for reconsidering the credibility and validity of the nonconcurrent multiple-baseline design. We build on these recommendations and offer replication and randomization upgrades that should further improve the status of the nonconcurrent version of the design in
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Concurrence on Nonconcurrence in Multiple-Baseline Designs: A Commentary on Slocum et al. (2022) Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2022-06-03 Jennifer R. Ledford
Slocum et al. (this issue) provide well-reasoned arguments for the use of nonconcurrent multiple baseline designs in behavior analytic work, despite historical preference for concurrent designs (i.e., simultaneous baseline initiation) and contemporary guidelines in related fields suggesting that nonconcurrent designs are insufficient for evaluating functional relations (What Works Clearinghouse, 2020)
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The Nonconcurrent Multiple-Baseline Design: It is What it is and Not Something Else. Perspect. Behav. Sci. (IF 3.226) Pub Date : 2022-06-03 Craig H Kennedy