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Safer or Endangered at Home?: An Examination of Neighborhood Effects on Family Violence Before, During, and After the COVID-19 Safer-at-Home Order American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-13 Michelle N. Harris, Rebecca H. Konkel
Research has begun to document the impact of COVID-19, and corresponding restrictions associated with the pandemic, to several unintended consequences including increased rates of family violence. Given these findings, there have been calls for research to understand predictors of family violence, and how such predictors may shift during differing periods of the pandemic. Rooted in the family stress
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Federal Drug Sentencing and the Overdose Epidemic American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-09-13 Ben Feldmeyer, Bryan Holmes, Diana Sun
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Changes in Prosecutorial Decision-Making in Response to a High-Profile Mass Shooting American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-08-23 Stewart J. D’Alessio, Lisa Stolzenberg, R. R. Dunlea, Besiki Luka Kutateladze
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Unlocking the Truth: Exploring the Impacts of Solitary Confinement on Recidivism and the Need for Mental Health Support for Individuals with Mental Illnesses American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-07-15 Rachel Silverthorn, Kristen M. Zgoba
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A Qualitative Examination of Precautionary Measures in a Virtual Reality Fear Environment American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-07-12 Nicole E. Rader, Courtney Heath, David C. May, Caitlyn Gaddy, Christopher Hudson, Daniel Carruth
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Time in Crime: An Added Dimension to the Study of Crime Guns American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Rick Dierenfeldt, Grant Drawve, Joshua May, Ellee Jackson
A growing body of literature has explored the ‘life course’ of crime guns, with particular focus on the time between initial point of sale of firearms and their eventual recovery by police following a crime. We contend that this examination is incomplete, with limited consideration given to the period between a firearm’s first known use in a criminal offense and its recovery by police—which we refer
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A Social Network Analysis of Chronic Violent Offenders American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-06-03 Davis Shelfer, Yan Zhang
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Does Measurement Matter? Examining the Impact of Outcome Measurement Variation On the Rates and Predictors of Juvenile Recidivism American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-04 Sonja E. Siennick, Jhon A. Pupo, William M. Casey, Dequan J. Cowell, Brian J. Stults
Concerns have been raised that cross-agency differences in the definition and measurement of juvenile recidivism may hamper the generalizability of knowledge and comparisons across jurisdictions. However, it is unclear whether measurement choices do impact the conclusions of studies of juvenile recidivism. This study examined whether the rates and the demographic, risk, and contextual predictors of
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Adolescent Weapon Carrying Inside and Outside of School: The Impact of Experiences and Perceptions of Violence American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Timothy McCuddy, Austin Wyatt, Stephen Watts
This study examined factors that distinguish adolescent weapon carrying in school compared to only in the community. We look at how experiences (offending, victimization, and gang-involvement) and perceptions (school, neighborhood, individual) toward violence are associated with self-reported weapon carrying in these two locations. Data came from two waves of the University of Missouri – St. Louis
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The Compounding Effect: How Co-Offending Exacerbates the Harm Caused by Violent Offenders American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-05-02 Emily Piper, Barak Ariel, Vincent Harinam, Matthew Bland
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SAVRY Predictive Validity of Mississippi Justice-Involved Youth Recidivism: A Latent Variable Approach American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-26 Richard Dembo, Sheena K. Gardner, Angela A. Robertson, Jennifer Wareham, James Schmeidler
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Attrition from Jail Reentry Program Increases Recidivism American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-26 Kevin Anderson, William Medendorp
Reentry programs represent an increasingly popular method to reduce recidivism for individuals exiting prison and jail systems throughout the United States. Most evaluations tend to focus on recidivism as the primary outcome of interest. Attrition, however, can function an important supplementary measure that complements recidivism outcomes. To demonstrate, we analyze a jail reentry program built around
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Is Boomtown Growth Associated with Crime in Suburban Areas?: Examining the Importance of Rapid Population Growth and Neighborhood Change for Crime in Frisco, Texas American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-22 Michael S. Barton, Joy Ngelor Watchese Njeh, Jennifer LaRose
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Mitigation for a Murderer American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Craig J. Forsyth
In this paper the role of a sociologist/criminologist as a mitigation expert in a case of double murder is examined. The defendant was a young black male defendant. The victims were his 8-month pregnant girlfriend and their unborn child. The defendant was born into terrible social circumstances; including five generations of violence; sexual abuse; incarcerated; and neglect. The circumstances of his
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The Deleterious Health Consequences of COVID in United States Prisons American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Xiaohan Mei, Melissa A. Kowalski, Leah Reddy, Ciara McGlynn, Mary K. Stohr, Craig Hemmens, Jiayu Li
By January 2024, the COVID-19 pandemic claimed more than 1.1 million deaths in the United States (U.S.). People in prison are particularly vulnerable to COVID-19 as they have no ability to socially distance, secure masks, disinfect their environment or have as much access to tests or vaccinations as is available in the community. In addition, many of these individuals reside in crowded conditions with
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Veterans Treatment Courts during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Examination of Adaptations and Best Practices for Continuing Operation American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Caroline I. Jalain, Melissa J. Stacer
The purpose of this research is to investigate Veterans Treatment Courts’ (VTCs) operation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Since March of 2020, there have been efforts to transition to a virtual world to guarantee criminal defendants their rights in court during this public health crisis. While many courts had to adapt to the changing conditions due to COVID-19, little is known about what these changes
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Examining the Association Between Citizenship and Ethnicity on Identity Theft Risk: Findings from the National Crime Victimization Survey American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Cooper A. Maher
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Empirical Examination of Factors that Influence Official Decisions in Criminal Cases Against Police Officers American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Francis D. Boateng, Daniel K. Pryce, Michael K. Dzordzormenyoh, Ming-Li Hsieh, Alan Cuff
In the current paper, we examine departmental and court decision-making in criminal cases against police officers. The study has two objectives: 1) to examine variables that impact departmental decisions in criminal cases against police officers, and 2) to examine factors that affect case disposition/conviction decisions by the courts. To achieve these objectives, we analyzed nationally representative
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COVID-19’s Effect on Crisis Intervention Team Calls for Service in Houston American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Kyler R. Nielson, Yan Zhang
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Does Procedural Justice Moderate the Effect of Collective Efficacy on Police Legitimacy? American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-02-07 Yongjae Nam, Chris Melde
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Incarcerated Veterans and their Adaptation to Prison American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Melissa J. Stacer, Monica Solinas-Saunders
In 2016, an estimated 107,400 veterans were incarcerated in the U.S. (Maruschak et al., 2021), comprising part of the population known as “justice-involved veterans,” veterans involved in the criminal justice system. The current study explores the influence military training had on the way justice-involved veterans “do time” in prison. In sharp contrast to the misconduct literature, which utilizes
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Sometimes they Come Back: Recidivism and the Adult Imprisonment of Formerly Incarcerated Serious And Violent Juvenile Offenders American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Chad R. Trulson, Jessica M. Craig, Jonathan W. Caudill, Matt DeLisi
This study examines the adult imprisonment outcomes of a cohort of serious and violent juvenile offenders released from Texas state juvenile correctional facilities during their transition from adolescence to early adulthood. We distinguish incarceration in the adult prison system as resulting from a new offense or as the result of a revocation for a technical supervision violation. Of the sample (n = 709)
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Democratic Policing, Building Trust, and Willingness to Call 911: Examining the Relationship between Law Enforcement Legitimacy and Calling the Police American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-12-02 Kyle McLean, Bryan Lee Miller, Andrew Pyle, Olivia Bauwens
Recent debates over policing have centered on the proper role of policing in society. Using the lenses of democratic policing and police legitimacy, we suggest that individuals’ willingness to call the police is one method for understanding the public’s consent to be policed and their view of the appropriate role of policing. This simple relationship is further complicated by differential relationships
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Assessing Individual Level Predictors of Intermediate Outcomes in a Misdemeanor Diversion Drug Court American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-23 Elizabeth N. Hartsell, Jodi Lane
We sought to understand the individual level predictors of intermediate outcomes in a diversion drug court. Outcomes included acceptance to drug court, sanction(s), incentives(s), drug test results, and graduation. Because much of the prior literature on individual level predictors of these outcomes is mixed, drug courts can benefit from analysis of their own data to understand what factors are important
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Leaders’ Understanding of Evidence-Based Practices: A Survey of Police Chiefs and Probation/Parole Chiefs American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-21 Bitna Kim, Daniel Lee
Immense pressure is being put on criminal justice agencies to adopt and implement evidence-based practices (EBP). Empirical evidence highlights the need for leadership support to make agencies more evidence-based. The current study is an empirical examination of how criminal justice leaders understand EBP and its correlates or predictors in the domains of agency characteristics, individual characteristics
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When Your School is in a ‘Rough’ Neighborhood: What Can Shield Youth from Crime and Delinquency? American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-21 Anastasiia Timmer, Rachel Lautenschlager, Olena Antonaccio, Ekaterina V. Botchkovar, Lorine A. Hughes
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The Impact of COVID-19 on Crime: a Systematic Review American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-15 C. M. Hoeboer, W. M. Kitselaar, J. F. Henrich, E. J. Miedzobrodzka, B. Wohlstetter, E. Giebels, G. Meynen, E. W. Kruisbergen, M. Kempes, M. Olff, C. H. de Kogel
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Are Schools in Prison Worth It? The Effects and Economic Returns of Prison Education American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-10-21 Ben Stickle, Steven Sprick Schuster
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Policing The Drinking Community: An Exploration of Community Alcohol Norms and Driving Under the Influence Enforcement (1985-2014) American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-10-20 Richard J. Stringer
Policing of driving under the influence (DUI) has varied widely over both time and place in the U.S. While some limited research has explored informal social norms and spatial variation in DUI enforcement, none have examined this phenomenon longitudinally. This is particularly important since public opinion about DUI and its enforcement has changed since the 1980’s. Thus, this project examines how
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Race and Rationality Revisited: an Empirical Examination of Differential Travel Patterns to Acquire Drugs Across Geographic Contexts American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-10-19 Jascha Wagner, Ellen A. Donnelly, Andrew C. Gray, Chenesia Brown, Cresean Hughes, Daniel O’Connell, Tammy L. Anderson
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Understanding Abuse, Mental Health, and Substance Use: The Role of Victimization in a Jail Population American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-10-18 M. A. Kowalski, M. Campagna, E. M. Wright, R. Spohn
The role of victimization in criminal behavior has been researched previously, particularly in justice-involved youth and prison samples. The contribution of such adversity in jail samples is less articulated. The current study examines the effect of physical abuse, sexual abuse, and polyvictimization (physical and sexual abuse) on behavioral health and substance use outcomes in a sample of individuals
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“We Are People Who Kill…Murder Machines” An Empirical Study of Lifetime Inmate Homicide among Capital Defendants American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-10-03 Matt DeLisi, H. Daniel Butler, Molly Minkler, Jonathan W. Caudill, Chad R. Trulson
Inmate murder is a grave threat to institutional safety in correctional settings, unfortunately relatively little prior research has studied it. The current study analyzed data from 636 capital murderers sentenced to death in California of whom 6% had murdered other inmates during their confinement career. Bivariate analyses found that inmate murderers had more extensive and violent offending histories
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Crime and Features of the Built Environment Predicting Risk of Fatal Overdose: A Comparison of Rural and Urban Ohio Counties with Risk Terrain Modeling American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-16 Keith R. Chichester, Grant Drawve, Michelle Sisson, Alejandro Giménez-Santana, Brandi McCleskey, Burel R. Goodin, Sylvie Mrug, Jeffery T. Walker, Karen L. Cropsey
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Examining Law Enforcement Agencies’ Responses to the Addition of Animal Cruelty to NIBRS American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-11 Mary Lou Randour, Anabel Kearley, Mikaila Wireman
In 2014, Federal Bureau of Investigation director James Comey approved the addition of animal cruelty to Group A of the National Incident Based Reporting System (NIBRS), which is categorized into Group A and Group B offenses (Federal Bureau of Investigation [FBI], 2016). In 2016, participating NIBRS states began collecting animal cruelty data. The rationale for the addition of animal cruelty crimes
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Perceived Rehabilitation Across Types of Justice-Involved Individuals: An Experiment American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-09 Caitlin M. Brady, Amanda Graham
In the era of increasing support for rehabilitation, an often-overlooked question is how the public recognizes when someone is rehabilitated. The current study uses experimentally designed case files (n = 2,178) in an online opt-in survey to tap into which types of justice-involved individuals are more likely to be considered as being rehabilitated by the public. Furthermore, we examine the robustness
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Deciphering the Relationship Between Extracurricular Activities and Delinquency Among Teenage Youth American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-06 Wyatt Brown, Brian G. Sellers, Matthew Caines
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There’s No Place Like Home: Importance of Housing Stability for Reentry American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-02 Beverly Reece, Tanja Link
Research suggests a number of barriers to successful reentry for justice-involved individuals, even after a short period of detention in jail. The challenges are well-documented, with housing being one of the most salient needs returning citizens face (Lutze et al., 2014; O’Brien, 2001; Roman and Travis, 2004). Estimates of housing instability and homelessness vary widely (Metraux & Culhane, 2006;
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The Influence of Community Disadvantage and Opioid Pill Prescriptions on Overdose Deaths in American Counties American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-28 Leanne M. Confer, Danielle Kuhl, John H. Boman
The aim of the current study is to examine factors related to opioid overdose deaths within the framework of social disorganization theory. We identify county-level factors related to overdose deaths among a series of measures related to economic (unemployment, health insurance coverage, and poverty) and socio-structural (prescribed opioid pills, racial heterogeneity, drug arrest rate, county rurality
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Development and Evaluation of the Trauma Bonding Scale for Adults© in the Context of Sex Trafficking American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-04 Joan A. Reid
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The Impact of COVID-19 on Sentencing Practices American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-03 Jordan Zvonkovich, Matthew Kleiman, Rhys Hester, C. Clare Strange
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Differentiating Insider and Outsider Cyberattacks on Businesses American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Thomas E. Dearden, Katalin Parti, James Hawdon, Randy Gainey, Tancy Vandecar-Burdin, Jay Albanese
The use of information and communication technologies in business has opened several new ways for employees to commit cybercrimes against their employers. Utilizing opportunity theory, the current paper investigates the characteristics of businesses victimized by employee-committed cyberattacks and compares insider- and outsider-committed cybercrime in terms of the damage they cause to the business
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Student-Athlete Male-Perpetrated Sexual Assault Against Men: Racial Disparities in Perceptions of Culpability and Punitiveness American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-27 Ráchael A. Powers, Vanessa Centelles, Javon Williams
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Faculty Mentoring: Experiences with and Considerations for a College-Based Model American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-25 Ashley G. Blackburn
This article focuses on models of faculty mentoring and how these have been implemented at the college-level. As most mentoring, especially of tenure-track faculty members, occurs at the university-, department-, or program-level, there are special considerations for mentoring programs at the college-level where one must consider the interdisciplinary nature of mentorship. Experiences from a recently
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What About the kids? A Multimethod Approach to Understanding Law Enforcement Policies Pertaining to the Arrest of Children in Florida American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-25 Abigail Novak, Vitoria De Francisco Lopes
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Direct and Indirect Effects of Parental Influence on the Relation Between Violent Offending and Mental Health Problems American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-24 Jihoon Kim, Lindsay Leban, Yeungjeom Lee, Jessica Craig
Research has suggested that involvement in offending can contribute to subsequent mental health problems, although the processes through which offending influences adverse mental health remain unclear. Recognizing the need to evaluate intervening factors in this relationship, we focus on the potential mediating role of parenting in the link between offending and mental health problems. Drawing on a
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Comparing the Risk Factors of Youth Detained for Running Away or Commercial Sexual Exploitation to more Serious Youth Offenders American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-22 Calli M. Cain
Commercial sexual exploitation (CSE) of minors is a major social justice concern in the U.S. and youth who run away from their home or placement are at an increased risk of experiencing CSE. Runaway youth have higher rates of prior victimization, substance abuse, depression, suicidal behavior, and problems at school compared to youth who do not run away. When youth run away repeatedly, youth may end
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“A Panel of Good ol’ Boys”: Women Navigating the Police Promotions Process American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-07-20 Natalie Todak
Women are significantly underrepresented among police supervisors, middle managers, and leaders in the United States. To investigate this problem, the current study examines challenges faced by women officers as they pursue promotions. Narrative data from 226 women who earned promotions in U.S. policing are analyzed using a content analysis of responses to an open-ended survey question. Emergent themes
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The Only Thing Constant is Change: Temporal Analyses of Racial/Ethnic Sentencing Disparities American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-03-30 Bryan Holmes, Ben Feldmeyer
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Race and the Sanctioning of Misdemeanor Defendants American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-02-10 Patrick Moricette, Lisa Stolzenberg, Stewart J. D’Alessio
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“How Do You Knit Together Two Parts of a Single Life Lived Decades Apart?”: Reentry Planning of Juvenile Lifers American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2023-01-05 Melanie Taylor
Those sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole as juveniles were recently granted opportunities for release when the Supreme Court ruled that they must be retroactively reprocessed. This is a population that was never expected to be released from prison, resulting in minimal reentry programming and treatment. Now that many are preparing for release it is unclear if they are ready
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Long-Term Health and Economic Consequences Associated with Being Processed Through the Criminal Justice System for Males American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-26 Dzhansarayeva Rima, Maral Akbolatova, Tlepbergenov Orynbasar, Jangabulova Arailym, Kevin M. Beaver
There has been a great deal of scholarship examining the outcomes associated with being processed through the criminal justice system. Much of this research has focused on legal outcomes, such as recidivism, but research has also centered on extralegal outcomes, including measures of health and economics. The current study added to this body of research by examining whether contact with the criminal
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Translational Criminology, Politics, and Promising Practices American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-24 Thomas G. Blomberg, Jennifer E. Copp, John Thrasher
Over the last two decades, there has been growing momentum behind efforts to produce policy-related research that is both rigorous and theoretically informed. Yet despite broad disciplinary support for translational criminology and its attendant effects on bridging the gap between criminological research and practice, the movement has faced a number of challenges. Some of these have arisen within the
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From Causal Mechanisms to Policy Mechanisms: Why Did Crime Decline and What Lessons Can Be Learned from It? American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-22 John K. Roman
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How to Think about Criminal Justice Reform: Conceptual and Practical Considerations American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-20 Charis E. Kubrin, Rebecca Tublitz
How can we improve the effectiveness of criminal justice reform efforts? Effective reform hinges on shared understandings of what the problem is and shared visions of what success looks like. But consensus is hard to come by, and there has long been a distinction between “policy talk” or how problems are defined and solutions are promoted, and “policy action” or the design and adoption of certain policies
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Research Training for Criminal Justice Reform American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-20 Natasha A. Frost
Who is going to do the work of criminal justice reform? Recognizing the capacity limits of even the most reform-minded academic criminologists, this article argues that widespread research training is crucial to the future of criminal justice reform efforts. To influence criminal justice reform in the short-term, and to bring about the systemic change in criminal justice in the long-term, we should
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Reflections on Criminal Justice Reform: Challenges and Opportunities American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-17 Pamela K. Lattimore
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Forecasting and Criminal Justice Policy and Practice American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-17 William J. Sabol, Miranda L. Baumann
We address the organization of criminal justice forecasting and implications for its use in criminal justice policymaking. We argue that the use of forecasting is relatively widespread in criminal justice agency settings, but it is used primarily to inform decision-making and practice rather than to formulate and test new policy proposals. Using predictive policing and prison population forecasting
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COVID, Crime & Criminal Justice: Affirming the Call for System Reform Research American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-16 McKenzie L. Jossie, Alfred Blumstein, J. Mitchell Miller
Early into the COVID-19 pandemic, Miller & Blumstein (2020) outlined a theoretical research program (TRP) oriented around themes of contagion control and containment, legal amnesty, system leniency, nonenforcement, and tele-justice. Here, two and a half years later, these lingering themes are revisited to advocate for empirical research informing criminal justice system reform. The pandemic created
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Public Opinion and Criminal Justice Reform American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-17 Kevin Drakulich
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Owning Police Reform: The Path Forward for Practitioners and Researchers American Journal of Criminal Justice (IF 1.8) Pub Date : 2022-12-15 Robin S. Engel, Gabrielle T. Isaza, Hannah D. McManus
The integration of evidence-based policy into criminal justice reform – and into police reform specifically – is a daunting but necessary endeavor. In this essay, we examine police reform, including a review of the literature, which is summarized and guided by our experiences and thoughts into a broad conceptual framework for what we believe is needed to realize true change in the policing profession