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Soldiers, civilians, and supply: lessons from Sevastopol War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Mara Kozelsky
This article examines the supply crisis in Sevastopol during the Crimean War as a case study of war, economy, and society. Evidence shows that structural change and policy developments, rather than...
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Introduction to the Special Issue: Hiroshima +75: building peace in Japan and beyond War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Dahlia Simangan, Mari Katayanagi, Luli van der Does
The use of atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki has been extensively studied in war and peace literature. Research abounds on the ethical debates surrounding the bombing, the legal and political ...
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Turning a Disaster into Regenerative Strength: Hiroshima’s Strategy for Societal Peace in the Anthropocene War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Luli van der Does
This interdisciplinary study demonstrates how an anthropogenic narrative emerged in the immediate aftermath of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and how it became a strategic tool to dr...
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The bishop’s ‘fine tact’: the ambiguity, ambivalence, and relationality of Catholic peacebuilding from Hiroshima and Nagasaki to Flores, Indonesia during the Asia-Pacific War War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Hirokazu Miyazaki
In the ongoing debate about the role of religion in peacebuilding, particular attention has been paid to religious attitudes toward violence as a locus of the peacebuilding potential of religions. ...
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Agencies, temporalities, and spatialities in Hiroshima’s post-war reconstruction: a case of reflexive peacebuilding in the Anthropocene? War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Dahlia Simangan
This article revisits the case of Hiroshima’s post-war reconstruction using the lens of reflexive peacebuilding. Reflexive peacebuilding is a set of practices that align peacebuilding efforts with ...
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Reconstructing Hiroshima as a peace memorial city: local agency and identity-making in peacebuilding War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Mari Katayanagi, Noriyuki Kawano
Today, people all over the world associate Hiroshima with peace. It also, however, has a history as a military city. Noting the importance of this historical background, this study traces Hiroshima...
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Hiroshima’s ongoing peacebuilding and beyond: how does this local initiative seek to extend to world peace? War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Tatsuo Yamane
War-torn or post-conflict countries face challenging, complex, and varied tasks related to security, development, and justice to meet the immediate needs of state-building and peacebuilding. Hirosh...
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Anomalies in Collective Victimhood in Post-War Japan: ‘Hiroshima’ As a Victimisation Symbol for the Collective National Memory of War War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-05 Yuji Uesugi
In the aftermath of war, people need visions that (re)unite them and overcome the psychological wounds they have incurred. The post-war Japanese needed narratives that could help them to rebuild th...
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Military mobilisation of the Nationalist coup leaders during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939): the correlation between killing and recruitment War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-28 Francisco J. Leira-Castiñeira, Lourenzo Fernández Prieto
Within the framework of a broader research project, the results of an analysis of the role of repression and forced recruitment in the Spanish Civil War is presented. This article focuses on a spec...
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The Bethnal Green Shelter Disaster War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-28 Stephen Moore
During the Second World War there were large-scale fatalities when air raid shelters were hit by bombs. The greatest loss of life in a shelter was at Bethnal Green in the East End of London on 3 Ma...
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Economic War, Russia, and the Problem of the Post-War World in 1918 War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-28 David Hamlin
Competition between Germany and the West for access to Russian raw materials in 1918 reflected the exceptional importance of raw materials to both the war effort and to plans for the post-war. Anxi...
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The Southern Irish Loyalists Relief Association and Irish Ex-Servicemen of the First World War, 1922–1932 War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-20 Brian Hughes
In 1925, the Southern Irish Loyalists Relief Association (SILRA), originally founded for the relief of southern Irish loyalist refugees in Britain, created a fund for ex-servicemen resident in the ...
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Military welfare history: what is it and why should it be considered? War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-15 Paul Huddie, Amy Carney
Military welfare is a major yet abstract sub-field of warfare studies and warfare history, which interrogates the multitude of welfare, care, medical provisions and social policies that have existe...
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Military welfare history in the classroom: converting research passions into lesson plans War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-14 Laura McEnaney
Military welfare history as a scholarly project is both well developed and still evolving. We now have a substantive community of scholars who have produced a robust body of literature. But what ab...
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Paying the Debts of the ‘Economy of Sacrifice’: Military Charities as Brokers in Veteran Care, 1919–1929 War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-14 Eleanor O’Keeffe
This article examines the hitherto overlooked contribution of military charities to veteran welfare and reintegration after the First World War. I use the records of the King’s Own Scottish Bordere...
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Soldiers of a forgotten empire: American memory and the battle for Filipino veterans’ benefits War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-09 Colin Moore
More than a quarter million Filipino soldiers fought under American command during the Second World War, but the US Congress declared in 1946 that the vast majority would be ineligible to receive b...
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Framing War Disability through Masculinity: The Disabled Soldiers of the First World War in Portugal War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-09 Sílvia Correia
The First World War deployed means of combat that brought about devastating effects on the minds and bodies of the men who fought it. In keeping with the sources available for the study of Portugue...
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Revisiting British–India’s Military Historiography War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2023-06-19 Kaushik Roy
The British-officered Indian Army (colonial Indian Army/Sepoy Army) was the principal pillar of the British Empire in India. This force constituted the main item of expenditure in the state budget. Modern historical writing on the Indian colonial armed forces started in the 1970s. This survey is organised along four interrelated themes of war and the British–Indian state, British–Indian armed forces
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Religion and Nationalism: Reform of Lamaism in Inner Mongolia by the Japanese War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2023-06-14 Junhui Qin
This article examines Inner Mongolian nationalism, which was promoted by Japan in Inner Mongolia during the Sino-Japanese War through the intermediary of Mongolian Buddhist Lamaism. It reveals the competition for the religious support of Lamaism among the nationalist political parties in Inner Mongolia, the reformation of Lamaism carried out by the Japanese under the slogan of Mongolian national awakening
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‘The Defenders, Protectors and Builders of Our State’: The Colonial Legacy of Union Civil War Commemorations in Kansas, 1870s–1910s War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2023-05-26 Lindsey R. Peterson
This article examines how white Kansan Union veterans and their families commemorated the American Civil War throughout the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries. Kansans’ post-war narratives, including a monument erected to Gen. James B. McPherson in 1917, constructed a legacy of the war that asserted the Union war effort preserved the trans-Mississippi West for free-labour and celebrated
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The balloon post during the siege of Paris, 1870–71 War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2023-05-12 Timothy Baycroft, Bernard Wilkin
This article investigates the development of balloon and pigeon-sent microfilm, both for military purposes and as a propaganda technique in besieged Paris in 1870–1871. It examines the aerial press used to communicate with the provinces, to help coordinate the actions of the French army, and to boost civilian morale. It analyses the content and reception of material sent in these ways and its effect
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Domestic dimensions of a transnational problem: social welfare for veterans in Greece (1912–1940) War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2023-05-08 Alexandros Makris
Care for the veterans of the Greek ‘war-decade’ (1912–22) was an enormous task. Greece’s response to this new social issue was not any kind of Greek exceptionalism. On the contrary, it was in line with significant international developments during this era. In Greece there was a crucial shift regarding veterans’ welfare aiming at their professional rehabilitation, similar to the processes that were
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Money and the Regularisation of African Soldiers in the Early Phase of Italian Colonialism in Eritrea War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2023-03-31 Alessandro De Cola
The article focusses on transformations in the military labour regimes brought about by the recruitment of African soldiers during the early years of the Italian colony of Eritrea, by analysing colonial reports, correspondence and official regulations. On the one hand, it demonstrates that the lack of complete political control forced the Italians to adapt to the local multiple currency system for
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The German Naval Intelligence Network in East Asia and Australia before the First World War War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2023-02-24 Peter Overlack
Some Australian historians still fail to acknowledge that the young Commonwealth faced an existential threat in the First World War. Such an assessment is untenable in the light of the evidence available in the German archives. The German Naval Intelligence System was central to the economic warfare planning of Germany’s East Asian Cruiser Squadron, which aimed to interdict raw material and food exports
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Two Perceptions of Süleyman’s ‘Magnificent’ Navy during the Later Italian Wars War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2023-02-15 Andrew Tzavaras
Contemporary European perceptions of Sultan Süleyman the Magnificent’s naval power inflated its actual strength. Using accounts of ambassadors and spies, this article juxtaposes the ‘fear of the Turk’ that captured Christian Europe’s imagination to the observation of the Ottoman navy. It will be argued that the sultan’s relationship with the North African corsairs and their judicious application of
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Operation Buckshot: Churchill’s Forgotten Offensive against Rommel, March-May 1942 War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2023-02-14 Martin Samuels
Although much has been written about the arguments between Churchill and Auchinleck over when Eighth Army should move over to the offensive in the spring of 1942, the plans for that offensive have been almost entirely overlooked in the literature. Drawing on the records in the archives, and on Auchinleck’s personal correspondence, reveals a planning process characterised by disagreements between the
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Editor’s Note War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2023-01-22 Eleanor Hancock
Published in War & Society (Vol. 42, No. 1, 2023)
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Australian military historiography War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-12-28 Joan Beaumont
Over the past century Australian historiography of war has ranged from strategy, command, battle and defence policy to the social, political, and cultural aspects of conflict. Historians themselves have mirrored this diversity. A gulf has often existed between chauvinistic popular history and the more critical scholarly research; while academic historians have been divided, between operational historians
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An American Civil War Master Narrative: Explaining Confederate Defeat War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-12-22 Susannah J. Ural
Published in War & Society (Vol. 42, No. 1, 2023)
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The Founding of War & Society: A Personal Reminiscence War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-12-13 Peter Dennis
Peter Dennis reflects on the founding and early years of War & Society.
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Grand Narratives: Decolonisation and Its Wars War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-12-05 Martin Thomas
As political scientist Tarak Barkawi has argued, studying wars of decolonization demands a readiness to decolonize previously Eurocentric approaches to war. To do that, we need first to think about how the study of violent decolonization has evolved over the past generation or so. This brief essay offers a few answers. It focuses on three issues: the recognition of decolonization’s wars, the place
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Master narratives in military history: Europe 1789 to 1900 War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-12-05 Frederick C. Schneid
In the past 40 years, interpretations of European military history during the “long nineteenth century” (1789-1914) have retained much of their post-Second World War fascination with the Prusso-German military system. Moreover, British military history of the period continues to dominate Anglophone historiography. These Anglo-German master narratives need to be refocused on the larger European context
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Race and the History of the Modern US Military1 War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-12-05 Beth Bailey
Published in War & Society (Vol. 42, No. 1, 2023)
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Evolving Grand Narratives: A Forty-Year Perspective War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-12-05 Brian McAllister Linn
Eminent historians reflect on the creation, evolution, and in some cases the destruction of the field of military history’s ‘grand narratives,’ ‘master narratives’, or ‘metanarratives’ over the past forty years in the following areas: race and the history of the modern US military; Asian military history; US military history; African military history: Europe 1789 to 1900; European history since 1914;
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African Military Historiography War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-12-02 Michelle Moyd
Published in War & Society (Vol. 42, No. 1, 2023)
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War, Peace, and Narratives of European History since 1914 War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-11-29 Adam R. Seipp
Published in War & Society (Vol. 42, No. 1, 2023)
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Grand Narratives and Gendered Wars and Societies War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-11-28 Kara Dixon Vuic
Published in War & Society (Vol. 42, No. 1, 2023)
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Forty Years On: Master Narratives and US Military History War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-11-25 Brian McAllister Linn
Published in War & Society (Vol. 42, No. 1, 2023)
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Of ‘Master’ and ‘Grand Narratives’ and Their Discontents: Early Modern European Military History War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-11-25 Peter H. Wilson
This article offers a short, critical survey of the 'grand' or 'master' narratives produced since the 1950s by those discussing the history of war in early modern Europe. It examines in turn the War and Society approach, the concept of a Military Revolution, narratives linking political and social impacts, the more recent models of Fiscal Military and Contractor States, and the debates around the nature
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Metanarratives in Asian Military History War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-11-25 David A. Graff
Published in War & Society (Vol. 42, No. 1, 2023)
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The British Film Campaign in Spain During the First World War (1914–1918) War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-10-18 Marta García Cabrera
The First World War brought a propaganda battle of enormous proportions to Spain. The conflict mobilised a popular debate in the country, and the belligerent powers deployed persuasive campaigns that included films as an instrument of control. Cinema put aside its traditional role of entertainment and turned war material into an ideological weapon. Despite the French monopoly of the Spanish film industry
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Current Historiography on Eastern Europe during the First World War: A Review* War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-09-22 Reinhard Nachtigal
Since the centenary of the beginning of the First World War, many historical studies on Eastern Europe during the war and its aftermath have been published, by eastern European authors as well as in the west. This article provides an overview of recent Russian, Polish, Ukrainian, German and English contributions and sets out trends and various approaches. It generally covers publications between 2014
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Women in Command: The Matildine War of 1141 War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-09-05 Steven Isaac
In 1141, Queen Matilda III of England and the Empress Matilda were active military commanders in the field against one another, often facing the same risks as their armies. Besides being worthy of attention as one of the rare moments when two women campaigned directly against each another, the conflict also has the advantage of having left enough documents from the women themselves to allow their voices
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General Louis Botha’s Role in the South African War, 1899–1902 War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-08-31 Fransjohan Pretorius
This study investigates the role played by General Louis Botha in the South African War of 1899 to 1902 and assesses his military skills in his encounters with the British forces in both the set-piece battle phase in the first months of the war and the guerrilla phase in the last two years of the war. It also analyses his attitude to peace and his participation in the peace process since the successive
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Pacifying the Pindaris: Warfare and state building by the British in India, 1750–1830 War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-08-31 Kaushik Roy
This article examines the rise and fall of the Pindaris in India between the mid eighteenth and early nineteenth century. The Pindaris started their career as military mercenaries of the Maratha chiefs. In the first decade of the nineteenth century, they became semi-autonomous non-state powers and threatened both their employers as well as the expanding British Empire in India. The Pindari threat became
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International analysis of battlefield performance in the Austro-Prussian War, 1866–1870 War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-07-21 Mark Bennett
Following the startling Prussian victory in the Austro-Prussian War of 1866, European observers sought to understand the war’s lessons and to apply them to future conflict. This article traces the way in which commentators in Britain, France, Prussia, Austria, and the various secondary states of Germany evaluated tactical developments resulting from the war. It highlights the transnational community
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Sea routes, intelligence agents, and the social dynamics of the Sino-Korean maritime frontier during the Ming-Manchu conflict War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-06-27 Jing Liu
This article examines the agency of local societies of the Sino-Korean maritime frontier in the circulation, utilisation, and management of intelligence that was intertwined with Chosŏn Korea’s subtle central-local relations in the international environment of northeast Asia during the Ming-Manchu conflict. It argues that the enhanced mobility of coastal populations in a highly pivotal sea space contributed
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Fulda Gap: A board game, West German society, and a battle that never happened, 1975–85 War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-06-20 Adam R. Seipp
This article explores the reception of the American-made board game Fulda Gap: The First Battle of the Next War in the Federal Republic of Germany in the early 1980s. The German peace movement used the game, which depicted conventional, chemical, and nuclear war on German territory, as a potent symbol of what they believed to be American and NATO disregard for German lives and sovereignty. The controversy
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Memorialisation of the Turkish War of Independence: Monuments, narratives and commemoration at the battlegrounds of Dumlupınar War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-06-17 Ömer Can Aksoy, Gizem Kahraman
This article examines the memorialisation of the Battle of Dumlupınar (30 August 1922) in Kütahya, Turkey. Through an investigation of landmarks, literature and oral history, we explore the post-war imaginings and settings of this battle. We observe three major practices of war memorialisation in the battlegrounds of Dumlupınar: state, public and local. State and public practices are largely intertwined
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Trenches on Latin American Screens and Football Fields: cultural and Sporting Life in Tacna and Arica (Chile) during the First World War War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-03-14 Lucas Maubert
This article analyses how the inhabitants of Tacna and Arica, on the border between Chile and Peru, experienced the First World War (1914–1918), especially regarding culture and sports. Despite its remoteness from military operations, the competition between the belligerent nations affected the region, which impacted different areas, such as football and the cinema. An exhaustive review of the local
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‘Luchamos Por Honor’#: Augusto C. Sandino’s Pursuit of Honour War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-03-09 Laurence M. Nelson III
Augusto César Sandino has presented challenges to historians seeking to define the first Sandinista movement. Many interpretations of his political and spiritual beliefs have sharpened our understanding of his actions, but a facet of his rhetoric remains only peripherally illuminated. When Sandino’s pursuit of honour is examined in the context of Nicaraguan political culture and the traditions of caudillo-led
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Activities of Borno Traditional Political and Religious Leaders in the Nigerian Civil War, 1967–1970 War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-03-07 Abdullahi Garba, Shettima Bukar Kullima, Garba Ibrahim
This article examines the activities of Borno traditional political and religious leaders in the Nigerian Civil War, with specific reference to the role of the Shehu of Borno and other chiefs, Muslim and Christian leaders. Traditional political leaders are the custodians of culture and traditions in Borno. They galvanised support for the war by mobilising society to contribute to the war effort. This
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A tale of two military missions: The Germans in the Ottoman Empire and the Americans in the Republic of Turkey War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-03-02 Mesut Uyar, Serhat Güvenç
Turkey requested big and influential military advisory missions against the Russian threat both from Germany in 1913 and America in 1947. Although these missions were charged with revitalising an antiquated armed force to fight a modern war as soon as possible, in reality Turkish leaders saw both missions as the first step towards a comprehensive military alliance against the Russians. The outbreak
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Peace, Politics, and Piety: Catholic Pilgrimage in Wartime Europe, 1939–1945 War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-02-08 Kathryn Hurlock
During the Second World War, the disruption and shortages of wartime life had a significant impact on the ability of Catholics to engage with their usual practice of pilgrimage in many parts of Europe. Transport was difficult, accommodation and sustenance lacking, many sites inaccessible, and some pilgrims viewed with suspicion. Yet wartime pilgrimages were popular, as people prayed for peace, appealed
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The Imperial Transformation of a Russian-Occupied Ottoman City during the First World War War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-02-04 Halit Dundar Akarca
The Russian Caucasian army occupied a considerable territory of the Ottoman empire during the First World War from 1915 until the withdrawal of the Russian military forces in 1918, after Soviet Russia’s acceptance of the victory of the Central Powers at Brest-Litovsk. The Russian military, the Russian administration in the Caucasus, the Russian Foreign Ministry and the Ministry of Agriculture had differing
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The Botswana Defence Force’s Policy of Arms Procurement in the Late Cold War Period and beyond War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-01-04 Bafumiki Mocheregwa
This article highlights some key aspects in the development of the Botswana Defence Force (BDF), in particular the politics surrounding its major arms purchases during the late Cold War period and afterwards. It argues that between 1980 and 1990 the BDF’s attempts to bolster its lethal capabilities in response to growing regional contentions were stifled by political pressure emanating from apartheid
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From Great Captains to Common Grognards: research opportunities in Napoleonic military history War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2022-01-03 John H. Gill
Despite the large literature on the Napoleonic wars, many key subjects remain unexplored in English language scholarship. This article reviews recent (approximately the past ten years) Anglophone military history scholarship addressing the European dimensions of the Napoleonic era to offer suggestions for future research.
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Surviving Crisis: The Napoleonic Upheavals and the ‘Time of the French’ as Cultural Trauma in Prussia, 1806–1812 War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2021-12-30 Christopher Thomas Goodwin
Historians have dismantled the myth of the Wars of Liberation as a general, nationalist uprising of the German people against French invaders. Nevertheless, analyses still focus on a connection between a bellicose nationalism and the ‘positive’ emotions of military victory. This article shifts the focus toward the preceding military defeat, occupation, and catastrophe in Prussia. The theory of cultural
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‘The Soul of the City’? Sound Performances and Community in Cape Town’s Two Minutes of Silence During the First World War War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2021-10-12 Sarah-Jane Walton
The origin of Britain’s annual Armistice Silence is often attributed to South Africa. This article considers the context of the Silence’s supposed origin: Cape Town, May – December 1918. Drawing on recent studies on war and sound history, it considers the Silence’s socio-cultural and affective dimensions, examining the collective statements and values embedded in the discourses about it, its urban
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Fascism, War and the British Officer Class: The Case of Robert Gordon-Canning War & Society (IF 0.5) Pub Date : 2021-09-03 Thomas Heyen-Dubé
The case of Robert Gordon-Canning highlights the crucial role of culture, both national and institutional, on the development of doctrine by the British Union of Fascists in the interwar period. This article aims to explore in depth the career of Gordon-Canning and present the cultural factors that pushed him to adopt apocalyptic visions of war. These visions of war became the mainstay of foreign and