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Recreating the playing fields: New Zealand prisoners of war and sport during the Second World War War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2021-04-05 Matthew Johnson
The introduction of sport in captivity during the Second World War helped to transform the prisoner-of-war camp and the wider prison community into something more familiar. A significant aspect of this transformation was the physical recreation of playing fields in many camps. These fields had elements of familiarity which lessened the foreignness of the camp space. This article analyses how participation
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The military history of Romanov Russia War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2021-03-29 John W. Steinberg
This article is a historiographic essay that examines some of the scholarly studies that have been published since the opening of the Russian archives and libraries to military historians of the Romanov period (1613–1917) of Russian history. While the basic narrative of Russian military history has not been significantly altered or transformed, gaining access to an enormous amount of new sources resulted
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The Fight for Political Status in Portlaoise Prison, 1973–7: Prologue to the H-Blocks Struggle War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2021-03-29 Dieter Reinisch
Between 1973 and 1977, about 100 Provisional republican prisoners staged a series of violent prison protests and hunger strikes in the Republic of Ireland’s high-security prison, Portlaoise. Research on political imprisonment during the Northern Ireland conflict overwhelmingly focuses on the H-Blocks struggle. The Portlaoise Prison protests, thus, remain an under-researched area, largely ignored by
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Introduction: Mobilising Resources for the Army and Navy in the Eighteenth-Century Spanish Empire: Comparative, Transnational and Imperial Dimensions War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2021-01-04 Pepijn Brandon, Sergio Solbes Ferri, Iván Valdez-Bubnov
The subject of this special issue is the relationship between the material demands of warfare and the political and administrative development of the Spanish imperial system during the long eighteenth century. Its purpose is to provide a transnational and comparative perspective on the methods employed by the Spanish monarchy to mobilise resources for war, emphasising the international, imperial and
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Mercantilist Ideology versus Administrative Pragmatism: The Supply of Shipbuilding Timber in Eighteenth-Century Spain War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2021-01-05 Rafael Torres-Sánchez
The mobilisation of resources for warfare has traditionally been analysed as an economic and logistic problem. There are, however, other factors like politics or ideology that might also determine the contractor state’s level of efficiency. Drawing on an investigation of how Spain solved its eighteenth-century shipbuilding timber supply needs, we look at how a given mercantilist-leaning political outlook
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Cannabis Yarn in the Spanish and English Empires. Different Policies, but the Same Results? War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2020-12-22 Manuel Díaz-Ordóñez, Antonio José Rodríguez-Hernández
Since the 16th century, the maritime empires of Spain and England faced a major logistical problem to supply their merchant and military fleets with materials made of hemp. This difficulty increased as both empires were incorporating the new American territories into their possessions, because of the impact that this expansion had on the increase in the number of vessels needed to keep the parts of
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Trade, war and industrial policy in Southeast Asia: Spanish shipbuilding outside the Philippine Islands (1619–1753) War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2021-01-25 Iván Valdez-Bubnov
The purpose of this article is to understand a specific variant of the Spanish shipbuilding policies in Asia during the early Modern period: the attempts to transfer the shipbuilding industry from the Philippines, where it was based since almost the beginning of the Spanish occupation of that Archipelago, to different foreign maritime regions in the Southern Pacific. Important studies on the Spanish
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Military Supply without the Military? Supplying the Spanish Army in the 18th Century War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2021-01-04 Sergio Solbes Ferri, Eduard Martí Fraga
Great progress has been made over the last decade in knowledge of the various systems of military supply used by the different European states in the 18th century. There is thus a clear institutional differentiation between the model of relations with the private market established by the British parliamentary monarchy or the Dutch republic and the model characteristic of absolute monarchies, such
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Trade, war and industrial policy in Southeast Asia: Spanish shipbuilding outside the Philippine Islands (1619–1753) War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2021-01-25 Iván Valdez-Bubnov
The purpose of this article is to understand a specific variant of the Spanish shipbuilding policies in Asia during the early Modern period: the attempts to transfer the shipbuilding industry from the Philippines, where it was based since almost the beginning of the Spanish occupation of that Archipelago, to different foreign maritime regions in the Southern Pacific. Important studies on the Spanish
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Correction War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2020-12-01
(2020). Correction. War & Society. Ahead of Print.
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Editor’s Note War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 Eleanor Hancock Editor
(2020). Editor’s Note. War & Society: Vol. 39, No. 4, pp. 233-233.
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Broken Friendship: The Relationship between General Sir Alan Brooke and Lieutenant-General Andrew McNaughton, 1917–1943 War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2020-09-02 Brendan Hogan
Previous examinations of the relationship between British General Sir Alan Brooke and Canadian Lieutenant-General Andrew McNaughton have focussed on Brooke’s role in securing McNaughton’s dismissal as commander of First Canadian Army. This article examines their relationship from their time together on the artillery staff of Canadian Corps during the Great War until McNaughton resigned as commander
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‘The Debates of the Past’: New Zealand’s First Labour Government and the Introduction of Conscription in 1940 War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2020-08-30 David Littlewood
A key impetus behind establishing the New Zealand Labour Party during 1916 had been to present a more unified front against conscription. Yet in 1940, it was the First Labour Government – comprising several leaders of the 1916–1918 resistance – that decided men should again be compelled to serve. While recent studies have described this as a swift and reluctant change in attitudes occasioned by the
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Per Ardua: Achievements, issues, and opportunities in writing the history of the Royal Air Force War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2020-08-30 S. P. MacKenzie
The history of the Royal Air Force has been chronicled and analysed extensively in recent decades. Popular writers, niche experts, and academic scholars have all made contributions of one kind or another. There remains, however, an overall tendency to concentrate on the Second World War and a strong inclination to focus on operational matters. Academics thinking about studying the RAF might consider
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The Portuguese Army in Late-Eighteenth-Century Brazil: A Colonial Elite or a Metropolitan Force? War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2020-08-26 Miguel Dantas da Cruz
The regular army in colonial Brazil was simultaneously a tool of imperial policy (seen as a way to impose metropolitan will) and an institution that, like many others, integrated in its ranks, and in senior positions, settlers, sometimes disgruntled settlers. This article deals with this apparent ambiguity. It examines the prosopography of officers who served in late-eighteenth-century colonial Brazil
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Editor’s Note War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2019-09-12 Eleanor Hancock
(2019). Editor’s Note. War & Society: Vol. 38, No. 4, pp. 249-249.
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The French Army on the Western Front War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2019-08-11 Elizabeth Greenhalgh
(2019). The French Army on the Western Front. War & Society: Vol. 38, No. 4, pp. 250-267.
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A Colonial Expedition? French Soldiers’ Experience at the Dardanelles War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2019-07-31 John Horne
As many French soldiers as ANZACs fought at Gallipoli. Their preconceptions had more to do with colonial campaigning than with the dominant French experience of the Great War — mass mobilisation to defend the nation on home territory. Moreover, a significant proportion of the troops at the Dardanelles were colonial. Yet the French soldiers discovered at Gallipoli a ‘front’ that was part of the mutual
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Goats Mingling With Sheep? Professionalisation, Personalities, and Partnerships Between British Civil and Military Engineers, c.1837–1939 War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2019-07-25 Aimée Fox
This article explores the entangled history of civil and military engineering from 1837 to 1939. Typically characterised in the historiography as a relationship marked by neglect and intransigence, it reveals a longstanding kinship between the two professions, built on the firm foundations of mutual interest and respect. Charting the formal and informal links between civil and military engineering
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Beyond ‘Parade Ground Soldiers’: French Army Assessments of the British in 1918 War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2019-07-24 Chris Kempshall
When the Germans launched their Spring Offensives of 1918, they placed tremendous pressure on the alliance between Britain and France. While French and British soldiers had formed strong relations through mutual cooperation at the Somme in 1916, the French experiences at Verdun and during the mutinies of 1917 had changed the way they viewed the war and, most crucially, how they would view any allied
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‘Ambushed by Victory’: British, French and American Military Plans to Defeat Germany in 1919 War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2019-07-24 Meighen McCrae
The United States, Britain, and France’s discussions on how to achieve victory over the enemy reveal how widespread was the notion that the war would have to be carried into 1919 in order to ensure a military victory over the German army. With the British, political pressure to maintain a sizable army combined with the over-estimation of the abilities of the enemy meant that many considered victory
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‘This War has Produced a Woman Who Can Keep a Secret!’1: The Mulberry Harbour Exhibitions, the Young Woman and the Contested Meanings of a British Wartime Invention War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2019-06-11 Andrew Horrall
In 1944, the British government was looking for ways to convince the public at home and abroad that the nation’s status as a world power was undiminished. To this end, the Ministry of Information developed a propaganda campaign for revealing the portable Mulberry Harbour that had been designed and built in Britain, and used in that June's invasion of Normandy. The official narrative was overshadowed
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The Nigerian Civil War and the ‘Italian’ Oil Workers War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2019-06-11 Arua Oko Omaka
The Nigeria-Biafra War, 1967–1970, had significant international dimensions. On 7 May 1969, eleven employees of the Italian-run AGIP oil company were killed at Kwale while eighteen others were held prisoner by Biafran soldiers. The death penalty given to the surviving oil workers by the Biafran government had a damaging effect on Biafra’s international image and temporarily weakened European sympathy
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Japan’s Most Beloved Suicide Bombers: The Nikudan-san’yūshi Phenomenon (1932–1945) War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2019-05-26 Hanae Kurihara Kramer, Scott Kramer
In 1932, three Japanese soldiers died in the line of duty during the Shanghai Incident. Battlefield gossip blamed their deaths on incompetence. Sensational newspaper reports lauded them as suicide bombers who crippled the defences of an enemy stronghold with only a Bangalore torpedo and ‘pieces of torn flesh.’ Hero worship and commercialization followed shortly thereafter. Their alleged exploits inspired
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Revolutionary versus Reactionary: Contrasting Portuguese and Spanish Civil-Military Relations during Democratisation War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2019-05-23 JosÉ Javier Olivas Osuna
The military is an important factor for the success or failure of democratisation processes. Portugal and Spain provide two paradigmatic cases. Despite their socio-economic, political and cultural similarities, these countries developed very different civil-military relations which significantly impacted their transitions. After having handed power over to a civilian dictator, Salazar, the Portuguese
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Editor’s Note War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2019-03-21 Eleanor Hancock
(2019). Editor’s Note. War & Society: Vol. 38, No. 1, pp. 1-1.
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War and Revolution: Friedrich Engels as a Military and Political Thinker War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2019-02-22 Paul Blackledge
This article explores the link between political and military strategy and tactics in the work of Friedrich Engels. Though widely praised for his understanding of military affairs, Engels’ interlocutors have tended to be dismissive of his political works. By exploring his politics through the lens of his military writings this article challenges the view that Engels was a mechanical materialist and
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Writing Veterans’ History: A Conversation on the Twentieth Century War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2019-01-31 Grace Huxford, Ángel Alcalde, Gary Baines, Olivier Burtin, Mark Edele
This article is a conversation between five specialists of veterans’ history on the current direction of the field and its importance to the study of war and society. The discussants offer an an overview of current methodologies, definitions and historiographical approaches. Concentrating on the experiences of twentieth-century veterans (particularly after 1945) and using a diverse range of case studies
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British Surrenders and the South African War, 1899–1902 War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2019-01-29 Stephen M. Miller
Based on primary research, this article examines more than 1000 cases of surrender in the British Army during the South African War, 1899–1902. It concludes that the majority of surrenders were caused by five conditions: faulty leadership, the removal of effective leadership through injury or death, lack of necessary supplies, decisive disadvantage in terms of numbers and the use of questionable tactics
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‘Mucho malo for fascisti’: Languages and Transnational Soldiers in the Spanish Civil War War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2019-01-29 Jorge Marco, Maria Thomas
This article explores the linguistic experiences of transnational soldiers, using the Spanish Civil War as a case study. It argues that communication difficulties provoked by linguistic diversity within the Republican war effort and particularly within the International Brigades, caused the high command to move from a utopian, internationalist policy to a more pragmatic approach. The article evaluates
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Blurred lines: the home front, the battlefront, and the wartime relationship between citizens and government in the Republic of Vietnam War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2019-01-21 Heather Marie Stur
In the Republic of Vietnam, the blending of the home and battle fronts shaped the relationship between citizens and their government. Civilians viewed the national government as the institution responsible for various forms of social welfare related to the war and the resulting militarisation of non-combatants’ lives. An examination of citizens’ letters to its ministries shifts the focus from questions
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Editor’s Note War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2018-12-05
(2018). Editor’s Note. War & Society: Vol. 37, New research on the First World War, pp. 223-223.
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Stuck in the past? British views on the Spanish army’s effectiveness and military culture, 1946–1983 War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2018-11-15 Bastian Matteo Scianna
After the Civil War the Spanish army functioned as a guardian of domestic order, but suffered from antiquated material and little financial means. These factors have been described as fundamental reasons for the army’s low potential wartime capability. This article draws on British and German sources to demonstrate how Spanish military culture prevented an augmented effectiveness and organisational
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Indigenization of the Pacific War in Timor Island: A Multi-language Study of its Contexts and Impact War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2018-11-13 Kisho Tsuchiya
This article provides a multi-dimensional picture of West and East Timorese participation in war-time violence using Japanese, Portuguese and English sources. It argues that mobilization of the ‘natives’ by foreign forces in neutral Portuguese Timor brought about a reorganization of social relations on Timor Island. From a local perspective, the exploitation of the Timorese resulted in a great number
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Cameroonian Schutztruppe Soldiers in Spanish-Ruled Fernando Po during the First World War: A ‘Menace to the Peace’?1 War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2018-10-29 Jacqueline de Vries
When the German forces were ousted from Cameroon in early 1916, they fled south to neutral Spanish Guinea. Tens of thousands of Cameroonians joined them. Over 20,000 African soldiers and hangers-on were eventually accommodated by the Spanish authorities on the island Fernando Po, off the Cameroonian coast. Despite mounting Allied pressure on Spain to disband and repatriate the troops, they remained
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Consigned to Oblivion: Rehabilitation of First World War Disabled Veterans in Portugal (1917–1927) War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2018-10-28 Helena da Silva
The First World War is known for its use of advanced weaponry, which caused massive injuries. Over 8,000 Portuguese soldiers who had fought in the African and European theatres of war returned home with a disability. Through a qualitative analysis of archival data, newspaper articles, and legislation, this article examines what was done for these disabled veterans in Portugal between 1917 and 1927
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Tangible Patriotism during the First World War: Individuals and the Nation in British Propaganda War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2018-10-16 David Monger
This article explores several propaganda campaigns aimed at British civilians during 1917. Through examples from campaigns for War Savings, Food Economy and National Service, it argues that propaganda in this crisis year was as much about identifying small, tangible, contributions that individuals could make to the war effort as about more sensational accounts of enemy wrongdoing. Propagandists targeted
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Ancient Greek Mercenaries: Facts, Theories and New Perspectives War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2018-10-16 Daniel Gómez-Castro
This article presents an overview of the historiography of Greek mercenaries and the proliferation of the phenomenon during the fourth century BC. It evaluates theoretical approaches to the political, economic and military roles that mercenaries played in Classical Greece during that century. In doing so, it considers the ways that interstate relations between the poleis shaped the development and
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All Ranks Behaved Splendidly: Scottish Unit Histories of the Great War, 1916–1936 War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2018-10-07 Elaine McFarland
Scottish military units were strongly represented among the outpouring of unit histories that followed the Great War. A neglected genre, these works stand as cultural as well as military landmarks, expressing the private grief, but also striving to convey the importance and validity of the recent experience of war. The discussion that follows begins by explaining the aims and motivations behind Scottish
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War Time Hysteria, 1917: Senator Miles Poindexter, ‘American-ness’ and the Strange Case of Colonel Carl Reichmann* * An earlier version of this article was published as a work-in-progress under the same title as SSRN-id2879556.View all notes War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2018-06-19 Joshua E. Kastenberg
When, on 6 April 1917, the United States entered into the First World War, a wave of anti-German sentiment captured the nation. The Army was not immune from accusations of subversion. In 1917 Senator Miles Poindexter accused a high ranking officer named Carl Reichmann of being in league with Germany. Despite the support from officers such as Hugh Lennox Scott and John J. Pershing, Reichmann was not
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Erratum War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2018-05-22
(2018). Erratum. War & Society. Ahead of Print.
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Cogs in the Machine: The Experiences of Female Munitions Workers and Members of the Australian Women’s Land Army in South Australia, 1940–45 War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2018-05-13 Rachel Harris, Paul Sendziuk
Mobilisation on the Australian ‘home front’ during the Second World War enabled some women to move temporarily into employment usually reserved for men, and to earn significantly higher wages than they were accustomed to, but the benefits of this have been often overstated. Focusing on South Australian women in the city and rural areas who took up the new working opportunities — in munitions factories
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Strengthening Minds and Bodies Within the French School System. Physical Education for Boys and Girls Between 1936 and 1950 War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2018-05-06 Michaël Attali, Jean Saint-Martin, Luc Robène, Thierry Terret
Physical education has been compulsory in France since 1880. Between 1936 and 1950, expansion intensified and extensive changes were made to course content. This article assesses the ramifications of these choices through an in-depth study of four variables that defined its instruction. Even if priority was given to generalisation and equal access to knowledge, research revealed an upsurge in the fight
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Appeasing the Spirits Along the ‘Highway of Horror’: Civic Life in Wartime Republic of Vietnam War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2018-05-06 Van Nguyen-Marshall
During the Easter Offensive hundreds of Republic of Vietnam soldiers and civilians were killed while fleeing Quảng Trị city along Highway One, earning this stretch of the road the name ‘the Highway of Horrors’ [Đại Lộ Kinh Hoàng]. This article examines this understudied event and the efforts of ordinary people, particularly the staff of the daily newspaper Sóng Thần, to collect and bury the corpses
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The Politics of Provisioning: Feeding South Asian Prisoners During the First World War War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2018-02-11 Nadja Durbach
During the First World War, the German and British Governments supplied culturally appropriate rations and secured special facilities for food preparation and consumption for South Asian prisoners of war whose loyalty both governments sought. The food provided in POW camps to South Asians serves as an index of the political status of colonial subjects at a moment when the future of European empires
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Sensory Stress and Personal Agency: Emotional Casualty Rates amongst USAAF Heavy Bomber Crews over Europe during the Second World War War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2018-02-11 S. P. MacKenzie
The findings of psychiatrists working for the USAAF have long dominated scholarship on aerial combat stress during the Second World War, including explanations why the emotional casualty rate aboard American heavy bombers varied by crew position. Critical examination suggests that the answers put forward are unsatisfactory, opening the way for an alternate analytic approach. Comprehending the different
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The Trouble with Peace: The Royal Army Medical Corps’ Cold War Recruitment Conundrums War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2018-02-11 Meghan Fitzpatrick
This article examines the Royal Army Medical Corps’ (RAMC) recruitment problems throughout the Cold War (1945–1980s). It explores why the RAMC experienced difficulties in attracting new personnel, how the army tried to alleviate these shortages, and the impact of chronic understaffing on the quality of military health care for generations of soldiers and their families. It concludes by reflecting on
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The Road to the Chaco War: Bolivia’s Modernisation in the 1920s War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2018-02-05 Robert Niebuhr
When Bolivian and Paraguayan leaders entered into war over the contested Chaco Boreal in 1932, they unleashed powerful, violent forces that would dramatically alter history. Understanding the Chaco War as the most pivotal event in Bolivia’s modern history, this article seeks to clarify the modernisation programme that had been underway in Bolivia during the 1920s. Reforms marked the decade and intersected
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Global War and its impact on the Gulf States of Kuwait and Bahrain, 1914–1918 War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2017-12-20 John Slight
This article provides the first detailed analysis of the Gulf States of Kuwait and Bahrain during the First World War. It argues that the war had a disruptive effect on these states’ politics, societies, economies and trans-regional networks. As well as writing the wartime experiences of Kuwait and Bahrain into the conflict’s global history, it aids our understanding of the effects of world-wide conflict
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William Tell Militarism: The Swiss Model for Canada’s ‘Citizen Army’ War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2017-12-18 James Wood
Following Confederation in 1867, Canadians needed to move forward from their dependence on British imperial defence. Canadian militiaman Richard John Wicksteed was first to recommend adopting the model of the Swiss Army, a multi-ethnic, rifle-wielding citizen force powerful enough to ensure Swiss neutrality although surrounded by militaristic European powers. General Officer Commanding Edward Thomas
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Punishing wars of aggression: conceptualising Nazi State criminality and the US policy behind shaping the crime against peace, 1943-1945 War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2017-12-15 Binoy Kampmark
This paper refocuses attention on what has been seen as one of the most important limbs of the Nuremberg Charter – the crime against peace, or aggressive war. It looks at the legal and political dimensions that motivated such a characterisation by figures behind the debate, and the various, at times uncertain steps, in bringing forth the designation based on breaches of the Kellogg–Briand Pact within
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War in the feudal zone: state failure and the abandonment of anthropological research in Mexico and Central America War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2017-12-15 William Yaworsky, Dawid Wladyka
We analysed the extent to which violent, organised crime has disrupted anthropological research in Mexico and Central America by conducting a survey of anthropologists who work in the region. We found that although anthropologists will continue research in regions they perceive to have the socio-economic characteristics of a failed state they are far less inclined to work in areas that they perceive
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Commemorating the centenary of the First World War: national and trans-national perspectives War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2017-10-27 Helen B. McCartney, David G. Morgan-Owen
This special issue examines the ways in which contemporary political, diplomatic, social and cultural trends have influenced centennial commemoration of the First World War in Europe, Russia and the Middle East. The four articles identify and examine a diversity of narratives that have emerged over the centenary period, charting similarities and differences between states, organisations and individuals
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The German centenary of the First World War War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2017-10-27 Annika Mombauer
In the run up to the 2014 centenary of the First World War, the German public was gripped by a heated debate on the origins of the war. This article explores the nature of this controversy and its role in shaping national commemoration of the Great War. It also draws parallels between the commemorations of the fiftieth anniversary of the outbreak of the war in 1964 and those of 2014. Through a comparison
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Commemorating the centenary of the Battle of the Somme in Britain War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2017-10-27 Helen B. McCartney
(2017). Commemorating the centenary of the Battle of the Somme in Britain. War & Society: Vol. 36, Commemorating the centenary of the First World War: national and trans-national perspectives, pp. 289-303.
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‘Choreographed by the angels’? Ireland and the centenary of the First World War War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2017-10-17 Catriona Pennell
The centenary of the First World War in Ireland is just one event amongst a broader series of commemorations collectively known as the decade of centenaries. This context, in itself, is unique in comparison to the other national case studies reviewed in this special edition. While the First World War centenary in Ireland is certainly no sideshow, it does have to share its place under the commemorative
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Commemorating catastrophe: 100 years on War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2017-10-16 Jay Winter
Memory is always about the future. When political conditions change, so do narratives about the past. This essay attempts to show the present-mindedness of commemoration of the centenary of the outbreak of the Great War in various parts of Europe. One case in point is the Russian rediscovery of the trilogy of a strong leader, a strong army, and a strong church in internet narratives of the Great War
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Shells vs Armour: Material Factors of the Battle of Tsushima in the works of Russian Memoirists and Historians War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2017-08-22 Dmitrii V. Likharev
The article contains a comparative analysis of Russian memoirists and historians` points of view on the material factors, including the so-called ‘shell-problem’, of the Battle of Tsushima. Pre-revolutionary and Soviet authors were inclined to exaggerate the role of technical deficiencies of Russian warships. Under the influence of new evidence, contemporary Russian historians reconsidered most of
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Gettysburg and the Great War War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2017-08-16 S. Marianne Johnson, Ian Isherwood
Fifty years after the conclusion of the Civil War, the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania faced the challenge of another war. From 1914 to 1917, the townspeople followed events in Europe closely, becoming vehement supporters of the American entry into the war by April 1917. In 1918, the Gettysburg Battlefield became inundated with American soldiers for the second time in its history, as doughboys trained
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Who Sank the Battleship Bouvet on 18 March 1915? The Problems of Imported Historiography in Turkey* * The last version of this work was presented in a conference titled as the 'First World War at Sea, 1914-1919' at National Maritime Museum, Greenwich at 3-4 June 2016. I would like to express my thanks to colleagues Oleg Ayrapetov, Yigal Sheffy, Gültekin Yıldız who expressed their opinions in the earlier War & Society (IF 0.219) Pub Date : 2017-08-08 Ayhan Aktar
This article traces how differing perspectives on the sinking of the French battleship Bouvet ultimately denied the Ottoman artillery credit for the success. The official British account would attribute the defeat to ‘floating mines’ and to the ‘luck’ of the Turks in March 1915 first, and later to the Nusret’s minefield when they published their official history in 1921. Following the Great War and
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