Abstract There has been a significant increase in the number of motorcyclists in the past years. According to crash statistics, motorcyclist crashes involving roadside fixed objects and safety systems have a higher probability of resulting in a fatality and serious injury. Therefore, as the number of motorcyclists on the road increases, there is an urgent need to consider motorcyclist safety as an

Abstract Real-time risk assessment studies have investigated a limited length of corridors. However, the necessity of assessing the safety performance of Connected Vehicles (CVs) requires looking into an entire corridor. Aligned with the CV Pilot Program on 402-miles Interstate-80 in Wyoming, this study serves as a baseline to quantify the safety performance of the corridor during CV pre-deployment

Abstract As ageing population is growing faster, traffic accidents involving elderly drivers become a serious social problem in South Korea. The present study aims to examine the impact of environmental characteristics on the injury severity of accidents involving elderly drivers in Seoul, South Korea. To achieve the purpose, the study divided elderly drivers into the following two groups: young-elderly

Abstract Technological advances have reached the fusion idea of virtual road safety audits that use a driving simulator for road safety audits. To improve this concept, researchers have proposed frameworks for virtual road safety audits at the initial stage. Until recently, VRSA experiments have been performed by experts’ decisions without taking into account the testability and feasibility of experimental

Abstract Motorcycle crash is considered as one of the critical safety issues. This study targets to examine the role of geometric design and other factors that contribute to the decision-making of motorcyclists, such as speeding, which could potentially result in a crash. This study analyzed Louisiana crash data from 2010 to 2016 to determine the patterns associated with speeding-related motorcycle

Abstract The virus 2019-nCoV rapidly crossed the globe in the first quarter of 2020, and the global civil aviation industry contributed to the spread of the virus. The aircraft deplaning process is one of the critical stages of the spread of infectious diseases and merits careful research accordingly. However, little effort has been made to tailor the civil aircraft deplaning process to the existence

Abstract Recently, there has been an increasing trend in traffic crash fatalities in the United States, including the State of Arizona. Given this fact, it is imperative to analyze factors that affect crash frequency, particularly those occurring on high-speed freeways. To address this issue, this study utilizes crash data from interstate freeways to explore factors affecting the frequency of crashes

Abstract This study investigates the lane-changing behavior in work zone merging areas during the period from the time of starting a lane-changing maneuver to that of completing the lane-changing maneuver. With vehicle trajectory data from short-term work zone sites, we establish a spatial-temporal varying coefficient model considering possible spatial-varying and time-varying effects. Model results

Abstract In this study, a driving simulator experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of tunnel retro-reflective arch (TA) on driving behavior, through the employment and analysis of TAs with disparate spacing alternatives (no TAs, TAs with a spacing of 200 m, and TAs with a spacing of 300 m) and tunnel lengths (800 m, 1800 m, 3500 m, and 5800 m). The performances of a total of 32 drivers

Abstract Connected vehicle technology relying on Human Machine Interface (HMI) achieve a dominant position in the overall safety improvement. However, the impact of HMI on the driver’s visual attention cannot be ignored, especially on the accident-prone foggy freeway. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the level of distraction caused by HMI in data analysis of drivers’ visual characteristics

Abstract Drivers approaching a signalized intersection during the onset of yellow are often in a dilemma whether to stop or go. It has been reported in past studies that drivers in India are aggressive and often run a red light, creating dangerous situations. In this study, the distribution of the dilemma zone is analyzed for selected signalized intersections characterized by mixed traffic conditions

Abstract It is hypothesized that traffic warning signs are installed at crash prone locations. However, all past studies model the impact of traffic warning signs on crash count independently. Failure to account for the interrelationships might result in biased models’ estimates. That shortcoming could be accounted by simultaneously modeling traffic warning signs’ installation, and crash counts . In

Abstract Air ambulance has a huge advantage over the ground transport in providing rapid medical access to remote areas, shortening transport time, and improving survival rate. However, one of the hurdles to expanding air service coverage is the limited heliports for landing. This study aims to quantitatively assess the impact of adding school playgrounds as sub-heliports to reduce air medical transport

Abstract We developed and tested geographically weighted Poisson regression and geographically weighted negative binomial regression models using five year’s collisions, traffic, socio-demographic, road inventory, and land use data for Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. The need for geographically weighted models became clear when Moran’s I local indicator showed that our study data contained statistically

Abstract When approaching a signalized grade crossing, drivers may run the red light due to the absence of yellow signal or neglect of the warning. Some warning countermeasures such as traffic signs and in-vehicle audio warning (IVAW) have the potential to improve drivers’ risk perception abilities and safety at grade crossings. In this study, a driving simulator-based experiment was conducted to investigate

Abstract Female and male drivers have different size proportions and anthropometry. However, in the United States and throughout the world, male crash dummies are the norm in vehicle testing and female crash dummies with representative anthropometric characteristics has not yet been used in testing to date. Given this discrepancy, female driver safety is not considered at the same level as male driver

Abstract To take advantage of enormous evacuation data for the efficiency of emergency evacuation, we in this paper develop an improved framework for evacuation planning, which is composed of a modified network-based model and a corresponding optimization structure. Under the proposed framework, we describe pedestrians' features in a computationally efficient way according to their movement pattern

Abstract In transportation, pedestrians are among the most vulnerable entities. Each year, a total of about 2,000 pedestrians are reported to be involved in traffic crashes with vehicles in North Carolina. Research efforts are needed to identify influencing factors and develop safety improvement measures for pedestrians. This study applies mixed logit (ML) model approach to exploring the potential

Abstract Interchanges are important highway facilities by connecting two or more freeways/expressways; however, it has been considered more dangerous than basic segments because of drivers’ decision-making to stay or exit, weaving, variations in speeds, etc. In this study, we aim at contributing to the literature by using a quasi-induced exposure method and logistic regression modeling approach to

Abstract Objective Rear-end crashes are a type of road traffic accident that occurs frequently. Currently, the application of advanced statistical models to predict the frequency of accident numbers has increased because such models enable accuracy in predictions. The study focuses on the application of these statistical models to determine the relationship between explanatory variables and the frequency

Abstract Aggressive driving is a common phenomenon with potential safety hazards. The primary aim of this study is to investigate the relationship among driving skill, driving behavior and driving aggressiveness. A questionnaire survey consisting of three subscales was conducted. Subscale 1 is about driving skill; Subscale 2 is associated with daily driving behavior, while Subscale 3 focuses on aggressive

Abstract As one of the most frequently occurring crashes, rear-end crashes often result in injuries and property damage, especially when large trucks are involved. To investigate the contributing factors and the unobserved heterogeneity in such factors, a mixed logit model is developed to analyze rear-end crashes involving large trucks. A dataset containing 7,976 rear-end crashes involving large trucks

Abstract The safety of railways, the nation's main transportation network, is currently drawing attention. This is mainly because of recent terrorist attacks aimed at private multipurpose facilities in a number of foreign countries. This article proposes a system for real-time monitoring of railway facilities and secure areas. Access control will be obtained using Raspberry Pi, an inexpensive micro-controller

Abstract In this study, we conducted a series of experiments to investigate child behavior during self-evacuation and guided evacuation under non-emergency and emergency situations. The properties of child flow dynamics are obtained through analysis of the experimental video recordings. It is found that under a non-emergency situation, the evacuation processes are orderly, and group and waiting behavior

Abstract Safety performance functions (SPFs) are vital tools used to predict and reduce intersection crashes. Because SPFs developed in the Highway Safety Manual (HSM) only use data from certain states, several states have developed region-specific SPFs. However, these SPFs typically only utilize the three roadway categories in the HSM. This research developed SPFs based on a new context classification

Abstract Highway downgrades for heavy trucks generate a potential safety risk and disruption for truck drivers and other road users. Emergency escape ramps (EER) are the standard method of accommodating runaway trucks in the downgrade sections of highways. The aging EER infrastructure, along with the increasing number of truck incidents in mountainous highways, creates the need for research into best

Abstract Crash severity has been extensively studied and numerous methods have been developed for investigating the relationship between crash outcome and explanatory variables. Crash severity data are often characterized by highly imbalanced severity distributions, with most crashes in the Property-Damage-Only (PDO) category and the severe crash category making up only a fraction of the total observations

Abstract This study aims to incorporate survival theory into the estimation of crash modification factors (CMFs) and to examine the performance. A joint modeling framework, which considers crash counts and time intervals between crashes simultaneously, is proposed. To assess the performance of the joint model, this study collected roadway and crash data on 240 rural two-lane roadway segments in Texas

Abstract Values are supposed to transcend specific situations and contexts. A country-independent relationship is expected between individual values and aggressive driving. The purpose of this novel study was to investigate the relationship between individual values and aggressive driving. The data were collected from five countries, namely, Estonia, Greece, Kosovo, Russia, and Turkey. The number of

Abstract In 2014, the authors successfully developed local calibration factors (LCFs) for the rural and urban arterials and highways for the State of Maryland. In this research, the authors computed LCFs for freeway segments, speed-change lanes, and signalized and stop-controlled ramp terminals to complement and complete LCFs for Maryland to adjust predicted motor vehicle crashes as part of the Highway

Abstract This paper investigates the significant contributing factors affecting the injury severity of car drivers, car passengers, and truck occupants from the aspects of car-truck collisions along interstate 80 (I-80) in Wyoming using a binary logit model with a Bayesian inference approach. Fixed- and random-effects models were developed to examine the effects on severe and non-severe injuries. Results

Abstract The analyses of the safety effects of the road network features can help to understand the risk factors in road crashes and provide useful policy implications. In macro-level analyses, adjacent traffic analysis zones (TAZs) could influence each other on road safety. Therefore, it is necessary to move beyond the common practice of just examining the road network of the TAZ itself and analyze

Abstract This study aims at modelling unassisted drivers’ speed at the yellow onset to enhance Connected and Autonomous Vehicles applications at signalised intersections and maximise drivers’ comfort. For this purpose, a total of 2442 real-life vehicle trajectories were analysed to extract driver behavioural measures (i.e. speed, acceleration, and distance to intersection) at different times before

Abstract Objectives: Hit-and-run crashes account for about 14% of total accidents (MoRTH 2017) in India despite it being a cognizable offense under the Indian motor vehicle act of 1988. Hit-and-run crashes also account for a significant number of pedestrian crashes. A better understanding of these crashes is required to reduce the severity of pedestrian crashes. Recent reports claim that there is an

Abstract Network screening for crash hotspots is the first step in roadway safety management. The empirical Bayes (EB) method has been widely used for ranking sites. In the EB process, the most frequently used model for developing safety performance functions (SPFs) is the negative binomial (NB) regression model, in which the dispersion parameter plays a critical role. There are primarily two forms

Abstract Underground road systems are becoming popular in cites because they can overcome urban space constraints and increase capacity and accessibility for urban transport systems. In cities with rivers and seas, the construction of cross-river tunnels can preserve land resources and reduce traffic congestion without affecting navigation. However, tunnel traffic safety has become an increasing concern

Abstract IVIS (In-vehicle Information System) is an important factor causing driver distraction. To study the driver distraction detection method when operating IVIS, the effectiveness of driving performance indicators in the identification of driving distraction was verified by the method of variance analysis. Forty participants were selected to conduct the driver distraction experiment when operating

Abstract Gravel road safety is a crucial area of road safety since gravel roads represent a substantial proportion of the entirety of the nation’s roadway network. Also, gravel roads pose inherent hazards that are otherwise absent in paved roads. Nonetheless, research related to gravel road crash count prediction models, known as safety performance functions (SPFs), was rarely undertaken. SPFs are

Abstract Risky and aggressive driving behaviors remain a serious safety concern across the globe. While engineering, education, and emergency medical services can affect the outcome of these behaviors, enforcement is a critical element of a well-rounded safety focus and has been proven to significantly reduce serious injury and fatal crashes. To appropriately and equitably allocate enforcement resources

Abstract Compared to normal incidents, secondary incidents are more likely to result in severe injuries and fatalities. However, limited efforts have been made to unveil the factors affecting the severity of secondary incidents. Incidents that occurred on the Interstate-5 in California within five years were collected. Detailed dynamic traffic flow conditions, geometric characteristics and weather

Abstract Nowadays, various factors such as the welfare of citizens as well as traffic and air pollution reduction demonstrate the necessity of the creation and development of urban rail transport systems. Despite the utilization of new technologies in transportation systems and their automation, humans continue to play an important role in different parts of design, operation, monitoring, and repair

Abstract With the rapid development of the global aviation industry, the number of aircraft flying in the airspace has continuously increased. Although aviation safety has been improved in the last several decades, many general aviation and a few commercial aviation accidents occur every year, resulting in fatalities and significant economic loss. Aircraft crash accidents not only cause fatalities

Abstract Improving traffic safety is a priority of most transportation agencies around the world. As part of traffic safety management strategies, efforts have focused on developing more accurate crash-frequency models and on identifying contributing factors in order to implement better countermeasures to improve traffic safety. Over time, models have increased in complexity and computational time

Abstract Road safety is a major public health concern in our society. Effective road design and accurate safety analyses must be a component of programs focused on reducing and eliminating roadway injuries and deaths. Various methodologies exist to determine the expected number of crashes on rural two-lane rural roads. This research compares different procedures which allow for the estimation of the

Abstract In the United States, flooding related crashes have exposed the vulnerability of transport networks. Without realizing the depth of a flooded roadway, some may attempt to cross. At night during heavy storms, determining if a road is flooded is especially difficult. Only 18–24 inches of moving water are needed to sweep away a truck, and only 6 inches are needed to carry away a small car. Louisiana’s

Abstract Excessive speed is a significant traffic safety concern on almost all types of roadways. A practical speed management strategy should improve mobility and vehicle progression by reducing nonrecurrent delays and improve public health and traffic safety by reducing the number of speeding-related crashes. Speed feedback signs are an effective speed management strategy. The objective of this article

Abstract The severity of traffic barrier crashes has been modeled in the literature based on human, road, and traffic barrier factors. However, all these factors interact in a complicated way so the relationship between these factors still remains unclear. A structural equation model (SEM) can be used to capture the intricate relationships between the contributory factors and the latent or unobservable

Abstract The City of Edmonton has invested in the installation of Driver Feedback Signs (DFSs) throughout the city starting from 2011. DFSs are dynamic speed display signs aimed at providing positive guidance to drivers with the goal of improving compliance to posted speed limits. Given the city’s extensive history with DFS installation, the goal of this study is to evaluate the safety performance

Abstract Pedestrian-train collisions at highway-railroad grade crossings (HRGCs), though relatively rare events, often result in severe injuries or fatalities. In the ten year period from 2008-2017, there were 1,470 pedestrian-train collisions reported in the United States resulting in 908 fatalities and 492 injuries according to the Federal Railroad Administration. Furthermore, pedestrians in over

Abstract Truck-related crashes in the work zones always resulted in severe injury outcomes. This paper analyses the injury severity of truck-involved crashes in the work zones based on a ten-year (2005–2014) data collected in North Carolina. A wide range of variables is considered, including the driver, environmental, work-zone, road, and vehicle characteristics. The mixed logit (MXL) and partial proportional

(2020). Editorial: Cycling Safety. Journal of Transportation Safety & Security: Vol. 12, SI: Cycling Safety, pp. 1-2.

Abstract The data from the years 2009 until 2015, collected by a scientific research team at the Hannover Medical School for the GIDAS project (German In-Depth Accident Study), were used as the study sample. Results: Injuries do not occur more often or more seriously in pedelec accidents than in conventional bicycle accidents. For accidents involving pedelec riders, almost exclusively injury severities

Abstract A questionnaire was designed to investigate the psychologies and behaviors of crowds under special events such as fires, heavy crowd flows, and explosions. Five hundred and fifty-five valid questionnaires were gathered and the information obtained was statistically analyzed. Based on a logistic model, the study analyzed the influence of gender, age, occupation, level of education, and degree

Abstract A major focus for transportation safety analysts is the development of crash prediction models, a task for which an extremely wide selection of model types is available. Perhaps the most common crash prediction model is the negative binomial (NB) regression model. The NB model gained popularity due to its relative ease of implementation and its ability to handle overdispersion in crash data

Abstract Wyoming has one of the highest truck cash rates in the United States. Three safety agencies in the state, theWyoming Department of Transportation (WYDOT), the Wyoming Highway Patrol (WHP), and the Wyoming Trucking Association (WTA), coordinated to identify three zones throughout Wyoming with high truck traffic with the objective of improving road safety in the state. The literature review

Abstract This study explores the associated factors for multiple-threats and near-miss incidents resulting from drivers yielding right-of-way at signalized midblock crosswalks. It utilized observational survey data collected from 15 crosswalks located in Las Vegas, Nevada. The study sites are signalized with yellow flash-based signals. The descriptive analysis revealed that 5.61% and 1.56% of all 3976

Abstract With more electrical and electronic equipment applied into the railway system, much more data can be collected and then the big data era of railway is coming. By employing the maximal information coefficient (MIC), the big data analysis of rail equipment accidents is studied to investigate the effect of the updating of rail equipment. The rail equipment accident data set of 25 years (from

Abstract With many people using subways at the same time, subway stations must be appropriately designed to allow people to move smoothly and safely during daily operation and emergency evacuation. The present study carries out an agent-based modeling (ABM) of people from trains and platforms in a typical subway station in normal and evacuation scenarios. Developed based on the NetLogo platform, the

Abstract For increased accuracy of the results of the procedures in the Highway Safety Manual (HSM), states are encouraged to develop jurisdiction-specific safety performance functions (SPF), if necessary. After performing calibration of four-lane divided rural-multilane segments using the HSM methodology, underprediction was observed for total crashes and overprediction was identified for fatal and

Abstract In the current literature, data is aggregated for the estimation of functions to explain or predict crash patterns using either clustering analysis, regression analysis, or stage-wise models. Typically, analysis sites are grouped into site subtypes based on predefined characteristics. The assumption is that sites within each subtype experience similar crash patterns as a function of prespecified