-
The Party Politics of Military Intervention in Australia and Executive Prerogatives: Ideology Meets Strategy and Culture Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2024-08-22 Falk Ostermann
As an adjusted Westminster-style system with large executive room for maneuver in matters of foreign, security, and defense policies, Australia’s parliament does not have a formal say in sending troops abroad despite the continental nation’s constant military deployments, i.e., alongside its major ally, the United States. Past efforts from Democrats and Greens to push legislation giving parliament
-
Securitization, Deterrence, and Extended Deterrence by Denial: The War in Ukraine Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-22 Amir Lupovici
The war in Ukraine created a situation in which various actors issued and responded to existential threats. These incidents of aggressive rhetoric invite a scholarly discussion about the securitizing moves of deterrence. More specifically, I identify five interrelated securitizing moves—each responding to the other moves—within which deterrent threats are embedded: It allows us to trace how Russian
-
Coercive Recruitment and Combatant Socialization: Reanalyzing the Role of Child Soldiering on Conflict-Related Sexual Violence Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-09 Changwook Ju
Why do armed organizations perpetrate conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV)? One prominent explanation focuses on the need to sustain group solidarity following the introduction of new combatants, a phenomenon referred to as combatant socialization. In this article, I revisit recent quantitative research suggesting that rebel groups recruiting children as soldiers engage in CRSV to facilitate combatant
-
Faith Renewed: Validation of the LTA_Classic Conceptual Complexity Coding Scheme Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-09 Cassidy LoSasso, Michael D Young
Following the creation of the LTA_Classic automated coding schemes for Margaret Hermann’s approach to leadership analysis, LTA_Classic has become a widely used tool for researching the individual differences between leaders and their policies in the last two decades. However, there has been no prior published assessment of the validity of the LTA_Classic coding scheme. The result of this validity assessment
-
Role Theory, Non-Coercive Influence, and the Agency of Target States: The Case of Kazakhstan’s Ambassadorial Corps and the Russian Diplomatic Academy Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2024-07-02 John C Stanko
This article contributes to foreign policy analysis by applying role theory to the study of soft power, evaluating the relationship between a state’s chosen international role(s) and susceptibility to non-coercive influence. I argue that in countries where said role involves committed engagement with varied power poles, elites derive benefits from their various partners and thus abide soft power bases
-
Contextualizing Individual Attitudes on Economic Statecraft Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2024-06-28 Timothy M Peterson, Susan M Miller
When do US citizens express greater support for economic intervention abroad in response to violations of international norms? Under what conditions do they express greater support for punitive sanctions or positive inducements? We know little about whether and to what extent citizens offer greater support for sanctions compared to positive inducements and how contextual factors might alter support
-
A Debate of the Highest Order: The Brexit Referendum as Second-Order Role Contestation Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2024-06-21 Benjamin Martill, Adrian Rogstad
The 2016 Brexit referendum reignited debate on the UK’s international role. Yet the stakes were complex, since neither side challenged Britain’s global leadership role or its strong ties with non-European partners. Research on role contestation has thus struggled to account for the politics of Brexit, focusing instead on non-role-based conflict. We argue that Brexit debates can be understood by reference
-
Embargoes, Weapons, and Violence: The Conditional Effects of Arms Embargoes on Civilian Targeting Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Amira Jadoon, Bryan R Early
A primary goal of arms embargoes is to mitigate the humanitarian effects of conflict within target states by restricting access to foreign weaponry. Within this study, we investigate how embargoed governments adapt their violent strategies in response to restrictions on arms imports. We theorize that arms embargoes that undermine governments’ military strength may inadvertently increase their reliance
-
The Role of Foreign Aid in Procuring Civil War Party Consent to Peacekeeping Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Johannes Karreth, Timothy J A Passmore, Jaroslav Tir
Successful peacekeeping depends heavily on the conflict parties providing unrestricted consent to the intervention. Consent is, however, often withheld or limited by one or more parties who calculate a higher cost to peace than to continued fighting. We highlight the role of international economic incentives in the form of foreign development aid in overcoming hurdles to obtaining consent. We argue
-
EU Member State Support to Ukraine Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Tim Haesebrouck
The EU and its member states have provided an unprecedented amount of military, humanitarian and financial aid to Ukraine after Russia's attack on February 24, 2022. However, while some EU member states have provided a disproportionately high level of support to Ukraine, other member states committed an unexpectedly low level of aid. This article aims to explain the diverging levels of EU member state
-
Automated Motive Scoring and International Crisis Behavior Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-07 Michael D Young
Although implicit motives are well established, coding for implicit motives has been a time-consuming and difficult manual process. This study (i) evaluates automated motive coding schemes for Need for Achievement, Need for Affiliation, and Need for Power, (ii) assesses the relationship between these three motives and crisis initiation, and (iii) assesses the explanatory power of other psychological
-
Do Parties Matter? Party Positions and European Voters’ Attitudes toward Economic and Political Globalization Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Alex Honeker
To what extent do party positions influence voters’ attitudes toward the economic and political aspects of globalization? Initially an issue following a left-right dimension of conflict, globalization increasingly divides mainstream from nonmainstream parties. In this study, I argue that parties help citizens form opinions on globalization issues. I then use data on voters’ attitudes and party positions
-
Domestic Debate and International Office: Sweden in the UN Security Council 2017–18 Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Ulrika Möller, Ann-Marie Ekengren
Through an explanation of the domestic political controversy that surrounded the most recent Swedish candidature and subsequent membership of the UN Security Council 2017–18, this article contributes to our understanding of the domestic–foreign policy nexus in two respects. First, it conceptualizes a domain of foreign policy priorities. Issues within this domain are likelier to deviate from a consensual
-
Sweetening the Deal: The Strategic Value of Combining Inducements with Militarized Compellent Threats Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Yewon Kwon
This study examines the impact of combining conditional inducements with threats in the context of militarized compellence. It introduces a novel variable to measure the presence of inducements and presents a theory and empirical tests supporting the hypothesis of an increased likelihood of successful outcomes when combining militarized compellent threats with inducements. This integration provides
-
Foreign Policy as the Continuation of Domestic Politics by Other Means: Pathways and Patterns of Populist Politicization Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 David Cadier
This article argues that populism in power translates into a greater tendency to politicize foreign policy, in the sense of defining and articulating foreign policy preferences in opposition to political predecessors, using foreign policy as an instrument and ground to battle political opponents, and over-prioritizing domestic incentives and considerations over external ones. Paradoxically, compared
-
The Role of Political Leaders’ Emotions in Shaping International Rivalries: The Case of Former Bolivian President Evo Morales Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Consuelo Thiers
This study applies the appraisal theory of emotions to explore how they influence leaders’ responses in the context of long-standing rivalries between states. It argues that policymakers’ emotions toward a rival country can help elucidate periods of higher and lower tensions in their bilateral relationship. Focusing on the Bolivian–Chilean rivalry, this study examines the case of Bolivia’s former president
-
The Evolution of Monitoring: Evidence from Text Analysis of Election Monitoring Reports Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Taku Yukawa, Takuto Sakamoto
After the Cold War, election monitoring activities increased significantly, and research on the topic has risen sharply in the last ten years. These are valuable contributions, but we believe one point requires further consideration: empirically clarifying how monitoring has changed over time. This is because fraudsters have begun to shift election manipulation from the day of the election to other
-
Peace at Home, Conflict Abroad: Government Ideology, Mission Type, and Parliamentary Support for Military Interventions Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Valerio Vignoli, Francesco Baraldi
International relations scholarship has long overlooked the role of parliament in shaping states’ decision to go to war. In contrast, recent studies explored variations in parliamentary war powers across time and countries and their impact on troop deployments abroad. However, a systematic analysis of the determinants of support for military interventions in parliament is still missing. This article
-
Particularized Preferences for Civilian Protection? A Survey Experiment Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Sophia Hatz, Lisa Hultman
Even as the protection of civilians becomes a widely held norm, there is substantial variation in public support for humanitarian policy efforts. We use a survey experiment in Sweden to gain insights into this puzzle. Our survey confirms that citizens generally support military, but particularly non-military, means of civilian protection. Yet, we also find that support is partly particularized. Specifying
-
Lobbying Sanctions: Data from the European Union Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Katharina Meissner
This article introduces the Lobbying EU Sanctions dataset. Sanctions have become a decisive tool in international relations, including in the European Union’s (EU) foreign affairs. Business actors are heavily affected by sanctions, especially economic and financial ones. Yet, scholarship and the public know little about how business actors interact with decision-makers in the context of sanctions.
-
The Unlevel Playing Field: Gender, Discrimination, and Global Attitudes toward Trade Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-10-06 Alexandra Guisinger, Katja B Kleinberg
The gender gap in support for trade is one of the most robust empirical findings to emerge from research on public opinion in international political economy. Even controlling for differences in education, skill level, industry affiliation, and other factors, women express consistently more protectionist views than men. Less frequently noted, and thus far unexplained, is that this gender gap varies
-
Micro-foundations of the Quest for Status: Testing Self-Status Perception and the Multilateral Use of Force Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-09-12 Yuji Masumura, Atsushi Tago
Research on status in international relations has expanded in the last few decades. The key empirical studies suggest that status concern generates an incentive for initiating international conflicts since unilateral military engagement is believed to increase the status of a country. We concur with this argument. However, a further study should be conducted to find whether “multilateral” military
-
Malicious Motives or Innocent Intentions? How Moral Reactions to “Collateral Damage” Shape Perceptions of Intent in Wartime Conduct Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-08-24 David Traven, Marcus Holmes, Jonathan A Chu
The laws of war prohibit intentional attacks on civilians, a fact that reflects the widely held view that intentional killings are particularly egregious, far more so than incidental killings or pure accidents. Yet, recent scholarship in moral psychology shows that the relationship between intention-understanding and moral judgments can also go the other way, that is, that judgments about whether an
-
Introducing the International Treaty Ratification Votes Database Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-08-23 Falk Ostermann, Wolfgang Wagner
This research note introduces the International Treaty Ratification Votes Database, which covers more than 6,000 votes on the ratification of international treaties in Canada, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Slovakia, Spain, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States between 1990 and 2019. In addition, the database presents data on the voting behavior of ninety parties in eight of these countries
-
Introducing Myth to Foreign Policy Analysis: The Blair Poodle Myth and Its Impact on Constructions of the “Special Relationship” Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-08-21 Thomas Eason
This article introduces the concept of political myth to foreign policy analysis. It explains how myth can influence the construction of foreign policy events and decisions and creates a new lens that analysts can use to study this. To do that, this article draws upon conceptual literature on political myth to explain what myth is and how it shapes discursive constructions of the world. Adopting an
-
Role Spillover: Roles’ Impacts across Contexts and the EU’s Struggle for Arctic Council Observer Status Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-08-21 Aslak Veierud Busch
The way an international actor acts in one context impacts its ability to play a role in other contexts. Expanding on role theoretical insights, I develop a concept of role spillover to account for the ways in which roles interact across contexts. Acting in accordance with expectations in one context might not benefit an actor in another context; it can either support or impede an actor’s ability to
-
Hawks versus Doves: Who Leads American Foreign Policy in the US Congress? Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-08-21 William Bendix, Gyung-Ho Jeong
The combination of partisan polarization and controversial military engagements has produced contentious debates over US foreign policy in Congress. Who has been winning these debates and exerting greater influence over the development of security and defense bills, hawkish or dovish legislators? The literature offers competing answers—on the one hand, arguing that hawks enjoy policy advantages because
-
Ontological (in)Security and the Iran Nuclear Deal—Explaining Instability in US Foreign Policy Interests Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-06-21 Morgan Thomas Rees
On July 14, 2015, under the leadership of the Obama administration, the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action—referred to as the Iran Nuclear Deal—was signed. After 35 years of diplomatic isolation, the agreement marked a watershed moment in the United States–Iran relations and achieved a key US national security objective regarding nuclear non-proliferation. However, the agreement faced significant domestic
-
The Political Economy of Peacekeeping: Civil–Military Resource Substitution through International Brokerage Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-06-20 Nazmus Sakib, Md Muhibbur Rahman
What effects does participation in peacekeeping operations (PKO) have on the participating countries’ civil–military resource allocation? Answering this question can widen our understanding of state motivations to contribute to the United Nations PKOs by incorporating the civil–military dynamic. We argue that contributing states can substitute part of their domestic military expenditures with external
-
Is a Free Trade Agreement More than Merely a Trade Policy? People's Preferences for Free Trade Agreements and the Security Factor Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-05-22 Taisuke Fujita
What determines people's preferences regarding trade policy? Existing studies have assumed that people consider trade policy merely trade politics; accordingly, these studies have focused on economic factors, such as benefits to individual or national welfare; ideational factors, such as xenophobia; or domestic political factors. This paper reveals that the international political factor of national
-
Status Seeking through Peacekeeping: Ukraine's Quest for a Positive Social Identity in the International System Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-04-13 Madalina Dobrescu
When do states pursue status enhancement through peacekeeping and how do they go about it? This article argues that states’ contributions to peace operations can be related to attempts at acquiring a positive identity in the international arena through membership in highly ranked groups. Drawing on insights from social identity theory and peacekeeping and burden-sharing research, the article elaborates
-
Backing Out but Backing In Audience Costs? A Replication of Levy et al. (2015) Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-04-06 Makito Takei, Philip Paolino
Levy et al. (2015) propose that inconsistency audience costs are caused in two ways: backing out of military commitment or backing into foreign conflicts. We replicate their experiment in July–August, 2021. Like many other studies, we find evidence for audience costs caused by backing out. However, our findings indicate that, unlike Levy et al., citizens are no less supportive of a leader who backs
-
Ending Economic Sanctions in the Shadow of Bargaining Problems Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-03-30 Menevis Cilizoglu
Can imposers of sanctions end economic coercion without the fear of strengthening their targets’ capabilities? Senders may prefer to end sanctions given its ex post inefficiency, yet doing so might provide the target greater access to resources and contribute to its offensive behavior. Targets’ inability to credibly commit to reversing their policies while enjoying the gains from sanctions relief,
-
Does Emergency Rule Help Counterinsurgents? Testing the Hearts and Minds Theories Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-03-20 Aysegul Aydin, Anna Marie Gray
Is popular support necessary to win counterinsurgency wars? We argue that countries that adopt extralegal frameworks to defeat insurgencies are less likely to win counterinsurgency wars because although greater civilian control helps cut insurgent logistics, it complicates the process of winning hearts and minds among civilians. We test this argument with new data on emergency rule in the post-1918
-
Economic Actors as Human Rights Watchers: The Effects of Government Sexual Violence on Foreign Direct Investment Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-02-20 Samaila Oluwatope Adelaiye, Chhandosi Roy, Mehwish Sarwari
Do reports of sexual violence by state forces influence foreign direct investment? While studies have examined the impact of government human rights performance on FDI, how investors react to civilian victimization during wartime remains understudied. We investigate this with a focus on conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV). We argue that sexual violence by state governments results in the loss of
-
Populist Leadership, Opportunistic Decision-Making, and Poliheuristic Theory: Cristina Kirchner's Decision to Defy “The Vultures” Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-02-07 Stephan Fouquet
This study asks how two typically observed empirical manifestations across cases of international populist agency—issue-specific mass mobilization and personalistic decision-making—operate within politicized decision contexts to produce foreign policy outputs. Integrating a political-strategic conceptualization of populism with poliheuristic theory (PH), it is argued that the definitional components
-
Foreign Policy Alignment and Russia's Energy Weapon Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-01-30 Christina M Stoelzel Chadwick, Andrew G Long
Scholars of international relations disagree whether trade in natural gas between Europe and Russia provides the latter with a source of foreign policy power. Because a reduction in trade of natural gas is costly for importers, the potential economic power of Russia's energy weapon could alter strategic calculations about diplomatic conflict with Russia. Consequently, we hypothesize that increases
-
Weathering the Storm: Discordant Learning about Reputations for Reliability Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-01-30 Bailee Donahue, Mark J C Crescenzi
It is well established that state reputations impact international politics, but less is known about how these reputations change. We investigate one form of change by examining how individuals process new information. Using a logic of discordant learning, we expect good reputations to survive new and incongruent information that counters expectations. Good reputations can help states “weather the
-
Middle Powers and Soft-Power Rivalry: Egyptian–Israeli Competition in Africa Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-01-20 Asaf Siniver, Gerasimos Tsourapas
Scholars of international relations have long recognized the importance of soft power in great powers’ hegemonic designs. In contrast, we know little of middle powers’ employment of noncoercive strategies of attraction and, in particular, how soft power operates in the context of middle-power antagonism. We suggest that, first, soft power enhances coalition-building strategies for middle powers. Contrary
-
Between the West and Russia: Explaining Individual Foreign Policy Preferences in the Small States Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-01-20 Namig Abbasov, Cameron G Thies
This paper examines mass public opinion in three small states of the South Caucasus, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia, to understand why some individuals in these states prefer a pro-Western foreign policy orientation–pursuing membership in North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the European Union (EU), while others do not. We draw on social identity theory to hypothesize the potential affinity
-
What (Who) Is Moderate Islam for? Malaysia's Ontological Security Seeking in the Post-September 11 Global Order Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-01-20 Nicholas Chan
The popular yet ambiguous idea of moderate Islam has been treated with either interest or indifference in international relations. The interest hinges on hopes of Islamic reformism, whereas the indifference originates from a cynical view that sees moderate Islam campaigns as driven by political opportunism. These viewpoints conceptualize the idea of “moderate Islam” as exegetically rooted and seek
-
Determining Support for Humanitarian Interventions: Prospect Theory versus Cues Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-01-09 Zlatin Mitkov
To what extent can prospect theory’s framing effects and elite and social group cues moderate public support for humanitarian interventions? This study extends the research on public support for humanitarian interventions by capturing the interaction between prospect theory’s framing effects and elite and social group cues on individuals’ willingness to support risky foreign policies. The study incorporates
-
Some Assembly Required: Explaining Variations in Legislative Oversight over the Armed Forces Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2023-01-08 David Auerswald, Philippe Lagassé, Stephen M Saideman
Legislatures vary widely in how they affect democratic civil–military relations. In some countries, legislative oversight plays a critical role in guiding their defense establishment. In others, legislators are largely ignorant and happily so. In this article, we explain the sources of these variations in fifteen democratic states. After discussing the importance of the legislature's role in democratic
-
Insights for Foreign Policy Analysis from European Union External Action Studies Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2022-12-27 Sieglinde Gstöhl, Simon Schunz
The European Union (EU) has increasingly become a foreign policy actor in its own right, sparking the emergence of EU External Action Studies (EU EAS). Although this thriving field at the intersection of EU Studies and International Relations has gradually matured, the interaction of EU EAS with Foreign Policy Analysis (FPA) has so far remained limited. This contribution discusses whether concepts
-
Integrating Strategic Culture and the Operational Code in Foreign Policy Analysis Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2022-12-24 Joakim Eidenfalk, Fredrik Doeser
This article contributes to theoretical integration in foreign policy analysis, by integrating two explanatory concepts that have mainly been used separately, namely the strategic culture of elites and the operational code of individual decision-makers. The explanatory power of using both concepts is illustrated in a case study of Australian foreign policy regarding the multinational coalition against
-
US Military Deployments and the Risk of Coup d’État* Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2022-12-16 Michael A Allen, Thomas Campbell, Nicolas Hernandez, Valeryn Shepherd
The foundation of post–WWII US foreign policy is the deployment and maintenance of a vast network of overseas military deployments. While the external security implications of these deployments are better known, scholars have spent little time connecting deployments to the internal stability threat of a coup d’état. The deployment of service members overseas creates multiple pathways to decreasing
-
What Do Think Tanks Think? Proximity to Power and Foreign Policy Preferences Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2022-12-12 Richard Hanania, Max Abrahms
Through the use of survey methods, the study presents the first systematic comparison of America-based international relations professors to think tank employees (TTEs) in terms of their preferred conduct of the United States in international affairs. The difference between the two groups in their support for military intervention is stark. TTEs are 0.47 standard deviations more hawkish than professors
-
The Unintended Consequences of Arms Embargoes Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2022-12-10 Raymond C Kuo, Jennifer Spindel
To what extent do arms embargoes curtail the embargoed state's ability to get conventional weapons? We argue that arms embargoes rarely prevent states from receiving conventional weapons, and are one of the few events that push states to switch their supplier base. Using a new dataset on the place of origin of conventional weapons, we provide a more full and complete picture of the effects of arms
-
The Blame Game: Public Outcry and Terrorism within and Exported from the Sanctioned State Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2022-12-08 Nazli Avdan, Bryan R Early, Ryan Yu-Lin Liou, Amanda Murdie, Dursun Peksen
What effects do economic sanctions have on the volume of domestic terrorism within target states and transnational terrorism directed toward Americans by targeted nationals? In this article, we theorize that sanctions imposed by the United States increase the likelihood of domestic and transnational terrorism, but the suggested effect is conditioned by the freedom of expression in sanctioned states
-
Who Stands Up for the ICC? Explaining Variation in State Party Responses to US Sanctions Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2022-11-24 M P Broache, Kyle Reed
On September 2, 2020, the United States sanctioned two International Criminal Court (ICC) officials, under an executive order issued 3 months previously. In response, over two-thirds of ICC States Parties issued or joined public statements supporting the Court. Why did some ICC members condemn the sanctions or otherwise express support for the Court, while others did not? We begin by documenting variation
-
The Ruling Group Survival: Why Pakistan and Hungary Move Away from the US-led Order? Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2022-11-10 Ali Balcı, Furkan Halit Yolcu
Why do some smaller states signal to move away from the US-led liberal order? We look at the ruling group survival in smaller allies to answer this pressing puzzle. Despite accepting the merit of systemic explanations, we simply argue that the ruling groups in smaller states engage with revisionist powers in the international system to sustain and enhance their privileged positions in the domestic
-
Visceral Politics and Its Impact on US Foreign Policy Decision-Making Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2022-10-21 David Patrick Houghton, Alvaro Mendez
Growing understanding of the connections between the mind and the body, and of the ways in which interoception influences decision-making, may well revolutionize our understanding of how decisions are reached in foreign policy analysis, drawing attention to a phenomenon which has been termed “visceral politics.” Applying the somatic marker theory to an understanding of political decision-making, this
-
Ideology and the Red Button: How Ideology Shapes Nuclear Weapons’ Use Preferences in Europe Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2022-10-14 Michal Onderco, Tom W Etienne, Michal Smetana
Does partisan ideology influence whether Europeans are willing to use nuclear weapons, and if so, how? The US nuclear weapons stationed in Europe have been at the core of European security since the Cold War, but we have still yet to learn what would make Europeans be willing to support their use. In this paper, we present the results of a survey, in which we asked citizens in Germany and the Netherlands
-
“Women, Men, Boys, and Girls”: Analyzing the Implementation of Women, Peace, and Security in the United States Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2022-10-13 Alexis Henshaw
More than 20 years after the passage of UN Security Council Resolution 1325 (2000), the United States is still in the process of institutionalizing its strategy on Women, Peace, and Security (WPS). While the Women, Peace, and Security Act (2017) established a legal mandate by which federal agencies are obligated to demonstrate efforts to mainstream gender in foreign policy, timely implementation has
-
Facial Metrics, Aggression, and the Use of Military Force Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2022-10-13 Ross A Miller
Presidents cite many reasons to justify their decisions to use military force. Regardless of the explanation provided, putting soldiers in harm's way entails a high degree of risk. Some presidents are more willing than others to undertake risky policies, and psychological dispositions help to account for their willingness. According to evolutionary psychology theories of conflict, facial characteristics
-
Turf Wars in Foreign Policy Bureaucracy: Rivalry between the Government and the Bureaucracy in Turkish Foreign Policy Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2022-10-08 Berkay Gülen
This paper, using examples from Turkish foreign policy between 2002 and 2014, argues that the fragmentation in foreign policymaking due to adopting different foreign policy ideas, that is, ideas of the elected leadership and the bureaucracy, is likely to generate competition between the state agencies that constitute the foreign policy bureaucracy. If there is backlash in the bureaucracy to realize
-
Revolutionary Ideals and International Aggression Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2022-09-20 Matthew N Timmerman
This article assesses the international conflict propensity of leaders that come to power through revolutions. I argue that when revolutions result in the overthrow of governments perceived as enabling the interference of outside powers in internal affairs, the leaders that assume office afterward are especially inclined to provoke international conflict. I code these revolutions as “external” and
-
Britain's Trade Liberalization in the 1840s: A Defensive Neoclassical Realist Explanation Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2022-09-09 Mark R Brawley
In the 1840s, Britain engaged in a series of trade liberalizations, with important consequences for itself and the international system. Many have tried to explain the central piece, Repeal of the Corn Laws, using liberal arguments from international political economy. Few find these arguments persuasive. Applying defensive neoclassical realism, I demonstrate how fluctuations in external threats to
-
Role Change and Russia's Responses to Upheavals in Ukraine Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2022-07-28 Damian Strycharz
Russia reacted in markedly different ways to comparable upheavals in Ukraine: the Orange Revolution in 2004 and the Euromaidan Revolution in 2013/2014. This paper argues that a combination of important external and internal factors led to a change in Russia's dominant national role conceptions, which contributed to Moscow's more assertive foreign policy, exemplified by divergent reactions to these
-
Resolving Conflicting Emotions: Obama's Quandaries on the Red Line and the Fight against ISIS Foreign Policy Analysis (IF 1.7) Pub Date : 2022-07-28 Philippe Beauregard
The study of emotions in foreign policymaking has emphasized dominant discrete emotions and how they each lead to specific action tendencies. Scholars often focus on one emotion to explain decisions and have an additive view of emotions. This article argues that decision-makers often feel conflicting emotions and that emotions are not simply additive. What are conflicting emotions’ consequences for