Abstract Mono-dispersed nanometals could act as excellent cocatalysts. However, nanometals were apt to be oxidized and aggregated, and their activity was decreased. Herein, well-dispersed and small-sized Cu nanoparticles controlled by the mesoporous of TiO2 microspheres (TiO2 MS) were prepared. It was found that the Cu implanted into the hybrid (Cu–TiO2 MS) was mainly in the form of Cu0 with high dispersion

Abstract In this study, a new kind of magnetic vanadium-based catalyst was successfully prepared and employed to produce 2, 5-diformylfuran (DFF) in the liquid phase through selective oxidation of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfur (HMF) with air as oxidant. It was found that magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles supported NH4·V3O8 showed excellent catalytic performance with the achievement of 95.5% HMF

Abstract Iron molybdate/molybdenum oxide catalysts with varying content of Mo (Mo/Fe = 1.6 and 2.0) were synthesized by a mild hydrothermal method and structurally characterized by XRD, XPS, Raman spectroscopy, SEM–EDX, BET and ICP-OES. The stability of the prepared catalysts in selective oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde was investigated by catalytic activity measurements for up to 100 h on stream

Abstract Developing highly efficient heterogeneous catalysts for cycloaddition of CO2 and epoxides to produce cyclic carbonates is promising but challenging. In this work, a novel three-dimensional metal organic framework (MOF) with cylinder pore systems and unsaturated Zn sites has been demonstrated as potent candidate in CO2 fixation at mild and solvent-free conditions. The Zn(atz)(bdc)0.5, where

Abstract In this paper, the MgO–SiO2 catalyst was prepared with the deposition–precipitation method, which was used to catalyse the conversion of ethanol to 1,3-butadiene through a two-step process. The carbon deposition deactivation of the catalyst was mainly caused by that the carbon species occupied the acid-basic active sites on the catalyst surface. The carbon deposition mainly includes chain

Abstract FeI2(CO)3PPh3, which usually used as the precursor of [Fe]-hydrogenase, was firstly used as catalyst in one-step hydroxylation of phenol to dihydroxybenzenes. It was found that the reaction can be conducted smoothly in aqueous phase at ambient temperature (25 °C). In the optimum conditions, the conversion of phenol is 26.7% and selectivity of DHB is 80.0%. The possible mechanism was investigated

Abstract Metalporphyrin-based porous polymers supporting high dispersed Pd nanoparticle (NP) catalysts (HUST-1-Pd) were prepared with a novel solvent-knitting hyper-crosslinked polymer method using 5-, 10-, 15-, and 20-tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) as building blocks. The N2 sorption isotherms of the catalysts show that the HUST-1-Pd possesses many ultra-micropores and continuous mesopores. The NPs are

Abstract Generally, the sulfate (SO4·−) and hydroxyl (HO·) radicals are the dominant active species in most catalytic oxidation processes with peroxymonosulfate (PMS). However, the existence of various natural organic and inorganic matters in aquatic environments might influence the oxidation efficiency of these radicals, and/or form more toxic and refractory intermediates than the parent, especially

Abstract Two silica films -immobilized imidazolium-based ionic liquids (TMICl @silica films) were prepared, characterized and utilized as efficient catalysts for the benzoin reaction. Combined characterization results from FT-IR, elemental analysis, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms and SEM, suggested that the imidazolium-based ionic liquids were successfully immobilized on the silica films. Moreover

Abstract The key challenge for CO2 methanation, an eight-electron process under kinetic limitation, relies on the design of non-noble metal catalysts so as to achieve high activity at low reaction temperatures. In this work, four Ni-based catalysts with different supports were prepared and tested for CO2 methanation at 250–550 °C in a fixed bed quartz reactor and further characterized to reveal the

Abstract Iridium–nickel (Ir–Ni) film is of great interest for catalytic and corrosive environment applications. Ir–Ni thin films as an electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) were galvanostatically electrodeposited on copper (Cu) foam from an electrolyte containing 13.5 mM sodium hexabromoiridate(III) and 40.5 mM Ni sulphate hexahydrate, simultaneously compared with electrodeposited Ir

Abstract The silanol defects in ZSM-5 zeolite have been recognized as an important factor in catalytic activity. Here, ZSM-5 zeolites with different amounts of silanol defect sites were synthesized from synthetic gels containing fluoride medium and were applied as catalysts for trioxane synthesis. The results of XRD, SEM, NH3-TPD, Py-IR, OH-IR, 27Al MAS NMR, 1H MAS NMR, and TG indicated that all ZSM-5

Abstract Hierarchical Fe,Cu/ZSM-5 was prepared by post-synthesis treatment of nanocrystallite B–ZSM-5. The hierarchical MFI zeolites containing Fe and/or Cu were characterized with XRD, FT-IR, SEM, UV–Vis and N2-sorption techniques. UV–Vis and FT-IR spectroscopy demonstrated that some of the Fe and Cu cations were incorporated into the zeolite framework. Direct amination of benzene to aniline with

Abstract The effect of the polar head and the concentration of quaternary ammonium surfactants (C14EtOH, C14iPrOH, C14PrOH, where, 14 = carbon number iPrOH = iso-propanol, EtOH = ethanol, PrOH = propanol) in micellar catalysis for the cross-condensation reaction (Claisen–Schmidt) was investigated. The reaction in the Micellar-NaOH system with different concentrations of surfactants above the critical

Abstract In this paper, the kinetic of CO2 dry reforming with CH4 (DRM) over the Ni-Mg15@HC catalyst was studied after excluding the influence of internal and external mass transfer at 700–850 °C. At the same time, the partial pressures of CH4 and CO2 were varied from 10 to 50 kPa. The experimental results demonstrated that the reaction rate was sharply increased with the increase of CH4 partial pressure

Abstract This study presents the effective thermal design concept of exothermic Sabatier reactor, which shall convert carbon dioxide with hydrogen to produce water and methane (so-called “methanation”) assisted by the catalytic activity. Pellet type of Ru-based catalyst is packed in the preheated reactor tube and stoichiometric reactant gas mixture (CO2 and H2) flows at the prescribed flow rate. By

Abstract Pr-modified Fe–Mn/TiO2 (x Pr) catalysts with high activity and excellent SO2 resistance were prepared and used for the selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3 (NH3-SCR) at low-temperatures. Pr can inhibit FeOx and MnOx crystallization and stabilize the high valence states of Fe and Mn, maintaining the catalyst’s high activity and stability at low temperatures. Doping with Pr diminished

Abstract Acetylene chemical process, especially catalyzing acetylene acetoxylation for the synthesis of vinyl acetate (VAc), has attracted wide attention in coal-rich countries. Although great efforts have been made to prepare different catalysts to improve the VAc synthesis via acetylene acetoxylation, the acetic acid (HAc) conversion cannot achieve a satisfactory level, much lower than 60%. Herein

Abstract The aim of present study was to investigate the influence of oxygen percentage (1–80%), temperature (20 and 100 °C) and the addition of TiO2 catalyst on the production of ozone O3 and nitrous oxide N2O by DBD. The production efficiency of O3 increased with O2 percentage while the production efficiency of N2O had a maximum at approximately 20% of O2. The production of O3 slightly decreased

Abstract Photoexcited TiO2 dispersed in a de-aerated acetonitrile/2-propanol (CH3CN/2-PrOH) reaction mixture catalyzes the quick and selective reduction of 5-nitrosalicylic acid methyl ester to the corresponding aniline, an immediate precursor of the drug mesalazine. The transformation is selective also when the starting concentration of nitro compound is increased by orders of magnitude and occurs

Abstract Novel thiol functionalized xylose hydrochar microspheres supported palladium nanoparticles (C–SH–Pd) were synthesized by gentle heating of palladium (II) acetate and thiol functionalized xylose hydrochar (C–SH) in ethanol. The as-prepared C–SH–Pd exhibited high catalytic activity towards Suzuki reactions with a yield of high up to 100%. Moreover, it could be reused for at least five times

Abstract New recyclable monoaza-15-crown ethers have been synthesized starting from (R,R)-(+)- and (S,S)-(−)-hydrobenzoin. These macrocycles proved to be efficient and reusable phase transfer catalysts in a few asymmetric reactions under mild conditions. The asymmetric epoxidation of trans-chalcone took place with up to 81% ee, while using other chalcone derivatives, the products were formed with 68–88%

Abstract Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of m-cresol using H2 produced by dehydrogenation of n-hexane to hexenes is demonstrated at 673 K over a Pt-WOx/C catalyst at 36 bar. The reaction is possible because deactivation of Pt/C during n-hexane dehydrogenation is greatly suppressed at higher pressures. Flow-reactor measurements of pure n-hexane over Pt/C showed rapid deactivation at 1 bar and 773 K but the

Abstract A new method to prepare Cu/ZrO2 catalysts by reducing CuO/ZrO2 with hydrazine hydrate is reported, and the prepared catalysts were used to synthesize disodium iminodiacetate by diethanolamine dehydrogenation. Hydrazine hydrate can rapidly reduce the CuO/ZrO2 precursor powder in an alkaline environment at a moderate temperature. The ratio of Cu0/Cu+ at the Cu/ZrO2 surface was controlled by

Abstract Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 with H2O is a fascinating approach to convert CO2 into available fuels using solar energy as driven force. However, it still suffers from low efficiency owing to the instinct stability of CO2. In this work, a hybrid photocatalyst of rutile TiO2 nanorods supported on MgAl layered double oxides (TiO2/MgAl-LDO) were designed and facilely fabricated via an in situ

Abstract Ordered mesoporous carbon based catalyst (MCC catalyst) derived from microalgal waste biomass was prepared through condensation and hydrothermal post-treatment process at 90 °C and 120 °C, respectively. Biochar obtained from pyrolysis of the waste was sulfonated in concentrated H2SO4 solution at 150 °C for 15 h to introduce sulfonic groups to the biochar’s structure consisting of condensed

Abstract Propylene epoxidation by oxygen over Cu-based catalysts is a most ideal and economical process. The unsupported CuOx nanoparticles were synthesized by liquid phase reduction method. The crystalline phase and size of CuOx nanoparticles were characterized by XRD and TEM, respectively. The catalytic performances of CuOx with different pretreatment temperatures and atmospheres were also investigated

Abstract Silica-supported hafinum phosphide (HfP/SiO2) was prepared and applied as an effective solid acid catalyst to drive furfural production from xylan. Various characterizations were employed to analyze the intrinsic properties of the HfP/SiO2 catalyst, and the effects of process parameters on its performance were investigated in detail. The results showed that the performance of the HfP/SiO2

Abstract Present work is focused on development of methodology involving utilization of cost effective, highly effective heterogeneous catalyst prepared from wood ash for carbonyl exchange reaction between long chain alcohols and diethyl carbonate to produce long-chain dialkyl carbonates. Whereas long-chain dialkyl carbonates are being explored as value added compounds as they are environmentally safe

Abstract The Cu-based perovskite shows good methanol selectivity but low CO2 conversion in CO2 hydrogenation to methanol. After treated by NaBH4 liquid reduction, perovskite LaCuZn sample (l-LCZ) is reduced partially, particle size becomes smaller and BET surface area increases. This sample (l-LCZ) was tested for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol direct without H2 reduction, and the catalytic activity

Abstract N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) is a promising catalyst in aerobic oxidation of hydrocarbons to corresponding hydroperoxides. We have found that a trace amount of Fe(benz)3 or Fe(acac)3 (in concentration of less than 10−1 mmol/l and with the ratio of Fe(III): NHPI = 1:500) considerably accelerates the oxidation of cyclohexene and ethylbenzene, while retaining the selectivity to hydroperoxides

Abstract A magnetic nanocomposite of GO-Fe3O4@CuO was fabricated via a simple sonochemical technique and successfully utilized for the ultrasound promoted synthesis of regioselective 1,4-disubstituted mono/bis/tris-1,2,3-triazoles (3a–k). This catalyst could be separated conveniently from the reaction mixture using an external magnet and reused up to eight consecutive runs without noticeable drop in

Abstract In this study, Fe3O4@LDH@cysteine–Cu(I) nanoparticles as a novel and recyclable catalytic system was designed and successfully synthesized. These nanoparticles show high catalytic activity for preparation of the triazole family through reaction of the organic halides with alkynes in the presence of choline azide as reagent and reaction medium. In addition, Fe3O4@LDH@cysteine–Cu(I) could be

Abstract We examined the synthetic and catalytic claims that immobilization of an Fe-PNP pincer complex (1) on an amine-modified graphene oxide support yields a useful heterogeneous catalyst for the Suzuki biaryl cross-coupling reaction. Complex 1 is not formed under the reported conditions, rather the iron sulfate heptahydrate starting material (melanterite) undergoes partial dehydration to give iron

Abstract In the present study, copper complex supported on surface-modified Fe3O4/SiO2 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@SiO2–Glycerole–Cu(II)) was successfully fabricated and characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray mapping, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), inductively

Abstract Catalytic oxidation of CO into CO2 using copper–manganese–cerium (Cu–Mn–Ce) ternary oxides pellets represents a promising strategy for CO abatement. In this work, Cu–Mn–Ce ternary oxides catalyst pellets were prepared with different precursors by combining the wet-mixing-kneading and extrusion-spheronization methods. Physicochemical properties of the catalyst pellets were characterized by

Abstract In this work, AgInS2 photoelectrodes doped with Ga element and deposited Co–Pi co–catalyst have been prepared on FTO substrates by hydrothermal and electrochemical deposition methods. In photoelectrochemical (PEC) measurements, the photocurrent density of AgInS2/Ga5%/Co–Pi photoelectrodes (2.18 mA/cm2 at 1.2 V vs. RHE) is about 3.25 times higher than that of pure AgInS2 photoelectrodes (0

Abstract A series of poly(ionic liquid)s-supported N-heterocyclic carbene silver complexes (Poly(NHC-Ag/IL)s), poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) and poly(N-heterocyclic carbene silver complexes) (Poly(NHC-Ag)s) were prepared through radical co-polymerization of N-vinylimidazolium ionic liquids, NHC-Ag monomers and divinylbenzene, respectively. These polymers were applied to catalyze the cycloaddition reaction

Abstract Ag-loaded TiO2 photocatalysts prepared by photodeposition method in an argon atmosphere exhibited highly selective photocatalytic activity for CO2 reduction with water to produce CO, while the sample prepared under an air atmosphere predominantly promoted water splitting. Graphic Abstract

Abstract Brӧnsted acidic poly ionic liquid (PIL-M) was successfully prepared by free-radical polymerization. The surface area of the heterogeneous catalyst was 301.1 m2/g. The result of thermogravimetric (TG) proved that PIL-M had good thermal stability (decompose at 410 °C). The optimal reaction condition was as follows: 6 wt% catalyst amount, reaction temperature 80 °C, the ratio of methanol to oleic

Abstract Infrared spectra of dealuminated high silica MFI zeolites were measured to elucidate the structure of silanol groups active for conversion of 1-butene to propene. The OH groups were replaced by OD groups to have clear vibrational spectra. Two sharp bands and one broad band were observed; isolated silanol at 2746 cm−1, terminal silanol at 2725 cm−1, and hydrogen-bonded silanols centered at

Abstract We report for the first time 100% benzyl alcohol yield from the liquid phase (T = 353 K, P = 9 bar) hydrogenation of benzaldehyde over Au/Al2O3. Under the same reaction conditions, a benchmark Pt/Al2O3 catalyst promoted the formation of toluene and benzene as hydrogenolysis by-products. Reaction kinetics was subjected to a Hammett treatment and the reaction constant (ρ = 0.9) was found to

Abstract In the current study, the isomerization of geraniol over a natural sepiolite as a catalyst was investigated and optimized. Prior to application in the isomerization process, the physical and chemical properties of sepiolite were characterized using a battery of instrumental techniques, including XRD, nitrogen adsorption at 77 K, SEM, EDXRF, UV–Vis and FT-IR. Results indicated that geraniol

Abstract La-doped Bi2O3 were prepared via a simple sol–gel method following a facile low temperature calcination process, and citric acid as an organic complexing agent. La3+ doping could not only create oxygen vacanices (OVs) on the surface of Bi2O3, but also as the efficient scavenger to capture photogenerated electrons. The novel x% La–Bi2O3 photocatalysts exhibited oxidation capacities for degrading

Abstract Fe–Mn/γ-Al2O3 catalysts that prepared by the wet-impregnation method were used to degrade toluene, a VOCs model compound. The results indicated that the 10Fe–15Mn/γ-Al2O3 exhibited 95% of toluene conversion as well as 95% of CO2 yield at 300 °C. The Fe–Mn/γ-Al2O3 showed a better toluene oxidation activity with respect to the Fe/γ-Al2O3 and Mn/γ-Al2O3. The introduction of Fe into the Mn/γ-Al2O3

Abstract Crystalline hybrid catalysts based on molybdenum or tungsten oxide and aliphatic diamines were synthesized via simple, eco-friendly reproducible methodologies, starting from commercially available and relatively inexpensive organic and inorganic precursors, and using water as solvent under mild conditions. The crystal structures of the obtained fine powdered solids were solved ab initio from

Abstract Ethanol is an alternative for producing petrochemicals, especially propylene and aromatics (benzene, toluene, and xylenes). To understand ethanol processing routes into olefins and aromatics, it is interesting to use ethylene that is the major primary product of ethanol reaction into hydrocarbons and the intermediate for the formation of olefins and aromatics. In this work, the influence of

Abstract Palladium nanoparticles (NP) immobilized on metal scavengers (Smopex®-234, Smopex®-111, PVPy, 1% w/w) have been tested in the acyl Sonogashira reactions between terminal acetylenes and acid chlorides. Pd/PVPy resulted especially effective in the synthesis of alkynyl ketones with different stereoelectronic properties, even working with a very low amount of palladium (0.2 mol%). Preliminary

Abstract A chirality inducer was prepared by graphite oxide (GO) functionalization with enantiopure l-tartrate (GO*) and used as asymmetric support for a covalently-linked manganese porphyrine complex [Mn(TPyP)OAc]. The thereby obtained heterogeneous catalyst, GO*-[Mn(TPyP)OAc], showed excellent performance and ee-values of 92–99% for the asymmetric epoxidation of prochiral olefins with O2 as oxidant

Abstract Here, a simple dipping coating route was applied to synthesize a series of CoMoSx/NiMoSx chalcogel thin film which in situ grown uniformly on the 3D skeleton of Ni foam as electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). We attempt to understand the effect of pH on the kinetics of the HER. As expected, CoMoSx@Ni foam electrocatalyst presents a low overpotential of 118 mV at 10 mA cm−2

Abstract The use of ligands to adjust the catalytic activity of the catalyst for esterification of amides is challenge in organic chemistry. In this paper, Nickel(II)-NHC-catalyzed the esterification reaction between N,N-di-Boc amide and alcohols at room temperature have been demonstrated. The imidazolium salt bearing a hydroxyl functionalized side arm showed high effective catalytic activity in the

Abstract When acrylic acid (AA) is synthesized from acetylene carbonylation using supported nickel as a heterogeneous catalyst, it is important to select a suitable carrier material. Accordingly, we prepared a series of nickel-loaded catalysts using treated expanded two-dimensional layered vermiculite (2D-VT), NaY, HY, MCM-41, and talcum powder (TP) as carriers. As a result, it was found that the calcined

Abstract In the current research, second most abundant renewable polysaccharide chitin is utilized for meaningful purpose. Owing to auspicious features of chitin it is used as a matrix for immobilization of valuable biocatalyst dextranase. Dextranase belongs to hydrolase family and has broad commercial application in different fields. Functionality of dextranase is further improve with the help of

Abstract Highly dispersed silica-supported CuOx/SiO2 catalysts were synthesized via solution-phase deposition and studied for their activity, selectivity, and stability in catalyzing the selective oxidation of propylene to acrolein. Strategies for ensuring high metal dispersion included controlling the surface density of silanols (via covalent silanol-capping) or by pre-installing different “promoter”

Abstract The physicochemical and catalytic properties of magnesium-containing zeolite catalysts based on MFI-type zeolites (ZSM-5 and CBV) were compared. The presence of larger mesopores volume in MgCBV was found to decrease selectivity towards light olefins. In order to improve the catalytic properties of MgCBV, the effect of SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratio of CBV (SiO2/Al2O3 = 30, 55, 80 and 300) on its physicochemical

Abstract CdS semiconductor is an excellent photo-catalyst for water-splitting to produce hydrogen. In this study, a binary photo-catalyst Ni3Se4@CdS enhancing hydrogen evolution activity under visible light irradiation was successfully synthesized and their photo-catalytic performance was investigated in detail by a series of characterization technologies. Ni3Se4@CdS sample reveals the higher hydrogen

Abstract The catalytic CO oxidation reaction on stepped Rh surfaces in the 10−6 mbar pressure range was studied in situ on individual μm-sized high-Miller-index domains of a polycrystalline Rh foil and on nm-sized facets of a Rh tip, employing photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM) and field-ion/field-emission microscopy (FIM/FEM), respectively. Such approach permits a direct comparison of the reaction

Abstract Fe3O4@Cu/C and Fe3O4@CuO composites were achieved using nanoparticle-encapsulated MOFs Fe3O4@HKUST-1 as both a precursor and a self-sacrificing template. Fe3O4@HKUST-1 was thermally converted into magnetic Fe3O4@Cu/C and Fe3O4@CuO composites in different atmosphere (N2 and air). The resulting composites not only kept superparamagnetic characteristics, but also exhibited improved peroxidase-like

Abstract A comparative study of the activation of n-hexane over 12-molybdophopshoric acid (H3PMo12O40 or HPA), Fe3+ doped HPA (Fe0.69H0.93PMo12O40) and an iron phosphate catalyst (P/Fe = 1.22) was carried out. The Fe doped HPA catalyst is thermally more stable and less acidic than the unmodified HPA catalyst. The HPA and the Fe doped HPA catalysts both catalytically produced 2,5-dimethyltetrahydrofuran

Abstract Catalyzed thermal decomposition of methane to produce hydrogen was studied. The carbon microfibers with embedded Ni, Cu and Co metals and metal phosphides were introduced as the novel catalysts. The catalysts were prepared by needle-less electrospinning being a versatile method for fibers production in large scale. The efficiency of methane decomposition by utilization of micro fiber carbon