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A novel nonlinear model describing the passive intermodulation (PIM) behavior in coaxial connectors is developed based on sine function. Two types of coaxial connectors are selected as test samples, and a series of two-tone PIM tests are conducted. The coefficients of the sine function model for these connectors are obtained by fitting the test results using ordinary least squares (OLS) method. The

In this letter, the homotopy continuation (HC) approach for a problem of coupling matrix (CM) extraction is presented. HC method is used to solve the system of polynomial equations that are formulated by comparing polynomial coefficients of given filter scattering parameters ${S_{11}}$ and ${S_{21}}$ and those being described based on well-known relations between scattering parameters and CM. HC requires

Two types of planar baluns have been proposed in this letter. Coupled line sections are used for balanced responses as well as impedance match to avoid large coupling coefficient. Due to asymmetric topologies, performances are obtained by calculating S-parameters directly while simpler even–odd mode analysis is also feasible with an introduced virtual port. For validation, two prototypes are fabricated

A coaxial control technique is proposed for iteration synthesis of axis-perturbed mode converter, and a W-band TE 01 -to-TE 11 mode converter is designed by the improved iteration method. Optimizing the curvature instead of the axis, the iteration method has a fast convergence and a possibility of multifrequency design but cannot assure that the output port aligns with the input port. A cosine correction

In this letter, the design of a $C$ -band high-efficiency power amplifier (PA) with a compact harmonic control network (HCN) is presented. Based on the device model, the optimal fundamental and second harmonic load impedance was obtained by load-pull simulation. Then a simply fundamental matching network (FMN) is realized using the simplified real frequency technique (SRFT). To improve efficiency,

A triple-mode voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) with a wide tuning range (TR) is demonstrated experimentally by using standard 0.18- $\mu \text{m}$ CMOS process, with a wide 38.8% frequency TR from 19.93 to 29.52 GHz, a low phase noise of −122.3 dBc/Hz ± 7.8 dBc/Hz at 10-MHz offset frequencies, and an excellent figure of merit (FoM) with TR (FoM T ) of −190.3 dBc/Hz. This VCO was realized by a switched-tunable

This letter presents an active feedback microwave sensor with a wide dynamic range and high sensitivity for detecting angular displacement. The sensor comprises two types of movable ring resonators (the rotor), split-ring resonator (SRR) and complement SRR (CSRR), and a modified convex-shaped open complementary split-ring resonator (the stator). The stator is designed with an active circuitry to enhance

This letter presents, for the first time, a new filter-enhanced linearity measurement technique using a dual-band and dual-mode filter. While traditional two-tone linearity tests are simple and effective, their ultimate performance is determined by the quality (dynamic range and noise floor) and cost of the employed equipment. On the other hand, the proposed method consists of a simple conventional

In this letter, we propose a solution to improve efficiency and selectivity of triplexers, which operate as filters (or matching circuits) for triple-band energy harvesting. The triplexer consists of multiple higher-order open stubs of $(2n+1)\lambda /4$ length ( $n$ is an integer, $n \geq 1$ ), which is proven to yield high selectivity. With the high selectivity of the filters, the proposed triplexer

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We describe a $2\times 6$ bit Cartesian RF in-phase and quadrature (IQ)-modulator, implemented on 0.15 mm 2 in 22-mm fully-depleted silicon-on-insulator (FDSOI) CMOS technology. Measurements show a 3-dB bandwidth of 17–24-GHz and saturated output power of 10.4 dBm with a peak drain efficiency of 15.6%. The IQ-modulator has been verified up to 8 GS/s. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest-frequency

A 7.8–9.8-GHz low-loss high- $T_{c}$ superconducting (HTS) image-reject Josephson junction mixer is presented in this letter. Image rejection is achieved using low-loss image rejection filters and a pair of parallel dual-mode resonators. Three cascaded Josephson junctions are monolithically integrated with impedance matching networks and bandpass/low-pass filters on a single chip for low loss and compactness

This letter presents a fully integrated wideband, ultralow average noise figure (NF), low power consumption, compact, and electrostatic discharge protected 6.7–15.3-GHz low-noise amplifier (LNA). A peak-gain distribution technique with a large transistor and two-stage broadband noise matching technique are proposed. For verification, a two-stage common source LNA is implemented in a 65-nm bulk complementary

This letter presents a second-order and a third-order $W$ -band bandpass filter (BPF) based on rectangular microcoaxial structures. Rectangular microcoaxial line has the advantages of low dielectric and radiation loss, small size, and easy integration, which is conducive to the design of passive devices. The resonant unit based on rectangular microcoaxial structure consists of a metal cavity, a rectangular

Digital predistortion (DPD) is used to compensate for the distortion of power amplifiers (PAs). Inspired by the physical structure of the PA circuit, a feedback structure in the DPD model is favored. In this letter, we proposed an infinite impulse response (IIR) model for PA modeling and linearization, by modifying a generalized memory polynomial (GMP) model. We also propose an iterative identification

This work presents the design of a 24-GHz digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) in an advanced 28-nm bulk CMOS technology for short-range frequency-modulated continuous-wave radar system-on-chip for mobile and Internet-of-Things devices. The power minimization is therefore the primary focus. The oscillator consumes a record low power of 1.2 mW at a 0.65-V supply voltage. It achieves a very large frequency

This letter presents a dual-polarization beamformer chip for fifth-generation (5G) applications. The chip leverages a vector-sum phase shifter (VSPS) approach and single-ended design, allowing a reduced control circuitry complexity. The use of the VSPS translates in both phase shift and gain control, as shown in the system analysis. This beamformer is suitable for four dual-polarized antennas, achieving

This letter presents a K-band compact Wilkinson power divider/combiner (WPDC) with 50-dB configurable isolation in 65-nm CMOS. The WPDC is implemented by LC -based spiral transmission lines (LCSTLs), switched capacitors, and a DAC with a core area of 0.09 mm 2 . The measured insertion loss was 2.5 dB with 0.2 dB fluctuation in the passband. The measured amplitude and phase error are within 0.2 dB and

This letter presents a 230-GHz high-gain amplifier implemented in a 0.13- $\mu \text{m}$ SiGe BiCMOS technology. The amplifier consists of a single-ended cascode (CC) stage for noise optimization and two differential CC stages for power capacity consideration. A symmetrical peripheral interconnection with self-shielded bypass capacitors for gm-boosting technique realization is employed to overcome

A medium-power, highly-efficient broadband linear power amplifier (PA) is designed in a 40-nm GaN technology that covers the key 5G FR2 band of 24–40 GHz. Load-pull simulations suggest better device broadband performance and peak power-added-efficiency (PAE) around $V_{\text {DD}} =4$ –6 V. Measurement data corroborates the simulations and this PA achieves a small-signal 3-dB bandwidth (BW) of 18.0–40

A $V$ -band CMOS frequency tripler with efficient input–output, and interstage matching networks is proposed to improve the output power and conversion efficiency. The interstage matching network, located between a tripler-core and a buffer amplifier, simultaneously performs the impedance matching of a desired third harmonic signal and the filtering of unwanted fundamental and even harmonic signals

This letter reports a new RF MEMS power sensor based on double-deck thermocouples with high sensitivity and a large dynamic range. In order to improve RF sensing capability and sensitivity, the double-deck thermocouples and a MEMS substrate membrane are carefully designed. The proposed RF MEMS power sensor is fabricated by GaAs monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) process coupled with MEMS

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This work presents the design and analysis of a novel dual-wideband bandpass filter (BPF) using the transversal filtering section (TFS), coupled lines (CLs), and stepped impedance stubs (SISs). Initially, a dual-band BPF employing TFS and CLs is designed. To enhance the bandwidth and selectivity, SIS units and quarter wavelength transmission lines are attached at the input and output ports. This novel

We propose a hybrid guided structure consisting of a rectangular waveguide loaded with channel-shaped and its complementary wedge-shaped metallic pillars that supports spoof plasmonic guided modes. The complementary structure is used in order to gain better control over tuning of the asymptotic frequency in the spoof plasmonic waveguide. As a proof of concept, a tunable microwave bandpass filter based

Based on the hybrid microstrip and substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) technologies, a compact filter with wide-stopband characteristics is presented in this letter. Two microstrip-based uniform impedance resonators (UIRs) are etched between two SIW cavities, which not only resonate to generate transmission poles, but also constitute coupling-null structures to prevent the propagation of TE 102 mode

This letter reports on a new type of miniaturized RF co-designed bandpass filter/circulator (BPFC). Miniaturization is achieved by: 1) capacitively loading a multi-mode ferrite-based disk resonator; 2) combining the function of an RF circulator and a bandpass filter (BPF) within the volume of a single microwave component; and 3) by tuning its transfer function. The proposed BPFC exhibits a quasi-elliptic

In this letter, a new technique to design wideband bandpass filters (BPFs) is proposed. It is based on the classical filter topology formed by shunt short-circuited stubs connected by transmission lines, where the $\lambda /4$ connecting lines are replaced by $\lambda /2$ lines. In this way, the connecting lines have a double functionality: to control the coupling between resonators and to add additional

A compact broadband phase shifter based on the half-mode substrate-integrated waveguide (HMSIW) is proposed in this letter. By etching interdigital capacitor or adding blind holes and patches into the HMSIW, the width of the HMSIW can be reduced. Moreover, based on the complementary phase responses of series capacitance and shunt capacitance loading on the HMSIW, a broadband phase shifter is designed

This letter presents a compact output combining network for a packaged integrated asymmetric Doherty power amplifier (DPA) by taking advantage of device drain source capacitance, Cds and package parasitic components. A new method is introduced to/of/for absorbing part of the peaking amplifier’s $C_{\mathrm{ ds}}$ into the impedance transformer, thus extending the $C$ – $L$ – $C$ -based “ $C_{\mathrm{

A high-power subterahertz (THz) push–push oscillator topology is proposed. Adopting Hartley oscillator topology with transformer as its resonator, the proposed oscillator reduces the effective parasitic capacitance of transistors; therefore, a larger size transistor can be adopted, which increases the output power while still maintaining the same oscillation frequency. The adoption of the transformer

In this letter, a 38–40 GHz high-speed IQ modulator using sub-harmonically injection-locked quadrature frequency-locked loop (FLL) is proposed. The IQ modulator consists of a quadrature FLL and four reflection-type modulators and it is implemented in a 90-nm complimentary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) process. With a sub-harmonic number of four, the proposed modulator features a locking range wider

In this letter, a compact broadband high-efficiency microwave rectifier is presented for powering implantable medical devices located deeply in the human body. By utilizing a modified real frequency technique and an RF step-up transformer at the input matching network, the proposed rectifier has a measured conversion efficiency ( $\eta $ ) exceeding 50% over a 62% fractional bandwidth from 900 to 1700

The behavior model based on the artificial neural network has been widely used in the broadband power amplifier (PA). Although the deep neural network (DNN) performs well in the PA modeling with high-dimensional inputs, the training time of the DNN model is still long. This letter proposes a PA modeling method based on transfer learning to reduce training time without sacrificing modeling performance

This letter presents an efficient dual-band rectifier using stepped impedance stub matching circuit. Theoretical analysis of the dual-band impedance matching circuit comprising a stepped impedance stub is carried out, which plays a key role in designing the resultant dual-band rectifier. The proposed dual-band matching circuit can achieve wide frequency ratio which is analyzed and predicted by simulation

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This work presents a very compact self-biasing dynamic startup circuit for class-C voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs). Using a referenceless nonlinear inverting stage, the solution has been implemented in a 28-nm CMOS technology 14-GHz oscillator, leading to a VCO startup time better than 20 ns, at par with the fastest startup circuits in literature, with an extremely compact area of 0.003 mm 2

In The above letter [1] , the authors regret to notify the readers of IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters about a trivial error.

This letter reports a 2-D scalable coupled harmonic oscillator array achieving coherent spatial power combining at about 500 GHz. This design is implemented using on-chip microstrip lines and microstrip antennas by which the lossy silicon substrate is shielded and, therefore, front side radiation could be obtained. Compared with previously reported scalable array designs, this work not only achieves

This letter presents a practical solution to realize finite frequency transmission zeros with independent location for wideband evanescent-mode filters. The method consists of using offline resonators located at the input and/or output of the filter. In contrast with the extracted-pole technique commonly employed for narrowband filters to generate a pole-zero pair, each offline resonator is used here

In order to test and verify radar-based systems for advanced driver assistance systems, radar target simulators offer a test environment for reproducible dynamic automotive scenarios. This article presents a system capable of generating multiple targets with individual ranges and velocities for chirp-sequence frequency modulated continuous waveform radars. The novel approach allows to generate targets

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This Inaugural Special Issue of IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters (MWCL) includes 51 papers from the 2021 IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society (MTT-S) International Microwave Symposium (IMS), Atlanta, USA, GA, June 7–10, 2021.

This work introduces a multilayered organic package with embedded antennas that enables the integration of a scalable wideband phased array module supporting the n257, n258, and n261 5G frequency bands (24.25–29.5 GHz). The package comprises: 1) an $8\times 8$ array of dual-polarized antenna elements with 5.1-mm spacing; 2) RF, intermediate frequency (IF), dc, and digital interconnects to support radio-frequency

Prospective authors are requested to submit new, unpublished manuscripts for inclusion in the upcoming event described in this call for papers.

Prospective authors are requested to submit new, unpublished manuscripts for inclusion in the upcoming event described in this call for papers.

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A precise-integration time-domain (PITD) method with a thresholding scheme is proposed to reduce the computation cost of the matrix exponential for solving electromagnetic (EM) problems. The finiteness of EM wave speed is used to analyze the structure of the matrix exponential, revealing that the dense matrix exponential can become sparse. A thresholding scheme for eliminating tiny and thus unimportant

The design of an additively manufactured circular waveguide 3-dB hybrid directional coupler is proposed and demonstrated. Asymmetric corner radius perturbations at the in-plane orthogonal junction of the four waveguides along with curvilinear inductive posts designed to interact with the TE 11 mode of the circular waveguide are used to facilitate directivity and isolation. Capacitive waveguide perturbations

In this letter, a novel variable power divider, which provides wide-range variable power division, is proposed. The proposed power divider consists of a magic-T, variable phase shifter, and 90° delay line. The operating principle of the proposed circuit is theoretically discussed, and a 5-GHz band prototype using a planar magic-T is designed and experimentally evaluated. The measured power division