This study aims at analysing the performance of the European Radiological Data Exchange Platform (EURDEP) at identifying, delineating, and tracking different radioactivity clouds moving across a territory. To this purpose, the atmospheric dispersion of 21 hypothetical STs, calculated by the Modular Accident Analysis Program (MAAP) code, has been simulated under the same meteorological scenario by the

The filing and granting of patents, not to mention their litigation, are key to global economic development through encouraging and protecting entrepreneurial and inventive economic activity. However, surprisingly little investigation has been conducted of the filing of patents in the nuclear fusion industry in recent years, and even less of the patent filing activity of nuclear fusion's private sector

In the road-map for a fully operational ITER Neutral Beam Injector (NBI), SPIDER represents a necessary step to test its negative ion source design since the required performances have never been achieved simultaneously by any previous experiment. The smaller scale of SPIDER to the full ITER NBI prototype (named MITICA, which will operate in the same test facility in Padova) allows more flexibility

Using the AdS/CFT correspondence, we study the effect of back reaction on the holographic Schwinger effect by performing the potential analysis. The back reaction discussed here arises from the presence of static heavy quarks uniformly distributed over N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills (SYM) plasma. The results show that the inclusion of back reaction decreases the potential barrier thus enhancing the

From γ-γ-γ and γ-γ-γ-γ coincidence studies of spontaneous fission of 252Cf, new high spin states in 148Ce were identified. The octupole bands with s=+1 and s=−1 are expanded with spins with 28+ and 18−, respectively. Importantly, a 1γ vibrational band has been established up to 14+ and a 1β vibrational band up to 6+. The levels in γ and β bands in 148Ce are compared systematically to those in neighboring

The exclusive decays of the Higgs boson to BcBc and Bc⁎Bc⁎ pairs are studied. The hard parts of the decay amplitudes are estimated within the perturbative Standard Model up to one-loop corrections. The soft fusion of heavy quarks to the quarkonium is described in framework of the relativistic quark model.

Our study consists of investigations of nuclear ground state properties and weak transition rates of even-even waiting point nuclei. The calculation was performed for N=50 and N=82 nuclei. The Relativistic Mean Field (RMF) model was used to explore the nuclear ground state properties of selected nuclei. The proton-neutron quasi particle random phase (pn-QRPA) model was used for the computation of allowed

The shaping and focusing of a Ne7+ ion beam by transmission through an array of nanocapillaries of rectangular cross section in mica is studied both by experiments and simulations. The transmitted angular profiles of the beam are measured as they develop with charging-up the rectangular capillaries by ion impact and compared with rhombic capillaries of different parameters in mica. Thereby it is found

The objective of this paper is to assess the applicability of three Deterministic Sampling (DS) methods (namely DS-Standard, DS-Simplex and DS-Hadamard) for uncertainty quantification of manufacturing tolerances for global safety parameters, such as the multiplicative factor (keff), and local quantities, such as the fission rate. More specifically, the IPEN/MB-01 research reactor (from LWR-RESR benchmark)

Abstract Although plasma-facing components composed of tungsten are less likely to generate dust when compared to other materials, dust generation is still possible during severe transient phenomena in fusion devices. The generation of tungsten dusts was experimentally investigated by exposing tungsten targets to a transient heat flux factor (FHF) simulated by a high-energy pulsed laser so that the

Abstract Helium bubble growth and coalescence in the slip plane as well as the influence on substrate were studied using the molecular dynamics method. In the slip plane, the helium bubbles grow first along the slip plane and then grow toward the side which is short one atomic layer in the form of a hexagonal structure at low temperature. The growth rates of helium bubbles are related to the addition

Abstract The oxygen concentration in the glow discharge polymer (GDP) capsule is one of the perturbations that most limit implosion quality. In order to investigate the feasibility of the Rutherford backscattering (RBS) technique for characterizing the oxygen concentration in a GDP capsule, the basic principle of RBS and the experimental conditions are introduced first. Then, the irradiation damage

Abstract In indirect-drive inertial confinement fusion, thin films on laser entrance hole (LEH) windows are needed to reflect thermal infrared radiation (IR) and to protect the deuterium-tritium (D-T) cryogenic shell. In this paper, a set of ultrathin aluminum films deposited on freestanding polyimide as LEH windows were studied on optical properties in the IR band. The influences of thickness and

Abstract To design the alternating current operation of the J-text tokamak, this paper studies the plasma equilibrium during the plasma toroidal current reversing. First, four alternative current reversal equilibrium configurations with circular cross section when the total toroidal current becomes zero were constructed. Then, the profile of the plasma current was used as the input of a fixed boundary

Abstract The evaluation of electromagnetic (EM) loads acting on conductive structures is one of the critical problems for tokamaks. This paper focuses on the main conductive components of the Chinese Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR), which are vacuum vessel (VV) and blanket components. A multiscenario EM load-calculating simulator is developed. The simulator adopts circuit equations for the

Abstract The replacement of the burning of fossil fuels in power plants with other forms of clean energy, for example, that of a tokamak fusion reactor employing the deuterium-tritium cycle, like ITER, would contribute enormously to the mitigation of climate change. Unfortunately, for such a type of fusion reactor, we expect the neutrons, which carry 80% of the fusion power with energies seven times

Abstract In this paper we perform nuclear data uncertain propagation with Total Monte Carlo, where the transport simulation is repeated for random evaluations of the data. The Oktavian Iron, Oktavian Nickel, and the Frascati Neutron Generator (FNG) neutron streaming SINBAD benchmarks were evaluated with OpenMC. Gaussian random deviates were drawn from the ENDF/B-VII.1 and TENDL-2017 libraries where

Results of calculations describing secondary-electron production and other inelastic processes in collisions of 1 to 25,000 keV/u Sq+ (q=−1–16) with H2 are presented. These data complement previous results for the same processes in Oq+ (q=−1–8) + H2 (Schultz et al. 2017, 2019) and for Hq+ (q=−1,0,1) (Schultz et al. 2020). Used in ion-transport and secondary-electron simulations, these data provide

The high-temperature gas-cooled reactor pebble-bed module project is the first commercial Generation-IV NPP(Nuclear Power Plant) in China. A new joint is used for the vertical support of RPV(Reactor Pressure Vessel). The steel corbel is integrally embedded into the reactor-cabin wall through eight asymmetrically arranged pre-stressed high-strength bolts, achieving the different path transmission of

In 1993 the University of Extremadura initiated the design, construction and management of the Radiological Alert Network of Extremadura (RAREx). The goal was to acquire reliable near-real-time information on the environmental radiological status in the surroundings of the Almaraz Nuclear Power Plant by measuring, mainly, the ambient dose equivalent. However, the phased development of this network

When damaged core materials are relocated to the reactor lower head with penetrations during a severe accident, the loss integrity of the reactor pressure vessel caused by ejection of a penetration tube will occur earlier than the global failure of the reactor lower head. The overall aim of this study is to review and improve the previous contact pressure evaluation models. In this part of the study

The prevailing state of knowledge of two-phase flow in complex systems, as in the nuclear field, usually leads a certain degree of ad hoc calibration of computational models and the consequent inevitable subjectivity in analyses and assessments. The UPC-ANT Uncertainty Analysis methodology for code assessment attempts to maintain scientifically desired features of models and analyses, by crediting

The US NRC system code TRACE has been modified at PSI for application to liquid- metal-cooled reactor. An unprotected loss-of-flow-without-scram test performed at the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF) provides an opportunity to enhance the validation base of TRACE to transient analysis for sodium-cooled fast reactor (SFR). The FFTF primary system model was created with TRACE and initial core flow distribution

Organized by the European Radiation Dosimetry Group (EURADOS), a Monte Carlo code intercomparison exercise was conducted where participants simulated the emitted electron spectra and energy deposition around a single gold nanoparticle (GNP) irradiated by X-rays. In the exercise, the participants scored energy imparted in concentric spherical shells around a spherical volume filled with gold or water

Heat pipe cooled reactors, which use heat pipes rather than fluid flow for passive cooling, are an excellent candidate for micro nuclear power sources. Heat pipes provide excellent built-in redundancy and safety margin. However, a heat pipe failure is quite likely over the reactor lifetime, which is one of the essential design basis accidents in the reactor design. This work analyzes heat pipe failure

Understanding the spreading behavior of a molten core is important for predicting the progression of severe accidents and ensuring the smooth decommissioning of severe accident-experienced nuclear power plants. In the current study, molten-metal drop experiments were performed using tin and copper. These experiments were conducted to expand the fundamental knowledge on spreading and deposition behaviors

Fourteen selected parameters of the reactor response were used to train a multi-connected Support Vector Machines (SVM) model. With proper optimization, the SVM model demonstrated accurate prediction for hot-leg break LOCA, cold-leg break LOCA, and SGTR, and their break sizes. The prediction accuracy is higher in the early phase (<~15 s) of the accidents than the later phase of the accident, implying

Abstract Efficient heat transport and energy conversion are key factors for realizing a commercial fusion reactor. A promising method for enhancing heat transport performance and simplifying the transport system is thermosiphon. However, the maximum heat flux in the evaporation unit [namely, boiling heat transfer (BHT)] of the thermosiphon system should be improved to remove heat at high heat fluxes

Abstract New superconductor types and performance levels are being developed and have enabled consideration of higher-field, smaller-size devices. In this paper, sizing options for the next Fusion Energy System Study (FESS) design study are explored. The 2016/2017 baseline Fusion Nuclear Science Facility (FNSF) used a bucked and wedged solution with a large external case mainly to support out-of-plane

We calculate the gravitational form factors of the excited N(1535) state with the quantum numbers I(JP)=12(12−) via light cone QCD sum rules (LCSR). To this end, we consider the quark part of the energy-momentum tensor (EMT) current and use the general form of the nucleon's interpolating field as well as the distribution amplitudes (DAs) of N(1535). As both the nucleon and N(1535) couple to the same

MgO:Ce3+,Li+ was synthesized by the solid-state reaction (SSR) method and its luminescence properties were investigated. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were used for the structure analysis. The luminescence properties were studied using thermoluminescence (TL), photoluminescence (PL), and radioluminescence (RL) techniques. The step annealing experiment

The current research summarizes recent developments performed within the PSI BEPU methodology and the corresponding results on the SPERT-III RIA experiments. In this regard, three main studies have been carried out. First, an uncertainty breakdown study has been performed in order to identify the dominant nuclear data and to quantify their respective contributions to the overall uncertainties of the

ABSTRACT A Compton camera system for use on an unmanned helicopter was previously developed to characterize the distribution of radioactive materials in highly contaminated areas. For this study, a Compton camera system was equipped with a small camera, laser distance meter, an attitude angle sensor, temperature sensors, and real-time monitoring software for better measurement of flight parameters

In-depth convergence analyses for neutronics/thermal-hydraulics (T/H) coupled calculations are performed to investigate the performance of nonlinear methods based on the Fixed-Point Iteration (FPI). A simplified neutronics-T/H coupled system consisting of a single fuel pin is derived to provide a testbed. The xenon equilibrium model is considered to investigate its impact during the nonlinear iteration

In the present study, radiation shielding and protection ability of prepared Flyash-lime-Gypsum (FaLG) bricks has been studied in terms of energy exposure build up factors and dose parameters. The energy exposure build up factors of Flyash-lime-Gypsum (FaLG) bricks have been calculated for the energy range of 0.015 MeV–15 MeV and for penetration depth upto 40 mfp directly using a new and simplified

In order to meet the needs of domestic reactor severe accident analysis program, a MIDAC (Module In-vessel Degraded severe accident Analysis Code) is developed and maintained by Xi'an Jiaotong University. As the accuracy of the calculation results of the analysis program is of great significance for the formulation of severe accident mitigation measures, the article select three experiments to evaluate

Flow blockage of the fuel assembly in the lead-based fast reactor (LFR) may produce critical local spots, which will result in cladding failure and threaten reactor safety. In this study, the flow blockage characteristics were analyzed with the sub-channel analysis method, and the circumferentially-varied method was employed for considering the non-uniform distribution of circumferential temperature

The field of gravitational-wave astronomy has been opened up by gravitational-wave observations made with interferometric detectors. This review surveys the current state-of-the-art in gravitational-wave detectors and data analysis methods currently used by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory in the United States and the Virgo Observatory in Italy. These analysis methods will also

We introduce the Dunkl–Klein–Gordon (DKG) equation in 2D by changing the standard partial derivatives by the Dunkl derivatives in the standard Klein–Gordon (KG) equation. We show that the generalization with Dunkl derivative of the z-component of the angular momentum is what allows the separation of variables of the DKG equation. Then, we compute the energy spectrum and eigenfunctions of the DKG equations

We report chemical damage to the methine (CH) and methylene (CH2) groups in poly(allyl diglycol carbonate) (PADC), which is a polymeric nuclear track detector, under gamma rays and heavy ions (C and Kr) using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) analysis. By comparing the IR spectrum of PADC from 2700 to 3100 cm−1 to that of diethyleneglycol bis allylcarbonate (ADC), which is a monomer of PADC, we found

A visual experiment is conducted to study bubble dimension characteristics during subcooled flow boiling in vertical flow channel with a round heating rod in a squared channel. With the high speed camera, the bubble behavior is captured and bubble dimension characteristics near the heating wall are obtained. In this study, the system pressure is from 0.1 to 1.0 MPa, the mass flux is from 800 to 1900 kg/m2s

RFX-mod is an experimental fusion device built to explore and study plasma physics, especially in Reversed Field Pinch (RFP) configuration. RFX-mod allowed performing experiments with a plasma current up to 2 MA and obtaining stationary self-organized helical plasmas. Considering the results achieved so far, a significant upgrade of the device (RFX-mod2) is presently being implemented. This paper presents

Local quartic interaction of higher-spin gauge field with a scalar field is considered. In this special case, the nontrivial task of construction of interacting Lagrangian for the higher spin field in physical gauge was solved using the full power of Noether's procedure. As a result, the linear on-field gauge transformation is obtained and the corresponding commutator of transformation is analyzed

Recently, imposing the gauge-symmetry and the T-duality constraints on the string frame effective actions of type II superstring theories at order α′3, the NS-NS couplings have been found in a particular scheme which has 445 couplings in 15 different structures. In this paper, using a field redefinition, we write them in terms of 251 couplings which appear in 9 different structures. The 9 structures

A riveting study of Ward-Takahashi identities is presented for a broken dilatation or scale symmetry in a generalized quantum Hall system. On using the “Peierls substitution” scheme, it is shown that noncommutativity between spatial coordinates emerges naturally at a large magnetic field limit. Thereafter, we derive a path-integral action for the corresponding noncommutative quantum system and discuss

We examine the question of the integrability of the recently defined Z2×Z2-graded sine-Gordon model, which is a natural generalisation of the supersymmetric sine-Gordon equation. We do this via appropriate auto-Bäcklund transformations, construction of conserved spinor-valued currents and a pair of infinite sets of conservation laws.

We show that a multiple commutation relation of the Yang-Baxter algebra of integrable lattice models derived by Shigechi and Uchiyama can be used to connect two types of Grothendieck classes by the K-theoretic pushforward from the Grothendieck group of Grassmann bundles to the Grothendieck group of a nonsingular variety. Using the commutation relation, we show that two types of partition functions

In nuclear power plants and other nuclear facilities the removal of cobalt from radioactive liquid waste is needed to reduce the radioactivity concentration in effluents. In liquid wastes containing strong organic complexing agents such as EDTA cobalt removal can be problematic due to the high stability of the Co-EDTA complex. In this study, the removal of cobalt from NaNO3 solutions using antimony