Large-scale surveys allow us to construct cosmological probes such as galaxy clustering, weak gravitational lensing, the luminosity distance, and cosmic microwave background anisotropies. The gauge-invariant descriptions of these cosmological probes reveal the presence of numerous relativistic effects in the cosmological probes, and they are sensitive (or even divergent) to the long wave-length fluctuations

We address the issue of the compositeness of hadronic states and demonstrate that starting with a genuine state of nonmolecular nature, but which couples to some meson-meson component to be observable in that channel, if that state is blamed for a bound state appearing below the meson-meson threshold it gets dressed with a meson cloud and it becomes pure molecular in the limit case of zero binding

The structure of the proton remains a significant challenge within the field of Quantum Chromodynamics, with the origin of its spin and mass still lacking a satisfactory explanation. In this study, we utilize the gravitational form factor of the proton as the foundation for constructing the configurational entropy of the proton energy system. In our approach we choose the holographic QCD model for

Recent experimental studies have led to the suggestion that short-range correlations may be a major contributor to the nuclear EMC effect. This hypothesis requires that the structure function for nucleons involved in short-range correlations should be heavily suppressed compared to that of a free nucleon. Based on calculations performed within an AdS/QCD motivated, light-front quark-diquark model,

New magic numbers have been discovered in the neutron-rich region of the nuclear chart. However, there has been a lack of research on proton-rich nuclei. 22O, the mirror nucleus of 22Si, is a double-magic nucleus bearing a high E(21+). Whether 22Si exhibits double-magic characters is an intriguing topic. To investigate this matter, we utilized ab initio valence space in-medium similarity renormalization

A relativistic Quantum Field Theory framework is devised for Mermin's inequalities. By employing smeared Dirac spinor fields, we are able to introduce unitary operators which create, out of the Minkowski vacuum |0〉, GHZ-type states. In this way, we are able to obtain a relation between the expectation value of Mermin's operators in the vacuum and in the GHZ-type states. We show that Mermin's inequalities

We present a mechanism which drives Dirac neutrino masses to tiny values along the Renormalization Group flow, starting from an asymptotically safe ultraviolet completion of the third generation of the Standard Model including quantum gravity. At the same time, the mechanism produces a mass-splitting between the neutrino and the quark sector and also generates the mass splitting between top and bottom

We present the fully analytical result for the next-to-next-to-leading nonfactorizable QCD corrections to Higgs boson production via vector boson fusion computed to the leading power in the ratio of the jet transverse momentum to the partonic center-of-mass energy. Asymptotic expansions of the nonfactorizable corrections in various kinematical limits are obtained.

Vector boson scattering is a key production process to probe the electroweak symmetry breaking of the Standard Model and is one of the most important topics of the physics program for the HL-LHC since it involves both self-couplings of vector bosons and their coupling with the Higgs boson. If the Higgs mechanism is not the sole source of electroweak symmetry breaking, the scattering amplitude deviates

Two topics have recently risen to prominence within the ongoing searches of beyond–Standard Model effects in b and c decays: observables that test lepton flavor universality (LFU) and those that test lepton flavor violation (LFV). A coherent set of measurements suggests nonstandard LFU effects. General arguments relate LFU to LFV, and the observed size of the former gives hope of observable signals

Since its start, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has helped advance both theory and experiment on the production and properties of the heaviest fundamental particle, the top quark. This review focuses on a selected set of measurements and associated searches for new physics, which have opened the door for unprecedented precision in this area of high-energy physics. Fundamental parameters of the theory

We present a method for ordering two-nucleon interactions based upon their scaling with the number of QCD colors, N c, in the limit that N c becomes large. Available data in the two-nucleon sector show general agreement with this ordering, indicating that the method may be useful in other contexts where data are less readily available. However, several caveats and potential pitfalls can make the large-

In this article, I review scenarios of physics beyond the Standard Model in which the top quark plays a special role. Models that aim at the stabilization of the weak scale are presented together with the specific phenomenology of partner states that are characteristic of this type of model. Further, I present models of flavor in which the top quark is singled out as a special flavor in the Standard

Live (not decayed) radioisotopes on the Earth and Moon are messengers from recent nearby astrophysical explosions. Measurements of 60Fe in deep-sea samples, Antarctic snow, and lunar regolith reveal two pulses about 3 Myr and 7 Myr ago. Detection of 244Pu in a deep-sea crust indicates a recent r-process event. We review the ultrasensitive accelerator mass spectrometry techniques that enable these findings

Applying dimensional analysis to the Higgs mass leads one to predict new physics interactions that generate this mass at a scale of the order of 1 TeV. The question of what these interactions could be is known as the gauge hierarchy problem. Resolving this question has been a central aim of particle physics for the past few decades. Traditional solutions introduce new particles with masses below 1

This White Paper highlights the essential role of hadronic transport simulations of heavy-ion collisions in studies involving the equation of state of nuclear matter. It also elucidates many connections between inferences of the equation of state from heavy-ion collision data and other efforts aiming to understand the properties of nuclear matter.

We investigate the integrability of the boundary state arising from the subdeterminant operators in the alternating SU(4) spin chain in ABJM theory. Our findings show that the resulting matrix product states are only integrable for two special giant gravitons, including the maximal giant graviton. Furthermore, we extend our analysis to more general boundary states.

Abstract not available

Inspired by the recent precise data, we perform model-independently an isospin decomposition of the timelike octet baryons electromagnetic form factors. As noted in our previous work, the relative magnitude of isoscalar and isovector component is determined with the input of data on various isospin channels. Herein we further assert that their relative phase can be constraint by the phase difference

The first search for ultra-rare K+ decays into the π+e+e−e+e− final state is reported, using a dataset collected by the NA62 experiment at CERN in 2017–2018. An upper limit of 1.4×10−8 at 90% CL is obtained for the branching ratio of the K+→π+e+e−e+e− decay, predicted in the Standard Model to be (7.2±0.7)×10−11. Upper limits at 90% CL are obtained at the level of 10−9 for the branching ratios of two

We report an accurate determination of the nuclear magnetic dipole moments of 6,7Li from the measured ratio of the nuclear and the electron g-factors in atomic Li. The obtained results significantly improve upon the literature values and stress the importance of reliable theoretical calculations of the nuclear shielding corrections.

We analytically study the quasinormal modes of a scalar perturbation around a rotating BTZ-like black hole in the Einstein-bumblebee gravity. We observe that the Lorentz symmetry breaking parameter imprints only in the imaginary parts of the quasinormal frequencies for the right-moving and left-moving modes. The perturbational field decays more rapidly for the negative Lorentz symmetry breaking parameter

Abstract not available

This letter reports the first measurement of spin alignment, with respect to the helicity axis, for D⁎+ vector mesons and their charge conjugates from charm-quark hadronisation (prompt) and from beauty-meson decays (non-prompt) in hadron collisions. The measurements were performed at midrapidity (|y|<0.8) as a function of transverse momentum (pT ) in proton–proton (pp) collisions collected by ALICE

Topological invariants have played a fundamental role in the advancement of theoretical high energy physics. Physicists have used several kinematic techniques to distinguish new physics predictions from the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics at Large Hadron Collider (LHC). However, the study of global topological invariants of the collider signals has not yet attracted much attention. In this

The production yields of non-prompt Ds+ mesons, namely Ds+ mesons from beauty-hadron decays, were measured for the first time as a function of the transverse momentum (pT) at midrapidity (|y|<0.5) in central and semi-central Pb–Pb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair sNN=5.02TeV with the ALICE experiment at the LHC. The Ds+ mesons and their charge conjugates were reconstructed from

In this Letter we introduce some field-theoretic approach for computing the critical properties of γKLS-generalized systems undergoing continuous phase transitions, namely γKLS-statistical field theory. From this new approach emerges the new generalized O(N)γKLS universality class, which is capable of encompassing nonconventional critical exponents for real imperfect systems known as manganites not

The STAR collaboration has observed an excess production of electron-positron pairs which have transverse momenta p⊥< 150 MeV/c in peripheral gold-gold and uranium-uranium collisions. ALICE has also reported on an excess of μ+μ− pairs at low p⊥ in very peripheral (70–90% centrality) lead-lead collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 2.76 TeV/nucleon pair. These excesses cannot be explained by the QGP

Experimental nuclear spectroscopic data are compiled and evaluated for 17 known nuclides of mass 167 (Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er Tm, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt), 23 years after the previous full evaluation by 2000Ba65. Detailed information is presented for each reaction and decay experiment. Combining all the available data, recommended values are provided for energies, spins and parities, and

The hyperon dynamics in heavy-ion collisions near threshold energy has been investigated within the quantum molecular dynamics transport model. The isospin and momentum dependent hyperon-nucleon potential and the threshold energy correction on the hyperon elementary cross section are included in the model. It is found that the high-density symmetry energy is dependent on the isospin ratios Σ−/Σ+ and

An excess of J/ψ yield at very low transverse momentum (pT<0.3 GeV/c), originating from coherent photoproduction, is observed in peripheral and semicentral hadronic Pb–Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of sNN=5.02 TeV. The measurement is performed with the ALICE detector via the dimuon decay channel at forward rapidity (2.5

The measurement of the production of f0(980) in inelastic pp collisions at s=5.02 TeV is presented. This is the first reported measurement of inclusive f0(980) yield at LHC energies. The production is measured at midrapidity, |y|<0.5, in a wide transverse momentum range, 0

A search is presented for the Higgs boson decay to a pair of electrons ( ) in proton-proton collisions at s=13TeV. The data set was collected with the CMS experiment at the LHC between 2016 and 2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138fb−1. The analysis uses event categories targeting Higgs boson production via gluon fusion and vector boson fusion. The observed upper limit on the Higgs

In this work, we have investigated the Cabibbo-suppressed process Λc→π0ηp, by taking into account the intermediate scalar state a0(980), which could be dynamically generated from the S-wave pseudoscalar-pseudoscalar interaction within the chiral unitary approach. We have calculated the π0η invariant mass distribution, and found that there is a significant structure associated to the a0(980). We have

Strange axial-vector kaons, K1, and f1 meson resonances are investigated in the 4-flavor AdS/QCD model. Their underlying differential configurational entropy is computed and the mass spectra of higher-excited resonances, in both these mesonic families, are achieved and discussed. This technique merges the 4-flavor AdS/QCD and experimental data regarding the mass spectrum of K1 and f1 meson resonances

The study of the azimuthal anisotropy of inclusive muons produced in p–Pb collisions at sNN=8.16 TeV, using the ALICE detector at the LHC is reported. The measurement of the second-order Fourier coefficient of the particle azimuthal distribution, v2, is performed as a function of transverse momentum pT in the 0–20% high-multiplicity interval at both forward (2.032 GeV/c. The v2 coefficient of inclusive

We present a singularity free and smoothly connected complete solution for a three-layered compact star with deconfined quark matter core surrounded by coherent quantum fluid of a Bose-Einstein condensate, all enclosed under a thin envelope of a repulsive neutron-Coulomb fluid. A modified form of Buchdahl-I type spatial metric is used as a seed to obtain the explicit temporal metric potential for each

We present the first lattice-QCD x-dependent pion valence-quark generalized parton distribution (GPD) calculated directly at physical pion mass using the Large-Momentum Effective Theory (LaMET) with next-to-next-to-leading order perturbative matching correction. We use clover fermions for the valence action on 2+1+1 flavors of highly improved staggered quarks (HISQ), generated by MILC Collaboration

The measurement of the charge asymmetry in top quark pair events with highly Lorentz-boosted top quarks decaying to a single lepton and jets is presented. The analysis is performed using proton-proton collisions at s=13TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138fb−1. The selection is optimized for top quarks produced with large Lorentz boosts, resulting

The inclusive production of the charm–strange baryon Ωc0 is measured for the first time via its hadronic decay into Ω−π+ at midrapidity (|y|<0.5) in proton–proton (pp) collisions at the centre-of-mass energy s=13 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The transverse momentum (pT) differential cross section multiplied by the branching ratio is presented in the interval 2

Measurements of (anti)proton, (anti)deuteron, and (anti)3He production in the rapidity range −1

Fluctuations of harmonic flow along pseudorapidity, known as flow decorrelations, are an important probe of the initial state geometry of the quark-gluon plasma. The flow decorrelations are shown to be sensitive to the collective structure of the colliding nuclei, as revealed clearly by comparing 96Ru+96Ru collisions and 96Zr+96Zr collisions, which have different nuclear structures. The flow decorrelations

Two main frameworks for defining transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton densities are the Collins-Soper-Sterman (CSS) formalism, and the Parton Branching (PB) approach. While PB-TMDs have an explicit dependence on a single scale which is used to evolve PB-TMDs in momentum space, TMDs defined in CSS formalism present a double-scale evolution in renormalization and rapidity scales, via a pair of

Black holes may form in present-day collapse of microscopic structures of dark matter. We show that, if microstructure black holes (MSBH) with mass m∼1013 g are produced, the spectrum of gamma rays from their evaporation agrees remarkably well with the GeV excess observed by Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, while still avoiding all observational constraints. We also discuss the generic requirements

One of the leading issues in quantum field theory and cosmology is the mismatch between the observed and calculated values for the cosmological constant in Einstein's field equations of up to 120 orders of magnitude. In this paper, we discuss new methods to potentially bridge this chasm using the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP). We find that if quantum gravity GUP models are the solution to

We review the baryon asymmetry generated in the early Universe in the framework of the metric-spinor gravity with the Holst term, which accounts for the Barbero-Immirzi parameter. For the generation of the matter-antimatter asymmetry, we have considered the model in which the time derivative of the Ricci scalar couples with matter currents (this model is known in the literature as gravitational baryogenesis)

We propose a scenario that explains the comparable abundances of dark matter (DM) and baryons without any coincidence in the corresponding particle masses. Here, DM corresponds to heavy “dark baryons” in a hidden MSSM-like dark sector, where the supersymmetry breaking scale can be several orders of magnitude larger than in the visible sector. In both sectors a baryon asymmetry is generated via the

Ten years ago the 125 GeV Higgs resonance was discovered at the LHC [1], [2], if this boson is a fundamental particle or a particle composed of new strongly interacting particles is still an open question. If this is a composite boson there are still no signals of other possible composite states of this scheme, a possible solution to this problem was recently discussed in Refs. [30], [31], where it

The first search is presented for vector-like leptons (VLLs) in the context of the “4321 model”, an ultraviolet-complete model with the potential to explain existing B physics measurements that are in tension with standard model predictions. The analyzed data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 96.5fb−1, were recorded in 2017 and 2018 with the CMS detector at the LHC in proton-proton collisions

A search for new phenomena giving rise to pairs of opposite electrically charged muons with impact parameters in the millimeter range is presented, using 139 fb−1 of s=13 TeV pp collision data from the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The search targets the gap in coverage between existing searches targeting final states with leptons with large displacement and prompt leptons. No significant excess over

We survey the impact of nuclear three-body forces on structure properties of nuclei within the shell model. It has long been acknowledged, since the seminal works of Zuker and coworkers, that three-body forces play a fundamental role in making the monopole component of shell-model Hamiltonians, derived from realistic nucleon–nucleon potentials, able to reproduce the observed evolution of the shell

This research aims to incorporate an axionic field within the context of dynamical Chern-Simons (CS) gravity and investigate the behavior of a slowly rotating black hole (BH) within this theoretical framework. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first instance where such a problem has been tackled within the context of (CS) gravitational theory coupled with the axionic field. The Lagrangian of

Tests of the T, CP and CPT symmetries in the neutral kaon system are performed by the direct comparison of the probabilities of a kaon transition process to its symmetry-conjugate. The exchange of in and out states required for a genuine test involving an antiunitary transformation implied by time-reversal is implemented exploiting the entanglement of K0K‾0 pairs produced at a ϕ-factory. A data sample

Abstract not available

In this letter, we propose an improved cosmological model independent method of determining the value of the Hubble constant H0. The method uses unanchored luminosity distances H0dL(z) from SN Ia Pantheon data combined with angular diameter distances dA(z) from a sample of intermediate luminosity radio quasars calibrated as standard rulers. The distance duality relation between dL(z) and dA(z), which

I investigate the two-dimensional four-derivative conformal theory that emerges from the Nambu-Goto string after the path-integration over all fields but the metric tensor. Using the method of singular products which accounts for tremendous cancellations in perturbation theory, I show the (intelligent) one-loop approximation to give an exact solution. It is conveniently described through the minimal

Nucleon decays put extremely stringent bounds on baryon-number-violating interactions. However, in case the corresponding operators involve only τ leptons, the direct two-body decays, e.g., p→π0τ+, are kinematically not allowed and nucleon decay can only proceed via an off-shell τ, leading to p→π0ℓ+νℓν¯τ. To calculate such processes, the momentum dependence of the form factors for nucleon-to-meson

The Bethe-Salpeter equation for a pseudoscalar bound-system, with i) a ladder kernel with massive gluons, ii) dynamically-dressed quark mass function and iii) an extended quark-gluon vertex, is solved in Minkowski space by using the Nakanishi integral representation of the Bethe-Salpeter amplitude. The quark dressing is implemented through a phenomenological ansatz, which was tuned by lattice QCD calculations

We present a minimal sub-GeV thermal Dark Matter (DM) model where the DM primarily interacts with neutrinos and participates in neutrino mass generation through quantum loop corrections at one-loop level. We discuss the challenges in achieving this in the scotogenic framework and identify a viable variant. Due to minimality and the interplay between obtaining the correct DM relic abundance and neutrino

Density fluctuations near the QCD critical point can be probed via an intermittency analysis in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We report the first measurement of intermittency in Au+Au collisions at sNN = 7.7-200 GeV measured by the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The scaled factorial moments of identified charged hadrons are analyzed at mid-rapidity and within the