The integration of data science, analytics, and model-based reasoning provides a mechanism for enhanced understanding of systems and improved decision-making, but its potential has not been thoroughly explored for improving the safety and operational efficiency of nuclear power reactors. Nuclear power owners, operators, regulators, and researchers have made significant investments in probabilistic

The paper describes the main experimental results of testing the method of thermographic measurements on a test bench with a plasma-beam facility. The developed method is intended to improve the accuracy of surface temperature measurements of candidate materials of the first wall of future thermonuclear reactors during investigations on the KTM tokamak. The method is based on the use of an external

We investigate the thermodynamic phase transition and heat engine efficiency in regular Bardeen AdS black hole. The thermodynamics of the black hole is analyzed in extended phase space. A first order phase transition analogous to van der Waal system is evident from this study, which is affirmed by the specific heat divergence at the critical points. A conventional heat engine is constructed by considering

In this work, we try to obtain a stable Lemaître-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) static universe, which is spherically symmetric and radially inhomogeneous. However, this is not an easy task, and fails in general relativity (GR) and various modified gravity theories, because the corresponding LTB static universes must reduce to the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) static universes. We find a way out in a new type

Free Fermions on vertices of distance-regular graphs are considered. Bipartitions are defined by taking as one part all vertices at a given distance from a reference vertex. The ground state is constructed by filling all states below a certain energy. Borrowing concepts from time and band limiting problems, algebraic Heun operators and Terwilliger algebras, it is shown how to obtain, quite generally

We present a unified framework for the renormalisation of the Hamiltonian and eigenbasis of a system of correlated electrons, unveiling thereby the interplay between electronic correlations and many-particle entanglement. For this, we extend substantially the unitary renormalization group (URG) scheme introduced in Refs. [1], [2], [3]. We recast the RG as a discrete flow of the Hamiltonian tensor network

Recently there has been a renewed interest in the spectra and role in dynamical properties of excited states of the spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnetic chain in longitudinal magnetic fields associated with Bethe strings. The latter are bound states of elementary magnetic excitations described by Bethe-ansatz complex non-real rapidities. Previous studies on this problem referred to finite-size systems

In this work the absolute differential cross sections of the 18O(d,pγ)19O (Eγ = 1376 keV) ,18O(d,nγ)19F (Eγ = 1357 keV) and 16O(d,pγ)17O (Eγ = 871 keV) reactions were measured for the isotopic analysis of oxygen by DIGE technique. The energy of the incident deuterons was varied from 590 to 1994 keV in steps of 10 keV. Gamma-rays and backscattered deuterons were collected simultaneously by an HPGe detector

The formation and growth of helium (He) clusters in copper (Cu) bulk were studied using molecular dynamics simulations. During the growth of a single He cluster in a Cu box, stacking faults were found to occur around the He cluster. Loop punching occurred along the 〈1 1 0〉 crystal direction, which promoted further growth. The He-to-vacancy ratio was calculated as ranging between 1.5 and 2. When He

In this work Euler-Euler Large Eddy Simulations (LES) of dispersed turbulent gas–liquid flows in a cylindrical bubble column are presented. Besides, predictions are compared with experimental data from Vial et al. 2000 using laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV). Two test cases are considered where vortical-spiral and turbulent flow regimes occur. The sub-grid scale (SGS) modelling is based on the Smagorinsky

During a loss of coolant accident (LOCA), blocked sub-channels may appear due to the swelling of the fuel rods’ cladding, which results in flow redistribution during the reflooding phase. For this reason, special attention has been paid to the effect of fuel rods ballooning on the thermal-hydraulics in LOCA conditions. Due to the practically impossible physical or optical access to blocked sub-channels

The development and validation of 3D multiphase computational fluid dynamics (M-CFD) models and physics-informed data-driven modeling require data of high-quality and high-resolution. Considering the difficulties in acquiring the corresponding experimental data in prototypical conditions, two-phase boiling simulations by Interface Tracking Method (ITM) based models can be used to generate high-resolution

In this work, we propose and design a GaN-based diode with a p-doped GaN (p-GaN) multi-well structure for high efficiency betavoltaic (BV) cells. The short-circuit current density (JSC) and open-circuit voltage (VOC) of the devices were investigated with variations of parameters such as the doping concentration, height, width of the p-GaN well region, well-to-well gap, and number of well regions. The

Most thickness measurement techniques using X-ray radiation are unsuitable in field processes involving fast-moving organic films. Herein, we propose a Compton scattering X-ray radiation method, which probes the light elements in organic materials, and a new simple, non-destructive, and non-contact calibration-free real-time film thickness measurement technique by setting up a bench-top X-ray thickness

We present a comprehensive set of vibrationally-resolved cross sections for electron-impact electronic excitation of molecular hydrogen suitable for implementation in collisional-radiative models. The adiabatic-nuclei molecular convergent close-coupling method is used to calculate cross sections for excitation of all bound vibrational levels and dissociative excitation of the B1Σu+, C1Πu, EF1Σg+, B′1Σu+

The local group velocity defined as the weak value of the velocity operator in (1 + 1)-dimensional Klein-Gordon and Dirac theory is studied. As shown by Berry [J. Phys. A45, 185308 (2012)], when the pre- and post-selected states for evaluating the weak value are chosen at random from an ensemble of available states, it gives rise to a universal probability distribution for the local group velocity

In this paper, we construct a holographic dark energy (HDE) model considering the IR cut-off as Hubble horizon, holographic hypothesis, and using the generalized Rényi entropy, and investigate its cosmological outcomes in Brans–Dicke gravity without interaction. We observe the suitable behavior for the cosmological parameters, involving the deceleration parameter, the equation of state (EoS) parameter

We have investigated the effects of rotation on a scalar field subject to the Aharonov–Bohm effect, an effect arising from a particular and possible scenario, from the theoretical point of view, of the Kaluza–Klein theory. Through the boundary condition induced by the non-inertial effect, for a particular case, we analyze a scalar particle in a region bounded by the cylindrical surfaces and under the

Heavy baryons B(QQ′q) and heavy mesons M(Q̄q) for heavy quarks Q=c, b, or t and light quarks q=u, d, or s are considered. Strong interaction coupling-constant sum rules with first-order breaking of SU(3) flavor symmetry are obtained for reaction H→H′+M(qq̄′) where H=B(QQ′q) or M(Q̄q), H′=B(QQ′q′) or M(Q̄q′), and M(qq̄′) is a light meson. Specific results for couplings of doubly charmed baryons and

We consider rational nonlinear electrodynamics with the Lagrangian ℒ=−ℱ/(1+2βℱ) (ℱ=(1/4)FμνFμν is the Lorentz invariant), proposed in Ref. 63, coupled to General Relativity. The effective geometry induced by nonlinear electrodynamics corrections are found. We determine shadow’s size of regular non-rotating magnetic black holes and compare them with the shadow size of the super-massive M87∗ black hole

Asymmetric tri-bi-maximal mixing is a recently proposed, grand unified theory (GUT) based, flavor mixing scheme. In it, the charged lepton mixing is fixed by the GUT connection to down-type quarks and a 𝒯13 flavor symmetry, while neutrino mixing is assumed to be tri-bi-maximal (TBM) with one additional free phase. Here we show that this additional free phase can be fixed by the residual flavor and

We propose to describe the gauge sector of an asymptotically safe field theory in d=4−𝜖 dimensions as a scalar theory on fixed AdS in (d+1)-dimensions using the holographic dictionary.

The essences of the weak 𝒞𝒫 violation, the quark and lepton Jarlskog invariants, are determined toward future model buildings beyond the Standard Model (SM). The equivalence of two calculations of Jarlskog invariants gives a bound on the 𝒞𝒫 phase in some parametrization. Satisfying the unitarity condition, we obtain the CKM and PMNS matrices from the experimental data, and present the results in

Propagation of sound waves in a flowing fluid can be viewed as a minimally coupled massless scalar field propagating in curved spacetime. The analogue Hawking radiation from a spherically symmetric acoustic black hole and a (2 + 1)-dimensional rotating acoustic black hole are investigated respectively in Damour–Ruffini’s method. The emission rate and Hawking temperature are obtained, which are related

The phenomena-like Hawking radiation, the collapse of black holes, and neutron stars decrease the curvature of spacetime continuously with the passage of time. The time conformal factor adds some curvature to nonstatic spacetime. In this article, some novel classes of nonstatic plane-symmetric spacetimes are explored by introducing a time conformal factor in the exact plane-symmetric spacetimes in

We study proper teleparallel conformal vector fields in spherically symmetric static spacetimes. The main objective of this paper is to present the classification for the above-mentioned spacetimes. The problem has been examined by two methods: direct integration technique and diagonal tetrads. We show that the spherically symmetric static spacetimes do not admit proper teleparallel conformal vector

In this paper, we examine the complexity factor for a dynamical spherical system with dissipative charged anisotropic fluid. We evaluate the Einstein-Maxwell field equations and structure scalars using Bel’s approach which help to discuss the structure as well as evolution of a self-gravitating system. We measure the complexity factor for the pattern of evolution through the homologous condition and

The laser field interacting with single trapped ion in a carrier excitation frame in the presence of an external field is investigated. Detailed analytical expressions are given, taking into account carrier excitation configurations. We study the evolution of the population inversion, fidelity, ion-field entanglement, Fisher information and the geometric phase. The results indicate the influence of

In this work, we mainly study quantum steering and nonlocality of two-qubit Heisenberg XY spin-1/2 chain via local filtering operation. Our analytical results show that quantum steering and nonlocality can be affected by coupling constant J, temperature T, external magnetic field b and anisotropy constant γ. Quantum steering and nonlocality would degrade with the increase of temperature T and anisotropy

Presents the table of contents for this issue of the publication.

Presents a listing of the editorial board, board of governors, current staff, committee members, and/or society editors for this issue of the publication.

IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (TNS) is pleased to announce that Prof. Gian-Franco Dalla Betta (S’94–M’98–SM’06) was appointed as Senior Editor receiving papers on Radiation Instrumentation in June 2020. He replaced Prof. Arnold Burger who had served in this position since early 2016. Prof. Burger handled over 1600 original papers and revisions during his tenure, and we are grateful for his service

Photocathodes have a wide range of applications, and different materials can be used depending on the incident photon wavelength. The structure and composition of a crystalline material can strongly affect the electronic properties such as the electron affinity and the work function. Molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) provides much improved control over the composition and synthesis of a photocathode versus

In this article, we studied the total ionization dose (TID) effects on the multilevel-cell (MLC) 3-D NAND flash memory using Co-60 gamma radiation. We found a significant page-to-page bit error variation within a physical memory block of the irradiated memory chip. Our analysis showed that the origin of the bit error variation is the unique vertical layer-dependent TID response of the 3-D NAND. We

On July 25, 2013, the Alphasat satellite was launched, carrying the component technology test-bed (CTTB) to assess the space radiation effects in electronic components. Embedded in each of the three experimental boards of the CTTB, are radiation-sensitive metal-oxide–silicon field-effect transistors (RADFETs) to measure the radiation levels at the Alphasat geostationary orbit (GEO). In this work, values

In 0.53 Ga 0.47 As photodiodes were irradiated by 2.0- and 3.5-MeV protons at low temperature to study the effects of displacement damage. Defect spectroscopy and dark current measurements were performed in situ before room-temperature annealing could occur. It was found that annealing of the dominant mid-gap trap began as low as at 150 K. At room temperature, significant annealing of this trap occurred

The mymargin metal–oxide–semiconductor mymargin (MOS)-controlled thyristor (MCT) has been characterized by MOS gating, high current rise rate, and high blocking capabilities. The anode-short MCT (AS-MCT) is distinguished from the conventional MCT by an anode-short structure, which forms an extracting path for the electron current at the gate ground and develops a normally-OFF characteristic. As a composite

In view of its importance to applications in high-energy physics, nuclear security, and time-of-flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET), the time resolution of 0.5% benzophenone-quenched EJ-232Q plastic scintillators of various lengths was studied using a fast waveform digitizer and fast photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). The scintillator sizes were 5 mm $\times 5$ mm $\times10$ , 25, 50, 75, or 100

A new silicon-strip readout chip named “SliT” has been developed for the measurement of the muon anomalous magnetic moment and electric dipole moment (EDM) of the muon at Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). The SliT chip is designed in the Silterra 180-nm CMOS technology with mixed-signal integrated circuits. An analog circuit incorporates a conventional charge-sensitive amplifier,

The evaluation of fissile mass inside radioactive waste drums is essential for radioactive waste management, nuclear safety, and criticality issues. However, passive and active neutron measurements can be strongly impacted by the uncertainty on the neutron source position within the drum and by matrix attenuation effects. Therefore, an imaging panel proposed by Proportional Technologies Inc., composed

The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector at the European Council for Nuclear Research (CERN) Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is undergoing an extensive Phase II upgrade program to prepare for the challenging conditions of the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). In particular, a new timing layer will measure minimum ionizing particles (MIPs) with a time resolution of ~30–40 ps and hermetic coverage up to a pseudorapidity

These instructions give guidelines for preparing papers for this publication. Presents information for authors publishing in this journal.

The Affiliate Plan, established by the IEEE Board of Directors, enables individuals who are not members of the IEEE, but who have an interest in the field of plasma science, to join the IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society. Admission as an affiliate requires only membership in a professional society listed here. Affiliates pay a special fee, and have all Society privileges except that of holding

Due to the demands for an accurate and realistic severe accident code in the PHWR safety analysis, a new severe accident code called CAISER is being developed at Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI). The CAISER code simulates core degradation phenomena occurring in a calandria tank, and it consists of two main modules: A fuel rod degradation module and a fuel channel degradation module. The

The thermal-neutron capture cross sections (σ0) and resonance integrals (I0) were measured for the 243Am(n,γ)244gAm and 243Am(n,γ)244m+gAm reactions by a neutron activation method. Americium-243 samples were irradiated with a pneumatic tube and a hydraulic conveyer installed in the research reactor in Institute for Integral Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University. Alloy wires of Au/Al, Co/Al

The angular distributions of elastic scattering of 14 N ions on 10 B targets have been measured at incident beam energies of 21.0 and 24.5 MeV. Angular distributions at higher energies 38–94.0 MeV (previously measured) were also included in the analysis. All data were analyzed within the framework of the optical model and the distorted waves Born approximation method. The observed rise in cross sections

The effective vacuum energy density contributed by the non-trivial contortion distribution and the bare vacuum energy density can be viewed as the energy density of the auxiliary quintessence field potential. We find that the negative bare vacuum energy density from string landscape leads to a monotonically decreasing quintessence potential while the positive one from swampland leads to the metastable

The existence of light sterile neutrinos is a long-standing question in particle physics. Several experimental “anomalies” might be explained by introducing eV mass scaled light sterile neutrinos. Many experiments are actively searching for such light sterile neutrinos through neutrino oscillation. For long baseline experiments, the matter effect should be treated carefully for precise calculation

The high uric acid level in blood can cause gouty arthritis. In the uric acid cycle, purines are converted to uric acid and the process is controlled through series of enzymes, of which, xanthine oxidase (XO) is a key enzyme responsible for the oxidation of xanthine to uric acid. XO has been used as a potential therapeutic target to control uric acid deposition, ultimately preventing gout. Various

Abstract We present a Bayesian analysis of the Landau mass within the extended \(\sigma \)–\(\omega \) model for neutron star matter. To this purpose, we consider the mass measurement of the object PSR 0740+6620, the tidal deformability estimation from the GW170817 and the mass-radius estimate of PSR J0030+0451 by NICER. Using Landau mass as free parameter of the theory, we tested the prediction power

Abstract It is shown that all predictions for the light scalars, based on their four-quark nature, are supported by experiment. The future research program is outlined also.

Abstract The article is devoted to Nikolai Bogolyubov, the outstanding scientist, one of the creators of modern nuclear weapons, Hero of Socialist Labor, academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor, Honored Science Worker of the Ukrainian SSR, winner of the Lenin Prize, two Stalin Prizes

Abstract We present the technique for resummation of flux tube excitations series arising in pentagon operator expansion program for polygonal Wilson loops and amplitudes in \(N = 4\) SYM. Here we restrict ourselves with contributions of one-particle effective states and illustrate our technique on the example of one loop MHV6 amplitude.

Abstract Using the field theoretic renormalization group technique and the operator product expansion, the kinematic MHD turbulence is investigated in the second order (two-loop) approximation of the corresponding perturbative expansion. The anomalous dimensions of the leading composite operators, which drive the anomalous scaling of the single-time two-point correlation functions of the passive magnetic

Abstract Electron-positron plasma can be naturally produced by a massive self-sustained cascade seeded by particles injected or created spontaneously from vacuum under the action of a strong laser field. We consider a quantum kinetic equation for such a plasma and simplification of the collision integral for photon emission along the polarization direction of the field.

Abstract We argue that resonances terminate, i.e. at certain mass/temperature they “melt”, converting into a kind of a quark-gluon soup. We predict a finite spectrum of glueball/oddball resonances lying on the pomeron/odderon trajectories. A simple model for Regge trajectories with threshold and asymptotic behaviour required by analyticity and unitarity is used.

Abstract We consider a heavy quark motion in a rotating quark-gluon plasma in the framework of the holographic prescription. For the gravity dual we use the 5d Kerr-AdS black hole with one non-zero rotational parameter. We calculate the Nambu-Goto action for a curved string in the Kerr-AdS background and corresponding conjugate momenta. For the case of one non-zero rotational parameter we find good

Abstract We show an exact formula obtained in [1], which relates hatted and standard \(\zeta \)-values to all orders of perturbation theory. The formula is based on the Landau–Khalatnikov–Fradkin (LKF) transformation between the massless propagators of charged particles interacting with gauge fields, in two different gauges.

Abstract We consider a two-loop propagator-type Feynman integral with two composite external vertices as a function of two Bjorken variables \(x\), \(y\), arbitrary indices \({{n}_{i}}\) of propagators and space-time dimension \(D\). The integral is evaluated in terms of a hypergeometric double series. We find a chain of reductions of this double series to simpler functions in some physically interesting