Radiation from gamma-ray emitting radionuclides poses significant health risks due to its high penetrating power. Currently, no technique offers effective shielding against it. Nevertheless, the rapid increase in the production and application of radionuclides warrants efficient and reliable radionuclide-detection systems. Although conventional scintillation detectors that adopt spectral analysis are

In this study, the structural, morphological, photoluminescence (PL), and dosimetric properties of CaAlSiO: xCr, at various Cr concentrations (0 ≤ x ≤ 1 mol%) have been studied. The phosphor material was synthesized via sol-gel route with an octadecylamine as a catalyst. The average crystallite sizes were estimated to be in the range 21–30 nm using the modified Scherrer method which are in good agreement

For a long time, radiation safety specialists have been aware of computer codes designed to calculate human dose exposure from beta or gamma radiation. However, these products have a major drawback: they do not consider the radiation fields generated by extended beta radiation sources due to bremsstrahlung. Existing solutions are either not widely available or use outdated nuclear-physical constants

We present a new procedure to remotely calibrate gamma spectrometry detectors installed in the open air used in surveillance networks. The procedure includes energy calibration, determination of the energy resolution and estimation of the activity concentration. Our Proportional ROI-Cleaning algorithm (Cerezo et al., 2023) has been applied to different detector types and dimensions (LaBr(Ce), SrI(Eu)

In this study, the instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) process has been simulated using Monte Carlo method in three steps at Isfahan Miniature Neutron Source Reactor (MNSR), and simulation results have been validated by experiments. The thermal neutron flux at the inner irradiation channel of the reactor and the effective multiplication factor (k) of the reactor have been investigated by

Radiotherapy, one of the cancer treatment strategies, uses ionizing radiation to destroy cancer cells. It is very important to know the photon interaction parameters of curcumin, which has both anti-cancer and cancer-protective properties, to determine the penetration and energy accumulation in the interaction of radiation with tissue. In this work, the linear attenuation coefficient (LAC, ), mass

High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detectors are essential instruments in gamma-ray spectrometry, offering high sensitivity and exceptional energy resolution. The full-energy-peak (FEP) efficiency is a critical parameter that influences the accuracy of activity concentration measurements of radionuclides. This study examines the FEP efficiency of a coaxial HPGe detector, focusing on variations in crystal

Daily imaging is mandatory for the Halcyon and Ethos, which are the new ring-shaped radiotherapy units. This study quantified the imaging dose of the cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) system of the new ring-shaped radiotherapy units using the latest International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) measurement approach. Furthermore, we investigated the influence of collimation width on the imaging

The presence of the Bragg peak and its use in proton therapy cause less damage to healthy tissues. For optimal use of the proton beam in proton therapy, it is necessary to monitor the deviation of its range during treatment. The prompt gamma rays originated from the nuclear reactions of the proton beam with tissue elements can be applied for this purpose. The spatial distribution of prompt gamma rays

This study investigates the radiation shielding properties of composites containing polyester resin, boron carbide and titanium oxide in varying proportions. The radiation transmittance of the produced composites was measured using radioactive sources Am, Cs, Ba, Co, and Na across a photon energy range of 59.5 keV–1332.5 keV. To analyze radiation permeability, experimental geometry was simulated using

Lead silicate glasses are used to absorb electromagnetic waves. This work investigates the radiation shielding properties of a xSiO.(1-x)PbO glass system containing 5 and 10 mol% of CaO and BO. Analyses for characterization include XRD, SEM, EDAX, DRS (UV–Vis), and density analyses. Here, DRS (UV–Vis) analysis is used to investigate the absorption value in the range of 200–900 nm, and XCOM software

This study explores an innovative approach to developing radiation shielding materials using shrimp shell waste. The research investigates the feasibility of incorporating shrimp shells into a silicone rubber matrix to create a flexible, lightweight, and cost-effective radiation shielding material. Shrimp shells, rich in calcium carbonate (CaCO) content of 13.90%, offers promising properties for radiation

The exposed rocks in the Wadi El-Regeita area are quartz monzonite, granodiorite and monzogranite intruded by andesite and diorite dikes. The monzogranites studied show a marked enrichment in Rb, Ba and Sr (large ion lithophile elements, LILE) and Zr, Nb and Y (high field strength elements, HFSE), but depletion in P and Ti. The genetic characteristics of the granites revealed calc-alkaline affinity

The Sn-Bi (x = 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70%) radiation shielding alloys were prepared using a melting process of the alloying material in a ceramic crucible at 200 °C for 120 min. The structural characterization for synthesized samples was carried out using X-ray Diffraction technique (XRD). The hardness and elastic properties of the prepared alloys was measured using micro-indentation creep technology and

The optical properties of Makrofol samples are investigated under various fluences of alpha exposure (2 MeV at , , , , , , and alphas.cm alongside the unirradiated ones (pristine). Several analyses, including UV–visible, diffused reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), photoluminescence (PL), Fourier transform infrared/attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and sessile

The nuclear reaction cross sections for Pd(n,2n)Pd, Pd(n,2n)Pd, Pd(n,p)Rh, Pd(n,2n)Pd and Pd(n,p)Rh have been measured at the neutron energy of 14.77 ± 0.17 MeV by using the method of activation and off-line γ-ray spectrometry. The uncertainties in the various nuclear parameters in the measured reactions and their correlations were estimated by using covariance analysis. The present data were compared

This work investigated the gamma ray attenuation power of barium calcium aluminosilicate glass by using silicon carbide nanotube modifiers. Shielding efficiency of BaO–15CaO–5Al2O3–10B2O3–35SiO2 was investigated by adding different concentrations of silicon carbide nanotubes (10, 15, 20, 25 mol %). Amorphous and fine characteristics of the prepared glass materials were analyzed using XRD and FTIR techniques

In this work, Y-doped ZnS nanoparticles were synthesised using the hydrothermal method with doping percentages of 0.5%, 1%, 2.5%, and 5%. XRD study revealed that doping caused a phase transition from cubic to hexagonal, further confirmed by Raman analysis and TEM images. Morphological studies conducted by SEM and TEM provided insights into the structural changes. Diffused reflectance studies were used

Optical, photocatalytic activity, and radiation shielding studies were conducted on CrCoZnFeO (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1, Δx = 0.02) nanoferrites for water treatment and radiation shielding applications. The optical absorption analysis revealed that the optical band gap energy values range from 1.864 to 1.803 eV as assessed through Tauc plots. Further analysis of photocatalytic degradation showed that the CrCoZnFeO

This present work aims to mitigate the radioactive contaminants in Phosphogypsum (PG), a by-product generated from phosphate rock processing, by applying a new chemical additive before precipitation to repurpose it for construction materials. PG contains different concentrations of rare earth elements, trace elements, and radioactive nuclides, such as Ra derived from phosphate rock (PR), which could

Beryllium-7 is a cosmogenic radionuclide produced in the upper atmosphere through the spallation of cosmic rays and falls to Earth mainly by wet deposition. Given its short half-life (53 days) and strong adsorption to the clay present in the soil, Be inventory can be evaluated to obtain information about soil redistribution over periods of up to 6 months. By performing these measurements, one can infer

This study investigates the thermoluminescence (TL) dosimetric properties and kinetic parameters of natural salt samples sourced from the Çankırı rock salt cave in Turkey using β irradiation. Obvious effective TL maximum observed at around 85 and 230°C. A preheat condition was determined to apply a thermal cleaning for the lower temperature side of TL spectrum. Dose sensitivity, linearity and reusability

This work investigates the potential of borosilicate glass doped with titanium dioxide (TiO) for radiation shielding applications. The study explored the impact of varying TiO concentrations on the glass structure, optical properties, and radiation shielding effectiveness. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the amorphous nature of the glasses. The addition of TiO affected the

An innovative nanocomposite material, denoted as ATCdNi, has been developed by incorporating attapulgite (APL) clay with two different nanometal oxides, CdO and NiO, at varying proportions to serve as promising alternatives for shielding against γ-rays. The composition of the material is represented as 40%APL + X%(CdO)+(60–X)%(NiO), with X values of 15%, 30%, and 45%. Several characterization techniques

Several studies have illustrated the significant increase in the production yield of cyclotron produced At by irradiating targets at higher beam energies, highlighting that this approach warrants consideration. Recently published data also confirms the importance of the Bi(α,x)Po reaction in addition to the increasing At production at higher energies, stressing the importance of determining the total

The Russian fuel assembly TVS-2M is a newly proposed fuel configuration that contains gadolinium-oxide at different concentrations mixed with enriched UO at different U-235 enrichment values. The purpose of this study is to investigate the neutronic behavior of the Bushehr VVER-1000 reactor core by replacing the current standard Fuel Assemblies (FAs) called TVS with the new generation of TVS-2M FAs

The presence of metal implants within CT imaging causes severe attenuation of the X-ray beam. Due to the incomplete information recorded by CT detectors, artifacts in the form of streaks and dark bands would appear in the resulting CT images. The metal-induced artifacts would firstly affect the quantitative accuracy of CT imaging, and consequently, the radiation treatment planning and dose estimation

Radiation shielding using polymer composites is becoming more attractive because of their ease of production, lightness, ruggedness and availability. In this work, linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) and tenth value layer (TVL) of Cellulose Acetate - CdO - ZnO Polymer Composites of different concentrations of CdO and ZnO denoted as PB1, PB2 and PB3 were investigated against concrete and gypsum. Cellulose

The dynamics of metal formation upon radiation-chemical reduction of Cd ions in aqueous solutions in the presence of НCOONa and morphology of cadmium precipitate were studied. The dynamics process and the morphology were characterized by dynamic light scattering, photon correlation spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and turbidimetry. The formation of aqueous dispersions of the metal with the

TiO-SiO nanocomposites with different copper (Cu) precursor loadings were prepared by a one-step sonochemical process. The mole ratio of Cu precursor in TiO-SiO composite was varied at 0.004, 0.008, 0.020, and 0.040, respectively. The specific X-ray characterization techniques on crystalline structure, chemical composition, and chemical states of Cu-doped TiO-SiO composite were carried out by X-ray

Compton backscatter imaging (CBI) is a non-destructive testing (NDT) technique with the Compton effect. In CBI, the radiation source and detector are positioned on the same side of the object, which means that the imaging is almost not limited by the size of the object. The characteristic of single-sided imaging gives CBI substantial potential for applications in specific scenarios. In field archaeology

Here, this study investigated the structural changes and radiation shielding efficiency of a borate glass host modified by varying cadmium oxide (CdO) concentrations. The glass composition consisted of boron oxide (BO; 80:56 mol%), sodium oxide (NaO; 19.6 mol%), and cobalt oxide (CoO; 0.4 mol%), with cadmium oxide (CdO; 0:24 mol%). The glass structure was analyzed utilizing mass density and FT-infrared

Waste valorization of apple seeds for protein extraction is a sustainable approach to the management of apple seed waste in the apple processing industry. The purpose of the research is to study the modification of apple seed protein isolates under different doses of irradiation on functional, structural, thermal, and morphological characteristics. Different irradiation doses of 8, 15, 20 25, and 50 kGy

Graphite components are constantly subjected to a combined actions of annealing and irradiation due to high temperatures and thermal spike caused by irradiation when reactors are operating, resulting in complex microstructures along with matching changes in the material properties and dimensions. This study investigates the evolution process of initial irradiation defects at different annealing temperatures

Silica gel bead material, with its porous structure, high surface area, uniform particle size, stability, and excellent adsorption capacity, is a key material for advancing dosimeter technologies. These qualities make it ideal for accurately measuring and monitoring ionizing radiation in various environments. The research aims to characterize the response of different ionizing radiation sources on

Researchers are working for discovering smart and efficient materials to cope with energy crises. Amongst them, Perovskite are explored extensively by researchers owing to their role in energy harvesting. In this study, structural, elastic, electronic, optical and thermoelectric properties of halide perovskites BaNX (X = F, Cl) have been explored by using density functional theory techniques. The permissible

Gamma-ray astrophysics in the MeV band is an exciting field in astronomy due to its potential for multi-messenger astrophysics. It has, however, remained under-explored when compared to other wavelengths. One reason for this observational gap is the difficulties with measuring these high-energy photons and the requirement of large amounts of detection material. In this work, we investigate the usage

In this study, we investigated the degradation of surfactant sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) in aqueous solution using electron beam radiation. The removal efficiency of SDBS approached nearly 100%, achieving a COD removal rate of 7–20% with an absorbed dose of 5.0 kGy. Upon irradiation, several notable changes in SDBS micelles were observed. The absolute value of zeta potential and the average

The aim of this study is to compare the dosimetric performance of two CT acquisition protocols for the petrous bone: a standard fixed mAs protocol and a protocol using tube current modulation (TCM). By analyzing the scan length, dose-length product (DLP) and effective dose (ED) obtained with each protocol, we investigate whether TCM offers an advantage in terms of dose reduction while maintaining comparable

Lithium Triborate (LiBO or LTB), is characterized by chemical stability and good mechanical properties, and it has an effective atomic number (Z = 7.39) close to that of the human tissue (Z = 7.42), making it a potential dosimeter. The objective of this research is to examine the Thermoluminescence (TL) features and dosimetric characteristics of both Cu-doped and Ag-doped LTB. The material was synthesized

Considering the widespread use of radioactive materials and ionizing rays in most fields, such as agriculture, medicine, industry, and energy supply, The presence of a dosimeter is necessary to measure the dose of these rays to reduce their damage. The present study involves the synthesis of /SiO:Mn nanophosphors utilizing ZnCHO powder, NaOH, and SiO, followed by heating at 950 °C to develop a thermoluminescence

X-ray computed tomography (CT) is widely used in various fields, including medical, industrial, and fundamental scientific applications. Its quick ability to provide three-dimensional quantification of structures makes it a valuable tool. In addition to patient diagnostics, CT methods are employed for the investigation of varied samples. This includes in-depth analysis using high-resolution micro-

Cosmic ray muons prove valuable across various fields, from particle physics experiments to non-invasive tomography, thanks to their high flux and exceptional penetrating capability. Utilizing a scintillator detector, one can effectively study the topography of mountains situated above tunnels and underground spaces. The Hankuk Atmospheric-muon Wide Landscaping (HAWL) project successfully charts the

A condenser air removal system plays a crucial role in radiation monitoring within nuclear power plants, specifically for detecting potential leaks of radioactive material from primary-to-secondary systems. This system assesses the leakage rate (LR) by measuring the emission of particles from noble gases using a thin plastic scintillation (TPS) detector, which is specifically designed for counting

The study aims to investigate the effect of sodium arsenite (NaAsO) on radiation permeability in biological tissues of rats, challenging existing literature claims about NaAsO's influence on the density of bones. The motivation is determining whether exposure alters radiation permeability within a defined range of radiological energy. Should any changes be observed, radiation protection guidelines

Radiation detection glass with the following chemical composition BO–TeO–LiO–BiO–ZnO doped with DyO where x = 0.00, 0.10, 0.50, 1.00, 1.50 and 2.00 mol%, was developed for the characterization of physical properties such as density, molar volume (V), and refractive index, optical absorption, luminescence, CIE's diagram, and radiation detection properties. The density and refractive index of glass samples

An extensive bibliometric analysis utilizing data from Scopus was conducted to gain insight into the growth and development of fabric integration as EMI shielding from 2014 to July 23, 2023. The analysis selected 339 articles, which were then visualized using VOSViewer, R-Studio, and Tableau. The study explored various essential aspects, including the number of publications in this field over time

The purpose of this study is to systematically study and analyse the dose calibration and measurement of the alanine/electron spin resonance dosimetry system in FLASH radiotherapy. The dose calibration curve of the alanine dosimeter ranged from 0 to 50 Gy, and the best linear fit to the data shows a correlation coefficient close to 1. In the stability experiment, the preset irradiation values for the

In this study, we investigate the impact of chromium (Cr) incorporation on the optical properties, photocatalytic degradation efficiency, and radiation attenuation capabilities of zinc-copper-chromium () spinel nanoferrites. The energy gap () of the ferrite nanoparticles was determined using the Kubelka-Munk function, derived from reflectance data and analyzed through Tauc's plots. The values for the

: To evaluate the effectiveness of an ant colony algorithm in implementing variance reduction techniques in the Monte Carlo computation of the photon beam quality correction factor for ionization chambers characterized with very small active volumes. The Monte Carlo code PENELOPE has been utilized to compute the photon beam quality correction factor for the Semiflex 3D 31021 ionization chamber, which

In the present work, we offer a collection of documented values for vacancy transfer probabilities , sourced from published technical literature spanning 1993 to 2023 for elements in the atomic range . We found 1200 experimental vacancy transfer probability values from 68 scientific papers, during the specified period. These have been compiled and summarized in tables, encompassing various parameters

In this paper is explored the application of optical fibre-based dosimetry in the context of charged-particles MiniBeam Radiation Therapy through comprehensive simulation analyses. A FLUKA simulation of 64 Scintillating Plastic Optical Fibre array was implemented based on a prototype built in our group. The simulations indicate that the proposed system accurately reproduces the peak-and-valley pattern

The application of Monte Carlo (MC) simulation in the context of Medical Linear Accelerator (LinAc) treatment planning has increased in recent decades owing to its accuracy in dose calculations. The Multileaf Collimator (MLC), a component of the LinAc heads, plays an essential role by allowing the precise customization of the treatment beam's shape, effectively targeting the tumor area while minimizing

This work evaluated the validity of computer simulation codes by comparing the results of an inventory calculation for aZr target assembly with measured data obtained using a high-purity germanium detector. For the inventory calculation, the MCNP6 and FISAPCT-Ⅱ codes were used, and for the measurement, efficiency derived from the efficiency transfer method was used. The MCNP6's ENDF/B-Ⅶ library (TENDL-2017

The glass systems with compositions of 55SiO–20AlO–15BaF–10NaF-xTbF: X = 0.0 (Tb-0.0), 2.0 (Tb-2.0), 4.0 (Tb-4.0), 6.0 (Tb-6.0), and 8.0 (Tb-8.0) mol%. The glass structures that were investigated provide protection against gamma-ray and neutron. The density of the glasses increased linearly from 2.90 to 3.47 g cm when TbF added to the mixture. For the purpose of conducting a theoretical analysis of

In this work, CdO–SnO thin films were deposited using the magnetron Co-sputtering technique. The presence of single-phase Cadmium Stannate (CdSnO) films was verified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the as-prepared and irradiated films. The obtained results reveal that crystallite size () increasing by gamma irradiation up to 50 kGY and then seem to be not affected by increasing the dose of gamma radiation

The status of the LINrem project is presented, focusing on the development of innovative neutron dosimeters with enhanced energy sensitivity, time resolution, and portability. Designed to meet the technical demands of radiation protection in modern particle and nuclear facilities, these dosimeters are discussed in detail. Results from experimental campaigns showcasing their efficacy in pulsed fields

The mass attenuation coefficient (μ/ρ) is examined in the experimental and theoretical way for five concentrations of ZnO–CuO nanocomposites. These samples have been synthesized by the Co-precipitation method. XRD investigation demonstrated an improvement in crystallite size by examining structure factors in a range (11.5–26) nm. The mass attenuation coefficient (μ/ρ) was measured experimentally at

Conventional plastics, such as polystyrene (PS), are widely used due to their high degradation stability, which makes them suitable for various applications. However, the downside of this property is that it results in the persistence of these plastics in the environment, contributing to plastic pollution. This paper investigated the effects of gamma-ray irradiation on the mechanical, optical, structural