We discuss the possibility of producing M99o radioisotope using an electron beam accelerated in the linac injector of the SOLARIS synchrotron. M99o with a half-life of 65.94 h, is a parent of the medically important radioisotope T99mc(T1/2=6 h). In our study M99o was produced from Mnato(γ,x) reaction using Bremsstrahlung γ radiation generated by 60, 100 and 200 MeV electron beams hitting a tungsten

The aim of this work is the study of polycarbonate for integrating dosimetry of high doses of ionizing radiation as a considerably cheaper alternative to commonly used alanine dosimetry. It is focused on the molecular mechanisms of physical and chemical processes that cause color changes of the polymer after irradiation. Simultaneously, the processes that affect the regeneration time of these optical

In situ gamma-ray spectrometry using diverse survey platforms has been conducted in contaminated areas with various dose rate levels around the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (FDNPP). Six survey sites, including two evacuation zones around the FDNPP, were selected for ground-based gamma-ray spectrometry using HPGe (high purity Ge) and LaBr3(Ce) detectors to assess the radioactive cesium deposition

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the acute period radioprotective effect of melatonin (Mel) against radiation-induced tissue damage in thyroid gland of rats using thyroid gland scintigraphy imaging. Forty-eight Sprague Dawley female rats were divided into six groups; the control group, melatonin treatment group, low dose rate (LDR-RT), high dose rate (HDR-RT) only radiotherapy groups

A Thallium (Tl) L3-edge x-ray absorption experiment was performed on a NaI(Tl) scintillation crystal at room temperature using fluorescence detection. The data analysis provides clear evidence for a ≃5 % average bond length expansion of the first shell I atoms surrounding the Tl impurities with respect to the Na-I crystallographic bond-length. Possible evidence for a slight expansion of the second

In this study, Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP)/Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) blend embedded by gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) was synthesized via traditional casting method to study the enhanced electrical conductivity of the blend. AuNPs were synthesized by Laser Ablation in Liquids Technique (PLAL). The physical characterization of the prepared PVP/PVA/AuNPs films have been performed by various techniques. The

Plasticized and gamma crosslinked PVC composites were prepared by adding different amounts of Bi2O3 particles to evaluate their low energy X-ray radiation shielding properties. Composites were gamma-irradiated in an industrial irradiator (60Co source) at the corresponding times to obtain a dose of 75 kGy to enhance mechanical properties through crosslinking. The shielding properties of composites were

Purpose To investigate the feasibility of using a single transmission factor (TF) to account for the attenuation of the iRT Systems Integral Quality Monitor (IQM) on dynamic 15 MV photon beams supported by Gafchromic EBT3 film measurements in a realistic pelvic prosthesis phantom. Materials and methods IQM TFs for 2 × 2 to 20 × 20 cm2 15 MV photon beams produced by an Elekta Synergy linac were measured

We report the results of a study into the impact of irradiation with 0.9 MeV electrons on the main properties of 4H-SiC MOSFETs of 1.2 kV class at irradiation doses Φ within the range from 0.125 to 3 MGy (fluence F 5 × 1014 to 1.2 × 1016 cm−2). The effects of irradiation on the threshold voltage, leakage current, output characteristics, and channel electron mobility have been studied. The results obtained

It has been established that the UVTRON flame sensor (Hamamatsu) can detect alpha-induced radioluminescence, but that the presence of gamma and beta radiation both interfere with this detection. A UVTRON was placed inside a tungsten collimator and exposed to a range of radioisotopes, 210Po, 241Am, 137Cs, 90Sr and 60Co, to investigate the effect of shielding the UVTRON. The collimator is a cylinder

Carboxymethyl hyaluronic acid (CMHA) hydrogels crosslinked by radiation are ideal candidate for biocompatible materials. We have previously prepared CMHA hydrogels by radiation crosslinking in paste-like state or highly concentrated aqueous solution without the addition of any initiators or crosslinking agents. In this study, CMHAs with degree of substitution (DS) of 0.34–0.74 were synthesized. The

Neutron induced the (n, 2n) reaction cross sections of platinum isotopes (190Pt, 192Pt, 196Pt and 198Pt) were well measured by the neutron activation and off-line gamma-ray technique around neutron energy of 14 MeV. During the irradiating time, the flux fluctuation of generating neutron was monitored by accompanying α-particle, while the cross section-ratio of 90Zr (n, 2n)89Zr to 93Nb(n, 2n)92mNb reactions

Functionalized cellulose nanofiber (CNF) was enhanced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and tin oxide (SnO2) forming hybrid CNF/MWCNTs/SnO2 nanocomposite structure in the form of nonwoven fiber membrane by the aid of both electrospinning and laser ablation techniques to be used for the removal of Cu (II) ions from waste water. The confirmation and investigation of the nanocomposite membrane

Blends of high-density polyethylene, HDPE/Polytetrafluoroethylene micronized powder, rPTFE, were prepared by using a Brabender Plasticoder at 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, and 60/40 blend ratio and subjected to electron beam irradiation at doses ranging from 50 to 200 kGy. The effect of rPTFE loading and irradiation on the mechanical, gel fraction, morphological and thermal properties of the HDPE/rPTFE

The main purpose of this work present a novel method for preparation of the polypropylene/polybutadiene/polyacrylamide (PP/PB/PAM) blends induced by pre-irradiation, the grafting reaction was conducted and completed before melting of the PP, and the formed grafted polymers served as the compatibilizer to enhance uniform dispersion in the melting stage subsequently. The EPR analysis manifests that there

In this work, the x-ray induced luminescence technique was used to investigate natural and imitation rubies. The red and pink natural rubies in the present work were provided from Myanmar and Vietnam, respectively. The imitation rubies (red and pink glasses) in glass were taken from imitation jewelry company in Thailand. Optical, compositional and structural were studies to confirm the identification

From many parameters affecting ion emission angular distributions in a plasma focus device (PFD), gas pressure is a parameter highly affecting ion emissions, the mechanisms of which have yet to be further understood. In this research, effects of hydrogen gas pressure up to 100 mbar were studied on angular distributions of run-away hydrogen ions generated directly from the “anode cathodes assembly”

In this work we describe and simulate a setup which allows the X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) detection of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) excited by a convergent orthovoltage X-ray source, immersed in a big matrix of light elements (water). Under these conditions the problem is the poor Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), which under normal irradiation conditions limit the detection of the GNPs. For the X-ray source

Optical and dosimetric properties of Ti-doped (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5%) MgAl2O4 single crystals grown by the floating zone method were investigated. All Ti-doped MgAl2O4 single crystals showed photoluminescence (PL) and thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) at 470 nm. The PL decay time constant of this luminescence was approximately 6 μs, and the emission origin was ascribed to charge transfer (CT)

Brachytherapy is one of the important methods of cancer treatment. The dosimetry characterization should be performed before any possibility of the new sources is used at a clinical stage. Monte Carlo methods are best to calculate the dosimetry parameters of the radioactive sources. Therefore, dosimetry parameters of beta-emitting 142Pr radioactive source were evaluated according to the recommendations

Scattered X-rays during mammography can cause undesired increased exposure to radiation during the generation of medical images, which could cause cancer because the breast is highly sensitive to radiation. Hence, to prevent indirect radiation to the contralateral breast tissue from scattered X-rays, a lead acrylic plate has been developed that can be placed between the two breasts during mammography

Polymeric blends of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) doped with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were fabricated via casting technique, while the AuNPs were injected through the films by pulsed laser ablation technique. The obtained films were characterized using FTIR, FESEM besides optical and electrical investigations. The morphological features of the as-synthesized films show that

Realizing the probable health implications via the exposures to radionuclides released from coal-fired brick kilns, concentrations of terrestrial radionuclides in feed coal, fly- and bottom ash collected from some major coal-fired brick kilns of Southern region in Bangladesh were measured using HPGe γ-ray spectrometry. Respective mean activity concentrations (Bq kg−1) for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were

Mammography technique is based on imaging of human breast using low-x ray energies. The main purpose of mammography is to detect breast cancer and prevent deaths related to it. The breast is made up mainly of two types of tissue; one is fat and the second is glandular tissues which is the most sensitive tissue to radiation. The Mean Glandular Dose (MGD) is used to monitor the dose received by the breast

Chitosan/natural rubber-latex film (CS/NR) vulcanized by electron beam irradiation (EB) vulcanization are an alternative material with high mechanical properties and solvent resistance in a non-polar solvent. The EB vulcanization technique can crosslink between carbon molecules of NR without the use of sulfur in the crosslinking process and generates a product that is environmentally friendly with

The Institute for Advanced Medical Isotopes (IAMI) is TRIUMF's new facility dedicated to the research and production of medical isotopes. This work details the shielding requirements and radiological studies performed during the facility design. The initial design was based on the existing TR30-2 machine at TRIUMF, and then refined using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. These calculations were performed

An increasing production of drinking water and a significant amount of waste in the form of treated sludge can lead to a serious environmental problem. The high organic content in the sludge, together with the high summer temperatures, results in the enhanced activity of sludge microorganisms, causing severe can cause serious biological pollution. Also, there is a danger due to the potential presence

Using Monte Carlo methods, this study investigates energy deposition of energetic electrons and ionization in the 2019 novel coronavirus by electron irradiation, which are important characteristic quantities related with biological damage formation. The inelastic scattering of low-energy electrons (<10 keV) was calculated by dielectric theory. The optical energy-loss functions of viral proteins and

The behavior of various TL dosimeters following two different thermal treatments with temperature ranging between 50 and 230 °C, was investigated in this particular study. The thermal treatment consists of two different protocols, including a simultaneous irradiation-heating and a post irradiation heating. The dosimeters that are the subject of the present study include two different families of lithium

This paper presents the results of radiation shielding analyses performed for siting of the Interim Spent Fuel Storage Facility (ISFSF) with a view of determining what the radiation levels will be around the ISFSF when it is made up of a certain number of casks of a specific design (Radulescu et al., 2018) (Radiation Shielding Analy, 2004). It will also determine the equivalent neutron energy where

The present study was carried out to assess the effect of gamma irradiation (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 kGy) and subsequent ambient storage conditions (12 months, 32 ± 2 °C) on physcico-chemical, antinutritional, functional, microbiological and sensory properties of brown rice based weaning food. The weaning food was prepared from brown rice, mungbean, apples, and walnuts. The amino acid contents of weaning

This work investigated the gamma-shielding, mechanical, and self-healing properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels with the addition of varying bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) contents (0 wt%, 20 wt%, and 40 wt%) and particle sizes (nanoparticles and micro-particles) based on samples prepared using a one-cycle freezing/thawing method. The results indicated that the gamma-shielding properties of the hydrogels

In this study, we report optimized dosimetric characteristics of magnesium doped lithium tetraborate Li2B4O7: Mg adopting the thermoluminescence technique. The phosphor material was synthesized using a melting zone method in the stoichiometric ratio shown by Li2CO3.H2O + H3BO3 → 2Li2B4O7. The sample obtained was doped with Mg to obtain Li2B4O7: Mg at dopant concentrations of 0.05 wt %, 0.3 wt %, and

In the present work, the X-ray mass attenuation coefficients have been measured for 51Sb (a medium-Z element) at forty energies across its Li (i = 1–3) sub-shell absorption edges covering an extended energy region within 4.0 keV–14.0 keV. The aim of this study is to experimentally determine the key X-ray fundamental parameters for 51Sb with improved accuracy by using tunable energy synchrotron radiation

By applying the standard technique of co-precipitation of ferric- and ferrous salts with ammonium hydroxide in an inert atmosphere, the magnetite nano-crystallites have been prepared labelled with Auger- and internal conversion electrons, beta- and alpha-emitters (57Co, 60Co and 241Am radionuclides). It has been confirmed by the methods of both X-ray phase analysis and Absorption Mössbauer Spectroscopy

A mathematical study is analyzed to explore the impact of zero normal flux condition on boundary layer flow of Carreau-Yasuda nanofluid flow over a heated surface. In this case the mean flow does not give the analytical solution of the Navier-Stocks, temperature, and concentration equations, hence for high Reynold's number the flow of boundary-layer can be determined by non-similarity transformations

In this work, the thermoluminescence (TL) properties of mineral content in Mexican Ancho and Chipotle chilli were studied for their application in the detection of irradiated chilli. The Ancho and Chipotle chilli minerals show a complex TL glow curve with two overlapping peaks around 82 and 178 °C. Acceptable repeatability of TL measurements is obtained after ten irradiation-readout cycles. The dose-response

The proton irradiation in a PET cyclotron produces radioactive by-products with high levels of activity in the target components, which are strongly dependent on the specific parameters used in the cyclotron facility. Because the target assembly parts must be replaced periodically, external exposure to operators must be assessed. In this work, high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometry was used to determine

Novel neutron shielding material based on borated high-density polyethylene (HDPE) was prepared in this study. In order to enhance the shielding efficacy of borated HDPE, nano particles of high neutron capture cross section material i.e. of cadmium oxide (CdO) were used as neutron absorber. The CdO nano particles were prepared with composite hydroxide mediated (CHM) method and tested with X-ray diffraction

In this paper, a real-time, dynamic radiation dose exposure assessment method is presented based on point-kernel method and stylized computational human phantom, for workers in radioactive environment. The stylized computational phantom is built and transformed into a series of organ-monitoring-points, and the kerma rates free-in-air at organ-monitoring-points are calculated by the point-kernel method

Silicon PIN (p-type-intrinsic-n-type) photodiodes are well suited as particle detectors. Here the interest is on a low-cost solution by repurposing a commercial device meant to be used as a light sensor. The intended application is to measure the energy spectra of electrons scattered by thin metallic foils covering small angles close to the beam of the accelerator. The main requirements for a suitable

Previously, a high-molecular weight sericin was developed using gamma irradiation to change its molecular structure. Although the physiological activity of sericin was enhanced by gamma irradiation, its molecular weight was too high, having increased by about 400 kDa. In this study, we tried to improve the commercial applicability of sericin by optimizing the gamma irradiation dose. A sericin solution

Ensuring the integrity of the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) during the operating life of nuclear reactors is of paramount importance, and hence the harmful effects of irradiation on the steels of the RPVs have been extensively studied especially the irradiation embrittlement effects. However, improvements in the calculation methods are still necessary to further reduce the discrepancy between calculations

Background Nanomaterials have been applied as radiosensitizer in an effort to improve the effectiveness of radiotherapy in killing cancer cells while simultaneously sparing the healthy normal tissue. Increase in radiotoxicity to the cancerous region might also influence the non-targeted cells through radiation-induced bystander effect (RIBE) mechanism. In this study, we implemented Bi2O3 NPs as radiosensitizer

Calcium sulfate (CS) is a reasonable alternative to autogenous dental bone graft and is used as a bone filler or for the treatment of bone defects. Medical grade CS must be sterilized, usually by gamma-irradiation. In this study the structures of CS polymorphs, calcium sulfate dihydrate and calcium sulfate hemihydrate, have been investigated with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy,

A spreadsheet program for calculating mass attenuation coefficients and other shielding parameters was built. The program can choose its libraries from ENDF/B-VIII (EPICS2017) or ENDF/B-VI.8 (EPDL97) photoatomic cross sections. Using MS Excel extensions, cubic spline, one way spline, and linear interpolations were used on a log-log scale. Good agreements were shown between both libraries and XCOM generated

In this study, computational modeling was applied to evaluate medical and occupational exposure, to ionizing radiation, during the Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedure of a pregnant woman in the second gestational trimester. The fetal dose evaluation and the construction of a photon fluence map inside the procedure room were also performed. The medical staff and patient were

Green quartz is usually studied for low dose TL dosimetry of gamma and X radiation. The aim of the present work is the dosimetric characterization of natural green quartz in the dose range of 0.47 mGy up to 1000 mGy of gamma and X radiation. Green quartz pellets were produced by cold pressing green quartz powder. The pellets are very sensitive to gamma and X radiation with main prominent TL peak at

The thermal neutron capture cross sections of 55Mn (n,γ)56Mn reaction were measured for the first time at 0.0334 eV and 0.0536 eV energies by using a monochromatic neutron beam from TRIGA MARK-II research reactor. Neutron fluxes during the experiments were measured by using 197Au (n,γ)198Au monitor reaction. After considering all the correction factors such as neutron self-shielding and gamma-ray attenuation

This work presents the preliminary structural and dosimetric analyses of tissue-equivalent Li2B4O7:Ce pellets prepared by solid state synthesis. X-ray diffraction was performed in order to confirm the crystalline phase of Li2B4O7. The dosimetric analyses were done by exposing the pellets to a beta source and using the thermoluminescent technique. The results showed that the thermoluminescent (TL) signals

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of gamma radiation doses on storage in postharvest conservation of cherry tomatoes in relation to physicochemical characteristics. The samples of cherry tomatoes were submitted to gamma radiation from a source of Cobalt-60 type Gammacell-220 at doses of 0.25, 0.50, and 1.0 kGy and non-irradiated samples, and stored at room temperature during maturation

Modifications in the crystal properties, chemical compositions and bond contents as a result of irradiation of Yb2O3/Si structures annealed at different temperatures in the dose range of 1–50 kGy were investigated. Beside, comprehensive results on the effect of the structural changes on radiation response of the MOS capacitors produced with these structures was presented in this study. 122 nm-thick

Measurements of the volatility of iodine from irradiated iodide (I−) solutions at concentrations down to 10−9 M are reported and compared with earlier data at higher I− concentrations (10−5 – 10−4 M). There is a significant pH effect on the volatility, as observed in other studies; the effects of concentration and temperature are less important. The measured volatilities cannot be wholly accounted

A number of issues related to the inspection of large containers with bulk materials and liquids by the dual energy method are considered. A mathematical model of the inspection system has been developed, linking the parameters of the source and the bremsstrahlung detector, the test object and the inspection quality parameters. An algorithm to estimate the effective atomic number of a local inclusion

Consumption of soybean is dependent on its protein quality and texture which is influenced by protein modification. In the present study, modifications of soybean proteins were investigated by chemical analysis. Irradiation dose of 2.0 kGy resulted in reduced turbidity, surface hydrophobicity and protein oxidation, but caused increase in protein solubility and sulfhydryl contents in both the genotypes

This work reports on the characteristic of a 3D polymer gel dosimeter with poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(propylene oxide)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (Pluronic F-127) gel matrix. The dosimeter (acronym: VIP3-Pluronic F-127) comprises 4% (w/w) N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP), 4% (w/w) N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA), 4% (w/w) tert-butanol, 10 mM tetrakis (hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride (THPC) and 25%

Time, energy, and angle correlated neutrons are emitted in nuclear fission. New, physics-based fission event generators that capture these correlations have been incorporated into MCNP6.2 because correlations can impact nuclear non-proliferation and safeguards systems response. DRiFT is a detector response code that takes MCNP outputs and reproduces laboratory analogous detector quantities. Previous

Objective To characterize quantitatively a single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) system through experiments carried out on three-dimensional (3D) printed phantoms with bioinspired anatomic geometries. Materials and methods The sensitivity factor of the SPECT/CT system was obtained after correcting the image quality degrading effects. Photon attenuation correction