10 MeV proton-irradiation effects on a YBCO-based test structure were analyzed by measuring its current-voltage (IV) characteristics for different cumulated fluences. For fluences of up to ~ 80⋅109 p/cm2 no changes in the electrical behavior of the device were observed, while for a fluence of ~ 300⋅109 p/cm2 it becomes less conducting. A detailed analysis of the room temperature IV characteristics

The discovery of carbon-rich species, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and fullerenes, in the space environment is among the most intriguing findings in molecular astrophysics and astrochemistry of the recent decades. The mechanism of their formation remains unclear and the one of the key issues is related to making “first ring”, i.e., formation of benzene from simple small molecules

In this study, Al/(ZnO-PVA)/p-Si (MPS) type Schottky diodes (SDs) were produced and the radiation effects on their electrical properties were investigated using the current-voltage (I-V) measurements. The I-V measurements were performed before irradiation and after various irradiation doses in the wide voltage range (±4 V) at room temperature. To determine gamma-irradiation effects on the MPS-type

One of the main limitations during low-kV IORT (intraoperative radiotherapy) with dedicated spherical applicators is the long treatment time. Employing nanoparticles (NPs) can reduce the treatment time through increasing the absorbed dose by the irradiated volume. The current study aims to evaluate and compare the efficacy of different clinically recommended NP types in dose enhancement during low-kV

Researchers have tested the potential of various polymer composites for use in radiation shielding. They are light and non-toxic compared to Pb and have potential as shielding in diagnostic radiology where low-energy photons are predominantly used. This study documents the production of four composites using the combination of a base, i.e. high-density polyethylene (HDPE) polymer, and four other elements/compounds

The current study is intended to examine the optical, structural and photon/neutron shielding qualities of a group of different ZrO2 content doped 60B2O3 +20Bi2O3+(20-x)Li2O+xZrO2 glasses, labeled as BBLZ1, BBLZ2, BBLZ3, BBLZ4 and BBLZ5. manufactured via the melt quenching technique. The specific gravity of the glasses was boosted with increasing ZrO2 additive and molar volume exhibited the opposite

There is a permanent effort to search for natural and artificial materials with thermoluminescent properties useful for radiation dosimetry. In the aim to understand the radiation interactions with these materials, several features are determined. Here, the performance to photons and neutrons of MgB4O7:Dy and Mg2B2O5:Dy,Na were studied. The mass interaction coefficients, the linear attenuation coefficients

Secondary radiation damage caused by proton radiation therapy can affect other tissues and result in unwanted doses. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the secondary radiation doses (from scattering processes) for radiation protection issues. In this study, we simulated a proton beam in a 10 cm distance (from source-to-surface distance) was used to irradiate a hypothetical breast tumor at the

Hydrogen generation by water splitting is reported in nano-ZrO2+H2Oabs. and nano-ZrO2+H2Oflu. systems using gamma radiation at different ZrO2 particle sizes (50-70 nm) and temperatures (300-673K). The rates of molecular hydrogen (H2) formation in radiolysis process were studied in radiation-chemical process using γ-quanta (60Co, D = 0.26-0.22 Gy/s, T =300-673K, 50-70 nm) with mZrO2=3x10-2g, 0.5 mL

In this work, we present a study which tackles the stability of molecules involved in EURO-GANEX aqueous phase, the acetohydroxamic acid (AHA) and the sulphonated BTP (SO3-Ph-BTP), taking into account factors such as the known AHA hydrolysis, acidity of the media, and the radiolysis of AHA and SO3-Ph-BTP. To better understand the system, the radiolysis of AHA and SO3-Ph-BTP in HNO3 has been studied

Present study reports the influence of electronic energy deposition on sol-gel grown zinc oxide thin films with different type of microstructures for tailoring the defects induced photoluminescence properties. The microstructure of the films was modified by the controlled thermal annealing and the nature of defects were tuned by swift heavy ions (SHI) irradiations at varying ion fluences of such thin

As a common food preservation method, γ-ray irradiation can effectively improve the microbial safety of raw meat. However, the effects of irradiation decontamination on chemical hazard formation, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), in subsequent meat processing have not been studied. In this study, fresh sausage was irradiated with γ-rays at doses of 0, 1, 4, and 8 kGy, and the lipid oxidation

In recent years polyoxometalates (POMs) have attracted significant research interest due to versatile properties. These properties are determined by the size, structure and elemental composition of POMs and hence play an important role in their application. In the present study, the ion beam irradiation (10 keV C+ ions, 5×1014-2.5×1015 ions/cm2) has been utilized for modification of physicochemical

For the purpose of obtaining the lower absolute measurement limit of the air kerma in 137Cs γ-ray reference fields, a cavity chamber with a volume of 301.936(19) cm3 was designed and fabricated. The absolute measurement of the air kerma was performed at the minimum effective dose rate of the large-size cavity chamber in our 137Cs γ-ray reference field. With the help of the detailed Monte-Carlo (MC)

Metal alloys with variable lead and antimony content have been prepared using fusion technique. The prepared alloys formula is (PbxSbyCu0.15Al0.1) with [x = 0.5 - 0.3 - 0.1 - 0] and [y = 0.25 - 0.45 - 0.65 - 0.75] respectively. A comparative study was conducted to find the optimum shielding parameters for the synthesized metal alloys. In terms of total mass attenuation coefficient MAC μm, linear attenuation

Carbonated hydroxyapatite (CCaHAp) closely mimics the chemical composition of apatite found in human bone, compared to hydroxyapatite (HA). The present study aimed to prepare CCaHAp nanocomposite using a copolymer of sodium hyaluronate-polyacrylamide (poly(Hya-AAm)) hydrogel as a HA template. Here, a gamma irradiation technique was utilized for preparing poly(Hya-AAm) hydrogel. The hydrogel had a dual

The procedure of radioactive standards preparation by spiking selected matrices with a certified mixture of radionuclides and its validation is presented in this paper. The uncertainty budget of standard total activity was elaborated in details. The experimentally obtained efficiency curves, as well as comparison with the curves obtained by the efficiency transfer, are presented. Additionally, in order

Wild barnyard grass grains were ground to flour and subjected to irradiation doses of 0, 2.5 and 5 kGy. The flour was studied for physicochemical, functional and antioxidant properties. Moisture, protein, fat and ash in untreated sample were 10.0 g/100 g, 11.09 g/100 g, 1.96 g/100 g and 0.75 g/100 g. Physicochemical properties of samples varied significantly (p ≤ 0.05) upon irradiation as compared

The stabilization effects of Chlorella vulgaris (Ch) and Spirulina platensis (Sp) powders on polypropylene (PP) are investigated by isothermal and nonisothermal chemiluminescences on the degrading samples by γ-irradiation. The antioxidative protection activities were evaluated on PP containing 1 wt% additive. The antioxidant characteristics on these microalgae are discussed in respect with the progress

Radioactive materials ionize air surrounding them and produce molecules such as ozone and nitrogen oxides. Concentrations of these species above background can serve as a marker for radioactive materials and provide a means for stand-off detection of nuclear materials. Ozone is one of the primary radiolytic products in air and has a lower background level than oxides of nitrogen, so it is a molecule

In this study, Lα/Lβ1 and Lα/Lβ2 X-ray intensity ratios for gadolinium, dysprosium and erbium elements were experimentally determined. L X-ray intensity ratio measurements were gauged at several temperatures (50, 100, 50, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350 and 400 °C) using an excitation energy of 59.54 keV γ-rays emitted from a 100 mCi 241Am radioactive source. L X-ray emission spectra were detected using a

The effect of gamma radiation on the phenomenon of 90% and 98% hydrogen peroxide decomposition is described. Oxygen is the main gaseous product of radiolysis. A study conducted with the intention of using HTP as rocket - propellant. The results obtained by the gravimetric method (dose range from 500 Gy to 5 kGy) and by gas chromatography (dose range from 20 Gy to 5 kGy) were compared. Dependencies

Electron beams are a promising technology for treating a large amount of air pollutants with high energy for a fast reaction time. For these reasons, the electron beams have been employed to control NOx (NO and NO2) and SO2 generated from stationary emission sources. In recent years, NH3 was commonly added in the electron beam process to achieve a high removal performance for NOx and SO2. However,

The purpose of this study was to calculate the magnetic field correction factor kB for cylindrical ionization chambers and to examine the effect of orientations and beam energies on kB under different magnetic field strengths using Monte Carlo code TOPAS. Monte Carlo simulations were performed for NE2571, IBA FC65G, IBA FC65P and PTW31010 chambers in a water phantom using data provided by manufacturers

RadiaBeam has developed a novel, flexible linac for electrons and X-rays (FLEX) capable of energy variation from 2 to 9 MeV within a single RF pulse. This accelerator employs a robust traveling wave accelerating structure with a large energy and power acceptance that allows the unique features of deep energy and current variation required for novel adaptive cargo inspection techniques and Computed

In this research article, the radiation shielding properties of newly developed high Fe content amorphous alloys were reported. The chemical compositions of these alloys were Fe83B9C3Si4P1, Fe84B10C2Si2P, Fe85B8C3Si3P1, and Fe86B5C8P1. Monte Carlo simulation method was successfully used to study the problem of radiation propagation through theses alloys under suitable boundary conditions of vacuum

We investigated the scintillation properties of Ce:GPS (Ce:Gd2Si2O7), Pr:LuAG (Pr:Lu3Al5O12), and LYSO (Lu2(1 − x)Y2xSiO5) scintillators in high-temperature and high-radiation environments to evaluate their potential application in harsh environments. The temperature dependence of the scintillators was investigated from room temperature to 350 °C. The LYSO scintillator was very vulnerable to high temperatures

Flexible resistive switching random access memory (RRAM) device is one of the promising candidates for non-volatile memory used in space because of its features such as simple structure, high speed, low power consumption, durability and lightweight with reduction in thickness. Al-In-O/InOx self-mixing layer can be applied for flexible RRAM due to its low annealing temperature (i.e. temperatures<180 °C)

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether Flattening Filter (FF) and Flattening Filter Free (FFF) beams cause any difference on rat peripheral blood levels in a single dose (SD) and fractioned dose (FD) plans. Forty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups. No action was taken on the subjects in the control group (Group 1). FF-SD (Group 2) and FF-FD (Group 4) subjects received

Radiochromic films are one of the most suitable dosimetry tools to perform two-dimensional dose measurement and dose verification in radiotherapy. In this work, a novel polymer based radiochromic film composed of amide substituted diacetylene was developed and its various dosimetric characteristics were investigated. The amide derivative of diacetylene was synthesized and its uniform, bubble-free films

Composite materials (CM) consisting of polysiloxane rubber filled with lanthanide acetylacetonates, acetates, carboxylates and bismuth (III) and thorium (IV) fluorides were tested as X-ray shielding materials. It has been established that materials containing bismuth and thorium fluorides are superior in protective properties to the other studied materials, as well as to the convenient composites based

Photographic and cinematographic films of cellulose triacetate safeguarded in historical and cultural institutions are often contaminated by fungi when stored in inadequate conditions of humidity and temperature. The presence of fungi affects the image contained in the films, accelerates the process of biodeterioration and represents a risk to the health of people working with contaminated materials

Pr-doped GdTaO4 crystals with various Pr-concentrations were prepared using a floating zone furnace, and the photo- and radio-luminescence properties were evaluated. Pr:GdTaO4 exhibits photo- and radio-luminescence with several sharp emission peaks due to Pr3+. The decay time constants are in tens of μs order and monotonically decrease with dopant concentration, and the values are reasonable as that

3D printing techniques and materials have become widely available in the last couple of decades and remains an important topic of research as the equipments and supplements gets chipper. This study aims to evaluate the attenuation behaviour of several commercially available 3D printing filaments (ABS and PLA-based filaments and other polymers blends) over standard X-ray beams ranging from ~30 keV -

Compton spectroscopy measurements on tantalum dichalcogenide TaS0.5Se1.5 using a 100 mCi Am-241 γ-ray Compton spectrometer are presented. Experimental Compton profile (CP) is compared with those computed using linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) method within the density functional theory (DFT) and hybrid functionals of Hartree-Fock and DFT. Hybrid functional namely WC1LYP based CP is found

Thermoluminescent (TL) glow-curves of 10 different coloured Toho Japan bead types have been obtained using a Risø TL/OSL reader studied for a fading period of 6 months as well as for residual dosimetry for fading up to 16 months after irradiation. For the entirety of the delay period studied the Frosted beads showed the largest TL response followed by Pink and Rose beads. Pink beads showed the best

Paediatric computed tomography (CT) imaging though requested less than adult CT but has shown remarkable growth with raising concerns of increased radiation risk to the paediatric population. This study aims to evaluate age-based radiation dose from paediatric head CT scans at a single centre in Nigeria. This study evaluated 233 paediatric aged 0–15 years and were classified into four age groups; Group

Abstract: In this work, we evaluate the use of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) as a suitable candidate for use as a photodetector for thermoluminescence measurements. The measurements were based on the Hamamatsu S13360-series with a pixel area of 3 × 3 mm2 and microcell pitches of 25 μm, 50 μm, and 75 μm, which were mounted on a Risø TL/OSL reader system with LiF:Mg,Cu,Si chosen as the reference TL

We propose the use of 18O-enriched water as a suitable contrast agent for potential in-vivo range verification in proton therapy. The low energy production threshold of 18F (2.6 MeV, proton range in water of 115 μm) leads to tissue activation in very close proximity to the maximum dose deposition, facilitating accurate range verification with off-line PET imaging. This idea has been explored in a phantom

The impact of post-harvest treatment on the microbial quality was assessed in samples of honey produced in parts of Ghana to identify sources of contamination and understand how such contamination can be managed. Honey was sampled from three regions in Ghana: Greater Accra, Ashanti, and Brong Ahafo. For each region, honey was collected from the producer (i.e., pre- and post-processing) and the retailer

The degradation of a pinned photodiode (PPD) 8T CMOS image sensor (8T-CIS) due to total ionizing dose (TID) and displacement damage dose (DDD) have been investigated with γ-ray and proton irradiation. The dark current and its distributions were studied. We observed a significant increase in the dark current after the proton irradiation than that after the γ-ray irradiation. We observed that the peak

High energy Co-60 gamma radiation was used to graft cationic and anionic monomers onto radiation crosslinked chitosan through mutual radiation grafting technique. The absorbed dose for synthesizing adsorbent of good strength and adsorption capacity was monomer specific. The grafting extent increased with the increase in radiation dose, dose rate and monomer concentration. While a decrease in grafting

Obtaining the quality of the beam is considered one of the most important quality control issues for X-ray tubes. X-ray spectrum is a very important aspect of quality control of medical imaging devices. However it may not be measured directly due to the very high photon flux, increasing the problems of the dead time and the Pile-up effect. The purpose of this study is to use a simple, and indirect

In this study, we report the phenomenon of radioluminescence (RL) in ZnO-Eu2O3 binary oxide ceramics. RL results showed the presence of a wide emission band in the visible region centered at 530 nm and a well-defined peak at 610 nm. The emission band is originated due to energy levels created by intrinsic defects inside the bandgap of ZnO. On the other hand, the peak is related to the 5D0 → 7F2 transition

In this work, albedo parameters and effective atomic numbers of the PEDOT/carbon black (C) composites were determined by the gamma ray spectrometry. EDOT monomers were polymerized on carbon black (Cabot, Vulcan XC 72R) at room temperature. Ammonium persulphate (APS) was used as the oxidant. The primary dopants including polystyrene sulfonic acid (PSSA), p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TSA) and camphor sulfonic

In this study, ten open-cell aluminum foams with 30 mm thickness 2 pores/cm and 10 mm thickness 16 pores/cm pore sizes encoded A1-A5 and B1–B5 respectively were fabricated by filling with different mixtures which have Epoxy(60wt%)-B2O3(20wt%)-CeO2(15wt%)-(BaO, Cr2O3, WO3, Bi2O3, TiO2) (5wt%) chemical compositions. At first, gamma transmission measurements of the manufactured samples were achieved employing

In the present study dried apple chips packed in polyethylene packs were gamma irradiated in the dose range of 1.0–3.0 kGy. Irradiated samples including control were stored under ambient (10±2–15 ± 2 °C, RH 60–70%) conditions and evaluated at intervals of 2 months for physico-chemical, sensory and microbial quality parameters. Results revealed that dose levels of 2.5 kGy and 3.0 kGy proved significantly

A Windows-based application software called EpiXS (available at https://www.pnri.dost.gov.ph/index.php/downloads/software/epixs) was constructed for photon attenuation, dosimetry and shielding, and is based on EPICS2017 of ENDF/B-VIII and EPDL97 of ENDF/B-VI.8. The software performs data library interpolation between 1 keV and 100 GeV and calculates partial or total cross sections (σ), mass attenuation

The present work investigates the potential use of luminescent materials in tandem systems for diagnostic radiology. MgB4O7:Ce,Li (MBO) (Zeff = 8.1), borate glass (80–20MBO) (Zeff = 8.3) and Al2O3:C (Zeff = 10.9) are tested as optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) detectors. The first part of this work evaluates the energy response of the detectors exposed to standard radiation qualities, followed

An adsorbent containing glycidolized poly(vinylamine) ligand with a remarkably high boron selectivity was prepared by modification of fibrous polyethylene/polypropylene (PE/PP) nonwoven sheet by radiation induced grafting (RIG) of N-vinylformamide (NVF) followed by hydrolysis and subsequent functionalization with glycidol. The variation of the absorbed dose and monomer concentration was used to control

In this work bovine hides were treated with 25, 35 and 50 kGy in a Gamma Chamber 5000 self-shielded research irradiator and the influence of radiation dose on hide microbiological load, collagen crosslinking, interfibrillary substances solubility by shrinkage temperature and soluble nitrogen was evaluated in comparison with crude hide and sodium chloride treated hides (raw hides). Pilot level experiments

A new user-friendly software called MRCsC was developed to accurately and precisely predict macroscopic effective removal cross-section, ΣR, (in cm−1) of fast neutrons for different shielding materials. The program includes a revised calculation model and the latest data published by Evaluated Nuclear Data Library “ENDF/B-VIII”. Experimental data and NXCom results were used to comparatively and statistically

In many industrial applications, the characteristics of wood are of considerable importance to investigate its composition for several needs in the interest of mankind. This work is based on the use of gamma photons for examining the variety of common woods with density range 0.1722–0.7028 g/cm3. The FLUKA Monte Carlo code has been explored for this purpose in scattering geometry with primary gamma

A model to determine the dose rate of a planar alpha-emitting surface has been developed. The approach presented is a computationally efficient mathematical model using stopping range data from the Stopping Ranges of Ions in Matter (SRIM) software. The alpha dose rates as a function of distance from irradiated UO2 spent fuel surfaces were produced for benchmarking with previous modelling attempts.

A portable removable detection device was developed based on the tagged neutron method with ING-27 neutron generator and two LYSO gamma detectors. This system was designed to detect explosives hidden in the package with strong interferences such as milk powder and detergent. The structure design of the system was modeled and calculated by using the MCNP5 code. The gamma spectra were tested and simulated

Development of new radiopharmaceuticals is carried out on a small animal such as a mouse. With the aim to well-assess internal absorbed dose reaching various organs of a mouse, physical quantities defined by MIRD methodology known as specific absorbed fractions (SAFs) were evaluated using a voxelized mouse phantom. In our study, in order to provide more accurate photon SAFs, we used recent chemical

Biapenem is parenteral carbapenem antibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity. The objective of the study was to confirm that β -radiation irradiation with electron beam with a delivered dose of 25 kGy allows to obtain a sterile biapen, characterized by unchanged physicochemical and microbiological properties. Biological and chemical changes of biapenem were only observed when 400 kGy was used (the

The sealed neutron tube with drive-in target has good stability and long service lifetime. Alloying and overcoating a protective layer on target can effectively overcome the inherent defects of pure titanium target. The neutron yield of neutron tube hit by deuterium tritium mixed beam on pure titanium target was measured experimentally. The calculation value by SRIM is in good agreement with the existing

The paper describes the preliminary studies regarding development of a new polymeric track detector known as poly (SDAC-co-ADC-co-APCC) for rapid detection of thermal neutrons induced alpha tracks. The polymeric detector with different percentages of natural boron (1–5%) content is prepared by cast copolymerization of Allyl Diglycol Carbonate (ADC) with Allyl Propargyl Carbonate Carborane (APCC) and

We investigated the potential use of two new borate matrices for quality assurance (QA) tests in radiotherapy. Both matrices, MgB4O7:Ce, Li (MBO) and Ce-doped 80MgB2O4–20MgB4O7 (80-20MBO), were doped with 0.5% cerium oxide. The following dosimetric properties of these materials prepared as pellets were tested: optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) sensitivity, dose response, fading, reproducibility