This paper presents new optical solitons of a fractal Fokas–Lenells equation that models the dynamics of optical fibers. The Painlevé technique is employed to identify kink soliton solutions. The constraint conditions guarantee the existence of these solitons. The outcomes of this research give new solutions that are not achieved using some already defined algorithms. The derived method is efficient

The structural evolutionary behaviors of AgN3 have been studied by using the particle swarm optimization structure search method combined with the density functional theory. One stable high-pressure metal polymeric phase with the P1¯ space group is suggested. The enthalpy difference analysis indicates that the Ibam-AgN3 phase will transfer to the I4/mcm-AgN3 phase at 4.7 GPa and then to the P1¯-AgN3

ABSTRACT Crystallite-size-dependent lattice expansion of the hcp Ti phase has been observed by X-ray diffraction of polycrystalline Ti thin films. X-ray line profile analysis (XLPA) revealed a systematic reduction of crystallite size in the hcp Ti phase with decreasing film thickness. Increase of specific volume (i.e. volume/atom) of the hcp Ti phase with decreasing crystallite size has confirmed such

ABSTRACT Polarisation vortex structures in ferroelectric materials are being considered as a promising alternative to current memory cells due to the merit of high storage density. However, ferroelectric storage devices would inevitably be affected by external loads. When an applied mechanical or electrical load reaches its critical value, it could cause the loss of stored data because the polarisation

With the investigation of 2D monolayer, there is intensive study on ultra-small sized 1D nanomaterials such as nanoribbons, nanowires and nanoflakes etc. Here we have systematically elucidated the spin-dependent, shape and size dependent structural, electronic and magnetic properties of two transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) nanoflakes namely: CrmSn and CrmSen using density functional theory. Here

The paper derives an exact solution for a two-qubit system coupling to a quantized cavity field driven by two different types of external fields when the cavity is initially in a coherent field state. The two-qubit quantum coherence via the Jensen–Shannon divergence and the two-qubit entanglement via the negativity are investigated under the effects of the physical parameters. The results are depicted

We investigate Andreev reflection properties contributed by the Majorana doublets, by introducing two ferromagnetic leads coupled to the ends of the time-reversal-invariant topological superconducting nanowire. It is found that the local and crossed Andreev reflections are influenced by the polarization strengths and directions in the ferromagnetic leads. This directly leads to the dependence of the

Density of Al86Ni4Co4R6 (R = Nd, Gd, Yb) glass-forming alloys was studied using the absolute variant of gamma-absorption method. It was found that these alloys have a wide interval of two-phase zone and non-classic way of density transformations from solid to liquid state. The temperatures of solidus, liquidus, intermediate reactions were obtained by DTA as well as relative changes of density from

We report the optical response of a periodic square array of GaAs nanowires embedded in epoxy as a candidate for photovoltaic solar cells. The simulated system is a multilayer array constituted by alternating layers of epoxy and an effective medium constituted by GaAs nanowires arrays embedded in epoxy. To discuss the optical response, we investigate the reflectance dependence on the number of bilayers

In this article, we investigate the existence and the behavior of electronic states located in the band gap of Multi-Quantum Wells (MQWs) disturbed by two layers of defects. The MQWs consist of two periodic semiconductor materials (GaAs∕Ga1−xAlxAs∕GaAs), and the whole structure is sandwiched between two GaAs substrates of the same nature. We use the formalism of the interface response theory to study

Physical properties and stress analysis of Si layers embedded in bi-layer periodic Mo/Si and W/Si multilayer mirrors operating in extreme ultraviolet and X-ray region of wavelengths were investigated by Raman scattering. The study showed that alternate Si layers in these multilayers were exist in the amorphous phase. This was determined from the peak shift and linewidth of the transverse optical (TO)

In this paper, ZnSe films were prepared on quartz substrates by selenizing as-sputtered zinc films at different temperatures for 6 h. The crystal structure, morphology, microscopic defects and optical properties of the ZnSe films were characterized by XRD, SEM, Raman spectroscopy, UV–visible spectrophotometer and slow positron beam Doppler broadening spectroscopy, respectively. The results showed that

X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Raman scattering, Cathodoluminescence measurements (CL) and Photoluminescence (PL) were employed to characterize the structure and optical properties of Dysprosium (Dy) and Europium (Eu) implanted GaN films grown by MOCVD. For GaN: Dy3+ samples, Dy3+ implantation leads to strain and radiation damage increasing with Dy3+ implanted fluence. From the CL spectra, the characteristic

In this paper, an elliptical resonator coupled to a straight metal-insulator-metal waveguide through a silicon layer is used for sensing application. The finite-difference time-domain method is used for the numerical investigation of the proposed structure. Such a structure demonstrates a multi resonance mode in the transmission spectrum. Based on the obtained results, the sensitivity can be reached

In this paper, we discuss the optimal DC magnetron sputtering deposition conditions needed to obtain low resistivity Molybdenum (Mo) thin films for high-temperature (800 °C) microheater applications. The influence of Ar gas pressure (2–10 mTorr), sputtering power (80–160 W), and annealing temperature (200–1000 °C) on the resistivity and adhesive properties of Mo thin films were investigated. The structural

Different growth stages of Penicillium notatum, P. purpurogenum and P. aculeatum were evaluated for their potential for zirconium nanoparticle (Zr-NP) biosynthesis by total protein content assay. Fungal secreted protein concentrations for all three species were higher at deceleration phase. For optimizing biosynthesis conditions with respect to Zr-NP size, different pH values and ZrCl4 concentrations

In this paper, the electronic and optical properties of the armchair and zigzag As2GeTe nanotubes are investigated. Calculations have been performed using QUANTUM-ESPRESSO computational package, which is based on the density functional theory and pseudopotential technique. The strain and formation energies computed for the equal diameter of the two armchair and zigzag systems are almost the same and

The structural, electronic, magnetic, elastic and thermoelectric properties of full-Heusler alloys Co2ZrZ (Z = Al, Si, Ga and Sn) are investigated using the augmented plane wave method (FP-LAPW) based on the framework of spin density functional theory. The term of the exchange and correlation potential (XC), is treated by the generalized gradient approximation GGA and Trans-Blaha-modified Becke–Johnson

Two-dimensional (2D) materials with Dirac cones, which show a linear band character near the Fermi level, exhibit many novel properties. Here, based on first-principles calculations, the 2D phosphorus carbide (PC5) monolayer has been studied systematically. The stability is examined by calculating formation energy, phonon dispersion, and elastic constants as well as by performing the ab initio molecular

A comprehensive study on the effects of structural phase transitions (from -190°C to 80°C) on hysteresis in air-processed methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) thin-film transistors (TFTs) is presented. The polarization effect of ordered MA+ ions and the migration of iodine ions are found to be the main causes of hysteresis in the orthorhombic (< -100°C) and tetragonal (from -100°C to 50°C) phases, respectively

Phase transition plays a key role in electrocaloric effect, but first-order ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition always occurs far above room temperature, which heavily limits the practical application. Here we focus on the orthorhombic-tetragonal first-order ferroelectric-ferroelectric phase transition (@288 K) in <011>-oriented barium titanate single crystal. Ferroelectric properties under

CoO nanomaterials are identified as potential visible light driven photocatalyst. However, they suffer from the rapid deactivation derived from the aggregation and thermo-induced oxidation of CoO. Herein, a facile and scalable strategy is proposed to effective inhibit the aggregation and oxidation of CoO via the construction of 2D/2D amorphous CoO (a-CoO)/g-C3N4(CN) nanotubular heterojunction. The

Ion migration has a significant influence on perovskite solar cells (PSCs), such as inducing hysteresis and long-term instability problems. Mixed-composition PSCs demonstrated less hysteresis and better long-term stability. Nevertheless, the influence of cation and anion migration on reduced hysteresis and better long-term stability in mixed-composition PSCs is still poorly understood. Here, the ion

The impact of the interfacial hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) layer between the channel and ionic liquid (IL) on the IL-gated two dimensional (2D) rhenium disulfide (ReS2) field effect transistor (FET) is investigated. Through electrical DC and low frequency noise (LFN) characterization, it is found that the interfacial h-BN layer enhances mobility and lower noise level of the device due to suppressed

The effect of antisite defects and their density on monolayer hexagonal boron nitride is discussed in detail in this paper. We set up different supercell sizes to simulate different defect densities. All structures containing antisites are fully optimized. It is indicated that the high density of antisite defects leads to the instability of the B-B bond. The influence of supercell size on lattice structure