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Shear horizontal mode surface acoustic wave resonator with ultra-high electromechanical coupling based on the X-cut LNOI acoustic platform Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Tiancheng Luo, Qibin Zeng, Weifan Cai, Zhi Shiuh Lim, Shengwei Zeng, Samantha Faye Duran Solco, Zhen Ye, Chee Kiang Ivan Tan, Seeram Ramakrishna, Huajun Liu
Shear horizontal surface acoustic wave resonators (SH-SAWRs) based on lithium niobate thin films on insulator (LNOI) platforms exhibit high electromechanical coupling and hold significant potential for applications in devices operating at frequencies exceeding gigahertz (GHz). This work presents the SH-SAWR with a resonance frequency of 2 GHz and high effective electromechanical coupling coefficient
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Thermal transport and accommodation coefficient at the air–MoS2 interface Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Dongsheng Li, Xiaona Huang, Dezhao Huang, Nan Zhang, Dongmei Liao, Zhaofu Zhang, Shijing Wu, Yanan Yue
Heat conduction between air molecules and solid interfaces is substantial for thermal management in nanoelectronics devices. Such a process, governed by collisions between air molecules and the surface, is ascribed to the thermal accommodation coefficient (TAC). However, quantifying the TAC in miniaturized devices remains a significant challenge due to the limitation of measuring at small scales. Here
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Spray solution combustion synthesis of undoped Ca3Co4O9: High thermoelectric performance through grain orientation and moderate texture Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Stanislav Yurlov, Evgeniya Chernyshova, Ksenia Stepanova, Sergey Yudin, Xianli Su, Dmitry Moskovskikh, Vladimir Khovaylo, Sergey Roslyakov
Undoped Ca3Co4O9 was synthesized using spray solution combustion synthesis (SSCS) and consolidated through spark plasma sintering (SPS), resulting in a microstructure with moderate texturing [maximum Lotgering factor of 0.35 for the (004) plane] and strongly elongated, densely packed grains oriented perpendicular to the pressing direction. The presence of texture mainly influences the electrical conductivity
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Optical identification and anti-counterfeiting based on plasmonic core–shell nanoparticles with Fano resonance Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Nga Vu, Mohamed Farhat, Chien-Hao Liu, Pai-Yen Chen
Fano resonance with an asymmetric and ultrasharp resonant line shape has been extensively studied in various light scattering scenes, unlocking several applications for sensing, information processing, and optical identification. Fano resonance appearing in multilayered nanoparticles (NPs) is particularly intriguing as its sharp and comb-like resonant line shape may enable optical identification at
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Frequency-multiplexed terahertz multiple vortex beam generation Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-16 Yu Tokizane, Mathias Hedegaard Kristensen, Seigo Ohno, Jérôme Degert, Eric Freysz, Etienne Brasselet, Takeshi Yasui, Emmanuel Abraham
We propose a simple method to generate a frequency-multiplexed terahertz multiple vortex beam using a spiral phase plate and a metallic mask. Using a broadband terahertz source, we experimentally demonstrate the conversion of a terahertz Gaussian beam into a frequency-multiplexed single or multiple vortex beam with topological charges ranging from 1 to 3, which is supported by simulations. This multifunctional
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Dilute MnBi2Te4-alloying enables high-performance GeTe thermoelectrics Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-15 Dan Zhang, Hongli Wang, Jiandong Liu, Manzhe Zhao, Guannan Liu, Junyou Yang, Yubo Luo, Shufang Wang
As an attractive lead-free thermoelectric material, GeTe has gained widespread interest. However, the extremely high hole concentration seriously limits the thermoelectric performance of pristine GeTe. In this work, dilute MnBi2Te4-alloying is utilized to synergically optimize electrical- and thermal-transport properties of GeTe for thermoelectric performance improvement. It can not only decrease the
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Dynamic modulation of dual-band nonreciprocal radiation in a graphene–Weyl semimetal plasmonic structure Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-15 Ye Ming Qing, Jiao Liu, Zhaoyan Yang, Yue Gou, Liang Wei Wu, Jun Wu
We introduce and develop a hybrid structure combining graphene and Weyl semimetal that is capable of achieving dynamically adjustable dual-band nonreciprocal radiation. The results reveal that the nonreciprocal radiation can be attributed to the synergistic interaction between resonance mode excitation and the unique properties of Weyl materials, with the electric field distribution providing further
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Enhanced electrical stability in IGZO TFTs through passivation effects of PTFE in the back-channel layer Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-15 Jae Won Na, Kunho Moon, I. Sak Lee, Kyungho Park, Hwa Seon Kim, Si Joon Kim, Hyun Jae Kim
This research proposes a selective polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) doping strategy to enhance the electrical stability of indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs). In contrast to conventional single-layer PTFE-doped IGZO TFTs, which increase electrical stability but face a trade-off with reduced mobility due to the uniform distribution of PTFE throughout the layer, this strategy
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Low threshold InAs-based interband cascade lasers with room temperature lasing wavelengths near 4 and 4.4 μ m Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-15 Jinglong Xie, Yuzhe Lin, Shihao Zhu, Yuan Ma, Xinkai Liu, Wanhua Zheng, Rui Q. Yang, Hong Lu
Mid-infrared laser spectroscopy at wavelengths of 4–5 μm is important for the detection of greenhouse gases, including CO2 at 4.23 μm, N2O at 4.45 μm, and CO at 4.60 μm, with ultra-high sensitivity and selectivity. It can be used in environmental monitoring, real-time industrial process controls, medical diagnosis/therapeutics, and other applications. In this work, we report significant advances in
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Microalloying suppresses the formation of ultrastable Ce-based bulk metallic glasses Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-15 Y. Zhao, B. Zhang, K. Sato, Wei-Hua Wang
Microalloying has been widely used to enhance the glass-forming ability and stability of metallic glasses. However, this study reveals that microalloying can effectively suppress the formation of ultrastable states in Ce-based bulk metallic glasses. Over a decade of natural aging at room temperature, thermal relaxation was accompanied by the shrinkage of Ce-rich vacancy-sized open spaces driven by
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Optimizing spin polarization in quantum dot vertical-gain structures through pump wavelength selection Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-15 Najm Alhosiny, Sami S. Alharthi, James Doogan, Edmund Clarke, Thorsten Ackemann
Spintronic applications require an efficient injection of spin-polarized carriers. We study the maximally achievable spin polarization in InAs quantum dots in a vertical-cavity gain structure to be used in telecoms-wavelength vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting lasers via measurement of the Stokes parameter of the photoluminescence emission around 1290 nm. Using five pump wavelengths between
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Suppression of indium out-diffusion during molecular beam epitaxy growth of CdTe on InSb substrates Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-15 Tyler T. McCarthy, Zheng Ju, Allison M. McMinn, Xin Qi, Fikri Aqariden, Pok-Kai Liao, Pradip Mitra, Yong-Hang Zhang
While HgCdTe remains the workhorse material for high-performance infrared (IR) detectors, there is still an ever-increasing demand for devices with lower costs and minimal defect densities. Epitaxial HgCdTe is typically grown on either low-cost Si substrates utilizing a CdTe virtual substrate with a large lattice mismatch or high-cost bulk CdZnTe substrates. Although high-quality CdTe epilayers can
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Study of Au doping processing for high quality extrinsic doped n on p HgCdTe detector Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-15 Dapeng Jin, Zhikai Gan, Songmin Zhou, Xi Wang, Quanzhi Sun, Xun Li, Liqi Zhu, Chun Lin
Au, the most pivotal dopant in n-on-p HgCdTe technology, exhibits intricate interactions with Hg vacancy. Understanding this interaction is essential for the fabrication of Au-doped HgCdTe infrared detectors. In this study, we examined the diffusion properties of Au atoms in vacancy-doped HgCdTe utilizing secondary ion mass spectrometry and variable-temperature Hall measurements. The results indicate
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Oriented nanocrystalline silicon oxide contact enables excellent passivation for silicon solar cells Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-15 Yang Li, Xiyang Geng, Yuhe Zheng, Yonglin Ye, Min Li, Xuying Duan, Junhua Xu, Ruilong Zhang, Shaohua Liu, Wenkai Zhou, Xingliang Li, Liting Wang, Guoping Huang, Feng Zhu
Silicon oxide (SiOx) is often used to provide powerful passivation for the crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells; however, conventional SiOx passivated contacts are typically amorphous and defective, with low electrical conductivity. In this study, we introduce a sol-crystallization induction (SCI) method that enables the growth of compact, less defective, and vertically oriented SiOx (v-SiOx) passivated
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Angle-dependent multifunctional metasurfaces for wave diffusing under oblique incident angles Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-15 Keyu Li, Changhui Shen, Hongchen Chu, Yun Lai
Incident-angle-dependent wavefront manipulation, especially in transmission, is highly desired in the realm of electromagnetic waves. In this work, we demonstrate a unique type of angle-dependent multifunctional metasurfaces (ADMMs) that exhibit distinct wavefront control functionalities under illumination at different incident angles. The ADMMs are composed of two kinds of transmissive meta-atoms
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Analyzing the capacity fading mechanism in high-capacity Cr8O21 as a cathode material for Li-ion batteries Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-15 Baozhen Sun, Yi Yan, Bo Xu, Haimei Luo, Musheng Wu, Shuying Zhong, Chuying Ouyang
The capacity fading mechanism of Cr8O21 remains unclear owing to the lack of reliable evidence. To elucidate the source of capacity loss, we investigated the structures, the structural evolution process, and phase transitions of lithiated Cr8O21 (LixCr8O21) using first-principles calculations. On the one hand, we found that LixCr8O21 adopts a sandwich structure at low Li content but exhibits a rock
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Optical and electrical readout of diamond NV centers in dependence of the excitation wavelength Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-15 Lina M. Todenhagen, Martin S. Brandt
Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond can be read out optically or electrically. To better understand the physics of their internal electronic transitions as well as ionization and recharging, we study the spin contrast observed in both readout methods as a function of the excitation wavelength for both single NV centers and ensembles. While the optical readout works best between 525 and 550 nm
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Optimization of HWCVD-grown i-a-Si:H films through synergistic adjustment of hydrogen dilution ratio and hot-wire temperature Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-15 Hongchen Meng, Xiaoyuan Wu, Guanfa Zhong, Lang Zhou
Growth of intrinsic hydrogenated amorphous silicon (i-a-Si:H) films in silicon heterojunction solar cells employing hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) technology does have cost advantages, yet related studies remain insufficient. To explore the potential of this technology, we investigate the synergistic effects of hydrogen dilution ratio and hot-wire temperature on film structure, passivation
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Acoustic selective skin effect in a coupled ring lattice Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-15 Yun-Kai Liu, Feng Gao, Peng Wu, Yu-Gui Peng, Bo Song, Xue-Feng Zhu
The exploration of non-Hermitian effects is essential for advancing both the theoretical understanding and practical applications of fundamental physics, and has garnered significant attention in the past few decades. The non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE), when combined with other physical mechanisms, enables flexible and intriguing manipulation of wave transport. Recent theoretical study demonstrates
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Oxygen migration impact on ferroelectric evolution in Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 devices Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-15 Chih-Yu Teng, Chia-Wei Hsu, Chia-Hua Chang, Jheng-Lin Yang, Bi-Hsuan Lin, Mau-Tsu Tang, Yuan-Chieh Tseng
Ionic migration in Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 (HZO) films play a crucial role in shaping the ferroelectric (FE) properties of HZO, although the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. We employed in situ extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), a highly challenging technique due to its sensitivity to subtle changes in atomic coordination, to track real-time variations in the local atomic environment
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Complex-valued Tellegen response Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-15 Fedor Nutskii, Eduardo Barredo-Alamilla, Maxim A. Gorlach
We consider a medium exhibiting nonreciprocal magneto-electric effect known as Tellegen response captured by the equations of axion electrodynamics. Here, we investigate the implications of the complex-valued Tellegen response, discuss the conditions for its emergence and possible material realizations outlining a route to its experimental identification from the Stokes parameters of the reflected
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High breakdown voltage normally off Ga2O3 transistors on silicon substrates using GaN buffer Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-15 Mritunjay Kumar, Vishal Khandelwal, Dhanu Chettri, Ganesh Mainali, Glen Isaac Maciel García, Zuojian Pan, Xiaohang Li
Normally off beta-phase gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3) metal-oxide field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) on GaN-on-Si substrates were fabricated with a threshold voltage (VTH) of 3 V. β-Ga2O3 thin films were deposited using pulsed laser deposition. The device demonstrated an excellent breakdown voltage of ∼540 V at VGS = 0 V and an extremely low gate leakage current of ∼10−7 mA/mm. Additionally, it exhibited
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Double-layer LiNbO3 longitudinally excited shear wave resonators with ultra-large electromechanical coupling coefficient and spurious-free performance Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-15 Zhen-Hui Qin, Hao Yan, Chen-Bei Hao, Shu-Mao Wu, Hua-Yang Chen, Sheng-Nan Liang, Si-Yuan Yu, Yan-Feng Chen
This work proposes a double-layer lithium niobate (LiNbO3) longitudinally excited shear wave resonator with an ultra-large electromechanical coupling coefficient(keff2). When the rotation of the two films is different by a certain angle, the resonator will obtain the keff2 exceeding 55%, RaR close to 26%, and no spurious mode. This ultra-large keff2 is much larger than all LiNbO3 acoustic resonators
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Stochastic neuron based on dual-free-layer magnetic tunnel junction Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-13 Renjuan Luo, Shuhui Liu, Like Zhang, Yujie Wang, Zhenhao Liu, Yanxiang Luo, Bin Fang, Zhongming Zeng
In this Letter, we present a stochastic neuron implemented based on a dual-free-layer magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ). The device exhibits a stochastic switching behavior by utilizing coupled degrees of freedom and dynamic oscillation induced by spin transfer torque in both free magnetic layers. The stochasticity can be effectively modulated by an external magnetic field and bias current. Furthermore
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A CIPS-based negative capacitance field-effect transistor biosensor with extended-gate structure Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-13 Caizhen Su, Haojie Zhao, Jiawen Yan, Yixuan Zou, Peng Li
Biosensors based on field-effect transistor (FET) have advantages of label-free detection, rapid response, small size, and good compatibility with semiconductor manufacturing process. However, their sensitivities are limited by the Boltzmann distribution of electrons. Negative capacitance effect has the potential to address this challenge. Here, we realize two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) heterojunction
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Digital terahertz communication with Rydberg-atom-based coherent photon conversion Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-13 Xiaoliang Zuo, Qingbin Li, Danyang Li, Haiteng Wu, Jiteng Sheng, Haibin Wu
We experimentally demonstrate digital communications in the terahertz (THz) band using a rubidium vapor cell as a quantum receiver. We utilize amplitude modulation to encode digital information in THz photons, which are coherently upconverted to optical photons via a Rydberg six-wave-mixing process. We achieve a data transmission rate of up to 1.16 Mbit/s and a tunable bandwidth of up to 142 MHz near
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A solid electrolyte containing fast lithium-ion transport channels constructed from heterointerfaces Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-13 Yongli Song, Yan Zhao, Qinghe Zhao, Luyi Yang, Fen Qiao, Chao Xin, Junfeng Wang
As a fundamental component of solid-state lithium metal batteries, the design of solid-state electrolytes and the investigation of Li-ion transport mechanisms have consistently been prominent areas of research in the field of solid-state batteries. In this manuscript, we present a solid-state electrolyte composed of Li3ErCl6 and AlCl3. The ion conductivity of this solid electrolyte is measured at 1
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Domain wall scattering determining the transmittance of transparent ferroelectric crystals Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-13 Zixiang Xiong, Jian Zhu, Jiaxin Ma, Kexin Zhang, Yongcheng Zhang, Jianyi Liu
Transparent ferroelectric materials have been attracting enormous attention due to their simultaneously ultrahigh transparency and piezoelectricity, which are highly desirable for electro-optical-mechanical devices. However, it is very challenging to achieve excellent optical transparency in ferroelectric materials because of the severe light scattering of the domain wall. Here, a domain wall scattering
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Enhancement of high-harmonic generation from 2D materials by distributed Bragg reflector Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-13 Xuyang Liu, Wenqing Li, Wei He, Sen Qiao, Chao Guan, Shiqi Liang, Kai Wang, Lu Xu, Xiaosong Zhu, Pengfei Lan, Peixiang Lu
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have the advantages of strong optical nonlinear response, negligible harmonic absorption, and easy fulfillment of the phase-matching condition and are considered as attractive materials for high-harmonic generation (HHG). However, the high-harmonic yield is limited by the short light–matter interaction length. Here, we demonstrate the enhancement
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Band structure evolution from kagome to Lieb under periodic driving field Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-13 Gulshan Kumar, Shashikant Kumar, Prakash Parida
We theoretically investigate the light-induced transition of the kagome quasienergy spectrum into a Lieb-like spectrum under periodic driving fields. We develop a general framework for calculating renormalized hopping potentials, which is applicable to any two-dimensional lattice with arbitrary field polarizations. By implementing this framework on a kagome lattice driven by a linearly polarized light
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Metal oxide photoelectric synaptic transistor with CeOx floating gate and its application in neuromorphic computing Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-13 Guangtan Miao, Liuyue Shan, Yao Dong, Zezhong Yin, Ranran Ci, Guoxia Liu, Fukai Shan
Photoelectric synaptic transistors (PSTs) based on metal oxide semiconductors (MOSs) have shown promising applications in visual perception and photonic computing. However, the response range of the PST is limited in the ultra-violet region due to the wide bandgap of the MOS. Herein, a visible light-driven InGaZnO PST based on CeOx floating gate is presented. The optical response of the PST is improved
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Oxygen plasma induced improvement of contact resistance and mobility of tellurium field-effect transistor Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-13 Jinwei Hu, Bosen Wang, Xingyun Li, Ming Yuwen, Bo Zhang, Lianying Zhu, Jun Xu, Deyi Fu, Rong Zhang
Two-dimensional tellurium (Te) has been intensely studied in recent years due to its outstanding electrical properties and excellent air stability. Simple and effective contact engineering is highly desirable to further improve its device performance. In this work, we demonstrate a simple strategy to largely improve the metal–Te contact quality by forming an ultrathin tellurium oxide layer in the contact
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Magnetic response induced by charge doping in two-dimensional magnetic Cr2TiC2O2 MXene Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-13 Fei Shi, Huaiyuan Zhao, Shaozheng Zhang, Jianhui Yang
Charge doping in two-dimensional materials, particularly in Cr-based MXene, a high spin-polarized material, induces magnetic responses that have significant potential for spintronic device applications. The practical application of these response mechanisms in this field is contingent upon their comprehension. In this study, first-principles calculations are implemented to investigate the influence
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MoS2-based transistor with asymmetric Schottky contacts for self-powered broadband photodetection and visual synapse Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-13 Xianjun Zhang, Hangyu Li, Peihong Song, Yu Qin, Pengfei Hou
The Schottky interface in metal–semiconductor contacts significantly affects and even dominates the performance of semiconductor devices. Therefore, accurately characterizing and regulating the Schottky barrier at the interface is of great research significance. In this report, the Au/MoS2/Ag transistor is fabricated by using an asymmetric electrode configuration. Under 405 nm light illumination, a
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Field-free perpendicular magnetization switching of low critical current density at room temperature in TaIrTe4/ferromagnet heterostructures Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-13 Lujun Wei, Pai Liu, Jincheng Peng, Yanghui Li, Lina Chen, Ping Liu, Feng Li, Wei Niu, Fei Huang, Jiaju Yang, Shuang Zhou, Yu Lu, Tianyu Liu, Jiarui Chen, Weihao Wang, Jian Zhang, Jun Du, Yong Pu
Spin–orbit torque-induced perpendicular magnetization switching has attracted much attention due to the advantages of nonvolatility, high density, infinite read/write counts, and low power consumption in spintronic applications. To achieve field-free deterministic switching of perpendicular magnetization, additional magnetic field, magnetic layer assistance, or artificially designed structural symmetry
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A dual-band programmable metasurface for terahertz beam steering Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-12 Yucheng Xu, Tingzi Zhao, Guanyu Chen, Aoxuan Liu, Zhiqin Huang, Jingbo Wu, Caihong Zhang, Biaobing Jin, Jian Chen, Peiheng Wu, Kebin Fan
Terahertz programmable metasurfaces hold significant promise for next-generation communications due to their capability to steer electromagnetic waves. However, most existing terahertz metasurfaces operate at only a single frequency, leaving much of the vast terahertz spectrum underutilized. In this study, we introduce a “butterfly” programmable dual-band metasurface, integrated with liquid crystals
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Performance evaluation of a diamond quantum magnetometer for biomagnetic sensing: A phantom study Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-12 Naota Sekiguchi, Yuta Kainuma, Motofumi Fushimi, Chikara Shinei, Masashi Miyakawa, Takashi Taniguchi, Tokuyuki Teraji, Hiroshi Abe, Shinobu Onoda, Takeshi Ohshima, Mutsuko Hatano, Masaki Sekino, Takayuki Iwasaki
We employ a dry-type phantom to evaluate the performance of a diamond quantum magnetometer with a high sensitivity of about 6 pT/Hz from the viewpoint of practical measurement in biomagnetic sensing. The dry phantom is supposed to represent an equivalent current dipole (ECD) generated by brain activity, emulating an encephalomagnetic field. The spatial resolution of the magnetometer is evaluated to
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Large strain with low hysteresis and its contributions in Sm-doped PYN-PMN-PT piezoceramics via MPB regulation Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-12 Pu Wang, Yiyi Wang, Laijun Liu, Wenchao Tian, Tao Zhang, Jing Shi, Xiao Liu
Piezoelectric ceramics play a critical role in precision-driven applications; however, achieving high-strain performance often comes at the cost of increased hysteresis and compromised thermal stability. This study reports on 1.5 mol. % Sm3+-doped 0.16PYN-0.52PMN-0.32PT ceramics, with a phase structure situated near the morphotropic phase boundary, which exhibit significantly enhanced piezoelectric
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Zero-spacing waveguide array acoustic circuit based on superimposed Mie resonator Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-12 Yumin Zhou, Jun Lan, Yifeng Li, Xiaozhou Liu, Hao Wang
Cladding layer between acoustic waveguides, widely used in acoustic circuits, can prevent crosstalk between waveguides. Here a superimposed Mie resonator (SMR) with anisotropic spatial dispersion is proposed as an adjustable unit to realize cladding-free acoustic circuit. The SMR is formed by overlapping two conventional Mie resonators. By analyzing the complementary waveguide modes between the SMRs
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Defect relaxation energy as a criterion for doping engineering based on high-throughput computation: Application to co-doping CaTiSiO5 Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-12 Runtian Yang, Hanwen Ni, Zhifu Liu, Yi-Yang Sun
CaTiSiO5 (titanite or sphene) is a potential linear dielectric material with high dielectric constant for high temperature stability multilayer ceramic capacitor applications. To suppress the formation of α phase CaTiSiO5, which has low temperature stability, co-doping is considered to be an effective approach. Here, we propose to use defect relaxation energy as a screening criterion to quickly identify
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Boundary scattering in topological Kondo insulator SmB6 Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-12 Narayan Poudel, Daniel J. Murray, Jason R. Jeffries, Krzysztof Gofryk
We have studied the effects of phonon-boundary scattering on the thermal transport of topological Kondo insulator SmB6. The studies have been performed using the 3ω method across a temperature range 3–300 K. Our results indicate that the thermal conductivity of micro-sized SmB6 is of an order of magnitude smaller than that of a bulk single crystal. Using the Callaway model, we analyzed the low-temperature
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Phosphatized garnet-based solid electrolyte enables a sub-10-μm-thick lithium metal anode Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-12 Shufeng Song, Shengxian Wang, Hongyang Shan, Wei Xue, Zhixu Long, Haosen Wang, Anji Reddy Polu, Ning Hu
Lithium metal anodes are widely regarded as the ultimate solution for high-energy-density batteries. However, their practical application has been hindered by the challenge of simultaneously achieving ultrathin thickness and high Coulombic efficiencies during lithium deposition and stripping. To address this issue, we propose a phosphorization strategy involving the phosphorization of garnet-based
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Photoresponsivity of p-GaN HEMT-based ultraviolet photodetectors at low temperatures Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-12 Haodong Wang, Meixin Feng, Yaozong Zhong, Xin Chen, Hongwei Gao, Qian Sun, Hui Yang
In this work, we carried out research on the photoresponsivity of a high-performance p-GaN high-electron mobility transistor-based ultraviolet photodetector at low temperatures. The device exhibited an extraordinary responsivity of 2.8 × 106 A/W at 100 K, demonstrating its great potential in frigid environment. Meanwhile, the mechanism of interaction between photo-generated carriers and defects is
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A wideband reconfigurable metasurface for full-polarization GPR: Analysis and field trial Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-12 Qifei Zhang, Yajun Zhou, Linyan Guo, Rongyi Qian, Kai Chen
This paper proposes a wideband reconfigurable metasurface (WRM) for full-polarization ground-penetrating radar (FP-GPR). By adjusting the switching states of positive intrinsic negative diodes, the WRM can precisely and efficiently control the polarization of radar signals. Additionally, without increasing the number of antennas or altering their positions, the WRM enables complex antenna configurations
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Out-of-plane polarization engineering: Optimizing exciton dissociation and solar-to-hydrogen efficiency in photocatalytic water splitting Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-07 Lei Li, Zi-Xuan Yang, Tao Huang, Hui Wan, Jianhang Nie, Gui-Fang Huang, Wangyu Hu, Wei-Qing Huang
Photocatalytic water splitting is a promising route for clean energy production, yet remains constrained by poor carrier utilization and low solar-to-hydrogen (STH) efficiency. Here, we demonstrate the role of out-of-plane polarization in addressing these limitations by using 1H phase Cr-based Janus monolayers. The out-of-plane polarization optimizes band edges to match water redox potentials at pH
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Comparative Raman study of graphene on BaTiO3 (001) and (111) single crystals: Temperature-driven evolution of ferroelectric domains Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-06 Zied Othmen, Riadh Othmen, Antonella Cavanna, Ali Madouri, Pascale Gemeiner, Doru C. Lupascu, Brahim Dkhil
We investigate how the ferroelectric domains of two single-crystal BaTiO3 (BTO) substrates, oriented along [001] and [111], influence the Raman response of monolayer graphene at varying temperatures. A Raman band around 1445 cm−1, close to the G mode and associated with BTO polarization, enables the simultaneous analysis of charge density in graphene and the organization of ferroelectric domains. Raman
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Sub-micron aperture VCSEL demonstrates ultralow ITH = 0.05 mA and energy/bit = 45.5 fJ/bit at 3 Kelvin Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-06 Haonan Wu, Derek Chaw, Zetai Liu, Yulin He, Milton Feng
The 0.9 μm diameter oxide aperture vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) are developed for high-speed cryogenic operation. Ultralow threshold current of 0.05 mA was measured at 3 K by optimizing the gain–cavity resonance alignment and reducing the oxide aperture size to sub-micron. The VCSEL exhibits ultrahigh linearity with wide dynamic range of I/Ith > 100. The microcavity VCSELs deliver
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Numerical design considerations for vapor transport deposition of metal-halide perovskite thin films Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-06 Wan-Ju Hsu, Ella L. Wassweiler, Emma C. Pettit, Vladimir Bulović, Russell J. Holmes
While metal-halide perovskites (MHPs) offer high efficiency and potential application in single junction and tandem solar cells, challenges remain in translating solution-based methods to commercial-scale production. Vapor transport deposition (VTD) offers advantages such as precise control over film composition and purity, as well as the possibility of achieving high thin film deposition rates for
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Room-temperature solution-phase graphoepitaxial growth of in-plane nanowire arrays on flexible films for bendable synaptic devices Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-06 Wanglong Mao, Zhanhao Liang, Shubin Yi, Qiming Yang, Yanbin Chen, Xiangtao Chen, Pingyang Huang, Hanyu Liu, Guofu Zhou, Daquan Zhang, Wei Zhou, Jinyou Xu
Recent advancements in artificial intelligence have spurred growing interest in developing innovative architectures for artificial synapses. Among these, nanowires have emerged as promising candidates for creating lightweight, flexible, and energy-efficient synapses. However, achieving in-plane aligned growth of nanowires on flexible substrates poses a substantial challenge for their integration into
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Strain engineering for magnetoelectric coupling in flexible composite devices Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-06 Guixin He, Yaoxiang Jiang, Tengfei Ma, Jianguo Niu, Yulong Bai, Ning Jiang, Hong Chang, Shifeng Zhao
This study explores strain-dependent regulation of magnetoelectric (ME) properties in flexible composite films. A flexible ME device with cylindrical assemblies of SmFe2 nanoclusters embedded in Bi5Ti3FeO15 matrix was prepared by low-energy cluster-beam deposition and wet chemical methods. Experimental results reveal distinct performance variations under different bending conditions. The strain-mediated
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Strain engineering of vertical (110) InGaAs/InP quantum wells laterally grown on (001) SOI Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-06 Zili Lei, Donghui Fu, Yu Han, Siyuan Yu
Selective lateral heteroepitaxy provides a cost-effective and high-density option for monolithically integrating III–V lasers on Si-photonics. Compared with planar (001) quantum wells (QWs) using conventional vertical epitaxy, lateral epitaxy produces vertical (110)-oriented QWs with distinct structural, optical, and epitaxial characteristics. Understanding these unique properties is vital for future
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Magnetic phase transition driven by nitrogen doping in Fe3Ga thin films Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-06 Yueqi Min, Wenqin Xie, Haolan Jiang, Jinbao Yang, Jing Zhang, Haoliang Huang, Yanan Yuan, Qian Li, Fengguang Liu, Sixia Hu, Hongguang zhang, Liang Xie
Magnetic phase transition holds considerable scientific and technological value in the field of spintronics, as it plays a crucial role in the manipulation and control of spin degrees of freedom. In this study, by controlling nitrogen doping, we demonstrate a magnetic phase transition in Fe3Ga thin films, shifting from a ferromagnetic insulator Fe3Ga with cubic structure to a ferromagnetic metal Fe3GaN
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Optimizing heat dissipation in permalloy wire-tube nanostructures: A pathway to improved hyperthermia treatments Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-05 Carlos Saji, Eduardo Saavedra, Juan Escrig
This work investigates the heating efficiency of permalloy wire-tube nanostructures through micromagnetic simulations. We demonstrate that specific geometrical configurations of these nanostructures enhance their heating capacity compared to conventional nanowires. This improvement is attributed to the optimized control of dynamic magnetization processes, which directly influence the specific absorption
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Power enhancement in two-dimensional resonant-tunneling-diode terahertz oscillator arrays with staggered arrangement Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-05 Z. Tang, S. Suzuki
We design and fabricate a two-dimensional terahertz oscillator array based on resonant-tunneling diodes. The two-dimensional array utilizes high-efficiency slot resonators as array elements, enabling enhancement in power performance. The two-dimensional arrangement is achieved by the staggered configuration of anti-phase resonant-tunneling diode (RTD) pairs coupled by common resistors, while power
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Interface quality improvement of metal/AlOxNy/AlGaN/GaN MIS-heterojunction by using alternative AlOxNy growth in PEALD system Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-05 Junmin Xue, Yu Li, Juan Xin, Yang Xiao, Heng Wang, Yujie Peng, Chen Wang, Zengyuan Wu, Qinqin Jing, Yaming Fan, Lihang Yin, Xiaodong Zhang, Yong Cai
Aluminum oxynitride (AlOxNy) films with nitrogen content ranging from 2.51% to 6.38% were employed as gate dielectrics in GaN-based metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) structures. These films were deposited using a plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition system through alternating cycles of AlN and Al2O3. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of the Al 2p and N 1s peaks shows that the AlOxNy films
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Mott insulators appearing at a thickness period corresponding to nesting in CaRuO3 Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-05 M. Sakoda, H. Nobukane, S. Shimoda, K. Ichimura
In 2021, we discovered a novel size effect with a period of 25 Å on strongly correlated compound CaRuO3. The change in film thickness of only one nanometer leads to an increase in electrical resistivity at 4 K by a factor of several Billion. However, the excitation energy of 2.14 eV on insulating CaRuO3 is too large to explain the mechanism by conventional quantum well. In this study, we clarify that
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Excellent low electric field energy storage properties in Bi5Mg0.5Ti3.45Zr0.05O15 films via ion pair engineering Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-05 Rui Sun, Jieyu Chen
The Bi5Mg0.5Ti3.5−xZrxO15 (BMTZxO, x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15) ergodic relaxor ferroelectric films were prepared using a combined sol–gel and plasma technique. The polarization intensity of the films is enhanced by introducing multi-oriented B-site defect ion pairs and increasing local lattice distortion. The relaxor ferroelectric properties are improved by the interaction between defect ions pairs
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Corneal viscoelasticity measurements under different intraocular pressures using handheld optical coherence elastography Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-05 Jiawei Ma, Zongqing Ma, Shuo Liu, Chongyang Wang, Xiaochen Meng, Fan Fan, Xinxiao Gao, Jiang Zhu
Accurate measurement of corneal viscoelasticity is essential for diagnosing ocular diseases and understanding corneal biomechanics. Optical coherence elastography (OCE) is a promising technique for high-resolution imaging and quantitative assessment of tissue elasticity. However, existing OCE methods often struggle to provide comprehensive viscoelastic measurements of the cornea under varying intraocular
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Single-shot ultrafast imaging based on round-view projection (RVP) Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-05 Yu Lu, Yi Liu, Yizhao Meng, Pengfei Zhang, Fei Yin, Qing Yang, Feng Chen
Current ultrafast imaging techniques necessitate single-shot continuous recording capabilities to capture non-repetitive ultrafast phenomena. Among various methods, projection-based ultrafast imaging methods have garnered significant attention due to their ability to acquire multiple frames in a single exposure. However, the reconstruction accuracy of these methods is fundamentally constrained by the
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Photothermoelectric effect in cadmium arsenide thin films for unbiased, mid-infrared photodetection Appl. Phys. Lett. (IF 3.5) Pub Date : 2025-05-05 Jacob Brady, Arman Rashidi, Sina Ahadi, Susanne Stemmer
Mid-infrared photodetectors that can operate at room temperature are of great interest for a wide range of applications. Here, we demonstrate unbiased, mid-infrared (10.4 μm) photodetection in epitaxial thin films of the three-dimensional Dirac semimetal cadmium arsenide (Cd3As2), which are grown on a III–V heterostructure. We show that the photocurrent response of planar metal–Cd3As2–metal devices