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Morphological-engineering-based capacitive tactile sensors Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-02-12 Hongsen Niu, Hao Li, Ning Li, Hongkai Niu, Song Gao, Wenjing Yue, Yang Li
Capacitive tactile sensors have garnered significant attention due to their simple structure, temperature independence, and wide applicability. However, with the continuous evolution of the intellectualization process, developing tactile sensors that can compare or even surpass the sensing ability of human skin remains a significant challenge. Consequently, various strategies aimed at enhancing sensing
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Bond dipole-based geometric theory of band alignment Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-02-10 Zeyu Jiang, Damien West, Shengbai Zhang
The band alignment (BA) between two materials is a fundamental property that governs the functionality and performance of electronic and electrochemical devices. However, despite decades of study, the inability to separate surface properties from those of the bulk has made a deep understanding of the physics of BAs elusive. Building on the theory of the ideal vacuum level to separate surface from bulk
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Nonlinear domain engineering for quantum technologies Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-02-10 Tim F. Weiss, Alberto Peruzzo
The continuously growing effort toward developing real-world quantum technological applications has come to demand an increasing amount of flexibility from its respective platforms. This review presents a highly adaptable engineering technique for photonic quantum technologies based on the artificial structuring of the material nonlinearity. This technique, while, in a simple form, already featured
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Gate-voltage control of anisotropic bilinear magnetoresistance at Rashba interfaces Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Meng Zhao, Jine Zhang, Furong Han, Yuansha Chen, Fengxia Hu, Baogen Shen, Weisheng Zhao, Jirong Sun, Yue Zhang
Bilinear magnetoresistance (BMR), exhibiting a linear response to magnetic field or applied current, has garnered significant attention in recent research. While most previous works have focused on isotropic BMR, arising from isotropic band structure or the spin Hall effect, we report on a strongly anisotropic BMR (ABMR) observed at the KTaO3 Rashba interface, characterized by a unique low-symmetry
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Smart diapers: From wetness monitoring to early diagnosis Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Min Hu, Jia Wei Lim, Philip Lin Kiat Yap, Ngoc Huong Lien Ha, Pei Shi Yeo, Guolin Xu, Rensheng Deng, Shiou Liang Wee, Jackie Y. Ying
Diaper dermatitis and associated infections are common problems that often afflict diaper wearers. These problems will become more prevalent in the future, as our population ages and more people need to wear diapers. An urgent solution is therefore needed to address these problems. Smart diapers have recently attracted much attention for their potential to significantly reduce the occurrence of diaper
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Advanced theoretical modeling methodologies for electrocatalyst design in sustainable energy conversion Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-02-06 Tianyi Wang, Qilong Wu, Yun Han, Zhongyuan Guo, Jun Chen, Chuangwei Liu
Electrochemical reactions are pivotal for energy conversion and storage to achieve a carbon-neutral and sustainable society, and optimal electrocatalysts are essential for their industrial applications. Theoretical modeling methodologies, such as density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD), efficiently assess electrochemical reaction mechanisms and electrocatalyst performance at atomic
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Complex thermoelectric transport in Bi-Sb alloys Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Rachel Orenstein, Kamil Ciesielski, Karol Synoradzki, Jiaxing Qu, Ferdaushi Alam Bipasha, Lídia C. Gomes, Jesse M. Adamczyk, Shannon Berger, Elif Ertekin, Eric S. Toberer
Bi1−xSbx alloys are classic thermoelectric materials for near-cryogenic applications. Despite more than half a century of study, unraveling the underlying transport physics within this space has been nontrivial due to the complex electronic structure, disorder, and small bandgap within these alloys. Furthermore, as Peltier coolers, Bi1−xSbx alloys operate in a bipolar regime; as such, understanding
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Highly transparent and semi-transparent perovskites and their applications Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-02-04 Tehila Wallach, Lioz Etgar
Perovskite has recently garnered significant attention as a promising semiconductor for optoelectronic applications and particularly for solar cells. In various applications, solar cells must be semi-transparent or even nearly fully transparent. Perovskite solar cells emerge as strong contenders to meet this requirement, owing to their remarkable versatility that allows for high transparency. Consequently
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Unlocking high hole mobility in diamond over a wide temperature range via efficient shear strain Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-02-04 Jianshi Sun, Shouhang Li, Cheng Shao, Zhen Tong, Meng An, Yuhang Yao, Yue Hu, Xiongfei Zhu, Yifan Liu, Renzong Wang, Xiangjun Liu, Thomas Frauenheim
As a wide bandgap semiconductor, diamond holds both excellent electrical and thermal properties, making it highly promising in the electrical industry. However, its hole mobility is relatively low and dramatically decreases with increasing temperature, which severely limits further applications. Herein, we proposed that the hole mobility can be efficiently enhanced via slight compressive shear strain
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Magnetic skyrmion: from fundamental physics to pioneering applications Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-02-04 Kishan K. Mishra, Aijaz H. Lone, Srikant Srinivasan, Hossein Fariborzi, Gianluca Setti
Skyrmionic devices exhibit energy-efficient and high-integration data storage and computing capabilities due to their small size, topological protection, and low drive current requirements. So, to realize these devices, an extensive study, from fundamental physics to practical applications, becomes essential. In this article, we present an exhaustive review of the advancements in understanding the
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Nanoscopic technologies toward molecular profiling of single extracellular vesicles for cancer liquid biopsy Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-02-03 Mahsa Jalali, Yao Lu, Carolina del Real Mata, Janusz Rak, Sara Mahshid
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising cancer biomarkers due to their encapsulation of molecular signals reflective of originating tumor cells. Conventional analytical methods often fall short in comprehensive EV molecular profiling, necessitating innovative approaches for enhanced sensitivity and selectivity. This review focuses on the utilization of nanoplasmonic structures for optical
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Layered double hydroxide for photocatalytic application toward CO2 reduction and water splitting: Recent advances, synthesis, heterojunction formation, challenges, and future directions Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-02-03 Azmat Ali Khan, Muhammad Tahir, Nazish Khan
Solar fuel production through water splitting and CO2 reduction by employing photocatalytic materials is a paradigm track to present renewable energy sources and lessen global warming. Among these materials, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have been widely investigated in CO2 reduction and water splitting to produce chemical fuels. However, pure LDHs suffer from sluggish charge-carrier transport,
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Structure, properties, and applications of CoxC catalysts for Fischer–Tropsch reaction mechanism and perspective Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-01-29 Xiaoling Hong, Xia Xiang, Yanping Chen, Junjie Shi, Wei Liu, Sean Li, Jian Liu, Xiaotao Zu
The classical Fischer–Tropsch to Olefins (FTO) reaction is a pivotal method for converting syngas, derived from fossil energy sources, such as coal, biomass, and natural gas, into lower olefins. The growing interest in expanding or commercializing FTO has driven the development of catalysts with exceptional performance. Lower olefins (C2–4=) are widely used as fundamental components in everyday products
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Progress, challenges, and perspectives of magnetoelectric composites and devices based on relaxor-PT single crystals Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-01-27 Deepak Rajaram Patil, Zhaoqiang Chu, Shuxiang Dong, Kee Hoon Kim, Hyunseok Song, Dae-Yong Jeong, Jungho Ryu
Magnetoelectric (ME) composites exhibit robust ME interfacial coupling because of the strong interaction between piezoelectricity and magnetostriction. The presence of two novel functionalities, i.e., direct and converse ME couplings, makes them ideal candidates for multifunctional devices such as energy harvesters, magnetic field sensors, ME random access memories, and ME antennas. In these ME composites
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Nanoscale insights on phase transition dynamics of doped VO2 for memristor devices Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-01-27 Lin Wang, Li Chen, Xionghu Xu, Zhangchen Hou, Yafang Li, Liyan Shang, Jinzhong Zhang, Liangqing Zhu, Yawei Li, Fei Cao, Genshui Wang, Junhao Chu, Zhigao Hu
This study utilized co-sputtering to fabricate Mo-doped VO2 films and identified an optimal concentration exhibiting a lower phase transition temperature (Th = 55.8 °C) and a broader hysteresis window (Δ T = 13.6 °C). At the atomistic scale, it is demonstrated that Mo dopant-induced localized strain accelerates the phase transition, which leads to the relaxation of the tetragonal structure. Furthermore
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Coherent magnon transport in a van der Waals antiferromagnet Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-01-27 Jilei Chen, Rundong Yuan, Kanglin Yu, Xiaoyu Wang, Lutong Sheng, Jinlong Wang, Chensong Hua, Weichao Yu, Jiang Xiao, Song Liu, Dapeng Yu, Jean-Philippe Ansermet, Zhe Wang, Haiming Yu
Recently developed van der Waals magnets offer a promising platform for advancing spintronics. The weak interlayer antiferromagnetic exchange coupling in van der Waals antiferromagnets allows for unique spin dynamics and control over magnons. In this study, we present the excitation and detection of coherent magnon transport in the van der Waals antiferromagnet CrPS4. We observe pronounced coherent
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Lanthanide doped semiconductor thin films for photonic and optoelectronic applications Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-01-24 Jiawen Wang, Lihui Huang, Shenghuang Lin, Shiqing Xu, Gongxun Bai
High-performing semiconductor thin films are crucial components in today's electronic age, finding extensive applications in devices and chips. Recently, there has been a significant trend toward incorporating lanthanide elements into these films, primarily driven by the escalating demand for photonic and optoelectronic applications. The featured article presents a detailed overview of the latest research
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Single-photon generation and manipulation in quantum nanophotonics Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-01-24 Guangxin Liu, Wenjie Zhou, Dmitrii Gromyko, Ding Huang, Zhaogang Dong, Renming Liu, Juanfeng Zhu, Jingfeng Liu, Cheng-Wei Qiu, Lin Wu
Developing reliable and efficient single-photon sources is crucial for advancing quantum technologies, relying on nonlinear frequency conversion or spontaneous emission from individual quantum emitters. While different types of single-photon sources excel in specific applications, none meet all criteria for an “ideal” source: exceptional brightness, high purity, and indistinguishability. To address
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The physics of phase transition phenomena enhanced by nanoparticles Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-01-23 Liu Yang, Jialu Tian, Yulong Ding, Avinash Alagumalai, Fatih Selimefendigil, Mortaza Aghbashlo, Meisam Tabatabaei, L. Godson Asirvatham, Somchai Wongwises, S. A. Sherif, Efstathios E. Michaelides, Christos N. Markides, Omid Mahian
Phase transitions are fundamental phenomena in physics that have been extensively studied owing to their applications across diverse industrial sectors, including energy, power, healthcare, and the environment. An example of such applications in the energy sector is thermal energy storage using phase change materials. In such systems, and indeed in many other thermal systems, an emerging and promising
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High-stable multifunctional dynamically reconfigurable artificial synapses based on hybrid graphene/ferroelectric field-effect transistors Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-01-22 Liang Liu, Xutao Zhang, Ruijuan Tian, Qiao Zhang, Mingwen Zhang, Yu Zhang, Xuetao Gan
In response to the challenges posed by traditional computing architectures in handling big data and AI demands, neuromorphic computing has emerged as a promising alternative inspired by the brain's efficiency. This study focuses on three-terminal synaptic transistors utilizing graphene and P(VDF-TrFE) to achieve dynamic reconfigurability between excitatory and inhibitory response modes, which are crucial
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Harnessing ferro-valleytricity in pentalayer rhombohedral graphene for memory and compute Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-01-22 Md Mazharul Islam, Shamiul Alam, Md Rahatul Islam Udoy, Md Shafayat Hossain, Kathleen E Hamilton, Ahmedullah Aziz
Two-dimensional materials with multiple degrees of freedom, including spin, valleys, and orbitals, open up an exciting avenue for engineering multifunctional devices. Beyond spintronics, these degrees of freedom can lead to novel quantum effects such as valley-dependent Hall effects and orbital magnetism, which could revolutionize next-generation electronics. However, achieving independent control
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Polaron hopping induced dual-band absorption in all amorphous cathodic electrochromic oxides Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-01-22 Renfu Zhang, Menghan Yin, Peipei Shao, Qingjiao Huang, Gunnar A. Niklasson, Rui-Tao Wen
Electrochromic oxides have tremendous potential applications in smart windows, displays, and camouflage due to their capability for selective modulation of visible and near-infrared optical spectra. Although these applications are dependent on the optical performance, the origin of the optical absorption in electrochromic oxides is not clear. Here, we demonstrate that the electrochromism of all amorphous
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Small polarons mediated near-room-temperature metal–insulator transition in vanadium dioxide and their hopping dynamics Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-01-22 Xiongfang Liu, Tong Yang, Shanquan Chen, Jing Wu, Chi Sin Tang, Yuanjie Ning, Zuhuang Chen, Liang Dai, Mengxia Sun, Mingyao Chen, Kun Han, Difan Zhou, Shengwei Zeng, Shuo Sun, Sensen Li, Ming Yang, Mark B. H. Breese, Chuanbing Cai, Thirumalai Venkatesan, Andrew T. S. Wee, Xinmao Yin
Researchers pursuing advanced photoelectric devices have discovered near room-temperature metal–insulator transitions (MIT) in nonvolatile VO2. Despite theoretical investigations suggesting that polaron dynamics mediate the MIT, direct experimental evidence remains scarce. In this study, we present direct evidence of the polaron state in insulating VO2 through high-resolution spectroscopic ellipsometry
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3D printing and artificial intelligence tools for droplet microfluidics: Advances in the generation and analysis of emulsions Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-01-21 Sibilla Orsini, Marco Lauricella, Andrea Montessori, Adriano Tiribocchi, Mihir Durve, Sauro Succi, Luana Persano, Andrea Camposeo, Dario Pisignano
Droplet microfluidics has emerged as highly relevant technology in diverse fields such as nanomaterials synthesis, photonics, drug delivery, regenerative medicine, food science, cosmetics, and agriculture. While significant progress has been made in understanding the fundamental mechanisms underlying droplet generation in microchannels and in fabricating devices to produce droplets with varied functionality
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Electrokinetic energy harvesting over nanometer and sub-nanometer scales Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-01-17 Suman Chakraborty, Chirodeep Bakli, Debmalya Roy, Abhirup Chaudhuri, Aniruddha Guha, Aditya Patwari
Electrokinetic energy harvesting (EKEH) has emerged as a promising renewable and carbon-neutral energy source for small and large-scale applications, reducing the reliance on conventional fossil fuels and providing innovative solutions for remote, off-grid applications. The underlying mechanism of EKEH relies on the movement of dissolved electrolytes over charged fluid–solid interfaces through confinements
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Physical and electrical properties of silica Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-01-15 D. K. Ferry, D. L. Rode
Nominally pure silica or amorphous SiO2 is an important material in modern electronics, as well as other fields of science. Normally, it has been utilized for its insulation properties, for example, in metal-oxide-semiconductor devices. However, it also can be considered as a wide bandgap semiconductor possessing very large electrical resistivity. The conductivity of various silica films has been studied
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Scaling up of photocatalytic systems for large-scale hydrogen generation Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-01-10 Preeyanghaa Mani, Sulakshana Shenoy, Prince J. J. Sagayaraj, Nithish Agamendran, Sanguk Son, Neppolian Bernaurdshaw, Hyoung-il Kim, Karthikeyan Sekar
Scaling up photocatalytic systems for large-scale hydrogen generation holds transformative potential for sustainable energy but faces significant technical and economic challenges in transitioning from lab-scale experiments to industrial applications. This review delves into recent innovations that drive progress in this field, including advanced materials developed for improved efficiency and stability
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Integrated functions of microfluidics and gravimetric sensing enabled by piezoelectric driven microstructures Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-01-03 Jingui Qian, Yue Wang, Yuhang Xue, Habiba Begum, Yong-Qing Fu, Joshua E.-Y. Lee
Micro- and nano-electromechanical systems resonators have been regarded as powerful tools for precision mass detection, and their abilities to measure these in a liquid environment open various opportunities for biosensing, chemical analysis, and environmental monitoring. Apart from overcoming issues of fluidic damping and electrical interfaces, there is a great challenge of bringing microanalytes
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Structural and optoelectronic characterization of anisotropic two-dimensional materials and applications in polarization-sensitive photodetectors Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2025-01-02 Zhitao Lin, Xianguang Yang, Junda He, Ning Dong, Baojun Li
The omnipresence of polarized light on the surface of the earth, a result of atmospheric scattering, underscores the significance of detecting this light and extracting valuable information regarding the phase and polarization angle. In recent years, there has been a surge in research on polarization-sensitive photodetectors that utilize anisotropic two-dimensional (2D) materials. The essence of these
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Plasmon-enhanced photo/electrocatalysis: Harnessing hetero-nanostructures for sustainable energy and environmental applications Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-12-24 Lemma Teshome Tufa, Birhanu Bayissa Gicha, Cheru Fekadu Molla, Huu-Quang Nguyen, Van Tan Tran, Njemuwa Nwaji, Xiaojun Hu, Hongxia Chen, Jaebeom Lee
Plasmon-enhanced photo/electrocatalysis using hetero-nanostructures has emerged as a promising approach for boosting the efficiency and selectivity of photo/electrocatalytic reactions. Plasmonic nanostructures (PNSs), with their unique properties including localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), play a vital role in enhancing photo/electrocatalytic activities. By leveraging LSPR, PNSs can concentrate
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InGaN-based blue and red micro-LEDs: Impact of carrier localization Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-12-24 Jeong-Hwan Park, Markus Pristovsek, Dong-Pyo Han, Bumjoon Kim, Soo Min Lee, Drew Hanser, Pritesh Parikh, Wentao Cai, Jong-In Shim, Dong-Seon Lee, Tae-Yeon Seong, Hiroshi Amano
Herein, we investigate micro-light-emitting diodes (μLEDs) ranging in size from 160 × 160 to 10 × 10 μm2 and report that the differences in the behavior of InGaN-based blue (∼460 nm) and red (∼600 nm) μLEDs are related to carrier localization. The external quantum efficiency (EQE) of blue μLEDs decreases with size regardless of sidewall conditions, whereas that of red μLEDs is insignificant due to
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Analog control of La0.5Sr0.5FeO3-δ electrical properties through oxygen deficiency induced magnetic transition Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-12-19 Paul Nizet, Francesco Chiabrera, Nicolau López-Pintó, Nerea Alayo, Philipp Langner, Sergio Valencia, Arantxa Fraile Rodríguez, Federico Baiutti, Alevtina Smekhova, Alex Morata, Jordi Sort, Albert Tarancón
Switchability of materials properties by applying controlled stimuli such as voltage pulses is an emerging field of study with applicability in adaptive and programmable devices like neuromorphic transistors or non-emissive smart displays. One of the most exciting approaches to modulate materials performance is mobile ion/vacancy insertion for inducing changes in relevant electrical, optical, or magnetic
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Spatial filtering and optimal generation of high-flux soft x-ray high harmonics using a Bessel–Gauss beam Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-12-18 Xiangyu Tang, Kan Wang, Baochang Li, Jiaxin Han, Chi Zhang, Bincheng Wang, C. D. Lin, Cheng Jin
In recent years, significant advancements in high-repetition-rate, high-average-power mid-infrared laser pulses have enabled the generation of tabletop high-flux coherent soft x-ray harmonics for photon-hungry experiments. However, for practical applications, it is crucial to effectively filter out the driving beam from the high harmonics. In this study, we leverage the distinctive properties of a
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Printing semiconductor-based devices and circuits for flexible electronic skin Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-12-13 Abhishek Singh Dahiya, Ayoub Zumeit, Adamos Christou, Alex S. Loch, Balaji Purushothaman, Peter J. Skabara, Ravinder Dahiya
Electronic skin (e-skin), capable of sensing a physical or chemical stimulus and triggering a suitable response, is critical in applications such as healthcare, wearables, robotics, and more. With a substantial number and types of sensors over a large area, the low-cost fabrication is desirable for e-skin. In this regard, printing electronics attract the attention as it allow efficient use of materials
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Fundamentals and applications of the skyrmion Hall effect Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-12-13 Sheng Yang, Yuelei Zhao, Xichao Zhang, Xiangjun Xing, Haifeng Du, Xiaoguang Li, Masahito Mochizuki, Xiaohong Xu, Johan Åkerman, Yan Zhou
Magnetic skyrmions are promising for future spintronic devices due to their nanoscale size, high thermal stability, and mobility at low current densities. However, their practical applications may be limited by the skyrmion Hall effect (SkHE), which causes skyrmions to deflect from the direction of the driving current. The SkHE usually results in annihilation of skyrmions due to the destructive skyrmion–boundary
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Bioinspired porous magnetoresponsive soft actuators with programmable 3D curved shapes Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-12-11 Hanlin Zhu, Xin Ye, Yuanyuan Tian, Yangwen Ge, Hui Huang, Zheng Han Lim, Ming Gao, Binbin Liu, Yan Zhao, Kun Zhou, Chao Jiang
Shape-programmable magnetoresponsive soft actuators (SMSAs) are highly desirable for diverse applications in soft robotics and minimally invasive medicine. Current methods face challenges in achieving programmable magnetoresponsive three-dimensional (3D) shapes with non-uniform and continuously adjustable curvatures, which are crucial for the highly effective locomotion of SMSAs. Here, we propose an
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Defects in Ge and GeSn and their impact on optoelectronic properties Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-12-11 Andrea Giunto, Anna Fontcuberta i Morral
GeSn has emerged as a promising semiconductor with optoelectronic functionality in the mid-infrared, with the potential of replacing expensive III–V technology for monolithic on-chip Si photonics. Multiple challenges to achieve optoelectronic-grade GeSn have been successfully solved in the last decade. We stand today on the brink of a potential revolution in which GeSn could be used in many optoelectronic
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Metasurface polarization optics: From classical to quantum Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-12-10 Feng-Jun Li, Shuai Wang, Rui Zhong, Meng-Xia Hu, Yue jiang, Meijiu Zheng, Mu Wang, Xiangping Li, Ruwen Peng, Zi-Lan Deng
Metasurface polarization optics, manipulating polarization using metasurfaces composed of subwavelength anisotropic nanostructure array, has enabled a lot of innovative integrated strategies for versatile and on-demand polarization generation, modulation, and detection. Compared with conventional bulky optical elements for polarization control, metasurface polarization optics provides a feasible platform
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Photoemission spectroscopy of battery materials Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-12-10 Chenfeng Ding, Penghui Ji, Tongtong Li, Ting Guo, Zhong Xu, Taehoon Kim, Hui Zhang, Jiayu Wan, Luis K. Ono, Yabing Qi
Recognized by the 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, rechargeable lithium-ion battery (LIB) has become a world-revolutionary technology. Further developments of LIB-based and “beyond LIBs” regarding capacity, cycle life, and safety are intimately associated with the fundamental understanding of chemical compositions, structures, physical properties of electrodes and electrolytes, and other related components
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Unraveling electrocatalyst reaction mechanisms in water electrolysis: In situ Raman spectra Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-12-06 Chao Huang, Dan Li, Ping Qin, Qingdong Ruan, Dorsa Dehghan-baniani, Xiang Peng, Babak Mehrjou, Paul K. Chu
Electrocatalysis is crucial for sustainable energy solutions, focusing on energy harvesting, storage, and pollution control. Despite the development of various electrocatalysts, understanding the dynamic processes in electrochemical reactions is still limited, hindering effective catalyst design. In situ Raman spectra have emerged as a critical tool, providing molecular-level insights into surface
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Quantum dot in perovskite hybrids for photovoltaics: Progress and perspective Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-12-05 Hyung Ryul You, Han Na Yu, Eon Ji Lee, Hyeon Soo Ma, Younghoon Kim, Jongmin Choi
Colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are receiving great attention as promising nanomaterials for optoelectronic applications due to their unique electronic properties and straightforward processability. Despite extensive global research and significant progress in the surface chemistry and device architecture of CQDs, meeting the future demands for stability and device performance continues to be a challenge
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Metamaterials for high-performance smart sensors Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-12-04 Renquan Guan, Hao Xu, Zheng Lou, Zhao Zhao, Lili Wang
In recent years, metamaterials have shown great potential in various fields such as optics, acoustics, and electromagnetics. Sensors based on metamaterials have been gradually applied in daily production, life, and military. Metamaterials are artificial materials with unique properties that ordinary materials do not possess. Through clever microstructure design, they can achieve different properties
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Comprehensive overview of detection mechanisms for toxic gases based on surface acoustic wave technology Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-12-04 Xue Li, Qingyi Feng, Yuanjun Guo, Haifeng Lv, Xiaotao Zu, Yongqing Fu
Identification and detection of toxic/explosive environmental gases are of paramount importance to various sectors such as oil/gas industries, defense, industrial processing, and civilian security. Surface acoustic wave (SAW)-based gas sensors have recently gained significant attention, owing to their desirable sensitivity, fast response/recovery time, wireless capabilities, and reliability. For detecting
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Fluid mechanics of Na-Zn liquid metal batteries Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-12-04 C. Duczek, G. M. Horstmann, W. Ding, K. E. Einarsrud, A. Y. Gelfgat, O. E. Godinez-Brizuela, O. S. Kjos, S. Landgraf, T. Lappan, G. Monrrabal, W. Nash, P. Personnettaz, M. Sarma, C. Sommerseth, P. Trtik, N. Weber, T. Weier
Liquid metal batteries have been introduced as promising option to address the needs for new energy storage technologies. Currently, batteries based on sodium and zinc are under development and a favorable option due to their high theoretical cell potential, readily abundant materials, and cost-advantages. Nevertheless, they face the problem of self-discharge, which makes it inevitable to understand
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Polarization-rotation-driven modulation of second harmonic generation in van der Waals layered ferroelectric CuInP2S6 Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-12-04 Yiqi Hu, Han Gao, Zhou Zhou, Shun Wang, Qiankun Li, Zhongshen Luo, Runcang Feng, Yanfei Hou, Tianhao Ying, Yuyan Weng, Yibo Han, Liang Fang, Lu You
Two-dimensional van der Waals (vdW) ferroelectrics, renowned for their spontaneous breaking of inversion symmetry and finite electric polarization, are pivotal in nonlinear optics and low-power nanoelectronics. Prior studies primarily focused on materials exhibiting out-of-plane or in-plane ferroelectric polarization, whose rotational degrees of freedom are commonly overlooked. Herein, we experimentally
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Opportunities and challenges involving repulsive Casimir forces in nanotechnology Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-12-03 C. Shelden, B. Spreng, J. N. Munday
The Casimir force, which arises from quantum electrodynamic fluctuations, manifests as an attraction between metallic surfaces spaced mere hundreds of nanometers apart. As contemporary device architectures scale down to the nano- and microscales, quantum phenomena exert increasing influence on their behaviors. Nano- and microelectromechanical systems frequently encounter issues such as components adhering
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(Ultra)wide bandgap semiconductor heterostructures for electronics cooling Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-11-25 Zhe Cheng, Zifeng Huang, Jinchi Sun, Jia Wang, Tianli Feng, Kazuki Ohnishi, Jianbo Liang, Hiroshi Amano, Ru Huang
The evolution of power and radiofrequency electronics enters a new era with (ultra)wide bandgap semiconductors such as GaN, SiC, and β-Ga2O3, driving significant advancements across various technologies. The elevated breakdown voltage and minimal on-resistance result in size-compact and energy-efficient devices. However, effective thermal management poses a critical challenge, particularly when pushing
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Structural and angle-resolved optical and vibrational properties of chiral trivial insulator InSeI Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-11-25 Melike Erdi, Jesse Kapeghian, Patrick Hays, Medha Dandu, Daria D. Blach, Mohammed Sayyad, Jan Kopaczek, Renee Sailus, Archana Raja, Sandhya Susarla, Antia S. Botana, Seth Ariel Tongay
Chiral materials, known for their unique structural and quantum properties, have garnered significant interest, with InSeI emerging as a promising chiral topologically trivial insulator. In this study, we introduce a scalable Bridgman crystal growth technique to synthesize large, environmentally stable single crystals of InSeI, achieving centimeter-sized chiral crystals with superior quality. Notably
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Recent advances in multimodal skin-like wearable sensors Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-11-19 Shuying Wu, Zhao Sha, Liao Wu, Hoang-Phuong Phan, Shuai He, Jianbo Tang, Jiangtao Xu, Dewei Chu, Chun H. Wang, Shuhua Peng
Wearable sensors capable of simultaneous monitoring of multiple physiological markers have the potential to dramatically reduce healthcare cost through early detection of diseases and accelerating rehabilitation processes. These skin-like sensors can deliver significant benefits thanks to their ability to continuously track various physiological indicators over extended periods. However, due to the
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MXene-TiO2 heterostructured iontronic neural devices based on ion-dynamic capacitance enabling optoelectronic modulation Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-11-19 Quanhong Chang, Wei Chen, Fudu Xing, Wanhua Li, Xun Peng, Weijie Du, Huishan Wang, Guina Xiao, Lei Huang
The development of neuromorphic systems necessitates the use of memcapacitors that can adapt to optoelectronic modulation. Two-dimensional (2D) materials with atomically thin features and their derived heterostructures are able to allow for controlling local transfer of charge carrier but reports on 2D materials-enabled capacitive-type photoelectric synapses have not been experimentally exploited yet
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Thermal transport property of boron nitride nanosheets Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-11-15 Amrito Bhattacharjee, Hongbo Jiang, Lu Hua Li, Shaoming Huang, Ying Ian Chen, Qiran Cai
The rapid progress of high-performance microelectronic devices underscores the urgent necessity to develop materials possessing superior thermal conductivity for effectively dissipating heat in cutting-edge electronics. Boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional thermal conductivity, combined with electrical insulation and low thermal expansion coefficient
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Flexible magnetoelectric systems: Types, principles, materials, preparation and application Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-11-13 Shanfei Zhang, Zhuofan Li, Yizhuo Xu, Bin Su
Recently, the rapid development of flexible electronic materials and devices has profoundly influenced various aspects of social development. Flexible magnetoelectric systems (FMESs), leveraging magnetoelectric coupling, hold vast potential applications in the fields of flexible sensing, memory storage, biomedicine, energy harvesting, and soft robotics. Consequently, they have emerged as a significant
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Advances in volatile organic compounds detection: From fundamental research to real-world applications Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-11-12 Hossam Haick
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play a crucial role in affecting health, environmental integrity, and industrial operations, from air quality to medical diagnostics. The need for highly sensitive and selective detection of these compounds has spurred innovation in sensor technologies. This editorial introduces a special collection of articles in Applied Physics Reviews, exploring the latest advancements
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Room temperature single-photon terahertz detection with thermal Rydberg atoms Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-11-08 Danyang Li, Zhengyang Bai, Xiaoliang Zuo, Yuelong Wu, Jiteng Sheng, Haibin Wu
Single-photon terahertz (THz) detection is one of the most demanding technologies for a variety of fields and could lead to many breakthroughs. Although significant progress has been made in the past two decades, operating it at room temperature still remains a great challenge. Here, we demonstrate, for the first time, a room temperature THz detector at single-photon levels based on nonlinear wave
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Enhanced oxygen evolution reaction in flexoelectric thin-film heterostructures Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-11-07 Jibo Xu, Xiaoyan Zhang, Xia Liu, Ming Wu, Junzhe Liu, Zhiyu Liu, Meiyue Li, Yuhao Yue, Yawen Xu, Chenyu Dong, Weijie Zheng, Lin Zhu, Yanqiang Cao, Chunyan Zheng, Jianyi Liu, Aidong Li, Di Wu, Lixue Zhang, Zheng Wen
Recently, the flexoelectric effect has triggered considerable interest in energy-related applications, such as flexo-actuation, flexo-photovoltaic, and flexo-catalysis, because of its ubiquitous feature allowing the creation of electric polarity, i.e., the flexoelectric polarization (Pflexo), in non-polar materials by strain gradient. Here, we show a flexoelectric strategy in electrocatalytic water
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Exploring advanced microwave strategy for the synthesis of two-dimensional energy materials Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-11-06 Jingyan Cai, Zhiao Wu, Sangni Wang, Jiayue Guo, Miao Fan, Weilin Xu, Huanyu Jin, Jun Wan
The rapid pace of technology and increasing energy demands underscore the urgent need for eco-friendly materials with exceptional energy conversion and storage capabilities. Two-dimensional (2D) energy materials, characterized by unique physicochemical properties, hold great promise in renewable energy conversion, catalysis, and electronics. Nevertheless, conventional synthesis methods often falter
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Device physics of perovskite light-emitting diodes Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-11-06 Yuqi Sun, Si Chen, Jun-Yu Huang, Yuh-Renn Wu, Neil C. Greenham
Perovskite light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have emerged as a potential solution-processible technology that can offer efficient light emission with high color purity. Here, we explore the device physics of perovskite LEDs using simple analytical and drift-diffusion modeling, aiming to understand how the distribution of electric field, carrier densities, and recombination in these devices differs from
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3D printing for sodium batteries: From material design to integrated devices Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-11-05 Shuge Dai, Zhuanglong Lin, Hao Hu, Ye Wang, Longhui Zeng
Additive manufacturing, commonly known as 3D printing, is an innovative technique for fabricating batteries with arbitrary architectures. Understanding the intricacies of 3D printing designs in sodium battery materials is crucial for optimizing their electrochemical properties and unlocking the full potential of 3D printed sodium batteries. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the key aspects
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Time-encoded photonic quantum states: Generation, processing, and applications Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-11-05 Hao Yu, Alexander O. Govorov, Hai-Zhi Song, Zhiming Wang
Encoding and processing quantum information in the time-of-arrival of photons offer significant advantages for quantum information science and technology. These advantages include ease of experimental realization, robustness over photon state transmission, and compatibility with existing telecommunication infrastructure. Additionally, time-of-arrival encoding has the potential for high-rate quantum
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Nanoarchitectured MOF-derived porous carbons: Road to future carbon materials Appl. Phys. Rev. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-11-05 Minjun Kim, Kwang Keat Leong, Nasim Amiralian, Yoshio Bando, Tansir Ahamad, Saad M. Alshehri, Yusuke Yamauchi
This review aims to offer strategic synthesis of new carbon materials under the thematic concept of “nanoarchitectonics” applied to metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived porous carbons. The background tracing of carbon materials in terms of the development of carbon microstructure is outlined first to offer the microstructural level of understanding of traditional carbons as well as recent MOF-derived