Irradiation of condensed matter with ionizing radiation generally causes direct photoionization as well as secondary processes that often dominate the ionization dynamics. Here, large helium (He) nanodroplets with radius nm doped with lithium (Li) atoms are irradiated with extreme ultraviolet (XUV) photons of energy eV and indirect ionization of the Li dopants is observed in addition to direct photoionization

Bilinear magnetoresistance (BMR), exhibiting a linear response to magnetic field or applied current, has garnered significant attention in recent research. While most previous works have focused on isotropic BMR, arising from isotropic band structure or the spin Hall effect, we report on a strongly anisotropic BMR (ABMR) observed at the KTaO3 Rashba interface, characterized by a unique low-symmetry

Diaper dermatitis and associated infections are common problems that often afflict diaper wearers. These problems will become more prevalent in the future, as our population ages and more people need to wear diapers. An urgent solution is therefore needed to address these problems. Smart diapers have recently attracted much attention for their potential to significantly reduce the occurrence of diaper

Among the most iconic features of classical dissipative dynamics are persistent limit-cycle oscillations and critical slowing down at the onset of such oscillations, where the system relaxes purely algebraically in time. On the other hand, quantum systems subject to generic Markovian dissipation decohere exponentially in time, approaching a unique steady state. Here we show how coherent limit-cycle

Electrochemical reactions are pivotal for energy conversion and storage to achieve a carbon-neutral and sustainable society, and optimal electrocatalysts are essential for their industrial applications. Theoretical modeling methodologies, such as density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD), efficiently assess electrochemical reaction mechanisms and electrocatalyst performance at atomic

We present new exclusion bounds obtained at the European X-Ray Free Electron Laser facility (EuXFEL) on axionlike particles in the mass range 10−3eV≲ma≲104eV. Our experiment exploits the Primakoff effect via which photons can, in the presence of a strong external electric field, decay into axions, which then convert back into photons after passing through an opaque wall. While similar searches have

Quantum simulations of Hubbard models with ultracold atoms rely on the exceptional control of coherent motion provided by optical lattices. Here we demonstrate enhanced tunability using an optical superlattice in a fermionic quantum gas microscope, evidenced by long-lived coherent double-well oscillations, next-nearest-neighbor quantum walks in a staggered configuration, and correlated quantum walks

We study Polchinski’s “fermion-rotor system” as an accurate description of charged Weyl fermions scattering on a magnetic monopole core in the limit of zero gauge coupling. Traditionally it was thought such scattering could lead to fractional particle numbers (“semitons”). By direct calculations we show those semitonic processes are in fact free propagation, facilitated by composite fermion-rotor operators

The chaotic dynamics of quantum many-body systems are expected to quickly randomize any structured initial state, delocalizing it in the Fock space. In this Letter, we study the spreading of an initial product state in Hilbert space under dual-unitary dynamics, captured by the inverse participation ratios and the distribution of overlaps (bit-string probabilities). We consider the self-dual kicked

Bi1−xSbx alloys are classic thermoelectric materials for near-cryogenic applications. Despite more than half a century of study, unraveling the underlying transport physics within this space has been nontrivial due to the complex electronic structure, disorder, and small bandgap within these alloys. Furthermore, as Peltier coolers, Bi1−xSbx alloys operate in a bipolar regime; as such, understanding

Heavy flavor jets provide ideal tools to probe the mass effect on jet substructure in both vacuum and quark-gluon plasma. An energy-energy correlator (EEC) is an excellent jet substructure observable owning to its strong sensitivity to jet physics at different scales. We perform a complete realistic simulation on medium modification of heavy and light flavor jet EECs in heavy-ion collisions. A clear

We found signatures of current-induced sliding motion in helimagnetic MnAu2 thin films. An abrupt change in differential resistivity occurred at a threshold bias current in the helimagnetic state, whereas it was absent in the induced ferromagnetic state. Broadband voltage noise also emerged above the threshold current in the helimagnetic state. Based on the similarity to canonical charge and spin density

Energy transfer and information transmission are two fundamental aspects of nature. They are seemingly unrelated, while recent findings suggest that a deep connection between them is to be discovered. This amounts to asking: Can we phrase the processes of transmitting classical bits equivalently as specific energy-transmitting tasks, thereby uncovering foundational links between them? We answer this

Perovskite has recently garnered significant attention as a promising semiconductor for optoelectronic applications and particularly for solar cells. In various applications, solar cells must be semi-transparent or even nearly fully transparent. Perovskite solar cells emerge as strong contenders to meet this requirement, owing to their remarkable versatility that allows for high transparency. Consequently

As a wide bandgap semiconductor, diamond holds both excellent electrical and thermal properties, making it highly promising in the electrical industry. However, its hole mobility is relatively low and dramatically decreases with increasing temperature, which severely limits further applications. Herein, we proposed that the hole mobility can be efficiently enhanced via slight compressive shear strain

Skyrmionic devices exhibit energy-efficient and high-integration data storage and computing capabilities due to their small size, topological protection, and low drive current requirements. So, to realize these devices, an extensive study, from fundamental physics to practical applications, becomes essential. In this article, we present an exhaustive review of the advancements in understanding the

We analyze effects of neutron-antineutron transitions in neutron stars, specifically on (i) cooling, (ii) rotation rate, and (iii) for binary pulsars, the increase in the orbital period. We show that these effects are negligibly small. Published by the American Physical Society 2025

We bootstrap all of the next-to-next-to-extremal one-loop four-point correlators of supergravitons and supergluons in AdS5 using a differential representation, and obtain closed formulas that are valid in both position space and Mellin space simultaneously. Published by the American Physical Society 2025

A search for light long-lived particles (LLPs) decaying to displaced jets is presented, using a data sample of proton–proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13.6 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 34.7 fb−1, collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in 2022. Novel trigger, reconstruction, and machine-learning techniques were developed for and employed in this search. After

A leading approach to algorithm design aims to minimize the number of operations in an algorithm’s compilation. One intuitively expects that reducing the number of operations may decrease the chance of errors. This paradigm is particularly prevalent in quantum computing, where gates are hard to implement and noise rapidly decreases a quantum computer’s potential to outperform classical computers. Here

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising cancer biomarkers due to their encapsulation of molecular signals reflective of originating tumor cells. Conventional analytical methods often fall short in comprehensive EV molecular profiling, necessitating innovative approaches for enhanced sensitivity and selectivity. This review focuses on the utilization of nanoplasmonic structures for optical

Solar fuel production through water splitting and CO2 reduction by employing photocatalytic materials is a paradigm track to present renewable energy sources and lessen global warming. Among these materials, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have been widely investigated in CO2 reduction and water splitting to produce chemical fuels. However, pure LDHs suffer from sluggish charge-carrier transport,

We study a model of self-propelled particles interacting with their k nearest neighbors through polar alignment. By exploring its phase space as a function of two nondimensional parameters (alignment strength g and Péclet number Pe), we identify two distinct order-disorder transitions. One occurs at a low critical g value independent of Pe, has no significant density-order coupling, and is consistent

The type IIB matrix model is a promising nonperturbative formulation of superstring theory, which may elucidate the emergence of (3+1)-dimensional space-time. However, the partition function is divergent due to the Lorentz symmetry, which is represented by a noncompact group. This divergence has been regularized conventionally by introducing some infrared cutoff, which breaks the Lorentz symmetry.

Exclusive diffractive meson production represents a golden channel for investigating gluonic saturation inside nucleons and nuclei. In this Letter, we settle a systematic framework to deal with beyond leading power corrections at small x, including the saturation regime, and obtain the γ*→M(ρ,ϕ,ω) impact factor with both incoming photon and outgoing meson carrying arbitrary polarizations. This is of

We show that the conditions allowing for a spontaneous breaking of the U(1)Y hypercharge gauge symmetry of the standard model (SM) in the early Universe are generically present in extensions of the SM addressing the generation of light neutrino masses via radiative contributions. In such scenarios, the breaking of (hyper)charge at high temperatures yields new possibilities for explaining the observed

Correction to: Nature Physics https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-022-01704-x, published online 18 August 2022.

The classical Fischer–Tropsch to Olefins (FTO) reaction is a pivotal method for converting syngas, derived from fossil energy sources, such as coal, biomass, and natural gas, into lower olefins. The growing interest in expanding or commercializing FTO has driven the development of catalysts with exceptional performance. Lower olefins (C2–4=) are widely used as fundamental components in everyday products

Skyrmions are particlelike vortices of magnetization with nontrivial topology, which are usually stabilized by Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions (DMI) in noncentrosymmetric bulk materials. Exceptions are centrosymmetric Gd- and Eu-based skyrmion-lattice (SL) hosts with zero DMI, where both the SL stabilization mechanisms and magnetic ground states remain controversial. We address these here by investigating

We present a stochastic dynamic model which can explain economic cycles. We show that the macroscopic description yields a complex dynamical landscape consisting of multiple stable fixed points, each corresponding to a split of the population into a large low and a small high income group. The stochastic fluctuations induce switching between the resulting metastable states and excitation oscillations

Spontaneous symmetry breaking can persist at all temperatures in certain biconical O(N)×Z2 vector models when the underlying field theories are ultraviolet complete. So far, the existence of such theories has been established in fractional dimensions for local but nonunitary models or in 2+1 dimensions but for nonlocal models. Here, we study local models at zero and finite temperature directly in 2+1

Magnetoelectric (ME) composites exhibit robust ME interfacial coupling because of the strong interaction between piezoelectricity and magnetostriction. The presence of two novel functionalities, i.e., direct and converse ME couplings, makes them ideal candidates for multifunctional devices such as energy harvesters, magnetic field sensors, ME random access memories, and ME antennas. In these ME composites

This study utilized co-sputtering to fabricate Mo-doped VO2 films and identified an optimal concentration exhibiting a lower phase transition temperature (Th = 55.8 °C) and a broader hysteresis window (Δ T = 13.6 °C). At the atomistic scale, it is demonstrated that Mo dopant-induced localized strain accelerates the phase transition, which leads to the relaxation of the tetragonal structure. Furthermore

Recently developed van der Waals magnets offer a promising platform for advancing spintronics. The weak interlayer antiferromagnetic exchange coupling in van der Waals antiferromagnets allows for unique spin dynamics and control over magnons. In this study, we present the excitation and detection of coherent magnon transport in the van der Waals antiferromagnet CrPS4. We observe pronounced coherent

We introduce the notion of jets, states of collinear flux-tube excitations. We argue for the analyticity, crossing, and unitarity of the multiparticle scattering of these jets and, through the S-matrix bootstrap, place bounds on a set of finite-energy multiparticle sum rules. Such bounds define a matrioska with a smaller and smaller allowed regions as we impose more constraints. The Yang-Mills flux

High-performing semiconductor thin films are crucial components in today's electronic age, finding extensive applications in devices and chips. Recently, there has been a significant trend toward incorporating lanthanide elements into these films, primarily driven by the escalating demand for photonic and optoelectronic applications. The featured article presents a detailed overview of the latest research

Developing reliable and efficient single-photon sources is crucial for advancing quantum technologies, relying on nonlinear frequency conversion or spontaneous emission from individual quantum emitters. While different types of single-photon sources excel in specific applications, none meet all criteria for an “ideal” source: exceptional brightness, high purity, and indistinguishability. To address

We study a single exactly massless staggered fermion in the fundamental representation of an SU(2) gauge group. We utilize an nHYP-smeared fermion action supplemented with additional heavy Pauli-Villars fields that serve to decrease lattice artifacts. The phase diagram exhibits a clear two-phase structure with a conformal phase at weak coupling and a novel new phase, the symmetric mass generation (SMG)

Although the mechanical response of DNA to physiological torsion and tension is well characterized, the detailed structures are not yet known. By using molecular dynamics simulations on linear DNA with 300 base-pairs, we provide, for the first time, the conformational phase diagram at atomic resolution. Our simulations also reveal the dynamics and diffusion of supercoils. We observe a new state in

We investigate the hidden amplitude zeros which describe a nontrivial vanishing of scattering amplitudes on special external kinematics. We first prove that every type of hidden zero is equivalent to what we call a “subset” enhanced scaling under Britto-Cachazo-Feng-Witten shifts for any rational function built from planar Lorentz invariants Xij=(pi+pi+1+⋯+pj−1)2. This directly applies to Tr(ϕ3), nonlinear

Phase transitions are fundamental phenomena in physics that have been extensively studied owing to their applications across diverse industrial sectors, including energy, power, healthcare, and the environment. An example of such applications in the energy sector is thermal energy storage using phase change materials. In such systems, and indeed in many other thermal systems, an emerging and promising

Experiments have shown that surfactant introduced to a liquid-filled maze can find the solution path. We reveal how the maze-solving dynamics arise from interactions between the added surfactant and endogenous surfactant present at the liquid surface. We simulate the dynamics using a nonlinear model solved with a discrete mimetic scheme on a graph. Endogenous surfactant transforms local spreading into

We devise and demonstrate a method to search for nongravitational couplings of ultralight dark matter to standard model particles using space-time separated atomic clocks and cavity-stabilized lasers. By making use of space-time separated sensors, which probe different values of an oscillating dark matter field, we can search for couplings that cancel in typical local experiments. This provides sensitivity