Gamma radiation technology to modify the various characteristics and properties of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites has been utilized at a vast rate. In the present study, composites of recycled-polypropylene reinforced with bio-waste Delonix regia pods have been prepared via extrusion and injection moulding and irradiated with gamma dose. A total of 9 experiments having 3 levels (10 wt%

Curium targets are irradiated in high-flux reactors to produce californium-252 (Cf-252). Thermalized neutron spectrum is favorable for Cf-252 production, so traditional methods deploy moderators around the curium targets to optimize the neutron spectrum. However, using moderators alone cannot achieve fine spectrum optimization, and does not necessarily result in better Cf-252 production. We conducted

(K,Rb)2CuBr3 crystals were fabricated by the slow cooling method, and their photoluminescence (PL) and scintillation properties were examined. Emission bands were observed at 350–550 nm under UV and X-ray irradiation. PL quantum yields of K2CuBr3, (K0.25,Rb0.75)2CuBr3, (K0.5,Rb0.5)2CuBr3, (K0.75,Rb0.25)2CuBr3, and Rb2CuBr3 were respectively 75.8, 71.0, 82.3, 96.9, and 96.3%. The scintillation decay

The interactions of low energy He and Ar ions with pure W target were simulated by a new Monte-Carlo (MC) based computer code which was designed to insure maximum accuracy. For these irradiation systems, incident ions projected ranges in the target material, sputtering yield, and the percentage of backscattered ions at various incident energies were studied. furthermore, the effect of the angle of

Compact closed-form expressions of the beam shape coefficients (BSCs) of Gaussian beams are obtained in the generalized Lorenz-Mie theory through the finite series (FS) method. As a result, such expressions have made it possible to more deeply understand the behaviour of the BSCs and, therefore, the scattering of Gaussian beams beyond the paraxial approximation. The blowing up, in particular, of FS

We study localized surface plasmon excitations on a set of two coupled two-dimensional (2D) gold nanoparticles as a nanoantenna by using the multiple multipoles (MMP) method. We investigate the plasmon spectrum as a function of the nanoparticle's size, the background index of refraction, and the separating gap between the nanoparticles in order to provide proper means to tune the underlying plasmon

High resolution (0.0014 cm−1) infrared spectra of neopentane (2,2-dimethylpropane) have been recorded at 203 K at the Canadian Light Source. Spectra were recorded in the infrared (8.3-6.4 μm) with 8 m of optical path. Neopentane is a spherical top molecule with Td (tetrahedral) symmetry. A low temperature is favorable for a detailed rotational analysis of its fundamental bands. This study focuses on

In this work, we have investigated the performance of a 4H–SiC radiation sensor in the temperature range from 25 °C to 450 °C to explore its compatibility as detector of fast ion losses in plasma diagnostic of future nuclear fusion reactors. To simulate the escape of fusion-born alpha particles in D-T (deuterium-tritium) fusion plasmas, spectroscopic measurements were carried out in a vacuum chamber

47Sc could be used in SPECT imaging and is also suitable for targeted therapy of small tumors. Application of 47Sc is quite promising as theranostic with its diagnostic pair 44Sc or 43Sc. Excitation functions for the production of 47Sc and its accompanying impurities through proton bombardment of natural calcium carbonate (natCaCO3) targets were experimentally evaluated and compared with both previous

Radiation-induced graft polymerization is widely used in the synthesis of polymeric materials with various functionalities; however, the details of the reaction mechanism are still unresolved. Herein, the initial stage of the graft polymerization reaction was investigated through atomic force microscopy (AFM). We used glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) in methanol (monomer solution) and a high-density polyethylene

The absorption spectra of trace water vapor in N2 gas with a mole fraction of 500 nmol/mol in the pressure range of 20 kPa to 140 kPa were obtained near 7181 cm−1 using wavelength-meter-controlled cavity ring-down spectroscopy (WMC-CRDS). The reference gas (water vapor in N2 gas) was produced using a generation system of primary measurement standards for trace moisture in gases, where the amount of

Many materials manufacturing, photobiochemical, and photoelectrochemical processes involve radiation transfer through foams and bubbly fluids. Controlling and optimizing these processes require accurate predictions of radiation transfer through semitransparent media. Previously developed models treated the heterogeneous media as homogeneous plane-parallel slabs with some effective radiation characteristics

Globally, light pollution is a phenomenon rising in its appearance and threatening human health and natural habitats for flora and fauna. Consequently, there is a great interest in interdisciplinary communities to keep an eye on its occurrence and development. One possibility to obtain meaningful data are satellite-based observations, coming mainly from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite

The objective of this investigation was to assess the computed tomography dose index (CTDI) for various tube potentials utilizing epoxy and polyester-resin phantoms, and compare the results to those obtained from a standard polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) phantom, employing the GEANT4/GATE simulation framework. Three cylindrical phantoms with a diameter of 32 cm were simulated from epoxy resin, polyester

A model of the 60Co gamma irradiation facility in Croatia has been developed using the Monte Carlo code PHITS for particle transport. For the high dose rate area (i.e. inside the source rack), the calculated dose rate distribution was compared with the measurements performed with the chemical ethanol-chlorobenzene dosimeters and good agreement was observed with a relative difference of up to 6%. For

We use optical frequency comb Fourier transform spectroscopy to record high-resolution, low-pressure, room-temperature spectra of formaldehyde (H212C16O) in the range of 1250 to 1390 cm−1. Through line-by-line fitting, we retrieve line positions and intensities of 747 rovibrational transitions: 558 from the ν6 band, 129 from the ν4 band, and 14 from the ν3 band, as well as 46 from four different hot

When traditional optically pumped metastable rare gas laser (OPRGL) operating in high power output, a potential issue may arise: electromagnetic interference (EMI) caused by large volume atmospheric pressure discharge. This EMI problem imposes limitations on the application of OPRGL. We propose a new idea of preparing metastable atoms by 532 nm laser-induced preionization, which has the potential to

The linear polarization of magnetic-quadrupole emission lines 1s22s2p3/23P2→1s22s21S0 and 1s2s22p3/23P2→1s22s21S0 following electron-impact excitation of Be-like ions with nuclear spin I=1/2 is studied by employing the density-matrix theory and the relativistic distorted-wave theory. To explore the effects of the hyperfine interaction, detailed calculations are performed for the polarization of the

Proton-boron capture therapy (PBCT) has been proposed as a new method to enhance effectiveness of proton therapy. There is, however, no consensus on its potential effectiveness. Most theoretical studies have been done at a macroscopic level. At cellular dimensions, however, the dose ratio with PBCT can be strongly favourable due to proton-boron reactions. The goal of this study was to investigate the

We developed a cellulose upgrading method based on electron beam processing technology by using a carbon-carbon double bond-containing ionic liquid as an auxiliary reagent. The irradiation of cellulose was implemented by a 10 MeV high-energy electron accelerator or a 200 keV low-energy electron accelerator. The established method enabled grafting of the ionic liquid onto cellulose while triggering

The varied radiological applications of tissue equivalent (TE) materials encompass quality checks, diagnostic imaging, and dose evaluations. However, the availability of compounds representing paediatric patient tissues for scientific use in lower diagnostic photon energy spectra is limited. In this study, several TE substitutes were developed to replicate the radiographic characteristics of neonatal

Radiative cooling offers a wide range of potential applications in the current promotion of clean energy. However, the radiative cooling potential is generally underestimated, accounting for ignoring the effect of aerosols on atmospheric longwave downward radiation. This paper proposes an atmospheric segmentation model to improve the accuracy of radiative cooling potential prediction. The heat transfer

Seven bioactive glasses in the system (50-x) B2O3–4P2O5–26CaO–20Na2O-xZnO: (x = 0–15 mol%) have been produced using melt quenching route. The prepared samples coded as BG1-BG7. The physical properties, average optical basicity, electronegativity, electronic polarizability, and radiation attenuation competence of the BG1-BG7 glasses have been examined. Non-crystalline state of samples confirmed via

The sand particles obtain net charges due to the friction and collision in sand and dust storms (SDS), which can produce a strong environmental electric field. The impact of the electric field in SDS on the wave propagation is unclear. A theoretical model for studying the wave attenuation is presented using the equivalent medium theory. In this model, the discrete SDS is assumed as a continuous medium

The physical, structural, mechanical, and radiation (gamma photon and neutron) shielding properties of CRT screen glass and Bi2O3 mixtures are presented in this study with the aim of adopting them as cheap, transparent, and environmentally safe glass shields for radiation protection purposes. Bi2O3-doped CRT screen glass samples are prepared by the ball milling and cold press methods and coded as TVS

Ro-vibrational spectra of the ν3 and ν6 bands of chloromethane (CH3Cl) were recorded in the 650–1130 cm−1 range using a Fourier transform spectrometer at the AILES beamline of the SOLEIL synchrotron facility. Two isotopologues (CH335Cl and CH337Cl) have been analyzed with the tensorial formalism developed in Dijon and a total of 6753 lines were assigned. We derived 23 tensorial parameters for the lines

A solution using a gamma-ray beam to measure the thickness of materials with different elemental composition is necessary as this issue has not been previously addressed. Traditionally, a linear calibration curve is only utilized to determine the thickness of a specific material. This means that multiple separate calibration curves must be used when measuring the thickness of different types of materials

Irradiated fig pomace pyrochar (IrrPyrFP) is noteworthy as a novel sterilized low-cost sorbent of BTEX, pesticides, and Pb2+ ions. It was produced by applying pyrolysis treatment followed by gamma irradiation modification in order to obtain a highly efficient and sterile sorbent. The characterization of fig pomace before and after pyrolysis, as well as before and after irradiation of the obtained pyrochar

77Br (T1/2 = 57 h) is an important auger electron emitter used in internal radiotherapy. For the cyclotron production of 77Br, the charged particle induced reactions namely 75As(α,2n)77Br, 77Se(p,n)77Br, 78Se(p,2n)77Br, and 80Se(p,4n)77Br were critically evaluated. Literature experimental data were normalized according to the modern standard of the decay data and monitor reactions. Three nuclear model

One of the most effective methods for producing radioisotopes aimed at Nuclear Medicine applications, such as 99mTc and 99Mo, is to use a compact proton accelerator located near hospitals. Target utilization efficiency is a critical factor in the production of these isotopes, through the 100Mo(p, 2n)99mTc and 100Mo(p, pn)99Mo nuclear reaction routes. To maximize the utilization efficiency, a multi-layer

The investigation of the 3.8 µm spectral region of acetylene 12C2H2 main isotopologue has been completed from spectra recorded with Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) using high optical path length. This work is the second of a series dedicated to the ΔP = 4 spectral region. In the first paper of the series (JQSRT 2023;295:108413) 14 bands of 12C2H2 were studied in the beginning of the region. In

Abstract not available

Abstract not available

The optomechanical interplay of a Bessel beam (an optical vortex) with a gold nanorod (GNR) in water is theoretically studied. The optical force and torque exerted on the GNR are analyzed using Maxwell's stress tensor to investigate the transfer rates of the orbital angular momentum (OAM) and the spin angular momentum (SAM) densities of Bessel beam into the orbital and spin torques upon GNR, respectively

Aims Microdosimetric indicators are commonly used to describe the energy deposition characteristics of ionizing radiation at the subcellular and DNA levels to predict radiation-induced biological effects. Monoenergetic electrons and beta-emitting radionuclides (β nuclides) have a certain range in low-density media, and their microdosimetric indicators in the cell nucleus are of great significance for

High energetic gamma rays are used in different fields and thus it may cause high risks for public if it is absorbed over limited dose. In order to be protected from these hazardous effect of radiation, the shielding is an effective ways and this requires shielding materials. For this purpose the gamma radiation shielding parameters for four different types glasses which was formulated as (25-x)Ca

Sodium borophosphate parent glass in conjugation with other derived samples containing adaptable amounts of bismuth oxide at the expense of phosphate partner was prepared via the ordinary melt-quenching technique. Synthesized samples were investigated using Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The undercover or overlapped peaks were estimated using the deconvolution analysis technique (DAT)

Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, 400-700 nm), as a sub-band in solar shortwave radiation (280-2800 nm), has profoundly affected vegetation primary productivity and biogeochemical cycles of carbon. However, few previous studies focused on the quantitative effects of aerosols on PAR, a sub-band of the shortwave spectrum, during the winter haze period. Based on ground-based remote sensing observations

The uniquely strong radiative properties of the cyano-radical (CN) make it an important species to model in high-enthalpy, nonequilibrium flows containing carbon and nitrogen. In this work, spectroscopic models for the Violet and Red systems of CN have been developed and validated at wavelengths in both the ultraviolet (UV) and near-infrared (NIR) regimes that would provide quantitative CN rovibrational

In this study, the gamma-ray attenuation properties and transmission factors of different types of glasses formed in the (B2O3)x[(ZnO)0.60-(SiO2)0.40]1-x system as a function of increasing heavy metal oxide ratio were investigated. For transmission factor and absorption coefficient calculations, the general-purpose Monte Carlo code MCNPX (2.7.0) was used. In addition, the Phy-X/PSD code is used to

This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of evaporation and gamma irradiation on physicochemical characteristics, antibacterial properties, and antioxidant activity of selected high-quality herbal honey (SH3), an Indonesian traditional herbal medicine recipe. Treatments consisted of untreated sample, evaporated SH3, irradiated SH3, and evaporated-irradiated SH3. Gamma irradiation dose of

We discuss how the range of information available from microparticle analysis can be extended in a number of applications by measuring a specific set of optical properties of individual particles using light scattering. Central to these measurements are the real and imaginary components of the forward scattered field, the former being equal to the extinction cross-section except for a few particle-independent

A highly accurate ro-vibrational analysis of FTIR spectra (line positions of 13CD4 and line strengths of both the 12CD4 and 13CD4 species) is presented. The high-resolution infrared spectra of both molecules were measured with a Bruker IFS125 HR Fourier transform infrared spectrometer at an optical resolution of 0.003 cm−1 and analyzed in the regions of 800–1400 cm−1 where the ν2/ν4 dyad is located

The chronology study of river terraces is important to reconstruct the history of regional climate change and tectonic uplift. Due to greater signal dose saturation levels, electron spin resonance (ESR) dating became as a potentially powerful tools for the chronology of Middle Pleistocene terraces. In this study, two profiles of terrace fluvial sediments from the Sanggan River Canyon were dated using

In this study, the TL dosimetric properties of α-Al2O3:C dosimeters were investigated within the diagnostic radiology energy range, using different radiation sources (beta, gamma, and X-ray). The TL glow curve kinetic parameters of the dosimeter were calculated using different methods such as initial rise, fractional glow, various heating rates and numerical methods of computerized glow curve deconvolution

Radiation transmittance properties of the functionally graded hybrid composite material with B4C + TiO2 at various proportions were analyzed using the Phy-x/PSD software. The parameters of mass attenuation coefficient and linear attenuation coefficient, tenth-value layer and half-value layer, mean free path, effective atomic number, exposure building factor, electron density, fast neutron removal cross-section

With the performance improvement of soft contact lenses (SCLs) over the past few decades, their global use and market have steadily expanded. Consequently, contamination by disposable SCLs has become a potential threat to the environment. From the perspective of sustainable development goals, overcoming this issue requires the development of new biodegradable SCL materials based on plant-derived cellulose

In this study, a realistic model was employed to research the LiF:Mg:Ti behavior (commercially known as TLD-100), a widely employed as thermoluminescent (TL) material in dosimetry services. The research was focused on exploring the association between the Figure of Merit (FOM) function and deviations from the true kinetic parameter values, that were obtained through fitting experimental measures. FOM

Ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMC) actuators were fabricated by applying ionic exchange groups such as sulfonic acids and carboxylic acids using EB graft-polymerization to two types of fluorine-based copolymers (Poly (tetrafluoroethylene-co-hexafluoropropylene): FEP and Poly (ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene): ETFE) as base materials, and then forming electrodes with Pt-Pd by sputtering. The physical

Workers occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation, including nuclear medicine workers, are one of the groups at higher risk of a radiation cataract. Reducing the lens dose limit from 150 mSv/year to 20 mSv (averaged over defined periods of 5 yrs, or 50 mSv in 1 yr) makes other risk factors less obvious. The presented work is a review of the literature not only in the scope of the most obvious risk

The approximation of real non-spherical scatterers by spheroids is used in various applications. It often requires fast massive calculations of the optical properties of spheroids. The most powerful approach to that is known to be a field expansion in terms of spheroidal wave functions, in particular, in the way suggested by Farafonov over 30 years ago. We improve the main shortcomings of such an approach

Luminescence studies focusing on sodium chloride crystals have been conducted in various parts of the world, including Brazil, India, Greece, Türkiye, Australia, Spain, and Poland. This material shows great promise in the field of dosimetry, as it has demonstrated high sensitivity, excellent reproducibility, a linear response, and a low minimum detectable dose. Moreover, it holds significant potential

The aqueous phase of DNA, which is more realistic phase due to the presence of H-bonds is studied in this work for various molecular processes upon electron impact. We report computed probabilities of various interaction processes taking place during the collision of electrons with DNA molecules, viz., Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine and Uracil in their aqueous phase. Modified spherical complex

The high-resolution H2O absorption spectra induced by CO2 pressure have been recorded using a Bruker IFS 125 HR FTIR spectrometer at room temperature in the 5150–5550 cm–1 spectral region. A multispectrum fitting procedure has been applied to these spectra to recover the spectral line parameters using the speed-dependent Voigt profile. The water vapor line broadening and shift coefficients for lines

Irradiation of deaerated aqueous solutions containing Tl2SO4 and alcohols (CH3OH, C2H5OH, or (CH3)2СНOH) with accelerated electrons results in the formation of a colloidal solution of the metal, which gradually coagulates to form a microporous precipitate. The metal formation efficiency increases in going from CH3OH to C2H5OH and then to (CH3)2СНOH and with increasing pH of the solutions from 4.5 to

The choice of dosimetric materials for precise retrospective dose assessment in case of any emergencies is very challenging. Since few decades, electronic components like ceramic resistors, inductors, IC chips, surface mount resistors and inductors have been proven to be suitable candidates for dose estimation using thermoluminesce (TL)/optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) techniques. In this work

The shape of the dose-response curve (DRC) of the OSL signal in the high dose range limits the dating range. No agreement between natural and laboratory DRC for doses close to saturation is indicated in OSL dating using quartz. The natural curve rises slower to a saturation level that is clearly lower than the saturation level of the laboratory curve. The latter is often a sum of a single saturating