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This letter presents an accurate magnetic coupling coefficient ( $k$ ) model for a through-silicon via (TSV)-based 3-D transformer. The $k$ factor can be precisely derived from the self-inductance and mutual inductance, which are calculated by various analytical formulas based on physical geometries. The results of this model correspond well with those of Q3D extractor and high-frequency structural

In this letter, a microwave imaging strategy based on an artificial neural network (ANN) is applied, for the first time, to experimental data gathered from simplified neck phantoms. The ANN is used for solving the underlying inverse scattering problem, with the aim of retrieving the dielectric properties of the neck for monitoring and diagnostic purposes. The ANN is trained using simulated phantoms

In a frequency-domain chipless RFID system, the backscattered signal from a tag is directly obtained in the frequency domain over limited bandwidth. However, to reduce the parasitic reflections, it is crucial to obtain the backscattered signal in the time domain. This letter proposes a precise quasi-analytic method, known as the model-based vector fitting (VF) technique, to provide the closed-form

A microfluidically reconfigurable slow wave phase shifter (MRPS) with integrated actuation is introduced. MRPS is based on a selectively metalized plate (SMP) repositionable within a microfluidic channel placed in close proximity to a microstrip line. SMP repositioning creates a variable capacitive loading to alter the speed of the propagating wave. The device exhibits < 2 dB insertion loss (IL) and

The theory, design, and implementation of a millimeter-wave (mm-wave) two-stage common-emitter (CE) low noise amplifier (LNA) using a 130-nm silicon-germanium (SiGe):C Bipolar CMOS technology is presented. The LNA was optimized for wideband performance from 62 to 110 GHz for both mm-wave radar/sensing and wireless communication applications. A two-stage broadband noise and impedance matching technique

This letter presents a novel design for a 3-D-printed circular waveguide dual-mode (CWDM) filter with a modified cavity shape. The modification leads to a wide spurious-free stopband, which is highly desirable for channel separation in waveguide contiguous output multiplexers (OMUXs) in satellite communication systems. The new resonant cavity design is a result of applying shape deformation to a basic

In this letter, the modified flat-roofed sine waveguide slow-wave structure (FRSWG-SWS) is proposed for the wideband high-power sub-terahertz traveling-wave tube (sub-THz TWT), which possesses the advantages of wide operating bandwidth, low loss, minimal reflection, and ease of fabrication. The simulation results demonstrate that the transmission parameter is more than −5.0 dB in the frequency range

This letter presents a novel vertical waveguide-to-microstrip self-diplexing transition for dual-band applications. The transition is realized with standard printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturing processing, making it suitable for mass production and practical applications. A standard waveguide is screwed on the topside of the stack-up. Dual-band self-diplexing operation is achieved by coupling

This letter presents a novel miniaturized dual-band bandpass filter (BPF) using a dual-mode dielectric waveguide resonator (DWR). The DWR is a cylinder dielectric block with the surface being silver-coated. The two modes are TM010 and TM011 modes, which are used to construct the two passbands. The frequency of them can be adjusted by changing the radius and the height of the cylinder DWR and the frequency

In this letter, a broadband rectifier with a wide-incident-angle (WIA) property is proposed. The circuit is composed of a broadband quadrature coupler (BQC) and two broadband subrectifiers (RectA and RectB). Here, RectA and RectB are connected to the two output ports of the BQC and combined by a direct current (dc) power combiner. Then, the obtained dc power is transmitted to the load resistor. Besides

Undersampling is an effective way to reduce the cost of digital predistortion (DPD), but it poses challenges for signal alignment, especially for fractional delay alignment. In this letter, a Taylor expansion-based method for fractional delay approximation solution is proposed. To verify the proposed alignment algorithm, the basis manifold regularization (BMR) is introduced to ensure that the DPD can

In this letter, a broadband waveguide magic-T with compact size is presented. A grounded suspended stripline has been used to obtain broadband isolation characteristics and increase power capacity. The inner ridge-matching structure is used to achieve broadband matching. The method and design process of the demonstrated magic-T are described in detail. The measured 15-dB bandwidth is about 30.3%, almost

This study presents a high-linearity K - band single-pole double-throw (SPDT) switch with asymmetric topology in a 65-nm CMOS process for 5G applications. To simultaneously obtain high power-handling capability and high isolation in the Tx and Rx modes, respectively, we propose an SPDT switch using asymmetric topology and the stacked-transistor technique. In both the Tx/Rx modes, the proposed SPDT

In this letter, a 10–43-GHz low-noise amplifier (LNA) monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) is designed in a commercial 0.15- $\mu \text{m}$ GaAs E-mode pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistor (pHEMT) technology. In the proposed LNA circuit, a novel coupled-line (CL)-based positive feedback structure is employed with the bandpass characteristic. By carefully tuning its coupling factor

This letter presents a fully-integrated 2-bit CMOS voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) along with a 2-bit buffer, which delivers the highest RF output power among recently reported state-of-the-art to the best of the authors’ knowledge. The proposed 2-bit VCO is designed and fabricated in a $0.18-\mu \text{m}$ CMOS process with a die size of 1.2 mm $\times$ 1.2 mm, which covers four frequency bands

This letter presents a low-power current-reuse and device-reuse low noise amplifier (LNA) for sub-GHz wideband applications. Based on the shunt-feedback common-gate (SFBCG) hybrid topology and the proposed current/device-reuse shunt-feedback (SFB) technique, $g_{m}$ restriction is alleviated. Moreover, the degree of design freedom is added by coupling the output to the gate of the in-phase current

A low-power and low noise-figure (NF) 3.1–23.7-GHz CMOS variable-gain amplifier (VGA) is presented. The VGA composes of a complimentary common-source (CCS) first stage, followed by a common-source (CS) second stage. Low power and NF and wideband $S_{11}$ and $S_{21}$ are achieved due to the current-reused CCS input stage with multiple inductive impedance matching and gain compensation. A large gain

In this letter, we report the near quantum-limited performance of a 230 GHz endfire superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) mixer utilizing a Nb/Al-AlOx/Nb trilayer. An important feature of this mixer is its use of a unilateral finline for the waveguide-to-planar circuit transition, which allows for a wide radiofrequency (RF) bandwidth, a simple waveguide structure with easy alignment, and for

In this letter, the current source implementations are presented for the hybrid implicit–explicit finite-difference time-domain (HIE-FDTD), the improved HIE-FDTD, and the leapfrog HIE-FDTD methods. The asymmetry and the field errors of these HIE-FDTD methods are investigated for all possible values of the time index parameters. The proposed implementations give very low asymmetry and field errors for

A silicon photonics millimeter-wave (mm-wave) radar receiver (RX) integrated circuit (IC) for a multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) imaging radar is presented. Optical clock distributed over fiber enables coherent operation of several transceiver frontends for large apertures and finer angular resolution in the MIMO imaging radars. All electronic and photonic components needed to receive the optical

This letter presents a $D$ -band low-noise amplifier (LNA) in 250-nm InP HBT technology for the next-generation wireless applications. The LNA has a measured peak gain of 13 dB, a 3-dB bandwidth greater than 20 GHz (120–140 GHz), and a measured noise figure (NF) of less than 6 dB in the band. A reduction in the 3-dB bandwidth from simulation was observed during the measurements which was attributed

This letter reports a new theoretical analysis of third-order intermodulation (IM3) reduction in nonlinear communication amplifiers by signal injection. On the basis of well-known Volterra series analysis, we put forward a general model that can analyze both the qualitative and quantitative effects of injected signal parameters on output IM3s, which previous literatures failed to achieve. Our theory

A two-stage 180-nm CMOS wideband (14–22 GHz) power amplifier (PA) with a superimposed staggered technique and defected-ground-structure (DGS) inductors is introduced, where a wideband peaking main stage is designed at the center frequency; then, a superimposed dual-band (SDB) driver stage is proposed to obtain the optimally flat gain response over the whole bandwidth (BW). Also, DGS inductors are used

In general, it is known that magnetic induction (MI) wireless power transfer (WPT) is used at a short distance (~several millimeters) and magnetic resonance (MR) WPT is applied at a longer distance (more than several tens of centimeters). In this letter, it is shown that the MR coil can be robustly designed to have higher efficiency, even when the load impedance changes significantly at short distances

This work presents a new topology of evanescent mode filter (EMF) that allows for its efficient additive manufacturing (AM). Chamfered ridges which avoid the appearance of undesired supports when printed vertically (i.e., along the propagation axis of the filter) are considered. This strategy ensures accurate tolerances, reduced cost and it also enables monolithic manufacturing of the EMF as part of

This letter proposes a multifrequency impedance matching broadband power amplifier (PA) design, which is different from the traditional PA impedance value changes with the change in the operating frequency. This method selects the impedance value of the transistor device through the load–pulling system. Then, matching networks composed of a cascade of microstrip lines are used to match the device impedance

Presents the table of contents for this issue of the publication.

Presents a listing of the editorial board, board of governors, current staff, committee members, and/or society editors for this issue of the publication.

These instructions give guidelines for preparing papers for this publication. Presents information for authors publishing in this journal.

This letter presents a power amplifier (PA) design and network synthesis approach to achieve wideband and efficient performance with a very compact circuit size. A design method is presented in detail to convert a canonical filter-based high-order matching network to the proposed matching configuration with transistor parasitic and packaged elements absorption, and a compact passive network footprint

This letter presents a low-cost third-harmonic mixer suitable for ${W}$ -band retrodirective systems. Measured results show that when fixing the local oscillator (LO) frequency at 35 GHz, the conversion loss (CL) below 11 dB is achieved over the radio frequency (RF) range of 100–110 GHz with intermediate frequency (IF) from dc to 5 GHz, while for the RF range of 108 GHz, the minimum CL of 6.8 dB is

This letter proposes a direct matrix synthesis approach for filters with cascaded extracted-pole (EP) sections. The novel synthesis technique is based on the observation that an EP section is a special case of a singlet with a zero mainline coupling. With proper phase lengths inserted into a cross-coupled network, cascaded EP sections can be directly synthesized from the canonical wheel form by a sequence

The coefficients of digital predistortion (DPD) models are often extracted by the least square (LS) method, which has high computational complexity because of the operations of the large matrix. In this letter, a low complexity coefficient extraction method for instantaneous sample indexed magnitude-selective affine (I-MSA) model is proposed. The proposed method uses the tangent of the midpoint of

In this letter, an efficient and compact tri-band rectifier with large frequency ratio is proposed, which adopts a novel low-cost direct current (dc)-pass filter structure in the design. Three large frequency ratio rectifiers are combined together by using diode arrays with a frequency-selective topology without additional impedance matching networks. The dc-pass filter is composed of microstrip line

Digital predistortion is widely used to compensate the nonlinear distortion of power amplifiers (PAs). Among the digital predistortion methods, the polynomial or deep neural networks (DNNs) models are only adopted with one specific state. When the operating conditions of PAs change, it is necessary to retrain and update the coefficients of the PA model. The generalization ability of the DNN models

Based on an auxiliary differential equation (ADE) and a new temporal basis function, we propose a 3-D ADE finite-difference time-domain method (FDTD) with weighted Laguerre polynomials (WLPs), 3-D ADE-WLP-FDTD for short, to calculate wave propagation in general dispersive materials. Our proposed method introduces a linear combination of three WLPs as a temporal basis to improve computational efficiency

This letter details the metallization process of 3-D-printed WR-28 and WR-10 waveguides using electroplating. The 3-D printing technique is stereolithography, so the printed parts are plastic-based. A two-step metallization process is followed: a premetallization with nickel spray to make the part conductive and a subsequent electroplating process, emphasizing the chemical compounds and quantities

The letter demonstrates a coaxial transmission line-to-substrate integrated waveguide (CT-SIW) transition using aperture-coupling approach. The method broadens the bandwidth (BW) and reduces the transition insertion loss (IL). Two coaxial line supports with apertures for coupling are attached at the ends of substrate integrated waveguide (SIW). The copper inlaid of the apertures increases coupling

In this letter, a dual-mode rotary traveling-wave oscillator (RTWO) is proposed to achieve wide operation bandwidth and multiple phases. Two twisted differential transmission lines are coupled together to form the dual-mode traveling-wave resonator. Sixteen pairs of back-to-back inverters and capacitors are connected to the resonators to introduce the multicore multi-phase operation. The mode switches

This letter presents a low-resolution multiband transmitter architecture using direct digital synthesis (DDS) with dithering. Modern modulated signals constructed by a low-resolution digital-to-analog converter (DAC) suffer from quantization errors and distortions. The proposed technique reduces the quantization problems with the use of a proper oversampling ratio (OSR) and the dithering technique

This letter presents a 39-GHz phase-inverting variable gain power amplifier (VGPA) for 5G communication. Adopting a Gilbert structure-based variable gain amplifier (VGA) stage, the VGPA realized the dB-linear gain control characteristic as well as 180° phase inversion. At 0°/180° phase states, the 39-GHz VGPA achieves the maximum gain of 38.7/38.9 dB with gain tuning range of 5.6/5.2 dB, respectively

In this letter, two basis function multiplexing-based behavioral modeling methods for digital predistortion (DPD) of RF power amplifiers (PAs) are proposed to reduce the running complexity of DPD. The proposed full basis-propagating selection (FBPS) model and reduced-complexity FBPS (RC-FBPS) model give two reasonable ways to multiplex even-order basis functions, extending the basis-propagating selection

This letter presents a fully integrated frequency doubler in the TSMC 28-nm CMOS technology. MOS transistor capacitor neutralization is introduced in the differential driving amplifier, which shows better robustness than MOM capacitor neutralization under PVT variations. Besides, a stacked transformer-based balun is designed to achieve good balance performance. The effect of dummy metal on the performance

A power combined wideband power amplifier (PA) covering the $J$ -band (220–320 GHz) is presented in 130-nm BiCMOS technology. The input power is split by two cascaded 1-to-2 power splitters with amplification stages in-between. The four split signals drive four output stages, which have their outputs combined within a 4-way zero-degree combiner. The splitting and combining networks also incorporate

In this letter, a low-profile dual-band frequency selective surface (FSS) is designed as a polarizer for satellite communication. This single-layered FSS with a meandered open loop intersected by a metallic strip behaves as a dual sense polarizer. It converts linearly polarized (LP) EM waves of frequency range 2.01–2.64 GHz into left-hand circularly polarized (LHCP) EM waves. Similarly, the LP waves

In this letter, we design a magnetically coupled resonant wireless power transfer (MCR-WPT) system on the conformal cylindrical surface based on the flexible printed circuit (FPC) coils. The coil has the advantages of small size, lightweight, and high bendability. We combine mathematics and simulations to explore the relationship between the self-inductance/mutual inductance of the flexible coil and

An air-filled mode selective transmission line (AF-MSTL) consisting of an opened groove gap waveguide (GWG) and an inverted coplanar waveguide (CPW) is proposed in this letter. By using the electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure, the electrical contacts of AF-MSTL are not required during the assembly process. To verify the design, the AF-MSTL prototype, connected to two designed grounded-CPW (GCPW)

A method for modeling the interconnection and signal transmission performance of double bond ribbons with configuration variation has been proposed. Arc interval function parameterization has been used to define the geometry of bond ribbons. The coupling model was created using the equivalent circuit approach, taking into account the mutual coupling between two ribbons. The average relative error of

For time-domain electromagnetics, the choice of time scheme is very pivotal. Usually, an explicit time scheme has the stability constraint on small grid size. Though the implicit time scheme is unconditionally stable, it has a necessary expense of computing the global system at each time iteration. To alleviate the expensive computational cost, a new explicit-implicit hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin

This letter presents a four-way power combined $D$ -band power amplifier (PA) in 0.13- $\mu \text{m}$ SiGe technology. The conventional cascode topology is modified by adding an additional interstage network between the common-emitter (CE) and common-base (CB) devices. Further techniques, such as power combining and adaptive bias circuits, are implemented to boost the power generation and the efficiency

In this letter, a spatial modes filtering finite-element time-domain (SMF-FETD) method combined with dual-field domain decomposition (DFDD) is proposed for analyzing 2-D electromagnetic structures with fine features. The SMF-FETD method can obtain unconditional stability by removing unstable modes. Thus, a large time step is available in the SMF-FETD method though the fine features exist. However,

In this letter, a wideband coaxial to air-filled waveguide transition is proposed, which has been realized by the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology. The present design incorporates several air-filled vias of varying hole diameter to efficiently match the impedance over a wide operating bandwidth in the dominant TE10 mode, hence replacing the need for dielectric taper or larger footprint

A full characterization and modeling methodology for the electrical transitions introduced by coaxial connectors serving as interfaces for accessing microstrip (MS) lines is presented and verified up to 40 GHz. The associated two-port network parameters are obtained from measurements performed on MS lines of different lengths. Subsequently, two circuit models for the transition are proposed and used

This work introduces a new topology for designing low-phase noise (PN) dual-band voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) by proposing orthogonally located inductors in 0.18- $\mu \text{m}$ CMOS. The inductors are implemented using five metal layers keeping the lowest layer empty to maximize the quality ( $Q$ ) factor. The first inductor is two halves shunted octagonal loops using the top layer (M6) and

To quantify the effect of air gap on the dielectric constant measurement of low-loss materials, this letter presents the first quantitative study of the effect of five different shapes on the dielectric constant measurement using three low-loss materials as examples. The experimental results show that if low-loss materials’ dielectric constant measurement error is controlled within 5%, the air gap

This letter proposes a wide-range reconfigurable bandpass filter (WRBPF) based on the cross-shape triple-mode resonator. Varactor diodes and switching diodes are utilized at the ends of the resonator and the positions of external coupling, which combines the two working modes of the low-frequency band and high-frequency band, greatly broaden the tunable range of the center frequency ( $f_{0}$ ). When