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Digital sleep phenotype and wrist actigraphy in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis and people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2025-02-10 Rosario Aronica,Edoardo Giuseppe Ostinelli,Charlotte Austin,Dominic Oliver,Philip McGuire,Paolo Brambilla,John Torous,Andrea Cipriani
AIM To identify sleep abnormalities in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) or with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) compared with healthy controls (HCs) using wrist actigraphy, and to assess potential differences in the direction of effect with self-reported assessments of sleep. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of observational studies, with the search last updated
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Will things feel better in the morning? A time-of-day analysis of mental health and wellbeing from nearly 1 million observations. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2025-02-04 Feifei Bu,Jessica K Bone,Daisy Fancourt
BACKGROUND Mood is known to change over seasons of the year, days of the week, and even over the course of the day (diurnally). But although broader mental health and well-being also vary over months and weeks, it is unclear whether there are diurnal changes in how people experience and report their mental health. OBJECTIVE To assess time-of-day association with depression, anxiety, well-being and
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A qualitative study exploring the feasibility and acceptability of computerised adaptive testing to assess and monitor children and young people's mental health in primary care settings in the UK. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2025-01-31 William Lan,Joanna Anderson,Jan Stochl,Peter B Jones,Tamsin Ford,Anne-Marie Burn
BACKGROUND The increasing prevalence of mental health disorders among adolescents highlights the importance of early identification and intervention. Artemis-A is a web-based application of computerised adaptive testing (CAT), originally developed for secondary schools, to quickly and efficiently assess students' mental health. Due to its speed, reliability and accessibility, it may be a valuable tool
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Minimally important change on the Columbia Impairment Scale and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in youths seeking mental healthcare. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2025-01-22 Karolin R Krause,Alina Lee,Di Shan,Katherine Tombeau Cost,Lisa D Hawke,Amy H Cheung,Kristin Cleverley,Claire de Oliveira,Meaghen Quinlan-Davidson,Myla E Moretti,Jo L Henderson,Clement Ma,Peter Szatmari
BACKGROUND Evidence-based mental health requires patient-relevant outcome data, but many indicators lack clinical meaning and fail to consider youth perceptions. The minimally important change (MIC) indicator designates change as meaningful to patients, yet is rarely reported in youth mental health trials. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to establish MIC thresholds for two patient-reported outcome measures
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Cost-utility of behavioural activation for mitigating psychological impacts of COVID-19 on socially isolated older adults with depression and multiple long-term conditions compared with usual care: results from a pragmatic randomised controlled trial. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2025-01-19 Han-I Wang,Simon Gilbody,Elizabeth Littlewood,Kalpita Baird,David Ekers,Dean McMillan,Della Bailey,Carolyn Chew-Graham,Peter Coventry,Caroline Fairhurst,Catherine Hewitt,Steve Parrott
BACKGROUND Depression alongside multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs) in older adults poses a critical public health challenge, worsening physical and mental health and increasing healthcare costs. COVID-19 restrictions further exacerbated these impacts. Behavioural activation (BA) shows promise as a remote intervention for depression during isolation, but its cost-effectiveness for depressed, socially
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Comparing apples and oranges in youth depression treatments? A quantitative critique of the evidence base and guidelines. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2025-01-19 Argyris Stringaris,Charlotte Burman,Raphaelle Delpech,Rudolph Uher,Dayna Bhudia,Despoina Miliou,Ioannis-Marios Rokas,Marinos Kyriakopoulos,Lucy Foulkes,Carmen Moreno,Samuele Cortese,Glyn Lewis,Georgina Krebs
OBJECTIVES Should a young person receive psychotherapy or medication for their depression and on what evidence do we base this decision? In this paper, we test the factors across modalities that may influence comparability between medication and psychotherapy trials. METHODS We included 92 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of psychotherapy and medication for child and adolescent depression (mean
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Multigenerational family coaggregation study of obsessive-compulsive disorder and cardiometabolic disorders. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2025-01-19 Anna Holmberg,Josep Pol-Fuster,Ralf Kuja-Halkola,Henrik Larsson,Paul Lichtenstein,Zheng Chang,Brian M D'Onofrio,Isabell Brikell,Anna Sidorchuk,Kayoko Isomura,James J Crowley,Lina Martinsson,Christian Rück,David Mataix-Cols,Lorena Fernández de la Cruz
BACKGROUND Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality due to cardiometabolic disorders. Whether this association is driven by familial factors is unknown. This population-based family study explored the familial co-aggregation of OCD and cardiometabolic disorders. METHODS We identified 6 049 717 individuals born in Sweden between 1950 and 2008
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Prognostic models for depression and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms following traumatic brain injury: a CENTER-TBI study. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2025-01-15 Ana Mikolić,David van Klaveren,Mathilde Jost,Andrew Ir Maas,Shuyuan Shi,Noah D Silverberg,Lindsay Wilson,Hester F Lingsma,Ewout W Steyerberg,
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with an increased risk of major depressive disorder (MDD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We aimed to identify predictors and develop models for the prediction of depression and PTSD symptoms at 6 months post-TBI. METHODS We analysed data from the Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Effectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury study
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Eco-anxiety, climate change and the 'bottom billion': a plea for better understanding. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2025-01-15 Colin David Butler
Climate change poses enormous, rapidly increasing risks to human well-being that remain poorly appreciated. The growing understanding of this threat has generated a phenomenon often called 'eco-anxiety'. Eco-anxiety (and its synonyms) is best documented in the Global North, mostly among people who are better educated and whose reasons for concern are both altruistic and self-interested. However, the
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Ethnic disparities in rapid tranquillisation use and justifications in adult mental health inpatient settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2025-01-12 Martin Locht Pedersen,Alessio Bricca,John Baker,Ole Schjerning,Trine Munk-Olsen,Frederik Alkier Gildberg
QUESTION Evidence on the likelihood of receiving rapid tranquillisation (RT) across ethnic groups is mixed, with some studies suggesting that ethnic minorities are more likely to receive RT than others. We aimed to investigate the association between ethnicity and RT use in adult mental health inpatient settings and to explore explanations for RT use in relation to ethnicity. STUDY SELECTION AND ANALYSIS
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Maternal perinatal anxiety and infant primary care use in 1998-2016: a UK cohort study. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2025-01-09 Holly Christina Smith,Charlotte Archer,James Bailey,Carolyn Chew Graham,Jonathan Evans,Tamsin Fisher,David Kessler,Tom Kingstone,Janine Procter,Noureen Shivji,Victoria Silverwood,Amy Spruce,Katrina Turner,Pensée Wu,Dahai Yu,Irene Petersen
BACKGROUND There is some evidence that perinatal anxiety (PNA) is associated with lower rates of infant vaccinations and decreased access to preventative infant healthcare, but results across studies have not been conclusive. OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between maternal PNA and infant primary care use. METHODS Cohort study of mother-infant pairs identified between 1998 and 2016 using
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Do coping mechanisms moderate the effect of stressful life events on depression and anxiety in young people? A case-control study from Latin America. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2025-01-09 Georgie Hudson,Catherine Fung,Diliniya Stanislaus Sureshkumar,Carlos Gómez-Restrepo,José Miguel Uribe-Restrepo,Karen Ariza-Salazar,Francisco Diez-Canseco,Liliana Hidalgo-Padilla,Mauricio Toyama,Luis Ignacio Brusco,Natividad Olivar,Santiago Lucchetti,Stefan Priebe,James B Kirkbride
BACKGROUND Stressful life events (SLEs) are associated with increased risk of depression or anxiety. Coping mechanisms may moderate this relationship but little is known on this topic in young people or in Latin America. AIM To investigate whether coping strategies predict odds of depression and/or anxiety and moderate the relationship between SLEs and depression and/or anxiety in young people in Peru
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Components of cognitive-behavioural therapy for mitigating core symptoms in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and network meta-analys. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-27 Kazuki Matsumoto,Sayo Hamatani,Yoshihiko Kunisato,Yoshifumi Mizuno
QUESTION Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) is frequently implemented for individuals with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It is still unknown which specific components are effective, because CBT is a complex intervention with several components. The objective of this review was to assess the efficacy of CBT components for ADHD. STUDY SELECTION AND ANALYSIS Building on definitions
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Data sharing in circadian rhythm and mental health research: current status, challenges, recommendations and future directions. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-22 Haya Deeb,Tomasz Zieliński,Andrew J Millar
Data sharing is a cornerstone of modern scientific research, playing a critical role in fostering greater collaboration, enhancing reproducibility, transparency and efficiency of scientific discoveries, and integrating diverse data sources. In circadian rhythm research, data sharing is particularly important due to the complexity and heterogeneity of the data, which includes molecular profiles, physiological
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Umbrella-Review, Evaluation, Analysis and Communication Hub (U-REACH): a novel living umbrella review knowledge translation approach. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-18 Corentin J Gosling,Samuele Cortese,Joaquim Radua,David Moher,Richard Delorme,Marco Solmi
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses have become crucial for evidence-based decision-making in recent decades. However, it is common for the results of multiple reviews on the same topic to be inconsistent, and it is widely recognised that the results of the reviews are not always effectively communicated to healthcare professionals and the lay public. This manuscript proposes a strategy to summarise
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Genetic variation in circadian regulator gene BMAL1 in psychiatric, psychological and cardiometabolic traits: a trans-ancestry UK Biobank study. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-12 Hamza Daudali,Jana Anderson,Mark E S Bailey,Alexander Fradera,Claire L Niedzwiedz,Donald Lyall,Laura M M Lyall,Rona J Strawbridge
BACKGROUND The link between cardiometabolic disease and mental illness has been well established but remains incompletely explained. One hypothesis suggests that circadian rhythm dysregulation links cardiometabolic disease and mental illnesses. BMAL1 is a circadian rhythm regulatory gene. Human genetic studies have implicated BMAL1 in depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder as well as body mass
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Elucidating the bidirectional association between autoimmune diseases and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-11 Yongli Li,Chengyuan Zhao,Shihua Sun,Guolin Mi,Changhong Liu,Guoyong Ding,Cheng Wang,Fang Tang
QUESTION Collective evidence for the bidirectional association between depression and autoimmune diseases (ADs) is scarce, especially for subgroups of patients with specific ADs. We conducted a meta-analysis to determine the incidence rates and relative risks (RRs) of depression among patients with ADs, and vice versa. STUDY SELECTION AND ANALYSIS PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Ovid, PsycNet and Cochrane
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AI depictions of psychiatric diagnoses: a preliminary study of generative image outputs in Midjourney V.6 and DALL-E 3. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-04 Matthew Flathers,Griffin Smith,Ellen Wagner,Carl Erik Fisher,John Torous
OBJECTIVE This paper investigates how state-of-the-art generative artificial intelligence (AI) image models represent common psychiatric diagnoses. We offer key lessons derived from these representations to inform clinicians, researchers, generative AI companies, policymakers and the public about the potential impacts of AI-generated imagery on mental health discourse. METHODS We prompted two generative
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Potential research priorities for understanding and treating severe paranoia (persecutory delusions): a priority-setting partnership between patients, carers, mental health staff, and researchers. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-12-03 David Ariel Sher,Thomas Kabir,Maurice Arbuthnott,Suzie Nettleton,Pauline Dixon,Joanna May,Alvaro Barrera,Poppy Brown,Sarah Reeve,Louise Isham,Felicity Waite,Daniel Freeman
BACKGROUND A persecutory delusion (severe paranoia) occurs when a person believes that others are trying to harm them when they are not. It is often a central difficulty for patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. OBJECTIVE The objective is to identify potentially important research questions about severe paranoia. METHODS A priority-setting partnership exercise was conducted involving people with lived
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Conceptual framework for data harmonisation in mental health using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health: an example with the R2D2-MH consortium. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-28 Melissa H Black,Jan Buitelaar,Tony Charman,Christine Ecker,Louise Gallagher,Kristien Hens,Emily Jones,Declan Murphy,Yair Sadaka,Marie Schaer,Beate St Pourcain,Dieter Wolke,Stef Bonnot-Briey,Thomas Bourgeron,Sven Bölte
INTRODUCTION Advancing research and support for neurologically diverse populations requires novel data harmonisation methods that are capable of aligning with contemporary approaches to understanding health and disability. OBJECTIVES We present the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) as a conceptual framework to support harmonisation of mental health data and present
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Stress and mental health symptoms in early pregnancy are associated with the oral microbiome. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-19 Ann M Alex,Alytia A Levendosky,G Anne Bogat,Maria Muzik,Amy K Nuttall,Rebecca C Knickmeyer,Joseph S Lonstein
BACKGROUND Research has revealed associations between microbes of the gastrointestinal tract and stress, anxiety and depression in pregnant or postpartum women. While these studies suggest a gut-brain-behaviour axis, no studies have examined microbes of the oral cavity in relation to maternal mental health. OBJECTIVE To explore a potential oral-brain-behaviour axis related to maternal mental health
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Efficacy and acceptability of lurasidone for bipolar depression: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-18 Yu-Wei Lin,Yang-Chieh Brian Chen,Kuo-Chuan Hung,Chih-Sung Liang,Ping-Tao Tseng,Andre F Carvalho,Eduard Vieta,Marco Solmi,Edward Chia-Cheng Lai,Pao-Yen Lin,Chih-Wei Hsu,Yu-Kang Tu
QUESTION The optimal dose of lurasidone for bipolar depression is unclear. This study examined its dose-response relationship for efficacy, acceptability, and metabolic/endocrine profiles. STUDY SELECTION AND ANALYSIS Five databases and grey literature published until 1 August 2024, were systematically reviewed. The outcomes included efficacy (changes in depression, anxiety, clinical global impression
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Predictors of study dropout in cognitive-behavioural therapy with a trauma focus for post-traumatic stress disorder in adults: An individual participant data meta-analysis. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-13 Simonne Wright,Eirini Karyotaki,Pim Cuijpers,Jonathan Bisson,Davide Papola,Anke B Witteveen,Sudie E Back,Dana Bichescu-Burian,Liuva Capezzani,Marylene Cloitre,Grant J Devilly,Thomas Elbert,Marcelo Mello,Julian D Ford,Damion Grasso,Pedro Gamito,Richard Gray,Moira Haller,Nigel Hunt,Rolf J Kleber,Julia König,Claire Kullack,Jonathan Laugharne,Rachel Liebman,Christopher William Lee,Jeannette Lely,John C
BACKGROUND Available empirical evidence on participant-level factors associated with dropout from psychotherapies for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is both limited and inconclusive. More comprehensive understanding of the various factors that contribute to study dropout from cognitive-behavioural therapy with a trauma focus (CBT-TF) is crucial for enhancing treatment outcomes. OBJECTIVE Using
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Trans and gender diverse identities in adolescent health research: making the most of imperfect data. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-08 Emma Soneson,Shona O'Leary,Mina Fazel
Advancing adolescent health research necessitates deliberate design and analysis that accurately captures the rapidly evolving world in which adolescents live and the ways in which they understand and express themselves and their experiences. In this Perspective, we reflect on how researchers might approach existing, imperfect data in a way that is accurate and inclusive of trans and gender diverse
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Integrating early life stress in neurological disease: advancing preventive neurology. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-07 Kerri M Gillespie,Daniel Schweitzer,Emily Watson,Grace Branjerdporn,Selena E Bartlett
BACKGROUND In 2021, an estimated 43% of the world's population had been diagnosed with a neurological disorder. Early life stress (ELS) is now a well-established risk factor for later-life neurological disorders. However, translation to clinical practice is hindered by oversimplification, lack of standardisation and limited knowledge of the patterns and mechanisms of disease pathogenesis. METHODS The
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Healthcare utilisation and costs associated with poor access to diagnosis and treatment for children and young people with tic disorders. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-07 Charlotte L Hall,Marie Le Novere,Tara Murphy,Emma McNally,Christopher Hollis,Rachael Hunter
BACKGROUND There are no specific national guidelines in England to guide healthcare professionals in how to assess or treat young people with tic disorders. Access to evidence-based treatment, including behavioural therapy, is of limited availability. OBJECTIVES This study examined the economic impact on services arising from a lack of access to appropriate healthcare services for young people with
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Cost-effectiveness of psychological and psychosocial interventions for adults, children and young people who have self-harmed. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-11-05 Ifigeneia Mavranezouli,Ferruccio Pelone,Rachel Connolly,Faraz Mughal,Katrina G Witt,Keith Hawton,Karen Lascelles,Amanda Wildgoose,Angela Childs,Stephen Pilling,Navneet Kapur
BACKGROUND Self-harm is a major health issue resulting in high societal costs. Few psychological and psychosocial interventions have shown effectiveness in reducing repeat self-harm. OBJECTIVE To assess the cost-effectiveness of psychological and psychosocial interventions that have shown evidence of effectiveness in adults and CYP (children and young people) who have self-harmed. METHODS Using effectiveness
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Basic self-disturbance in adolescents at risk of psychosis: temporal stability investigated by the experience sampling method in a mixed method study. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-31 Lise Baklund,Jan Ivar Røssberg,Sigurd Arne Melbye,Paul Møller
BACKGROUND Basic self-disturbance (BSD), also called anomalous self-experiences (ASEs), are core phenotypic markers for schizophrenia spectrum disorders and a prepsychotic vulnerability marker considered to be temporally stable (trait-phenomenon). Studies of BSD in children and adolescents are lacking. OBJECTIVE To be clinically useful, we need to know more about the characteristics and temporal development
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Association between cannabis use and brain structure and function: an observational and Mendelian randomisation study. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-30 Saba Ishrat,Daniel F Levey,Joel Gelernter,Klaus Ebmeier,Anya Topiwala
BACKGROUND Cannabis use during adolescence and young adulthood has been associated with brain harm, yet despite a rapid increase in cannabis use among older adults in the past decade, the impact on brain health in this population remains understudied. OBJECTIVE To explore observational and genetic associations between cannabis use and brain structure and function. METHODS We examined 3641 lifetime
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Association between severe childhood infections and subsequent risk of OCD is largely explained by shared familial factors. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-26 Josep Pol-Fuster,Ralf Kuja-Halkola,Lorena Fernández de la Cruz,Isabell Brikell,Zheng Chang,Brian M D'Onofrio,Henrik Larsson,Paul Lichtenstein,Jan C Beucke,Elles De Schipper,David Mataix-Cols
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Randomised controlled trial comparing different intersession intervals of intermittent theta burst delivered to the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-23 Michelle S Goodman,Laura Schulze,Zafiris J Daskalakis,Gerasimos N Konstantinou,Farrokh Mansouri,Alisson P Trevizol,Daniel M Blumberger,Jonathan Downar
BACKGROUND Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) is a form of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) that can be administered in a fraction of the time of standard rTMS. Applying multiple daily iTBS sessions (ie, accelerated iTBS) may enable patients to achieve remission more rapidly. However, questions remain regarding the optimal time interval between treatment sessions. OBJECTIVE
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Risk of repeat self-harm among individuals presenting to healthcare services: development and validation of a clinical risk assessment model (OxSET). BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-15 Seena Fazel,Maria D L A Vazquez-Montes,Tyra Lagerberg,Yasmina Molero,Jane Walker,Michael Sharpe,Henrik Larsson,Bo Runeson,Paul Lichtenstein,Thomas R Fanshawe
BACKGROUND A self-harm episode is a major risk factor for repeat self-harm. Existing tools to assess and predict repeat self-harm have major methodological limitations, and few are externally validated. OBJECTIVE To develop and validate a risk assessment model of repeat self-harm up to 6 months after an episode of non-fatal self-harm that resulted in an emergency visit to hospital or specialised care
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Complex trauma and the unseen: who gets to be a victim? BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-15 Jay Watts
The inclusion of complex post-traumatic stress disorder (cPTSD) in the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision in January 2022 marks a significant advancement in trauma recognition. However, while cPTSD offers a more inclusive framework, it risks perpetuating trauma hierarchies by reinforcing a division where some trauma responses are attributed to personality disorders (such as borderline
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Systematic review of interventions for mental health, cognition and psychological well-being in long COVID. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-09 Lisa D Hawke,Anh T P Nguyen,Wei Wang,Eric E Brown,Dandan Xu,Susan Deuville,Suzie Goulding,Chantal F Ski,Susan L Rossell,David R Thompson,Terri Rodak,Gillian Strudwick,David Castle
AIMS This systematic review aims to identify and synthesise the publicly available research testing treatments for mental health, cognition and psychological well-being in long COVID. METHODS The following databases and repositories were searched in October-November 2023: Medline, Embase, APA PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, China National Knowledge Internet, WANFANG
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Changes in sleep patterns in people with a history of depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: a natural experiment. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-03 Mirim Shin,Jacob J Crouse,Enda M Byrne,Brittany L Mitchell,Penelope Lind,Richard Parker,Emiliana Tonini,Joanne S Carpenter,Naomi R Wray,Lucia Colodro-Conde,Sarah E Medland,Ian B Hickie
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic, while a major stressor, increased flexibility in sleep-wake schedules. OBJECTIVES To investigate the impact of the pandemic on sleep patterns in people with a history of depression and identify sociodemographic, clinical or genetic predictors of those impacts. METHODS 6453 adults from the Australian Genetics of Depression Study (45±15 years; 75% women) completed surveys
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Mediation-adjusted multivariable Mendelian randomisation study identified novel metabolites related to mental health. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-02 Dennis Freuer,Christa Meisinger
BACKGROUND From the pathway perspective, metabolites have the potential to improve knowledge about the aetiology of psychiatric diseases. Previous studies suggested a link between specific blood metabolites and mental disorders, but some Mendelian randomisation (MR) studies in particular are insufficient for various reasons. OBJECTIVE This study focused on bias assessment due to interdependencies between
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Identifying postpartum depression: Using key risk factors for early detection. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Mette-Marie Zacher Kjeldsen,Kathrine Bang Madsen,Xiaoqin Liu,Merete Lund Mægbæk,Thalia Robakis,Veerle Bergink,Trine Munk-Olsen
BACKGROUND Personal and family history of psychiatric disorders are key risk factors for postpartum depression (PPD), yet their combined contribution has been understudied. OBJECTIVE To examine personal and family psychiatric history, alone and combined, and their effect on absolute risk and relative risk (RR) of mild/moderate or severe PPD. METHODS In this cohort study, we used data from 142 064 childbirths
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Using the South African Depression Scale (SADS) to measure depressive symptoms in a UK sample. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-28 Arish Mudra Rakshasa-Loots,Goabaone Diteko,Jaime H Vera
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Cumulative ADHD medication use and risk of type 2 diabetes in adults: a Swedish Register study. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-25 Zihan Dong,Le Zhang,Lin Li,Shengxin Liu,Isabell Brikell,Ralf Kuja-Halkola,Brian M D'Onofrio,Agnieszka Butwicka,Soffia Gudbjornsdottir,Henrik Larsson,Zheng Chang,Ebba Du Rietz
BACKGROUND Little is known about the impact of cumulative attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication use on the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). OBJECTIVE The objective is to examine the association between cumulative use of ADHD medication and risk of incident T2D. METHODS A nested case-control study was conducted in a national cohort of individuals aged 18-70 years with incident ADHD
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Systematic review and meta-analysis of interventions to improve outcomes for parents or carers of children with anxiety and/or depression. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-25 Anthony Tsang,Dania Dahmash,Gretchen Bjornstad,Nikki Rutter,Aleem Nisar,Francesca Horne,Faith Martin
QUESTION Depression and anxiety are common among children and young people and can impact on the well-being of their parents/carers. Dominant intervention approaches include parent training; however, this approach does not directly address parents' well-being. Our objective was to examine the effect of interventions, with at least a component to directly address the parents' own well-being, on parents'
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Prevalence of spontaneous movement disorders (dyskinesia, parkinsonism, akathisia and dystonia) in never-treated patients with chronic and first-episode psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-22 Arturas Kalniunas,Katie James,Sofia Pappa
BACKGROUND The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate and compare the prevalence rates of spontaneous movement disorders (SMDs), including dyskinesia, parkinsonism, akathisia and dystonia, in antipsychotic-naïve individuals with chronic psychosis and first-episode psychosis (FEP) and gain a more nuanced understanding of factors influencing their presence. METHODS Several literature
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Effect of pharmacological treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder on later psychiatric comorbidity: a population-based prospective long-term study. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-19 Ingvild Lyhmann,Tarjei Widding-Havneraas,Ingvar Bjelland,Simen Markussen,Felix Elwert,Ashmita Chaulagain,Arnstein Mykletun,Anne Halmøy
BACKGROUND Psychiatric comorbidity is frequent among persons with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Whether pharmacological treatment of ADHD influences the incidence of psychiatric comorbidity is uncertain. OBJECTIVE To investigate associations and causal relations between pharmacological treatment of ADHD and incidence of subsequent comorbid psychiatric diagnoses. METHODS We employed
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Emotion regulation profiles in Syrian refugees and migrants in Germany: self-efficacy, resilience and well-being comparisons. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Dana Churbaji,Pascal Schlechter,Angela Nickerson,Nexhmedin Morina
BACKGROUND Emotion regulation (ER) plays a central role in psychopathology. Understanding person-centred patterns of ER strategies is crucial for prevention and intervention strategies. However, there is a paucity of research on ER profiles and their psychological correlates in forcibly displaced people (FDP). OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify habitual ER profiles and to examine the predictive
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Association between psychological resilience and all-cause mortality in the Health and Retirement Study. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-03 Aijie Zhang,Liqiong Zhou,Yaxian Meng,Qianqian Ji,Meijie Ye,Qi Liu,Weiri Tan,Yeqi Zheng,Zhao Hu,Miao Liu,Xiaowei Xu,Ida K Karlsson,Sara Hägg,Yiqiang Zhan
BACKGROUND Psychological resilience refers to an individual's ability to cope with and adapt to challenging life circumstances and events. OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the association between psychological resilience and all-cause mortality in a national cohort of US older adults by a cross-sectional study. METHODS The Health and Retirement Study (2006-2008) included 10 569 participants aged
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Brief Educational Workshops in Secondary Schools Trial (BESST): a cluster randomised controlled trial. Secondary analysis in those with elevated symptoms of depression. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-08-29 Stephen Lisk,Kirsty James,James Shearer,Sarah Byford,Paul Stallard,Jessica Deighton,David Saunders,Jynna Yarrum,Peter Fonagy,Timothy Weaver,Irene Sclare,Crispin Day,Claire Evans,Ben Carter,June Brown
BACKGROUND Depression and anxiety are increasingly prevalent in adolescents. The Brief Educational Workshops in Secondary Schools Trial investigated the effectiveness of a brief self-referral stress workshop programme for sixth-form students aged 16-18 years old. OBJECTIVE This study conducted a secondary analysis on the outcomes of participants with elevated depressive symptoms at baseline. METHODS
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Putting person-centred psychosocial diabetes care into practice: two psychosocial care pathways based on outcome preferences of people with diabetes and healthcare professionals. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-08-25 Ann-Kristin Porth,Yuki Seidler,Preston Alexander Long,Tanja Stamm,Anouk S Huberts,Kathryn Hamilton,Alexandra Kautzky-Willer
BACKGROUND Diabetes increases the risk of psychosocial health problems. Person-centred psychosocial care is therefore advocated. However, several barriers to implementation exist, including uncertainty about how to approach psychosocial problems in consultations. OBJECTIVE We aimed to explore which psychosocial outcomes patients and healthcare professionals consider important and whether certain characteristics
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Dose-dependent effects of oral cannabidiol and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on serum anandamide and related N-acylethanolamines in healthy volunteers. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-08-25 Timothy A Couttas,Carola Boost,Franziska Pahlisch,Eliska B Sykorova,Juliane K Mueller,Beverly Jieu,Judith E Leweke,Inga Dammann,Anna E Hoffmann,Martin Loeffler,Oliver Grimm,Frank Enning,Herta Flor,Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg,Dagmar Koethe,Cathrin Rohleder,F Markus Leweke
BACKGROUND The mental health benefits of cannabidiol (CBD) are promising but can be inconsistent, in part due to challenges in defining an individual's effective dosage. In schizophrenia, alterations in anandamide (AEA) concentrations, an endocannabinoid (eCB) agonist of the eCB system, reflect positively on treatment with CBD. Here, we expanded this assessment to include eCBs alongside AEA congeners
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Target mechanisms of mindfulness-based programmes and practices: a scoping review. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-08-24 Shannon Maloney,Merle Kock,Yasmijn Slaghekke,Lucy Radley,Alba Lopez-Montoyo,Jesus Montero-Marin,Willem Kuyken
QUESTION Mindfulness-based programmes (MBPs) and practices have demonstrated effects in mental health and well-being, yet questions regarding the target mechanisms that drive change across the population remain unresolved. STUDY SELECTION AND ANALYSIS Five databases were searched for randomised controlled trials that evaluate the indirect effects (IEs) of an MBP or mindfulness practice in relation
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Psychological well-being and needs of parents and carers of children and young people with mental health difficulties: a quantitative systematic review with meta-analyses. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-08-04 Faith Martin,Dania Dahmash,Sarah Wicker,Sarah-Lou Glover,Charlie Duncan,Andrea Anastassiou,Lucy Docherty,Sarah Halligan
QUESTION For parents of children and young people (CYP) with diagnosed mental health difficulties, what are the levels of parents' well-being and psychological need? STUDY SELECTION AND ANALYSIS Medline, PsycINFO, EMBASE, AMED, CINAHL, Web of Science and Cochrane Library of Registered Trials were searched from inception to June 2023. INCLUSION CRITERIA parents of CYP aged 5-18 years with formal mental
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'There's more to life than staring at a small screen': a mixed methods cohort study of problematic smartphone use and the relationship to anxiety, depression and sleep in students aged 13-16 years old in the UK. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-31 Ben Carter,Najma Ahmed,Olivia Cassidy,Oliver Pearson,Marilia Calcia,Clare Mackie,Nicola Jayne Kalk
BACKGROUND Depression and anxiety are common in adolescents and have increased over the last decade. During that period, smartphone usage has become ubiquitous. OBJECTIVES The study aim was to assess the association between problematic smartphone usage (PSU) and anxiety. METHODS Using a prospective mixed methods cohort study design, students aged 13-16 year old from two schools were enrolled regarding
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Potential dopaminergic deficit in patients with geriatric psychiatric disorders as revealed by DAT-SPECT: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-30 Shintaro Takenoshita,Seishi Terada,Katsuhide Kojima,Naoto Nishikawa,Tomoko Miki,Osamu Yokota,Masaki Fujiwara,Manabu Takaki
BACKGROUND It has been reported that patients with geriatric psychiatric disorders include many cases of the prodromal stages of neurodegenerative diseases. Abnormal 123I-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)-N-(3-fluoropropyl) nortropane dopamine transporter single-photon emission computed tomography (DAT-SPECT) reveals a nigrostriatal dopaminergic deficit and is considered useful to detect dementia with
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Efficacy, acceptability and tolerability of second-generation antipsychotics for behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-30 Wenqi Lü,Fangzhou Liu,Yuwei Zhang,Xiance He,Yongbo Hu,Huifang Xu,Xin Yang,Jin Li,Weihong Kuang
BACKGROUND Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are highly prevalent in people living with dementia. Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) are commonly used to treat BPSD, but their comparative efficacy and acceptability are unknown. METHODS The standard mean difference (SMD) was used to pool the fixed effects of continuous outcomes. We calculated ORs with corresponding 95% credible
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Brighter future for light therapy: harmonising the reporting of light interventions in psychiatry. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-23 Manuel Spitschan,Laura Kervezee,Renske Lok,Elise McGlashan,Raymond P Najjar
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Prioritised research questions in serious mental illness: a priority setting based on evidence gaps. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-11 Mussie Msghina,Lise-Lotte Bergerlind,Ulla-Karin Schön,Christian Dahlström,Åsa Konradsson Geuken,Sara Fundell,Lena Wallgren,Sofia Tranaeus,Malin Höistad
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Exploring early discontinuation of mental health outpatient treatment: language, demographics and clinical characteristics among migrant populations in Japan. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-03 Janice Y Tsoh,Youji Takubo,Eriko Fukui,Ayaka Suzuki,Momoko Iwai,Hisaaki Saito,Naohisa Tsujino,Takashi Uchino,Naoyuki Katagiri,Takahiro Nemoto
BACKGROUND The fast-growing migrant population in Japan and globally poses challenges in mental healthcare, yet research addressing migrants' mental health treatment engagement remains limited. OBJECTIVE This study examined language proficiency, demographic and clinical characteristics as predictors of early treatment discontinuation among migrants. METHODS Electronic health record data from 196 adult
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Suicide deaths associated with climate change-induced heat anomalies in Australia: a time series regression analysis. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-02 Lucas Hertzog,Fiona Charlson,Petra Tschakert,Geoffrey G Morgan,Richard Norman,Gavin Pereira,Ivan C Hanigan
BACKGROUND Although environmental determinants play an important role in suicide mortality, the quantitative influence of climate change-induced heat anomalies on suicide deaths remains relatively underexamined. OBJECTIVE The objective is to quantify the impact of climate change-induced heat anomalies on suicide deaths in Australia from 2000 to 2019. METHODS A time series regression analysis using
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Chronotype and emotion processing: a pilot study testing timing of online cognitive bias modification training. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-07-02 Charlotte M Crisp,Emily Mooney,Mohini Howlader,Joel Stoddard,Ian Penton-Voak
BACKGROUND Circadian rhythms influence cognitive performance which peaks in the morning for early chronotypes and evening for late chronotypes. It is unknown whether cognitive interventions are susceptible to such synchrony effects and could be optimised at certain times-of-day. OBJECTIVE A pilot study testing whether the effectiveness of cognitive bias modification (CBM) for facial emotion processing
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Acceptability, use and safety of the BlueIce self-harm prevention app: qualitative findings from the Beating Adolescent Self-Harm (BASH) randomised controlled trial. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-06-25 Paul Stallard,Kathryn Whittle,Emma Moore,Antonieta Medina-Lara,Nia Morrish,Shelley Rhodes,Gordon Taylor,Bethany Cliffe
BACKGROUND Little is known about the social validity of self-harm prevention apps for young adolescents with severe mental health problems who repeatedly self-harm. OBJECTIVE We assessed the acceptability, use and safety of BlueIce, a self-harm prevention app for young adolescents who self-harm. METHODS Mixed methods study involving a content analysis of postuse interviews. Participants were a clinical
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Exploring the minimal important difference in the treatment of paediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder using selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-06-19 Sem E Cohen,Damiaan A J P Denys,Taina Kristiina Mattila,Bram W C Storosum,Anthonius de Boer,Jasper Brian Zantvoord
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Severe psychiatric disorders are associated with increased risk of dementia. BMJ Mental Health (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-06-17 Joshua Stevenson-Hoare,Sophie E Legge,Emily Simmonds,Jun Han,Michael J Owen,Michael O'Donovan,George Kirov,Valentina Escott-Price
BACKGROUND Individuals with psychiatric disorders have an increased risk of developing dementia. Most cross-sectional studies suffer from selection bias, underdiagnosis and poor population representation, while there is only limited evidence from longitudinal studies on the role of anxiety, bipolar and psychotic disorders. Electronic health records (EHRs) permit large cohorts to be followed across