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Joint collective action increases support for social change and mitigates intergroup polarisation: A registered report Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Feiteng Long, Zi Ye, Lijuan Luo
Over the past decade, a surge in protests and social movements worldwide has offered promise for positive social change while also introducing divisions and tensions into society. In the current research, we examined the impact of joint collective action involving both advantaged and disadvantaged group members, as well as collective action solely involving disadvantaged group members, on public support
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More likely or more wrong? - Disentangling the prototype effect of discrimination perception Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-31 Paul-Michael Heineck, Roland Deutsch
Extensive evidence suggests that perceptions of discrimination are influenced by a mental prototype of what constitutes discriminatory behavior, the so-called prototype effect of discrimination perception. However, the underlying psychological processes and thus the extent to which statistical expectations and moral evaluations contribute to this prototype effect remain underexplored. In a series of
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Do we really think our politicians should be intellectually humble? Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-23 Jonah Koetke, Karina Schumann
In recent years, researchers have investigated how intellectual humility (IH) might help reduce political polarization among everyday U.S. Americans. In the current work, we examine whether people think politicians should exhibit IH and how this might depend on context. In preregistered Study 1 (N = 477), participants read about and reported their ideal level of IH for a fictional ingroup or outgroup
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Ease of retrieval of role attributes predicts role clarity which, in turn, predicts outcomes among stepparents Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-22 Erica B. Slotter, Hanna Campbell
Stepfamilies are a common familial structure in the United States; however, members of stepfamilies are at risk for various adverse outcomes. The present research sought to examine the experiences of stepparents as one window into stepfamily functioning. Past research suggests that a lack of stepparent role clarity correlates with lower overall identity clarity and worse personal and relational well-being
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Students' daily activity and beliefs about the world before and after a campus shooting Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-22 Shelly Tsang, Kyle Barrentine, Shigehiro Oishi, Adrienne Wood
How do students' beliefs about the world and their everyday exploratory behaviors change after a mass campus shooting? In the present longitudinal study, an on-campus shooting occurred in the middle of data collection, resulting in an unplanned pre-post quasi-experiment to investigate whether the association between world beliefs and behavior changed after a traumatic event. Over three two-week waves
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“You're leaving us?” Feeling ostracized when a group member leaves Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-18 James H. Wirth, Andrew H. Hales
People leave groups. We examined the psychological consequences for the remaining group members; specifically, whether the departure of a member can produce feelings of ostracism (being excluded and ignored). We manipulated systematically the number of group members who left (zero, one, or two out of the two other group members) during a get to know you interaction (Study 1), a word creativity task
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Gifts that keep on giving: Reflected appraisals from gifts and their role in identity and choice Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-16 Laurence Ashworth, Suzanne Rath, Nicole Robitaille
Gifts are one important way in which individuals come to own and consume the products that they do. The current work investigates a novel consequence of acquiring and consuming items in this way—recipients draw inferences about givers' views of them (reflected appraisals) which, in turn, can influence related aspects of recipients' identity. We report five studies that test our predictions, distinguish
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Don't judge a book by its cover: The effect of perceived facial trustworthiness on advice following in the context of value-based decision-making Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-15 Mathias Van der Biest, Sam Verschooren, Frederick Verbruggen, Marcel Brass
Trustworthiness is crucial in social interactions that depend on other's information. For example, an interaction partner's trustworthiness determines whose advice we act on in learning contexts, whom we choose to invest in during economic decisions, or even whom we decide to cooperate with. However, how perceived trustworthiness influences advice following in value-based decision-making when the trustworthiness
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When does an extinction procedure lead to mere exposure effects and extinction of evaluative conditioning? Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-15 Jasmin Richter, Jan R. Landwehr, Rolf Reber
Repeatedly presenting a neutral stimulus (conditioned stimulus, CS) together with a positive or negative stimulus (unconditioned stimulus, US) typically changes liking of the CS. An important question is whether a subsequent extinction phase where the CS is presented without the US extinguishes such evaluative conditioning (EC) effects. In this regard, it is crucial to consider that an extinction procedure
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The impact factor: The effect of actual impact information and perceived donation efficacy on donors' repeated donations Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-07 Liat Levontin, Zohar Gilad, Elizabeth Durango-Cohen, Pablo Durango-Cohen
This research examined the utility of providing people with information about the actual impact of their donations. Results of a field survey (N = 1062) and three controlled experiments (N = 881) reveal the importance of actual impact information in promoting repeated donations and retaining repeated donors. Exposing participants to information about the actual impact of their donations—compared with
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Empathic listening satisfies speakers' psychological needs and well-being, but doesn't directly deepen solitude experiences: A registered report Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-03 Netta Weinstein, Guy Itzchakov
A live discussion experiment was designed to test the effects of highly empathic (vs. moderately empathic) listening on solitude experiences. Participants were assigned to three conditions in which they: 1) Discussed a negative personal experience with a confederate (ostensibly another participant) exhibiting highly empathic listening; 2) Discussed an experience with a confederate exhibiting moderately
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“Black-and-White” thinking: Does visual contrast polarize moral judgment? Independent replications and extension of Study 1 Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-03 Kevin Vezirian, Elisa Sarda, Laurent Bègue, Pierre-Jean Laine, Hans IJzerman
Does a black-and-white contrast background lead to more extreme moral judgments? Zarkadi and Schnall (2013) found in their Study 1 (N = 111) that, indeed, exposing English-speaking participants to a black-and-white (versus two other-colored conditions) background polarized participants' judgments in a moral dilemma task. This study supported a moral intuitionist model of moral judgment, lent further
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Ideological beliefs as cues to exploitation-exploration behavior Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-12-30 Alex Koch, Ron Dotsch, Roland Imhoff, Christian Unkelbach, Hans Alves
We argue that one reason why people consider others' ideological beliefs (i.e., progressive vs. conservative) is that people profit by predicting others' exploration behavior from their beliefs. Eight experiments confirmed that people more readily invested in progressives when switching to novel options (i.e., exploration) was more profitable than staying with valuable resources (i.e., exploitation)
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Consume humanity: Eating anthropomorphic food leads to the dehumanization of others Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-12-27 Hairu Wu, Chenjing Wu, Jun Zhang, Yuanxin Hu, Fuqun Liang, Xianyou He
Food anthropomorphism, a prevalent and effective marketing tactic, can positively influence consumer perception and purchasing behavior. However, recent scholarly attention has been drawn to the potential negative consequences of consuming anthropomorphized food. The current research focused on how and why food anthropomorphism affected the dehumanization of unfamiliar others and the negative downstream
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Women underrepresented or men overrepresented? Framing influences women's affective and behavioral responses to gender gap in political leadership Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-12-27 Usman Liaquat, Madeline E. Heilman, Rachel D. Godsil, Emily Balcetis
Efforts to promote women in leadership have led to some high profile successes, yet unequal representation of women and men in such positions persists. The media often portrays the gap as women's underrepresentation. We examine whether reframing this gap as men's overrepresentation elicits greater anger and increases intentions and behaviors to remediate the disparity. In a meta-analysis of three pilot
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Going at it alone: Zero-sum beliefs inhibit help-seeking Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-12-26 Shai Davidai
What inhibits people from asking for help? Four studies of fully employed British and American participants (N = 1973, including three pre-registered studies) document the negative effect of lay beliefs about status on help-seeking. Specifically, I find that zero-sum beliefs about status—the belief that one employee's success comes at other employees' expense—discourage people from asking their colleagues
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Choice availability and incentive structure determine how people cope with ostracism Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-12-20 Anneloes Kip, Thorsten M. Erle, Willem W.A. Sleegers, Ilja van Beest
People vary greatly in their responses to being ignored and excluded by others (i.e., ostracism). Based on previous research, responses to ostracism are typically classified as prosocial, antisocial, and withdrawal behavior. However, studying these behaviors in isolation can limit our understanding of the decision-making process behind these behaviors. Offering multiple response options provides deeper
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AI as a companion or a tool? Nostalgia promotes embracing AI technology with a relational use Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-12-18 Jianning Dang, Constantine Sedikides, Tim Wildschut, Li Liu
Recent research has indicated that nostalgia is associated with, or fosters, favorable responses to innovative technology and in particular artificial intelligence (AI). However, prior studies failed to differentiate between the relational and functional uses of AI agents, resulting in an incomplete understanding of the role that nostalgia plays in facilitating acceptance of innovation. The current
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It is not only whether I approach but also why I approach: A registered report on the role of action framing in approach/avoidance training effects Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-12-12 Marine Rougier, Mathias Schmitz, Ivane Nuel, Marie-Pierre Fayant, Baptiste Subra, Theodore Alexopoulos, Vincent Yzerbyt
Research on approach/avoidance training (AAT) effects shows that approach (i.e., reducing the distance between the self and a stimulus) leads to more positive evaluations of stimuli than avoidance (i.e., increasing the distance between the self and a stimulus). The present experiments relied on a grounded cognition approach to extend this finding by investigating the framing-dependency of AAT effects
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People reward others based on their willingness to exert effort Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-11-26 Yang Xiang, Jenna Landy, Fiery A. Cushman, Natalia Vélez, Samuel J. Gershman
Individual contributors to a collaborative task are often rewarded for going above and beyond—salespeople earn commissions, athletes earn performance bonuses, and companies award special parking spots to their employee of the month. How do we decide when to reward collaborators, and are these decisions closely aligned with how responsible they were for the outcome of a collaboration? In Experiments
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Black racial phenotypicality: Implications for the #BlackLivesMatter Movement Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-11-14 Maire L. O'Hagan, Samantha R. Pejic, Jason C. Deska
Black individuals with phenotypically African features tend to experience heightened discrimination and mistreatment. The current research examined how racial phenotypicality and prototypicality effect hate crime reporting metrics and beliefs about who evaluators are represented #BlackLivesMatter. Across five studies (N = 876), results indicate that, compared to low racially phenotypic Black targets
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Certainty improves the predictive validity of Honesty-Humility and Dark Triad traits on cheating behavior Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-11-08 David Santos, Arsham Ghodsinia, Blanca Requero, Dilney Gonçalves, Pablo Briñol, Richard E. Petty
This research examined the extent to which certainty can strengthen the relationship between individual differences and cheating behavior. In the first two studies, participants completed the Honesty-Humility or the Dark Triad scales. Then, they rated the certainty they had in their responses to each of those two inventories. In the third study, participants completed both scales within the same experimental
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Narcissistic vigilance to status cues Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-11-05 Breanna E. Atkinson, Erin A. Heerey
Humans often take decisive action to influence their social environments, including their own position within a social hierarchy. Those who are highly motivated by status attainment may be especially prone to such activity. Here, we ask whether desire for social status contributes to the early detection of social stimuli, and more specifically, whether it plays a role in which environmental stimuli
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Avoidance of altruistic punishment: Testing with a situation-selective third-party punishment game Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-11-02 Kodai Mitsuishi, Yuta Kawamura
Third-party punishment games have consistently shown that people are willing to bear personal costs to punish others who act selfishly, even as uninvolved observers. However, the traditional third-party punishment game places participants in contrived situations that mandate direct punishment decisions, potentially inflating the prevalence of such actions compared to those observed in more naturalistic
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A colorblind ideal and the motivation to improve intergroup relations: The role of an (in)congruent status quo Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-10-31 Jessica Gale, Kumar Yogeeswaran
Social psychologists have long debated the meaning of treating people as unique individuals for intergroup relations, as empirical evidence on the topic has been rather mixed. In the present research, we examine a normative explanation for this mixed evidence by focusing on colorblindness as an ideal for managing diversity that suggests people should be treated as individuals independently of their
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Gender categorization and memory in transgender and cisgender people Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-10-30 Natalie M. Gallagher, Emily Foster-Hanson, Kristina R. Olson
Gender categorization is central to everyday life. Discussions about gender have traditionally focused on gender identities, or gender categories to which a person might have an internal sense of belonging (e.g., men and women, boys and girls). More recently, discussions about gender also include gender modality (transgender or cisgender), or how a person's gender identity relates to their sex assigned
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Hierarchy as a signal of culture and belonging: Exploring why egalitarian ideology predicts aversion to hierarchical organizations Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-10-28 Sangah Bae, Sean Fath
Variation in people's ideological preference for the maintenance of inequality between social groups (i.e., social dominance orientation; SDO) predicts important sociopolitical outcomes, such as endorsement of different social policies, institutions, and belief systems. We argue that SDO may also inform people's engagement with work organizations. Specifically, we propose that SDO may impact attraction
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Simultaneous pairing increases evaluative conditioning: Evidence for the role of temporal overlap but not of onset synchrony Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-10-28 Jasmin Richter, Anne Gast
Evaluative conditioning (EC), a change in valence of a stimulus due to its co-occurrences with other stimuli, is frequently used to study attitude formation. The present studies investigate whether EC is influenced by whether the co-occurring stimuli have their onset at the same (vs. different) time, i.e., their onset (a)synchrony. To this end, we introduce a novel and sensitive measure which tests
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Thicker-skinned but still human: People may think individuals in poverty are less vulnerable to harm even when ascribing them full humanity Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-10-28 Nathan N. Cheek
Research has shown that people sometimes display a “thick skin bias” whereby they believe that individuals in poverty are less harmed by negative events than individuals from higher socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds. The perception that individuals or groups are less feeling, less vulnerable to harm, or otherwise less responsive or reactive is often thought to be a hallmark of dehumanization.
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Top-down racial biases in size perception: A registered replication and extension of Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-10-24 Mayan Navon, Niv Reggev, Tal Moran
Biases in the perception and judgment of members of race-based and ethnicity-based minority groups are prevalent, often resulting in detrimental outcomes for these individuals. One such bias is a threat-related stereotype, associating specific race and ethnicity-based social groups with aggressiveness, violence, and criminality. In the US context, Black men are often victims of such bias. Recent evidence
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The role of gender in shaping Black and Latina women’s experiences in anticipated interracial interactions Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-10-20 Dorainne J. Green, Daryl A. Wout, Mary C. Murphy, Katlyn L. Milless
People's fear of being negatively stereotyped or devalued based on one or more of their social identities — social identity threat — contributes to negative anticipated experiences in interracial interactions. Prior research, however, has largely failed to consider the role of gender in shaping people's experiences in interracial interactions. To address this gap, the present research examined the
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Letters of recommendation as institutionalized gossip: Tie strength and the advocacy-accuracy tradeoff in brokering Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-10-10 Britt Hadar, Nir Halevy
Gossip is both common and consequential. People often share reputational information about others in their absence, and this ubiquitous practice powerfully shapes impressions, interactions, and relationships among senders, receivers, and the targets of gossip. This paper addresses two open questions in the gossip literature: When and why do senders share inaccurate information, and to what extent do
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Is common behavior considered moral? The role of perceived others' motives in moral norm inferences and motivation about environmental behavior Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-10-04 Kimin Eom, Bryan K.C. Choy
The present research examines how inferences about moral norms from descriptive norms change by perceptions of others' motives in the context of environmental behavior. When individuals think that many others engage in an environmental behavior (e.g., water and energy conservation) for prosocial (vs. proself) motives, they infer moralization about the behavior in a given context. They infer stronger
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Share the wealth: Neurophysiological and motivational mechanisms related to racial discrimination in economic decision making Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-10-03 Hannah I. Volpert-Esmond, Jessica R. Bray, Meredith P. Levsen, Bruce D. Bartholow
Social interactions are influenced by rapid judgements about interaction partners that are assumed to contribute to various behavioral biases. While often negligible in a given instance, such biases can accumulate to contribute to persistent inequities between social groups. Here, we used event-related potentials (ERPs) to determine the extent to which early attention to racial category information
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Ironic effects of prosocial gossip in driving inaccurate social perceptions Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Samantha Grayson, Matthew Feinberg, Robb Willer, Jamil Zaki
Gossip is often stereotyped as a frivolous social activity, but in fact can be a powerful tool for discouraging selfishness and cheating. In economic games, gossip induces people to act more cooperatively, presumably to avoid the cost of accruing a negative reputation. Might even this prosocial sort of gossip carry negative side effects? We propose that gossip might protect communities while simultaneously
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Brilliance as gender deviance: Gender-role incongruity as another barrier to women's success in academic fields Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-09-17 Boglarka Nyul, Inna Ksenofontov, Alexandra Fleischmann, Rotem Kahalon
“Brilliance,” a state of extreme intellectual ability, is stereotypically associated with men but not women. Research finds that portrayals of brilliance as a prerequisite for success contribute to women's underrepresentation in certain academic fields and high-level positions. In this work, we examined whether gender roles contribute to the perception of women as less brilliant. In four preregistered
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The impact of social identity complexity on intergroup parochial and universal cooperation under different payoff structures and frames Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-09-13 Feifei Lu, Jin Yang, Xiaoqiang Yao, Yibo Song, Duo Chen, Ting Zhang, Fenghua Zhang
As society evolves, individuals increasingly cooperate with both in-group members and out-group strangers, despite risks such as betrayal. Social identity plays a crucial role in motivating this cooperation, significantly shaping cooperative behavior. This study explores how social identity complexity—arising from the overlapping of multiple social identities—affects intergroup cooperation. Using the
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Bless her heart: Gossip phrased with concern provides advantages in female intrasexual competition Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Tania A. Reynolds, Jon K. Maner, Roy F. Baumeister
Although many women report being victimized by gossip, fewer report spreading negative gossip. Female gossipers might be unaware they are gossiping if they disclose such statements out of concern for targets. Four studies (N = 1709) investigated whether women believe their gossip is motivated by concern and whether expressing concern for targets insulates female gossipers against social costs, while
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Revisiting the moral forecasting error – A preregistered replication and extension of “Are we more moral than we think?” Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-09-02 Simen Bø, Hallgeir Sjåstad
Predictions are often inaccurate. Still, the direction of prediction errors may vary. Contrary to research on the intention-behavior gap, where people fail to live up to their ambitions, a study on “moral forecasting” found that people behaved honestly than they predicted. In this registered report, we present two close replication attempts and one conceptual replication attempt of this moral forecasting
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Race in the eye of the beholder: Decomposing perceiver- and target-level variation in perceived racial prototypicality Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-08-28 Jasmine B. Norman, Daphne Castro Lingl, Eric Hehman, Jacqueline M. Chen
Perceivers' ability to use multiple sources of information when forming impressions—including top-down, perceiver-level features, and bottom-up, target-level features—is a hallmark of social cognition. We investigate this primary foundation by examining the role of perceiver-level and target-level variation in perceived racial prototypicality in the U.S. In Study 1 (200 unique faces; 2608 raters),
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Exemplar-based ingroup projection: The superordinate national category is associated more strongly with ingroup than outgroup political leaders Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-08-27 Adi Amit, Ido Liviatan, Sari Mentser, Eitan Venzhik, Yuval Karmel, Tal Moran
We studied mental representations of social categories in the context of political groups nested within national identities. Extending previous works derived from the Ingroup Projection Model, which had investigated category representations based on prototypical , we examined category representations based on prototypical , focusing on group leaders. We hypothesized that the mental representation of
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Intergroup bias in perceived trustworthiness among few or many minimal groups Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-08-27 Johanna Woitzel, Moritz Ingendahl, Hans Alves
In diversifying societies, people are inevitably exposed to an increasing number of outgroups. As impressions of outgroups are more negative than those of ingroups, this may overall lead to more negative social attitudes and behaviors. In six preregistered experiments ( = 1832) using a minimal group paradigm, we investigated whether the mere number of groups influences the perceived trustworthiness
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The effects of fear appeals on reactance in climate change communication Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-08-22 Laura Bilfinger, Benjamin Brummernhenrich, Regina Jucks
Addressing the existential threat posed by climate change requires urgent actions, both on an individual level and on a policy level. In the present research, we applied an emotion-based persuasion appeal model to climate change mitigation to test the effect of climate mitigation appeals formulated with different levels of threat (high vs. low) and appealing to different types of climate change solutions
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Dissociations between animalistic and mechanistic dehumanization in the context of labor exploitation Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-08-09 Matthew L. Stanley, Aaron C. Kay
Across eight studies (and two additional supplemental studies), we investigate possible bidirectional causal links between dehumanization and exploitation (total = 5923). Participants were less opposed to the exploitation of mechanistically dehumanized workers – i.e., workers perceived to lack traits central to human nature like emotionality and warmth – than other workers (Studies 1–5). The effects
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Moral decay in investment Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-08-06 Paweł Niszczota, Paul Conway, Michał Białek
How strongly do higher investment premiums tempt people to invest in unethical assets, such as harmful ‘sin stocks’? We present two experimental studies ( = 1260) examining baseline willingness to invest in ‘sin stocks’ (without a premium), changes in investments as premiums increase, and how individual differences in deontological and utilitarian inclinations and dark personality traits impact baseline
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Scientific identity and STEMM-relevant outcomes: Elaboration moderates use of identity-certainty Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-08-03 Lorena Moreno, Pablo Briñol, Borja Paredes, Richard E. Petty
This research investigates the link between scientific identity and STEMM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics, and Medicine)-related outcomes as a function of identity certainty. Across a pilot study and three additional studies, participants' scientific identity was first measured using different procedures. Then, the certainty with which that identity was held was either measured (pilot
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Choosing not to see: Visual inattention as a method of information avoidance Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-17 Caroline Kjær Børsting, Aleksandr Batuev, Shaul Shalvi, Jacob Lund Orquin
People rely on a number of methods to avoid information that would compel them to change their beliefs or behaviors. However, it remains unclear whether people use visual inattention as a method of information avoidance. In three eye-tracking experiments, we test the hypothesis that people avoid visual information by strategically suppressing and facilitating visual attention depending on where desired
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Giving more or taking more? The dual effect of self-esteem on cooperative behavior in social dilemmas Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-15 Qingzhou Sun, Jingru Huang, Chengming Jiang, Bao Wu, Xiaofen Yu
How does self-esteem influence cooperative behavior in the face of social dilemmas? The findings of previous studies are inconsistent and ignore the distinction between giving and taking dilemmas. This study examined the relationship between self-esteem and cooperative behavior in giving and taking dilemmas. The results revealed that self-esteem positively predicted cooperative behavior in giving dilemmas
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Face masks facilitate discrimination of genuine and fake smiles – But people believe the opposite Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Haotian Zhou, Meiying Wang, Yu Yang, Elizabeth A. Majka
It seems a foregone conclusion that face mask-wearing hinders the interpretation of facial expressions, increasing the risk of interpersonal miscommunication. This research identifies a notable counter-case to this apparent truism. In multiple experiments, perceivers were more accurate distinguishing between genuine and fake smiles when the mouth region was concealed under a mask versus exposed. Masks
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Gossip, power, and advice: Gossipers are conferred less expert power Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Alexis D. Gordon, Maurice E. Schweitzer
Gossip harms power. Across 6 pre-registered primary studies and 7 pre-registered supplemental studies, we demonstrate that a reputation for engaging in negative gossip (sharing negatively-valanced information about an absent target) reduces expert power (power derived from being regarded as a superior source of expertise). A reputation for engaging in negative gossip harms expert power in two ways:
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Group-bounded indirect reciprocity and intergroup gossip Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-25 Hirotaka Imada, Nobuhiro Mifune, Hannah Zibell
Gossip, the exchange of information about absent others, is ingrained in the system of indirect reciprocity, in which participating members selectively interact and cooperate with others with a good reputation. Previous psychological theorizing suggests that indirect reciprocity is perceived to be bounded by group membership. We aimed to examine whether the group-bounded indirect reciprocity perspective
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Whispered words and organizational dynamics: The nuanced evaluation of gossipers' personality and its effect on workplace advice seeking Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-21 Lijun (Shirley) Zhang, Nahid Ibrahim, Shankha Basu
Prior research has extensively studied workplace group dynamics within the gossip triad (i.e., sender, receiver, and target). This research shifts the focus to third-party observers outside the gossip triad, examining how they evaluate gossipers and non-gossipers, and whom they turn to for advice. Across five pre-registered experiments ( = 1400), the present work builds on an integrative definition
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A trust inoculation to protect public support of governmentally mandated actions to mitigate climate change Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-20 Tobia Spampatti, Tobias Brosch, Evelina Trutnevyte, Ulf J.J. Hahnel
In a world barreling down into a worsening climate crisis, negative persuasive attacks to necessary climate policies are major threats to the public's support of governmental mandates to mitigate climate change. To protect against such attacks, here we introduce and investigate the effect and the treatment heterogeneity of the trust inoculation, a psychological inoculation strategy designed around
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System justification makes income gaps appear smaller Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-20 Daniela Goya-Tocchetto, Aaron C. Kay, B. Keith Payne
People tend to underestimate how much income inequality exists. Much research has attributed this widespread underestimation to differential access to information, variance in exposure to inequality, or motivated attention to different aspects of inequality. In our research, we suggest that the motivation to believe that the current socioeconomic system is fair and legitimate (i.e., system justification)
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Who's leading whom? Mutual influences in moral decision-making between leaders and subordinates over time and the role of self-interest Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-17 Simon Tobias Karg, Christian Truelsen Elbæk, Panagiotis Mitkidis
Ethical behavior within groups is shaped by various situational and social factors, including hierarchy and power asymmetries. We present three preregistered studies ( = 1253) examining the social dynamics that affect ethical decision-making in hierarchical dyads, employing two novel collaborative cheating tasks. In the first two studies, we find evidence that individuals mutually influenced each other's
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Multiracials' affective, behavioral and identity-specific responses to identity denial Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-08 Payton A. Small
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Smartly following others: Majority influence depends on how the majority behavior is formed Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-07 Jun Yin, Zikai Xu, Jing Lin, Wenying Zhou, Xiuyan Guo
Individuals tend to follow choices and behaviors that are common among others, indicating majority influence. Nevertheless, majority behaviors that appear to be consistent can be generated by different factors during the decision-making process; hence, the current study addressed whether people consider the source of majority behavior and follow the majority differently when that behavior is formed
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You are safer with me: Presence of the self lowers risk perception for others Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-07 Haihong Li, Yimo Yang, Tengchuan Cui, Xiaofei Xie
In daily life, various activities are undertaken either alone or with companions, and some of these activities involve a degree of risk. Beyond our concern for our own safety, we also care about other's safety. The current research investigates the influence of self-presence on how we perceive risk for the other. Across six studies (including two preregistered studies), we consistently found that when