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Beliefs about self-control Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-13 Jinyao Li, Marleen Gillebaart, Tim van Timmeren
It is increasingly recognized that successful self-control is not only determined by sheer willpower, but also by people's self-control. While early research has provided evidence that people's implicit theories can moderate their subsequent self-control performance, recent research considers the role of metacognition in self-control more comprehensively. In this review, we present an overview of recent
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Individual differences in adolescent self-control: The role of gene-environment interplay Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-13 Yayouk Eva Willems, Jian-Bin Li, Meike Bartels, Catrin Finkenauer
Self-control – the ability to alter unwanted impulses and behavior to bring them into agreement with goal-driven responses – is key during adolescence. It helps young people navigate through the myriad challenges they encounter while transitioning into adulthood. We review empirical milestones in our understanding of how individual differences in adolescent self-control exist and develop. We show how
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Beyond deliberate self-control: Habits automatically achieve long-term goals Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Marco Stojanovic, Wendy Wood
Habits are often beneficial to goal pursuit. They reduce the need for self-control by automating behavior, which streamlines decision-making and decreases temptations and motivational interference. Given that habits outsource behavioral control to the environment, stable performance contexts are critical for habit formation and performance. However, when goals change, unwanted habit memories still
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‘Pleasureful self-control’? A new perspective on old problems Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-07 Daniela Becker, Katharina Bernecker, Aiste Guobyte, Daniel Ganama
Many societal challenges, for example regarding health and sustainability, are conceptualized as problems of too little self-control: people's long-term goals are jeopardized (e.g., healthy weight, small carbon footprint) because one cannot resist attractive alternatives (e.g., chocolate cake, vacation in the sun). Here, we introduce a different way of conceptualizing those challenges, namely as problems
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Believe in your self-control: Lay theories of self-control and their downstream effects Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-07 Juan Pablo Bermúdez, Samuel Murray
Self-control is the ability to inhibit temptations and persist in one's decisions about what to do. In this article, we review recent evidence that suggests implicit beliefs about the process of self-control influence how the process operates. While earlier work focused on the moderating influence of willpower beliefs on depletion effects, we survey new directions in the field that emphasize how beliefs
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How language framing shapes the perception of social norms Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-05 Jinyi Kuang, Cristina Bicchieri
Language plays a crucial role in the transmission of social norms. The way language is used, referred to as language framing, shapes perceptions of social norms. This review synthesizes recent research from various fields to explore the mechanisms through which language framing influences social norm perception. We highlight five key mechanisms: attention redirection, context-specific pragmatic inference
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Majority rule: Do minorities live in ‘tighter’ social worlds? Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-05 Morgan Weaving, Michele J. Gelfand
Exploring social norms through a diversity perspective, this review examines whether minorities live in ‘tighter’ worlds, wherein they are subject to stricter rules and punishments. Integrating research from psychology, economics, and organizational behavior, we first examine whether minorities are more likely to have tightness on them—i.e., receive more monitoring and harsher penalties in response
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Trait self-control as a determinant of health behavior: Recent advances on mechanisms and future directions for research Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-05 Martin S. Hagger, Kyra Hamilton
We summarize theory and research testing a mechanistic explanation for the trait self-control-health behavior relationship. Specifically, social cognition constructs summarizing individuals' utility, normative, risk, and capacity beliefs with respect to future health behavior performance are proposed to mediate the self-control-health behavior relationship. The effect represents the informational function
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Self-control and limited willpower: Current status of ego depletion theory and research Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-05 Roy F. Baumeister, Nathalie André, Daniel A. Southwick, Dianne M. Tice
Ego depletion theory proposes that self-regulation depends on a limited energy resource (willpower). The simple initial theory has been refined to emphasize conservation rather than resource exhaustion, extended to encompass decision making, planning, and initiative, and linked to physical bodily energy (glucose). Recent challenges offered alternative explanations (which have largely failed) and questioned
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Team diversity and team performance: Paths to synergetic and disruptive effects Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-05 Daan van Knippenberg
Team diversity holds promises and challenges for team performance. The promise of diversity lies in synergy generated from exchange and integration of diverse perspectives; the challenge lies in social categorization processes that give rise to biases favoring similar others over dissimilar others that disrupt team collaboration. I discuss theory capturing these paths to synergetic and disruptive effects
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Metamotivation: The regulation of motivation in self-control Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-04 Kentaro Fujita, Abigail A. Scholer, David B. Miele
Psychological research on self-control—the forgoing of immediate rewards in favor of global goals—focuses largely on how people monitor and control their thoughts, feelings, and behavior. Comparatively less work has examined the regulation of motivational states. This is surprising given the motivational roots of self-control dilemmas: people desire an immediate reward on the one hand, but also recognize
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Computational modeling of social decision-making Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-04 Sarah Vahed, Elijah P. Galván, Alan G. Sanfey
Social decision-making is guided by a complex set of social norms. Computational modeling can play a significant role in enriching our understanding of these norms and how precisely they direct social choices. Here, we highlight three major advantages to using computational modeling, particularly models derived from Utility Theory, in the study of social norms. We illustrate how such models can help
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Challenging the law of least effort Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-03 Veronika Job, Christopher Mlynski, Jana Nikitin
Popular conceptions hold that effort is costly and aversive, causing people to generally avoid effort unless justified. We critically discuss evolutionary, phenomenological, and behavioral arguments supporting this “law of least effort”, proposing that people may approach effort without direct extrinsic benefits. First, a “need for effort” is functional for health and learning. Second, experiencing
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Self-regulatory flexibility Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-02 Malte Friese, Sebastian Bürgler, Wilhelm Hofmann, Marie Hennecke
Robust associations of self-control with successful goal pursuit have been amply demonstrated. Much less is known about the psychological processes that occur when people grapple with self-control conflicts and that may contribute to successful goal pursuit. Influenced by the neighboring fields of emotion regulation and coping, self-regulatory flexibility has been identified as one of such potential
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Can self-control make you happy? Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-08-31 Denise de Ridder
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Can nudges be leveraged to enhance diversity in organizations? A systematic review Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-08-30 Jose A. Cervantez, Katherine L. Milkman
In this article, we review and summarize key findings from a growing literature exploring how nudges can facilitate efforts to diversify organizations. Nudges are psychologically-informed interventions that change behavior without restricting choice or altering incentives. We focus on two types of nudges to enhance organizational diversity: (1) nudges that target organizational processes directly or
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From willpower to strategies: Existing insights and outstanding issues in self-control strategy use in daily life Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-08-28 Marina Milyavskaya, Tyler Thorne, Mike Sullivan
This paper focuses on recent advances in research on strategies that support self-control in everyday life. No one strategy or set of strategies appears to be effective at all times and in all situations. To understand effective self-control, we must expand our understanding of how strategies fit the situation and the person. To this end, we propose researching unexplored aspects of situations, how
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Self-control and behavioral public policy Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-08-23 Wilhelm Hofmann, Sonja Grelle, Kristian Steensen Nielsen, Charlotte Anna Kukowski
How everyday self-control conflicts are resolved can have significant long-term personal and societal consequences, as readily illustrated by obesity, smoking, and unsustainable consumption. Here, we delineate connections between current self-control research and policymaking. We first discuss the achievements and shortcomings of the prevailing individual-level focus in self-control research. Next
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The good, the bad, and the GPT: Reviewing the impact of generative artificial intelligence on psychology Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-08-21 Mohammed Salah, Fadi Abdelfattah, Hussam Al Halbusi
This review explores the impact of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI)—a technology capable of autonomously creating new content, ideas, or solutions by learning from extensive data—on psychology. GenAI is changing research methodologies, diagnostics, and treatments by enhancing diagnostic accuracy, personalizing therapeutic interventions, and providing deeper insights into cognitive processes
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What do highly motivated people know? Balancing goals, prioritizing actions Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-08-14 Ayelet Fishbach, Jiabi Wang, Ibitayo Fadayomi
Highly motivated individuals are healthier, more academically and professionally successful, and have stronger relationships. What sets these individuals apart? We propose that highly motivated individuals know when to balance versus prioritize goals. Specifically, they seek harmony between their multiple goals: they see these goals as advancing or complementing each other (e.g., balancing work and
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Metacognitive knowledge about self-control Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-08-08 Marie Hennecke, Pooja Kulkarni
Good self-control is highly valuable, but the processes that promote it are not fully understood. This review emphasizes that self-control is “inherently metacognitive” (p. 204, Duckworth et al., 2014) and describes the potential benefits of metacognitive knowledge for self-control. In line with research on metacognition in academic goal pursuit, we elaborate how three distinct types of metacognitive
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Effortless self-control Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-08-08 Marleen Gillebaart, Iris K. Schneider
Self-control is essential for outcomes in several life domains but is often seen as effortful. We discuss recent research indicating the possibility of self-control. First, we discuss how high levels of self-control are associated with quicker self-control conflict identification and resolution. Second, we describe two pathways that may lead to these associations: (1) How of behaviors plays a role
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Motivational dynamics of self-control Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-08-08 Kaitlyn M. Werner, Elliot T. Berkman
How people respond to desires varies substantially across time and situations. Building on recent theoretical developments, we propose that motivation plays a central role in the dynamics of self-control as it unfolds across time. We illustrate the role of motivation in self-control by highlighting evidence that pursuing goals for intrinsic (vs. extrinsic) reasons plays a key role in shaping and people
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Trait self-control: A Process Model perspective Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-08-08 Christopher M. Napolitano, Angela L. Duckworth, James J. Gross
What do self-controlled individuals do that distinguishes them from those who are more impulsive? That is, why are some people better able to align their behavior with personal long-term goals despite alternatives that would be more immediately gratifying? To address this question, we use the Process Model of Self-Control [1], which posits that all impulses are generated via a four-stage, recursive
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Nudging for improving mental health treatment-seeking Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-08-06 Frederick T. Schubert, Norman B. Schmidt
Underutilization of mental health services is a complex problem that requires the investigation of new strategies to facilitate treatment-seeking. Nudging is a relatively new approach which has shown promise in promoting healthy behaviors in a variety of domains, though little work has investigated how nudges may be applied to the initiation of mental health treatment. In this paper, we review the
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A critical review of clinician-directed nudges Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-08-02 Briana S. Last, Rinad S. Beidas, Katelin Hoskins, Claire R. Waller, Gabriela Kattan Khazanov
As nudges—subtle changes to the way options are presented to guide choice—have gained popularity across policy domains in the past 15 years, healthcare systems and researchers have eagerly deployed these light-touch interventions to improve clinical decision-making. However, recent research has identified the limitations of nudges. Although nudges may modestly improve clinical decisions in some contexts
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Integrating insights from implementation science and behavioral economics to strengthen suicide screening strategies for pediatric populations Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-07-31 Nathan Hodson, Christina Johnson, Rinad S. Beidas
Suicide is a leading cause of death for young people globally. Professional organizations such as the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommend suicide screening for every young person at every healthcare contact and these guidelines are now being implemented across the US. To optimize deployment of these guidelines, we draw on insights from two parallel fields, implementation science – or the
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Bypassing as a non-confrontational influence strategy Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-07-31 Javier A. Granados Samayoa, Dolores Albarracín
Psychological interventions tend to be confrontational in nature. That is, when psychologists seek to bring about change in beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors, they often do so by directly confronting the presumed barrier to change. Confrontational approaches can be effective, but suffer from limitations to their efficacy, such as the possibility of arousing discomfort or defensiveness from the recipient
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Episodic future thinking and psychopathology: A focus on depression and suicide risk Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-07-31 Rachel J. Nam, Nathan J. Lowry, Olivia C. Lawrence, Layne J. Novotny, Christine B. Cha
Episodic future thinking (EFT), the ability to imagine future autobiographical events, is both an everyday and clinically significant cognitive process. With a focus on depression and suicidality, here we discuss evidence connecting EFT with psychopathology. Emotional valence of imagined future events has emerged as the most widely established feature of EFT detected to date, with less positive EFT
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Social norm dynamics and cooperation in changing groups Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-07-30 Kasper Otten, Vincent Buskens, Wojtek Przepiorka, Naomi Ellemers
Social norms promote cooperation in human groups. How are these norms and cooperation affected when groups change due to new members arriving and old members leaving? In this review we highlight the scant literature that researches the effects of group changes on social norms and cooperation. Thus far evidence suggests that newcomers cooperate less than incumbents but adjust their cooperation levels
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Persuasive communication, financial incentives, and social norms: Interactions and effects on behaviors Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-07-29 Maria Knight Lapinski, John M. Kerr, Hubert W. Miller, Moonsun Jeon, Kayla Tracey
Social norms and financial incentives are both known to shape the decisions people make about prosocial actions. This paper reviews the financial incentives in normative systems (FINS) model, which integrates theories of social norms from communication, social psychology, and behavioral economics to predict relationships among incentives, norms, and behaviors. It addresses how incentives can affect
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Social sanctions in response to injunctive norm violations Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-07-29 Benjamin D. Douglas, Kendall Holley, Naomi Isenberg, Kevin R. Kennedy, Markus Brauer
Injunctive social norms are societal standards for how people are expected to behave. When individuals transgress these norms, they face social sanctions for their behavior. These sanctions can take many forms ranging from verbal or non-verbal reactions and from disapproval to ostracism. We review the stable characteristics and situational variables that affect a bystander's tendency to enact social
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The fable of state self-control Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-07-25 Michael Inzlicht, Brent W. Roberts
Trait self-control is highly valued, often equated with moral righteousness and associated with numerous positive life outcomes. This paper challenges the conventional conflation of trait self-control and state self-control. We suggest that while trait self-control is consistently linked to success, state self-control is not the causal mechanism driving these benefits. Trait self-control, sometimes
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The relevance of top-down self-regulation for children's and adolescents' developmental outcomes Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-07-23 Nancy Eisenberg, Maciel M. Hernández, Antonio Zuffianò, Tracy L. Spinrad
A popular topic in developmental science is self-regulation, an aspect of functioning viewed as contributing to optimal development. Of particular theoretical importance is top-down (frontal cortically based) self-regulation (TDSR). This article briefly reviews recent research on TDSR's relation to four areas of development: maladjustment, social competence, prosocial development, and academic development
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Self-control and self-expression Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-07-18 Michail D. Kokkoris
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Clicks and tricks: The dark art of online persuasion Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-07-10 Patrick Fagan
Internet users are inundated with attempts to persuade, including digital nudges like defaults, friction, and reinforcement. When these nudges fail to be transparent, optional, and beneficial, they can become ‘dark patterns’, categorised here under the acronym FORCES (Frame, Obstruct, Ruse, Compel, Entangle, Seduce). Elsewhere, psychological principles like negativity bias, the curiosity gap, and fluency
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A review of the peak-end rule in mental health contexts Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-07-07 Adam G. Horwitz, Kaitlyn McCarthy, Srijan Sen
The peak-end rule, a memory heuristic in which the most emotionally salient part of an experience (i.e., peak) and conclusion of an experience (i.e., end) are weighted more heavily in summary evaluations, has been understudied in mental health contexts. The recent growth of intensive longitudinal methods has provided new opportunities for examining the peak-end rule in the retrospective recall of mental
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Bridging the digital and physical: The psychology of augmented reality Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Rhonda Hadi, Eric S. Park
By blurring the boundaries between digital and physical realities, Augmented Reality (AR) is transforming consumers' perceptions of themselves and their environments. This review demonstrates AR's capacity to influence psychology and behavior in profound ways. We begin by providing a concise introduction to AR, considering its technical, practical, and theoretical properties. Next, we showcase a multi-disciplinary
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AI and culture: Culturally dependent responses to AI systems Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Aaron J. Barnes, Yuanyuan Zhang, Ana Valenzuela
This article synthesizes recent research connected to how cultural identity can determine responses to artificial intelligence. National differences in AI adoption imply that culturally-driven psychological differences may offer a nuanced understanding and interventions. Our review suggests that cultural identity shapes how individuals include AI in constructing the self in relation to others and determines
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Algorithmic bias: Social science research integration through the 3-D Dependable AI Framework Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Kalinda Ukanwa
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Unveiling the adverse effects of artificial intelligence on financial decisions via the AI-IMPACT model Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-29 Wendy De La Rosa, Christopher J. Bechler
There is considerable enthusiasm for the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to improve financial well-being. Despite this enthusiasm, it is important to underscore AI's potential adverse effects on consumers' financial decisions. We introduce the AI-IMPACT model, a unifying theoretical framework for how AI can influence consumers' financial decisions. The model details how AI impacts the marketplace
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Speaking your language: The psychological impact of dialect integration in artificial intelligence systems Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-29 Andre Martin, Khalia Jenkins
As the popularity and adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems continue to rise, this article presents a promising proposition: the use of AI dialects to enhance AI perception. By delving into the potential of personalized AI dialects to augment user perceptions of warmth, competence, and authenticity, the article underscores the pivotal role of anthropomorphism in fortifying trust, satisfaction
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Averse to what: Consumer aversion to algorithmic labels, but not their outputs? Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-29 Shwetha Mariadassou, Anne-Kathrin Klesse, Johannes Boegershausen
Inspired by significant technical advancements, a rapidly growing stream of research explores human lay beliefs and reactions surrounding AI tools, which employ algorithms to mimic elements of human intelligence. This literature predominantly documents negative reactions to these tools or the underlying algorithms, often referred to as algorithm aversion or, alternatively, a preference for humans.
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AI-teaming: Redefining collaboration in the digital era Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-29 Jan B. Schmutz, Neal Outland, Sophie Kerstan, Eleni Georganta, Anna-Sophie Ulfert
Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into human teams, forming human-AI teams (HATs), is a rapidly evolving field. This overview examines the complexities of team constellations and dynamics, trust in AI teammates, and shared cognition within HATs. Adding an AI teammate often reduces coordination, communication, and trust. Further, trust in AI tends to decline over time due to initial overestimation
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Beyond code: Consumer response to chatbots Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-29 Nicole Davis, Jianna Jin
Chatbots, a type of virtual AI entity designed to emulate human conversation, are gaining prominence in business and consumer domains. This research aims to consolidate extant literature focusing on a pivotal aspect: the human-likeness of chatbots. Employing three fundamental themes as organizational pillars – chatbot as a non-human entity, chatbot as a human-like entity, and chatbot as an ambiguous
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Psychology of AI: How AI impacts the way people feel, think, and behave Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-27 Gizem Yalcin Williams, Sarah Lim
Over the past decade, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have transformed numerous facets of our lives. In this article, we summarize key themes in emerging AI research in behavioral science. In doing so, we aim to unravel the multifaceted impacts of AI on people's emotions, cognition, and behaviors, offering nuanced insights into this rapidly evolving landscape. This article concludes with
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Assessing AI receptivity through a persuasion knowledge lens Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Jared Watson, Francesca Valsesia, Shoshana Segal
Understanding human-artificial intelligence (AI) interactions is a growing academic interest. This article conceptualizes AI as a persuasion agent and reviews the recent literature on AI through the lens of persuasion knowledge. It presents research on AI acceptance and aversion in terms of the properties of the AI itself (e.g., anthropomorphism, functionality, and usability), the properties of individuals
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Cracking the consumers’ code: A framework for understanding the artificial intelligence–consumer interface Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-26 Valentina O. Ubal, Monika Lisjak, Martin Mende
This review presents a framework for understanding how consumers respond to artificial intelligence (AI) and related technologies, such as robots, algorithms, or chatbots. Drawing on a systematic review of the literature (N = 111), we describe how AI technologies influence a variety of consumer-relevant outcomes, including consumer satisfaction and the propensity to rely on AI. We also highlight the
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Emotional and cognitive trust in artificial intelligence: A framework for identifying research opportunities Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-24 Breagin K. Riley, Andrea Dixon
This article briefly summarizes trust as a multi-dimensional construct, and trust in AI as a unique but related construct. It argues that because trust in AI is couched within an economic landscape, these two frameworks should be combined to understand the dynamics of trust in AI as it is currently implemented. The review focuses on healthcare and law enforcement as two industries that have adopted
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Representations and consequences of race in AI systems Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-22 Angela Yi, Broderick Turner
Race is directly or indirectly incorporated into many AI systems. These systems, which automate typically human tasks, are used across various domains such as predictive policing, disease detection, government resource allocation, and loan approvals. However, these tools have been criticized for handling race insensitively or inaccurately. Despite the prevalent use of race in these AI systems, it is
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Artificial intelligence and its implications for data privacy Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-22 Kelly D. Martin, Johanna Zimmermann
Contemporary, multidisciplinary research sheds light on data privacy implications of artificial intelligence (AI). This review adopts an AI ecosystem perspective and proposes a process-outcome continuum to classify AI technologies; this perspective helps to understand the nuances of AI relative to psychological aspects of privacy decision-making. Specifically, different types of AI affect traditionally
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Artificial intelligence, workers, and future of work skills Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-22 Sarah Bankins, Xinyu Hu, Yunyun Yuan
Historically, the use of technology in organizations has reshaped the nature of human work. In this article, we overview how current waves of artificially intelligent (AI) technologies are following this trend, showing how its uses can both automate and complement human labor, alongside creating new forms of human work. However, AI can also generate both upsides and downsides for workers' experiences
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Predicting personality or prejudice? Facial inference in the age of artificial intelligence Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-21 Shilpa Madan, Gayoung Park
Facial inference, a cornerstone of person perception, has traditionally been studied through human judgments about personality traits and abilities based on people's faces. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have introduced new dimensions to this field, employing machine learning algorithms to reveal people's character, capabilities, and social outcomes based just on their faces. This
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A machine learning (ML) approach to understanding participation in government nutrition programs Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-21 Stacey R. Finkelstein, Rohini Daraboina, Andrea Leschewski, Semhar Michael
Machine Learning (ML) affords researchers tools to advance beyond research methods commonly employed in psychology, business, and public policy studies of federal nutrition programs and participant food decision-making. It is a sub domain of AI that is applied for feature extraction – a crucial step in decision making. These features are used in context-specific automated decisions resulting in predictive
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Entertainment media as a source of relationship misinformation Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-13 Asheley R. Landrum, Liesel L. Sharabi
In this piece, we propose that entertainment media is an understudied of misinformation and relationship science is an understudied of misinformation. We discuss two ways that relationship misinformation can appear in entertainment media – in the form of blatant claims and subtle content – and we provide an example of each from reality and entertainment television. We also propose an agenda for studying
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What is the psychology of aging? Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-06-05 Jonathan J. Rolison, Alexandra M. Freund
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Comedy, consensus, and conflict framework: Comedy as a norm violation can build consensus or escalate conflict in negotiations Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Jeremy A. Yip, Kelly Kiyeon Lee
In this work, we propose that humor violates norms that can build consensus or escalate conflict in negotiations. Drawing on social identity theory, we propose that humor commits norm violations that are more likely to be perceived as benign among ingroup observers in negotiations, but perceived as offensive to outgroup observers in negotiations. We introduce the Comedy, Consensus, and Conflict Framework
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Fighting misinformation among the most vulnerable users Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Nadia M. Brashier
Misinformation undermines trust in the integrity of democratic elections, the safety of vaccines, and the authenticity of footage from war zones. Social scientists have proposed many solutions to reduce individuals' demand for fake news, but it is unclear how to evaluate them. Efficacy can mean that an intervention increases (the ability to distinguish true from false content), works over a delay,
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Goals in old age: What we want when we are old and why it matters Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Alexandra M. Freund
Across the lifespan, goals change in response to developmental changes in opportunities and demands, but they also bring about developmental changes regarding the acquisition of skills and resources. Generally, developing (selection), pursuing (optimization), and maintaining goals in the face of losses (compensation) contributes to successful development across the lifespan and to healthy aging in
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Diversity in the study of aging and lifespan development Current Opinion in Psychology (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Jonathan J. Rolison
In psychology, authors have shined a light on a lack of ethnic/racial and cultural diversity in sampling and scholarship. These issues pertain also to the study of aging and lifespan development. This article presents examples of how diverse sampling, across ethnic/racial groups and cultures, enriches theories of aging and adult development. There remain, however, numerous theoretical insights that