Stress in the English acoustic system is one of the most essential stable connections. Acoustics and rheology are intimately connected since ultrasound is basically a mechanical stress wave. Because the direction of the acoustic stress corresponds with the direction of propagation, this sort of rheology is referred to as longitudinal rheology. Acoustic stress correlates are classified into four categories:

Do social networking sites (SNSs) influence well-being? According to the active-passive model of SNS use, the impact of SNSs on well-being depends on how they are used: Using SNSs actively to interact with other users positively affects well-being, whereas passive consumption of SNS content negatively affects well-being. However, emerging evidence suggests that the active-passive distinction is too

The Gaussian graphical model (GGM) has recently grown popular in psychological research, with a large body of estimation methods being proposed and discussed across various fields of study, and several algorithms being identified and recommend as applicable to psychological data sets. Such high-dimensional model estimation, however, is not trivial, and algorithms tend to perform differently in different

The American Psychological Association (APA) developed this clinical practice guideline to provide recommendations for the treatment of depressive disorders, including major depression, subsyndromal depression, and persistent depressive disorder. It addresses three developmental cohorts: adolescents, general adults, and older adults (ages 60 and over). Ten systematic reviews and meta-analyses, along

Music teachers' work performance and personal career development are essential for the improvement of work culture. There are influencing factors of job performance and satisfaction that affect music teachers' career development in most regions. Less motivation, lowering of wages, and lack of scheduled periods are the issues that impact job performance and satisfaction. Therefore a questionnaire is

Competence lack, inadequate social support at work leads to the inability of workers since they are suffering from occupational stress. This will cause distress, burnout or psychosomatic difficulties, decreases in quality of life and service provision. Some of them may connect to work in an individual's personal life, both as managers, recognize stressors in their department, and respond on a departmental

The aim of this review is to understand what is known about the genetic and environmental influences on the development of psychopathy. Psychopathy is considered a personality structure in which affective, interpersonal, and behavioral deficits are evidenced. Both genetic and environmental effects contribute to the development of this personality structure. In this systematic review, documents from

Piano accompaniment is necessary for the creation and performance in music atmosphere and exhibits dance motion, passionate appeal, or qualities of the style. These are stated positively, and work rates were poor with no music, while removing the music is considered the longest in limited research to find the differences with reports that could derive from methodological problems. Performing a complete

Attachment theory provides a useful framework for understanding emotional reactions to separation and loss and the process of adapting to these painful events. In this paper, we review adult attachment studies that have examined emotional reactions and adjustment to separation and loss in romantic and marital relationships. We begin with a brief account of attachment theory. Next, we review studies

Impulsive and risky decision-making peaks in adolescence, and is consistently associated with the neurodevelopmental disorder Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), regardless of age. In this brief review, we demonstrate the similarity of theoretical models explaining impulsive and risky decision-making that originate in two relatively distinct literatures (i.e. on adolescence and on ADHD)

Thinking skills are mental, behavioral, and strategic mechanisms used in the resolution of concerns and decision-making. Interviewed school staff believed the thinking skill programs promote critical thinking and increased verbal uses, listening carefully, cooperation, confidence, and individuality. In this paper, Effective Teaching Strategies (ETS) are used to improve early childhood thinking skills

Background Violence and aggression have mental and physical health consequences and costs for individuals and society. The aim of this review is to identify recent cross-sector innovative approaches in psychosocial interventions for managing violence and aggression in adults. Methods We used a horizon scanning approach. Inclusion criteria were clinical trials published or registered 2017–2020 evaluating

Fossil fuel-based development has resulted in climate change and biodiversity loss, threatening the ability of the biosphere to sustain civilization. However, despite the transformative change needed to address climate change, the complexity inherent in dynamic, coupled social-ecological systems can create challenges that stifle mitigation and adaptation efforts. For example, increasing urbanization

The child's mental development can be described as how a child transforms over time and integrates physical, intellectual, and language development and emotional and social development. Child mental development involves the vision, observation, recollection, creativity, reflection, solution of problems, and intellect and expression. Socioeconomic status (SES) affects young children's academic, linguistic

In today's research domains, the automatic analysis in texts of emotion is of growing importance. Increasing social media popularity, people started sharing their views and thoughts through textual messages. At present, people prefer to reveal the ideal answer and social assistance, including in publicly organized topics such as child abuse (CA). The increasing number of abuse-related messages posted

Risk assessment is critical to prevent psychological abuse of children as it can classify high-risk situations requiring action to protect children. Despite the widespread use of risk evaluation tools in child care, the prediction of mental health issues and the properties of the tools are consistent with increased predictive efficacy are still unclear. The psychological abuse of children is associated

Adolescence is a period of rapid change, with cognitive, mental wellbeing, environmental biological factors interacting to shape lifelong outcomes. Large, longitudinal phenotypically rich data sets available for reuse (secondary data) have revolutionized the way we study adolescence, allowing the field to examine these unfolding processes across hundreds or even thousands of individuals. Here, we outline

The meaning of success in conversation depends on people's goals. Often, individuals pursue multiple goals simultaneously, such as establishing shared understanding, making a favorable impression, having fun, or persuading a conversation partner. In this article, we introduce a novel theoretical framework, the Conversational Circumplex, to classify conversational motives along two key dimensions: 1)

Advocates for the psychological construction of emotion view themselves as articulating a non-essentialist alternative to basic emotion theory's essentialist notion of affect programs. Psychological constructionists have also argued that holding essentialist assumptions about emotions engenders misconceptions about the psychological constructionist viewpoint. If so, it is important to understand what

Adolescence is a period of dynamic change across multiple systems. Concurrent maturation of neural, biological, and psychosocial functioning renders adolescence a time of heightened sensitivity to both negative and positive experiences. Here, we review recent literature across these domains, discuss risk and opportunity in the context of ongoing neural development, and highlight promising directions

In this paper, we will examine evidence-based practice (EBP) as a primary example of translating science into practice, and as the predominant model of clinical practice within psychology. We argue that despite the merits of EBP and its value for clinical psychology, key conceptual issues arise from the inquiry component of the EBP model. Second, we examine efforts to incorporate scientific models

Recent advancements in neuroimaging have made new ways of breaking down the dynamic interplay of genes and environmental influences, which affect the structure of accessible brain development. The impact on language abilities and verbal short-term memory of pre-school children from socioeconomic status (SES). Children from lower SES show less linguistic abilities and communication skills compared to

The most prominent goal when conducting a meta-analysis is to estimate the true effect size across a set of studies. This approach is problematic whenever the analyzed studies have qualitatively different results; that is, some studies show an effect in the predicted direction while others show no effect and still others show an effect in the opposite direction. In case of such qualitative differences

The recent Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to "social distancing" recommendations from public health organizations, as physical closeness bears the risk of person-to-person Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission. Here, it was explored if interpersonal distance preferences and touch behaviors in 41 countries were valid measures of physical distancing

Recent years have seen dramatic changes in research practices in psychological science. In particular, preregistration of study plans before conducting a study has been identified as an important tool to help increase the transparency of science and to improve the robustness of psychological research findings. This article presents the Psychological Research Preregistration-Quantitative (PRP-QUANT)

Reports on remote psychotherapies for youth (e.g., technology-based treatment) suggest it is acceptable, feasible, and useful in overcoming logistical barriers to treatment. But how effective is remote care? To find out, PsycINFO and PubMed were searched from 1960 through 2020, supplemented by journal searches and reference trails, to identify randomized controlled trials of youth psychotherapy for

This is a summary of the guidelines for working with low-income and economically marginalized (LIEM) people developed by the American Psychological Association (APA) task force and approved by the APA Council of Representatives. The task force, consisting of psychologists from a range of psychological specialties and both practice and educational settings, created guidelines in four main categories:

How do experts in human behavior think the world might change after the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic? What advice do they have for the postpandemic world? Is there a consensus on the most significant psychological and societal changes ahead? To answer these questions, we analyzed interviews from the World After COVID Project-reflections of more than 50 of the world's top behavioral and social science

We issue a call for the design and conduct of experimental trials to test the effects of researchers' adoption of Open Science (OS) research practices. OS emerged to address lapses in the transparency, quality, integrity, and reproducibility of research by proposing that investigators institute practices, such as preregistering study hypotheses, procedures, and statistical analyses, before launching

Presently, there are multiple values that people should know about human society. Further, young children's ability to choose and achieve their interpersonal objectives has been described as early childhood, and they are capable of working with adults. This paper studies various factors that lead to early childhood social competence and thus presents the sustainable policies for bullying prevention

Promotion, preventive and early development interventions may have the greatest effect on children's health and wellbeing. Early mental health intervention strategies can enable better health pathways, take steps well before health conditions worsen, or deter them from occurring. Subthreshold depression applies to clinically significant signs that may not fulfill major depression disorders (MDD) requirements

The Golden Rule of ethics in its negative form states that you should not do to others what you would not want others to do to you, and in its positive form states that you should do to others as you would want them to do to you. The Golden Rule is an ethical principle, but in virtual reality (VR), it can also be thought of as a paradigm for the promotion of prosocial behavior. This is because in VR

We review the logic of an evolutionary perspective on forgiveness, highlighting how insight into the likely function of forgiveness — solving adaptive problems related to acquiring and maintaining social relationships — has productively guided research and theory. A combination of experimental, longitudinal, cross-sectional, and cross-cultural evidence supports the claim that victims' perceptions of

In this article, we outline the current state of research concerning cooperation in the cross-national context. We present several theoretical approaches and empirical findings regarding national differences in cooperation, as well as how cooperation may depend on the national background of the interaction partner. In addition, we discuss the influence of (national) group norms, cultural similarity

Scientific classification provides researchers and practitioners with a method for structuring and organizing the rich complexities of scientific phenomena. Despite classification having a significant foothold on research and practice, our current approaches in the correctional domain suffer from several conceptual problems. In this paper, first, we outline the epistemic foundations of correctional

A comprehensive and well-cited review on the topic of female child sex offenders was published by Grayston and DeLuca in 1999. Over the past twenty years, the clinical and empirical literature relating to female child sex offending has grown. In particular, more is now known about the characteristics of female child sex offenders, and the nature, type, and context of offences, as well as motivations

Eyewitness identifications play a key role in the justice system, but eyewitnesses can make errors, often with profound consequences. We used findings from basic science and innovative technologies to develop and test whether a novel interactive lineup procedure, wherein witnesses can rotate and dynamically view the lineup faces from different angles, improves witness discrimination accuracy compared

We present a method for measuring the efficacy of eyewitness identification procedures by applying fundamental principles of information theory. The resulting measure evaluates the expected information gain (EIG) for an identification attempt, a single value that summarizes an identification procedure's overall potential for reducing uncertainty about guilt or innocence across all possible witness

Overall, people want to behave ethically. In some cases, temptation steers them away from ethical behavior. In other cases, purely ethical behavior is not possible, because the same behavior entails both ethical and unethical consequences. For example, collaboration with others may require people to be dishonest. We suggest that to justify their choices in such cases, people engage in a moral calculus

Probation and parole officers must carefully balance law enforcement and rehabilitation goals to deliver effective treatments and behavioral controls. The tension between these two goals can create uncertainty regarding appropriate supervision practices. The present study summarizes results from an effort to construct community supervision practice guidelines by integrating scientific research and

This award recognizes a distinguished career and enduring contribution to the teaching of psychology. Elizabeth Yost Hammer is recognized for her significant career as a psychologist with a proven track record as an exceptional teacher of psychology. Dr. Hammer is a passionate, student-centered teacher, as well as a distinguished expert in pedagogy and teaching of psychology. Her leadership roles in

This award recognizes a distinguished career and enduring contribution to applications of psychology. Frederick Morrison, PhD, is recognized for pioneering research linking psychology and education. He was one of the first psychologists to utilize the information-processing approach to study childhood reading disorders, demonstrating that dyslexic children do not suffer primarily from a visual-perceptual

This award recognizes a distinguished career and enduring contribution to the science of psychology. Bernard Weiner is recognized for his prolific and influential contributions to psychological science through the development of an attributional approach to motivation and emotion. Weiner examined people's causal explanations of their own and others' behavior and showed these to have affective and behavioral

This award recognizes a distinguished career and enduring contribution to the practice of psychology. Samuel Knapp's long, distinguished career has resulted in demonstrable effects and significant contributions to best practices in professionalism, ethics education, positive ethics, and legislative advocacy as Director of Professional Affairs for the Pennsylvania Psychological Association and as an

This award recognizes a distinguished career and enduring contribution to psychology in the public interest. Vonnie C. McLoyd has made outstanding contributions in the public interest as a scholar, mentor, and leader in professional affairs. Her scholarship advanced understanding of the processes through which poverty harms children and provided evidence of the protective effects of social support

Webster and team's (2021) extension of our analysis to look at more journals over a longer time period suggests a slightly quicker trend away from Americanness in psychological journals than we found. However, they make a purely binary distinction between American and not American and do not address whether the change they document includes the most relevant increase in representation: that from the

Commenting on Thalmayer, Toscanelli, and Arnett (2020), we provide broader analysis of the national institutional affiliations of authors (2,978), editors (286), and consulting editors (2,652) from seven (vs. six) American Psychological Association (APA) journals that span over 40 (vs. 30) years. Using multilevel models, results showed that percentages of lead authors at American institutions decreased

Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) has been associated with multiple adverse medical, psychological, behavioral, depression, and social effects. Moreover, there can be a lack of awareness of the possible psychological resources that could reduce childhood emotional abuse's negative results. Hence in this paper, Deep learning assisted impact of psychological abuse and depression (DL-IPAD) in children from

In light of the "replication crisis," some advocate for stricter standards and greater transparency in research methods. These efforts push toward a data analysis approach called "confirmatory data analysis" (CDA; see Wagenmakers et al., 2012). However, some (e.g., Baumeister, 2016; Goldin-Meadow, 2016) suggest that emphasizing CDA may restrict creativity and discovery. These scholars argued (sometimes

Human brain networks undergo pronounced changes during development. The emergence of highly connected hub regions that can support integrated brain function is central to this maturational process, with these areas undergoing a particularly protracted period of development that extends into adulthood. The location of cortical network hubs emerges early but connections to and from hubs continue to strengthen

Few people are as important for an adolescent's development as their parents. However, most research on parent–adolescent relationships describes long-term population-wide effects. Therefore, little is known about everyday interactions between adolescents and parents in individual families. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) measures families several times a day as they go through daily life. This

One piece of the puzzle to prosocial behavior is understanding its underlying cognitive and affective processes. We discuss how modeling behavior in social dilemmas can be expanded by integrating cognitive theories and attention-based models of decision processes, and models of affective influences on prosocial decision-making. We review theories speaking to the interconnections of cognition and affect

Adolescence is a dynamic period for the development of emotion regulation. For many individuals, emotion regulation skills improve dramatically during adolescence; however, for some youth, adolescence marks the beginning or worsening of psychopathology characterized by difficulties with emotion regulation. In the present review, I describe evidence that caregiving experiences play an outsized role

Restorative justice offers a distinct approach for responding to moral harm. Its core values emphasise voluntariness, safety, inclusion, dignity, respect, responsibility, accountability, truth-telling and honesty. It focuses on addressing harm, offering people who have committed or been harmed by crime the opportunity to safely discuss the nature and consequences of the offence, ask questions and offer

Sports and exercise are prominent practices in prisoners' everyday lives, yet their spatial importance in prison surroundings has not been thoroughly studied across the world. The role and involvement of prisoners in prison life have become critical issues in sports competitions. Therefore, this paper proposes a Meta-analysis framework (MAF) to evaluate the barriers to prisoners' participation in sports

Van Oest (2019) developed a framework to assess interrater agreement for nominal categories and complete data. We generalize this framework to all four situations of nominal or ordinal categories and complete or incomplete data. The mathematical solution yields a chance-corrected agreement coefficient that accommodates any weighting scheme for penalizing rater disagreements and any number of raters

Ward & Durrant (2021, this issue) explain the need for practice theories, to tie together the abstract, explanatory features of criminological theories, and operationalization of interventions. In this paper, the theory/theories of “desistance” (i.e., the cessation of criminal activity) are examined with an eye toward describing the various frameworks that explain and predict desistance from crime

In this article, we argue that stigma may be an important, but heretofore underrecognized, source of heterogeneity in treatment effects of mental- and behavioral-health interventions. To support this hypothesis, we review recent evidence from randomized controlled trials and spatial meta-analyses suggesting that stigma may predict not only who responds more favorably to these health interventions (i

In this contribution, we review current research on daily-life experiences of trust in diverse and naturally occurring social interactions ranging from close relationships to complete strangers. Experience-sampling methodology allows the joint examination of situational, relational, dispositional, motivational, and behavioral variables in their relation to trust. Thereby, these recent studies advance