This study adapted and examined the psychometric properties of the Youth Life Orientation Test (YLOT)-a measure to evaluate dispositional optimism and pessimism-in a Brazilian sample of children and adolescents aged between 5 and 16 years. The factor structure, reliability, convergent validity, and invariance of the YLOT were evaluated within and across four age groups (N1 = 266, N2 = 246, N3 = 211

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) family of instruments has been commonly used for the evaluation of patients seeking surgical intervention for back pain. A new version of the MMPI, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-3 (MMPI-3), has been released with updated normative data, expanded and revised item content, and updated scales. The purpose of this investigation is

At present, there are two models of pathological personality represented in two measurement instruments, the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) and the Personality Inventory for ICD-11 (PiCD). Although both instruments have shown high convergence, the PID-5 has the advantage of including facets that might offer greater predictive capacity. An alternative to the PiCD has recently been proposed

The Eating Disorder Inventory-Drive for Thinness (EDI-DT) subscale is commonly used in research and as an eating disorder screening measure, but extant evidence is scant regarding its psychometric properties. University and community samples often are treated as interchangeable in terms of research conclusions. Given established demographic differences between these two populations, the present study

To date, no measures of sexual fantasies and behaviors have been tested using modern structural equation modeling techniques. A total of 4,280 adults from the U.S., U.K., Canada, and Ireland completed a measure of diverse (paraphilic and normophilic) sexual fantasies and behaviors. Data were randomly split in half for a two-part analysis. First, an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed to

The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) both measure emotional and behavioral problems in children and adolescents, and scores on the two instruments are highly correlated. When administrative needs compel practitioners to change the instrument used or data from the two measures are combined to perform pooled analyses, it becomes necessary to compare scores

Psychosocial functioning impairment is prevalent in first-episode psychosis and chronic schizophrenia. The Quality of Life Scale (QLS) is a widely used tool to measure psychosocial functioning; however, given the overlap between negative symptoms and functioning, along with the QLS being conceptualized initially as a measure of the deficit syndrome, it is unclear whether summing QLS items into a total

In this study, we explore the effects of in-person versus remote administration and in-person versus remote proctoring on scores on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) in the context of police candidate preemployment evaluations. To this end, we compare data gathered from candidates who completed the test under standard, in-person conditions with data from

Derailment, a newly mapped construct describing difficulty reconciling perceived changes in identity and self-direction, offers researchers a unique lens for understanding adjustment. As identity development is a lifelong process, establishing the impartiality of the primary measure for derailment across a broad age range is necessary. Across a cross-sectional sample of emerging, young, and midlife

Positive mental health (PMH), defined as the presence of general emotional, psychological, and social well-being is an important factor of general mental health. To allow for valid comparisons of PMH across different groups of interest, measurement invariant instruments are needed. The present study tested the measurement invariance of the nine-item Positive Mental Health Scale (PMH-Scale) across eight

Behavioral regulation supports children to control their cognitive and emotional skills and participate fully in classroom learning and interactions. Teacher ratings are frequently used to collect data but are highly susceptible to the teacher's response bias, meaning much child level variance is attributable to the teacher level. Multilevel modeling techniques are commonly used to assess the psychometric

Sexual minority women experience greater health disparities relative to heterosexual women, which is thought to be due to unique stressors related to their sexual identities. Daily diary or momentary assessments may provide a more nuanced approach to understanding how sexual minority stressors relate to health behaviors than cross-sectional studies provide. To date, there is no validated measure to

Indecisiveness is a prevalent and impairing symptom among individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the use of different self-report questionnaires and factor analysis methods in past research has been a barrier to understanding the nature of indecisiveness in depression. Addressing these barriers could help to elucidate the dimensionality and validity of indecisiveness questionnaires

This systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing scales for fatalism, along with information regarding their methodological robustness. A systematic search was conducted in PsycINFO (PsycARTICLES and Psychology and Behavioral Sciences), PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE, and Web of Science. Articles were selected if they described a Self-Report questionnaire properly designated

Despite the considerable growth in mindfulness-based research in the field of psychosis, few attempts have been made to validate mindfulness instruments in this population. This study aimed to evaluate the factorial structure, internal consistency, construct validity, and longitudinal measurement invariance of the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) in a sample of individuals with first-episode

Performance validity tests (PVTs) and symptom validity tests (SVTs) detect inaccuracies in examinee-completed measures, though methods for assessing the accuracy of informant reports-which may be inaccurate due to examinee deception, motivation for external incentives (e.g., disability payments), or attempts to validate examinee experiences-remain underexplored. We used a sample of 72 veteran-informant

The antagonistic personality trait Machiavellianism (Mach) should be characterized by duplicity, proclivity to manipulation, cynical disregard of others, long-term planning, and low aggression. Opposed to theoretical descriptions, recent studies revealed links between Mach and neuroticism, impulsivity, and aggression. The advantages of a multidimensional assessment of Mach are well known but were seldom

Deaf people are known to have significantly poorer reading comprehension skills when compared to their hearing counterparts. This poses significant threats to text-based psychological assessments. The plethora of text-based self-report measures available provides ample opportunity to translate/adapt existing tools from text to sign language. This paper systematically reviewed the challenges and facilitators

Children born to mothers infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) during pregnancy experience increased risk of neurocognitive impairment. In Botswana, HIV infection is common among youth, but standardized cognitive screening is limited. The Penn Computerized Neurocognitive Battery (PennCNB), a tool that streamlines evaluation of neurocognitive functioning, was culturally adapted for use

The Emotional Availability Scales (EAS) are the most widely reported observational assessment measure of parent-child relationships and has been of particular interest in understanding differences between samples of depressed and nondepressed mothers and their offspring. Despite its widespread use, psychometric validation of the factor structure in normative samples and the measurement of invariance

Since parental burnout can have detrimental consequences for parents, couples, and children, easy-to-use, reliable, and valid practical tools for the early detection of parental burnout are required. We developed and validated a brief scale to identify burned-out parents and parents at burnout risk. In Study 1, we developed the 5-item Brief Parental Burnout scale (BPBs) based on the gold standard measure

The aim of this study was to establish normative data for the Spanish version of the California Verbal Learning Test, the Test de Aprendizaje Verbal España-Complutense (TAVEC). Through different subtests, the TAVEC allows verbal learning and episodic memory to be evaluated, an assessment that was carried out on a sample of 382 cognitive healthy Spanish individuals aged 60-90 years old. Unlike the participant's

We evaluated construct validity, responsiveness, and utility of change indicators of the Dutch-Flemish PROMIS adult v1.0 item banks for Depression and Anxiety administered as computerized adaptive test (CAT). Specifically, the CATs were compared to the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) using pre- and re-test data of adult patients treated for common mental disorders (N = 400; median pre-to-re-test interval

Few measures of autism-related symptoms have been established as both psychometrically robust and sensitive to the effects of treatment. In the present study, a personalized measure of autism-related symptoms using the Youth Top Problems (YTP) method (Weisz et al., 2011) was evaluated. Participants included 68 children with diagnoses of autism (ages 6-13 years), and their parents, who were randomized

The present study examined the predictive properties of three youth forensic measures-the Violence Risk Scale-Youth Version (VRS-YV), Structured Assessment of Violence Risk in Youth (SAVRY), and the Structured Assessment of Protective Factors-Youth Version (SAPROF-YV)-in a diverse court-adjudicated sample of 257 youth referred for assessment and intervention services at an outpatient mental health

This study evaluates the psychometric properties (dimensionality, item bias, reliability) of the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised (RBS-R), provides scoring guidelines for the dimensional measure, and makes recommendations for future RRB measure development. Participants included individuals from three large autism data repositories; Simon Foundation Powering Autism Research for Knowledge (SPARK),

The trait impulsivity theory suggests that a single, highly heritable externalizing liability factor, expressed as temperamental trait impulsivity, represents the core vulnerability for externalizing disorders. The present study sought to test the application of latent factor models derived from this theory to a clinical sample of children. Participants were 474 German children (age 6-12 years, 81%

Accurate distinction between state and trait anxiety is necessary for assessment and monitoring of individual anxiety levels over time and developing effective interventions to reduce anxiety. Generalizability theory (G-theory) is a suitable method to distinguish between state and trait and to evaluate reliability of test scores and sources of measurement error in the assessment of affective conditions

Self-efficacy is a commonly examined cognitive determinant of behavior change in weight-loss trials, but there has been little uniformity in its measurement. To address this, a recently developed survey captures self-efficacy as it relates to three behavioral domains of interest to weight-loss interventionists: physical activity (PA), healthful eating, and weight loss. The purpose of this study was

This article describes the initial validation of the Diagnostic Assessment Research Tool (DART), a modular semistructured interview to facilitate diagnosis of various disorders among adults corresponding with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5). In this study, the construct, convergent, and discriminant validity of DART modules for anxiety disorders, depressive

Coaching individuals on test-taking strategies presents legal and ethical concerns and threatens the validity of psychological test score interpretations, which could lead to inaccuracies in clinical settings and injustices within the legal system. This meta-analysis examined the impact of coaching on the detection of symptom exaggeration or feigning on the MMPI-2. A total of 99 feigning studies (N

A major goal in the development of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF), and subsequently, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-3 (MMPI-3) was linking the instrument to contemporary models of psychopathology. The present study evaluated whether the higher order structure of MMPI-3 scales, and in particular, the 26 Specific Problems as well as RC6

It is often important to study people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors over time. To this end, researchers have relied on repeated cross-sectional (RCS) studies, in which different people from the same population participate on different measurement occasions. Also, researchers have relied on panel studies, in which the same group of people participate on different measurement occasions. However

Research has rarely considered within-person variability in executive function. Using a web-based program, this study investigated end-of-day executive function for 2 weeks among 178 racially/ethnically diverse adolescents (Mage = 14.53). For each core component of executive function (cognitive flexibility, inhibitory control, working memory), short-term practice effects were identified for the first

To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Italian translation of the Schedule for Nonadaptive and Adaptive Personality-2 (SNAP-2) diagnostic scales, 837 Italian community-dwelling adults and 429 consecutively admitted Italian psychiatric adults were administered the SNAP-2. The 12 SNAP-2 diagnostic scales yielded reliable scores in both community (median ω value = .90) and psychiatric (median

We evaluated competing measurement models for the Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version (PCL:SV), one of the most widely used assessment instruments of psychopathy, which applies to clinical, forensic, and community samples. With four all-male community and forensic samples collected in Germany and the United States (nTotal = 853), we evaluated several measurement models of the PCL:SV, including

Early detection of eating disorders (EDs) is crucial for both prevention and treatment; however, few ED measures have been validated among older adults, men, and racially/ethnically diverse individuals, who may have varying symptom presentations. We examined the psychometric quality of three self-report ED measures within a diverse sample of U.S. military veterans, a population that may have elevated

Many patients who seek treatment for chronic back pain are also at a higher risk of having comorbid anxiety- and depression-related disorders. Measures of mood and anxiety are routinely used in medical settings to screen for depression- and anxiety-related symptoms. However, factor analyses of other measures of mood and anxiety in medical settings often detect a somatization factor which, in turn,

Despite being multifaceted in nature, positive emotional (PE) experiences often are studied using only global PE ratings, and measures assessing more specific PE facets do not converge in their assessment approaches. To address these issues, we examined hierarchical factor structures of ratings of positive emotionality, which reflect propensities toward experiencing PE, in both online community adult

The Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ) is a normal range inventory for assessing a variety of empirically derived primary traits. These trait scores can be differentially weighted to estimate higher-order broad dimensions such as Positive Emotionality (PEM), Negative Emotionality (NEM), and Constraint (CON). However, broad trait scores are estimated using proprietary regression equations

The Leuven Perceptual Organization Screening Test (L-POST) is a test for midlevel visual perceptual deficits after brain injury. Previous research demonstrated reliable test scores and valid test score interpretations. However, the test's duration (20-35 min) is too long for a screening approach for all patients in clinical practice. Our aim was to shorten L-POST to 10-15 min based on statistical criteria

This study aimed to validate the PROMIS® pediatric v2.0 Anger scale in the Dutch general population, provide reference data, and compare reliability and relative efficiency between the full-length scale, its short-form, computerized adaptive test (CAT), and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQLTM) emotional functioning (EF) subscale scores. Children (N = 1,328), representative of the Dutch population

Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) has increasingly been used to examine suicidality in naturalistic environments. Despite its potential to yield clinically relevant information, no EMA study has used an anonymous, fully online, design. This study reports on the feasibility and acceptability of real-time monitoring of suicide risk among 237 high-risk, anonymous, community-based adults (N = 237,

Primal world beliefs ("primals") are beliefs about the basic character of the world (e.g., "the world is an abundant place"). The first effort to empirically map primals identified over two dozen such beliefs. The four highest-order beliefs--the overall belief that the world is Good (vs. bad), followed by Good's three dimensions of Safe (vs. dangerous), Enticing (vs. dull), and Alive (vs. mechanistic)-were

Teachers are uniquely placed to comment on the psychosocial functioning of their students. In particular, teacher report of symptoms and functional impairment is crucial in a diagnostic assessment of Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). For adolescents, however, schooling structures and other factors can influence the reliability of teacher reports. Clarity is needed for both clinicians

The Depressive Symptom Index-Suicidality Subscale (DSI-SS) is a four-item self-report measure of suicidal ideation severity widely used across research and clinical contexts. However, the psychometric properties of the English-language version of the DSI-SS have not been extensively examined within a psychiatric sample, and important properties of this scale (e.g., sensitivity to change) have yet to

This study evaluated symptom validity scales from the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI) and mild Brain Injury Atypical Symptom Scale (mBIAS) in a sample of 338 combat veterans. Classification statistics were computed using the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS) as the validity criterion. Symptom distress was assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Posttraumatic

The present study evaluated the criterion validity and practical utility of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-3 (MMPI-3) scores in preemployment evaluations of police candidates (n = 377) and candidates for other public safety occupations (n = 276) in the Midwestern United States. Preemployment psychological reports were used to rate problems in the ten California Commission on Peace Officer

Self-report psychopathy scales are increasingly used in research and practice despite criticisms that they may be susceptible to response distortion and bias. We assessed the utility of including the Virtuous Responding (VR) and Deviant Responding (DR) validity scales from the Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised (PPI-R) for identifying underreporting and overreporting, respectively, on both

Metacognition is important for monitoring and regulating cognitive processes, decision-making, problem-solving, and learning. Despite widespread interest in metacognition, measuring metacognition in children poses a significant challenge. Some qualitative and observational metrics exist but are restricted by scalability, range of metacognitive components measured, and use of different metrics compared

Depression is a leading mental health concern across the U.S. and worldwide. There are myriad assessments to evaluate depressive symptoms, including the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), which is widely used to evaluate women's pre- and postnatal depression but not as prevalent at other timepoints in adulthood, limiting its utility for longitudinal research. As part of the National Institutes

Sleep is closely related to physical and mental health problems as well as problem behaviors among adolescents and young adults. Thus, to better understand sleep seems paramount, including how to best measure it. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is one of the most widely used sleep measures. Some recent psychometric evidence (i.e., inconsistent dimensionality across studies) has called into

Many forensic assessment measures are developed and validated under research conditions but applied in the field, where professionals or paraprofessionals have varied training, unknown fidelity to administration procedures, and contextual pressures related to their institutions or legal system. Yet few studies examine the generalizability of psychometric properties of these scales as actually applied

Stanley et al. (Psychological Assessment, 2018, 20, 1249) examined Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF; Ben-Porath & Tellegen, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form: Manual for administration, scoring, and interpretation, 2008/2011, University of Minnesota Press) profile configurations to predict which individuals engage in suicidal behavior

As an essential component of social cognition, emotion recognition is closely related to psychosocial adjustment. Particularly, the usefulness of the assessment of complex emotion recognition has been emphasized in that complex rather than basic emotions reflect the complicated and wide-ranging social cognition of individuals. In this study, the Yonsei-Cambridge Mindreading Face Battery (Y-CAM) was

Screening measures are used in psychology and medicine to identify respondents who are high or low on a construct. Based on the screening, the evaluator assigns respondents to classes corresponding to different courses of action: Make a diagnosis versus reject a diagnosis; provide services versus withhold services; or conduct further assessment versus conclude the assessment process. When measures

Measurement limitations lessen the conclusions about the role of the alliance in youth psychosocial treatment. This article examined the score reliability, factor structure, and validity of the 9-item Therapy Process Observational Coding System for Child Psychotherapy-Alliance scale (TPOCS-A). The sample, 51 youth aged 7-15 years (Mage = 10.36 years, SD = 1.90; 86.3% White; 60.8% male, 39.2% female)

ImPACT is the most commonly utilized computerized neurocognitive assessment for the clinical management of sport concussion. The cognitive composite scores that ImPACT currently reports include Verbal Memory, Visual Memory, Visual Motor Speed, Reaction Time, and Impulse Control. However, exploratory factor analytic studies report that two or more factors may better represent ImPACT's latent structure

Rumination and worry are common forms of perseverative cognition in children. Research has started to target perseverative cognitions in the everyday life of children, however, valid measurement instruments reliably capturing rumination and worry in children's daily life are still missing. We conducted two ambulatory assessment studies validating short scales suitable for the measurement of rumination

Recent theories of suicide behavior have proposed a risk factor that differentiates suicide ideators from suicide attempters: Suicide capability. Fearlessness about death, one component of capability, has predicted the likelihood of a future attempt in adult samples. Although there is preliminary evidence about its value in youth, the fearlessness about death scale (FAD) has not yet been validated