ABSTRACT Nearly half of children meeting criteria for a mental health disorder in the United States (U.S.) do not receive the treatment they need. Unfortunately, lack of access to and engagement in mental health services can be seen at even higher rates for historically marginalized groups, including low-income, racial, and ethnic minority youth. Lay Health Workers (LHWs) represent a valuable workforce

(2021). Acknowledgments. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology: Vol. 50, No. 6, pp. I-III.

ABSTRACT Objective Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) was dismantled into four modules of three sessions each: cognitive restructuring (Think), behavioral activation (Act), problem solving (Solve) and relaxation (Relax). We investigated the modules’ relative effectiveness in indicated depression prevention for adolescents and examined variations in sequencing of these modules. Method We performed a

ABSTRACT For many years, scholars have sought to examine “for whom” psychotherapy is most likely to yield efficacious results. This special issue offers a review of research in several areas of child and adolescent psychopathology, and provides helpful points to guide future research in this area.

ABSTRACT Objective Traditional studies of treatment moderators have focused largely on psychological factors such as clinical severity. Racial and economic inequity exert large effects on youth mental health, on treatment efficacy, and on the likelihood of receiving treatment altogether. Yet, these factors are studied less often by clinical psychological scientists. Method We conducted a narrative

ABSTRACT Objective Although many studies have identified risk factors for adolescent pregnancy, much less is known about factors that support pregnant adolescents’ psychological wellbeing and offspring outcomes. This study drew on strength-based frameworks to investigate family and neighborhood factors linked to social connectedness that predict psychological wellbeing during adolescent pregnancy and

ABSTRACT For Black American youth and their families, the racial terror that claimed the life of George Floyd in May 2020 is nothing new, as stories of people who look just like them have been part and parcel of their lived experience in the United States. Beyond state-sanctioned murder, Black youth were also witnessing the disproportionate transmission, treatment, and travesty plaguing their community

ABSTRACT Objective Interpersonal negative life events (NLEs) have been linked to risk for suicidal thoughts and behaviors. However, little is known about how this risk is conferred over the short term and the mechanisms linking interpersonal NLEs to suicide risk, particularly in adolescents. This study used an intensive longitudinal design to examine thwarted belongingness with family and friends as

ABSTRACT Objective The processes facilitating resilience are likely to be influenced by individual, familial and contextual factors that are dynamic across the life-course. These factors have been less studied in relation to resilience profiles evident in the developmental period between early to middle childhood, relative to later periods of adolescence or adulthood. Method This study examined factors

ABSTRACT Objective: The goal of this study was to examine the direct and conditional effects of active coping and prior exposure to school-related stressors on cortisol reactivity and recovery in response to an academically salient, social stress task.Method: Participants included N= 758 adolescents (50% male; M age = 12.03 years, SD = .49) enrolled in the 7th grade in Title 1 middle schools. Adolescents

ABSTRACT Objective The core elements of family therapy for adolescent mental health and substance use problems, originally distilled from high-fidelity sessions conducted by expert clinicians, were tested for validity generalization when delivered by community therapists in routine settings. Method The study sampled recorded sessions from 161 cases participating in one of three treatment pools: implementation

ABSTRACT Objective To determine whether iron deficiency in infancy is associated with sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) or attention-deficit/hyperactive-impulsive (AD-HI) symptoms in childhood and adolescence, and whether such behaviors contribute concurrently and predictively to lower verbal and mathematical abilities. Method Chilean children (N = 959; 50% male, of Spanish or indigenous descent from

ABSTRACT Objective: Emotion regulation (ER) is a multi-faceted and dynamic process relevant to both normative emotional development and transdiagnostic emotional dysfunction for a range of psychological disorders. There has been tremendous growth in ER research over the past decade, including the development of numerous new measures to assess ER. This Evidence Base Update included a systematic review

ABSTRACT Objective: The recent addition of the callous-unemotional (CU) traits specifier, “with Limited Prosocial Emotions (LPE),” to major classification systems has prompted the need for assessment tools that aid in the identification of elevations on these traits for diagnostic purposes. The goal of the current study was to use and evaluate multiple methods for establishing cutoff scores for the

ABSTRACT Objective The degree to which adolescent social media use is associated with depressive symptoms has been the source of considerable debate. Prior studies have been limited by a reliance on cross-sectional data and measures of overall “screen time.” This study examines prospective associations between adolescents’ emotional responses to social media experiences and depressive symptoms, and

ABSTRACT Objective Discrepancies between caregiver and youth reports of emotional and behavioral symptoms are well-documented, with cross-informant correlations often falling in the low to moderate range. Studies have shown that caregiver-youth (dis)agreement in reporting of youth symptoms is related to treatment outcomes. However, commonly used methods for exploring reporter discrepancies (e.g., difference

ABSTRACT Objective This observational study characterizes youth and caregiver behaviors that may pose challenges to engagement within a system-driven implementation of multiple evidence-based practices (EBPs). We examined links between Engagement Challenges and therapist EBP implementation outcomes. Method Community therapists (N = 102) provided audio recordings of EBP sessions (N = 666) for youth

ABSTRACT Objective Behavioral parent training (BPT) is an evidence-based intervention for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but little is known about the effects of separate techniques parents learn in BPT. Method In a three-armed randomized controlled microtrial including parents of 92 children (4–12 years) with ADHD, we examined the efficacy of two sessions parent training

ABSTRACT Objective Emotion dysregulation problems are prevalent and disruptive for many with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study compared severity and perceived change in emotion dysregulation in youth with and without ASD and probed correlates of emotion dysregulation (including possible two-way interactions) among youth with ASD. Method Participants were drawn from two large online samples

ABSTRACT Objective The purpose of the current study was to use network analysis techniques to parse relations between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom domains, domains of executive function, and temperament traits. Methods Participants were 420 children aged 6–17 years (55% boys). The majority of the participants were Caucasian (72.86%) and 50% of the sample met diagnostic criteria

ABSTRACT Objective: The gap between rates of children’s mental health problems and their participation in services highlights the need to address concerns related to engagement in mental health services more effectively. To identify, understand, and resolve engagement concerns appropriately requires effective measurement. In this study, we employed a multidimensional conceptual framework of engagement

ABSTRACT Objective: It is often assumed that children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience friendship difficulties because of their own problem behaviors. However, friendships are dyadic relationships between two children. This study sought to understand the incremental contributions of friends’ problem behaviors to dyadic friendship quality in a clinically diagnosed sample

ABSTRACT Objective: Social and academic functioning are linked in elementary school, and both are frequently impaired in children with elevated symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study evaluated the Making Socially Accepting Inclusive Classrooms (MOSAIC) program, a classroom intervention to support children’s social and academic functioning, especially for children at

(2021). In Memoriam: Leslie Altman Rescorla. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology: Vol. 50, IN MEMORIAM: LESLIE ALTMAN RESCORLA, pp. 547-550.

ABSTRACT Objective: Aggression with impulsivity and reactivity (AIR) may distinguish a subset of youth from those with attention problems, rule-breaking behavior, or mood disorders, potentially with differential treatment response. Yet, DSM-5 and ICD-10 do not include an AIR diagnosis. Thus, we empirically grouped youths into profiles based on AIR, manic, depressive, rule-breaking, and self-harm behaviors;

ABSTRACT Objective: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is significantly over-represented among transgender adolescents. Independently, ASD and gender diversity are associated with increased mental health risks. Yet, mental health in autistic-transgender adolescents is poorly understood. This study investigates mental health in the largest matched sample to date of autistic-transgender, non-autistic (allistic)

ABSTRACT Clinical psychological scientists have spent decades attempting to understand “what works for whom” in the context of youth psychotherapy, toward the longstanding goal of personalizing psychosocial interventions to fit individual needs and characteristics. However, as the articles in this Special Issue jointly underscore, more than 50 years of psychotherapy research has yet to help us realize

ABSTRACT Although firearm violence is universally recognized as a paramount public health problem in the United States, for nearly two decades a Congressional budget amendment prevented federal agencies from funding research aimed at understanding the antecedents and consequences of gun violence. These restrictions have been lifted in recent years; however, the field is struggling to overcome a considerable

ABSTRACT Objective: To examine whether at-risk male youth experience increases in anxiety, depressive symptoms, and aggression during years when they are exposed to gun violence, adjusting for relevant covariates. Method: Participants were 1,216 male, justice-involved adolescents who were recently arrested for the first time for a moderate offense. They were interviewed 9 times over 5 years. Fixed

ABSTRACT The main purpose of this article and this special section is to encourage greater attention to the key gaps that exist in our understanding of the epidemiology of adolescent firearm violence and to provide a pathway forward for future longitudinal research that will inform prevention efforts. This increased attention is especially salient given: (a) firearms are the leading cause of death

ABSTRACT Objective: Although peer difficulties and sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) are related, studies have yet to examine environmental factors that may advance further understanding of this association. The current study tested whether peer difficulties, specifically social competence and peer victimization, interacted with school support, a component of school climate, in relation to adolescents’

ABSTRACT Objective: Few studies have evaluated attachment-based parent interventions for pre-teens and teens, and in particular, differential adolescent trajectories of response. This study examined distinct patterns, and multi-level predictors, of intervention response among youth with serious behavioral and mental health problems whose parents participated in Connect, an attachment- and trauma-informed

ABSTRACT Objective: We examined whether in the presence of trauma exposure, non-traumatic stress-related symptoms are interpreted by mental health clinicians as less salient than the trauma exposure and are de-emphasized as a treatment target, consistent with a diagnostic overshadowing bias. Methods: Using an adapted version of a diagnostic overshadowing bias experimental paradigm, mental health clinicians

ABSTRACT Objective: Bullying perpetration has been proposed to be a strategic behavior used by adolescents to compete for social resources, yet the co-development of bullying perpetration and trait hypercompetitiveness is understudied. The joint developmental trajectories of self-rated bullying perpetration and parent-rated hypercompetitiveness were investigated in a sample of adolescents and childhood

ABSTRACT Objective: There is a well-documented relationship between discrimination and increases in internalizing symptoms among rural Latinx youth. Among numerous assets in these adolescents’ lives, family resilience emerges as a culturally relevant and robust protective factor. However, it is still unclear whether family resilience is equally protective across different internalizing symptom clusters

ABSTRACT Objective: Attachment theory suggests that parent responsiveness to infant distress predicts secure parent–child attachment and subsequent healthy child development. While much is known about microsystem factors that interfere with responsive caregiving, there is a paucity of research investigating how exosystem factors, such as neighborhood crime, affect parenting. Method: In a sample of

ABSTRACT Objective: This study tested whether the longitudinal effects of mothers’ and fathers’ corporal punishment on children’s aggression would vary depending on the context of the parent-child relationship (gender of the parent-child dyad, other parenting practices). Method: Participants were 325 children (Mage = 7.44 years, SD = .50) and their parents from Estonia who participated in a longitudinal

ABSTRACT Objective: The relative contribution of individual cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) components to treatment outcomes for child anxiety disorders (CADs) is unclear. Recent meta-analyses suggest that exposure may be the primary active ingredient in CBT for CADs, and that relaxation may be relatively less effective. This brief report tests the hypothesis that exposure-focused CBT (EF-CBT) would

ABSTRACT Objective: This study determined whether child and family environment factors are associated with differences in developmental trajectories of emotional and behavioral dysregulation in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Method: Participants included 186 families of a child with ASD (5–12 years old at baseline; 86% male; 83% non-Hispanic Caucasian; 35% comorbid intellectual disability)

ABSTRACT Objective: The present study sought to evaluate the psychometric properties and inter-informant agreement of the Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview-Revised (SITBI-R) in adolescents and their parents. Method: Suicidal and nonsuicidal adolescents from the community (N = 206), ages 12–19 years, were administered the SITBI-R during a lab visit. Approximately half of the adolescents’

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify subgroups of urban youth based on their self- and teacher-reported mental health symptoms, and to explore characteristics of these subgroups. Methods: Cross-sectional data from 426 eighth-grade students (Mage = 13.22 years; 70.1% Black/African American; 58.7% female) across 20 Baltimore City public schools were analyzed using latent profile analysis and latent regressions

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this Brief Report is to synthesize the current evidence base examining moderators of psychosocial intervention response for children and adolescents with conduct problems (CP). We also provide directions for future research. Method: We focused on four categories of psychosocial interventions for the prevention and/or treatment of CP: (1) parent management training

ABSTRACT Objective: Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) occurs across the weight spectrum, however research addressing the coexistesnce of ARFID with overweight/obesity (OV/OB) is lacking. We aimed to establish co-occurrence of OV/OB and ARFID and to characterize divergent neurobiological features of ARFID by weight. Method: Youth with full/subthreshold ARFID (12 with healthy weight [HW]

ABSTRACT Objective: Parent-child role confusion has been shown to influence developmental outcomes for children whose parents have a history of depression; however, more research is needed to understand the pathways by which parental depression increases risk of role confusion. The current study aimed to extend previous literature by evaluating how different family processes (e.g., interparental conflict

ABSTRACT Objective: Callous-unemotional traits (CU) traits are characterized by low empathy, guilt, and reduced sensitivity to others’ feelings, along with a reduced drive for social affiliation. However, little is known about the relationships between CU traits and social affiliation in the school context, or the influence of gender on these associations. This study tested reciprocal associations

This Evidence Base Update of parent-report measures of youth anxiety symptoms is a companion piece to our update on youth self-report anxiety symptom measures (Etkin et al., 2021). We rate the psychometric properties of the parent-report measures as Adequate, Good, or Excellent using criteria developed by Hunsley and Mash (2008) and Youngstrom et al. (2017). Our review reveals that the evidence base

Youth mentoring is a potentially powerful tool for prevention and intervention, but it has garnered little attention from clinical child and adolescent psychologists. For decades, the practice of youth mentoring has out-paced its underlying science, and meta-analytic studies consistently reveal modest outcomes. The field is now at an important crossroads: Continue to endorse traditional, widely used

ABSTRACT Objective: Opioid misuse has become an epidemic in the United States. In the present study, we examine potential malleable early childhood predictors of opioid misuse including whether childhood achievement, aggressive behavior, attention problems, and peer social preference/likability in first grade predicted opioid misuse and whether these relationships differed depending on participant

ABSTRACT Objective: There is an urgent need to equip community-based careworkers with the skills to address the mental health needs of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) as an essential response to shortages in human resources for mental health in Sub-Saharan Africa. We conducted a quasi-experimental feasibility trial in South Africa to adapt and evaluate an established year-long semi-structured

ABSTRACT Objective: To examine cross-sectional associations between social capital constructs and 1) adolescent lifetime mental disorders, 2) severity of functional impairment, and 3) psychiatric comorbidity. Method: Data were from the National Comorbidity Survey Adolescent Supplement, a nationally representative mental health survey of 6,483 U.S. adolescents aged 13–18 years. Information from fully-structured

ABSTRACT Online methods hold promise as effective research tools for adolescent psychopathology research. Such methods may be the most effective way to reach large, representative samples of adolescents and harder-to-reach populations. They also may increase adolescent disclosure of risky behaviors, reduce recruitment costs, and increase the cost and time efficiency of recruitment. Despite these advantages

(2021). (Second) Inaugural Editorial: How the Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology Can Nurture Team Science Approaches to Addressing Burning Questions about Mental Health. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology: Vol. 50, No. 1, pp. 1-11.

(2021). Editorial: A Call to Action for an Antiracist Clinical Science. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology: Vol. 50, No. 1, pp. 12-57.

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the costs and cost-effectiveness of a school-based training intervention delivered at varying levels of intensity with adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Costs were examined in relation to post-treatment and 6-month follow-up effects of the Challenging Horizons Program (CHP), a training intervention for adolescents

ABSTRACT Objective: Early psychosocial deprivation increases the risk of later cognitive and psychiatric problems, but not all deprived children show these difficulties. Here, we examine the extent to which psychosocial deprivation increases the risk of later cognitive and psychiatric difficulties and the downstream consequences of this for risk-taking behavior in adolescence. Method: Children abandoned

ABSTRACT Objective: We examined the predictive relation between childhood-diagnosed ADHD and trajectories of body mass index (BMI) from childhood to adulthood in an all-female sample, accounting for socioeconomic status (SES), childhood comorbidities (e.g., depression/anxiety), and stimulant usage. Childhood executive functioning (i.e., planning, sustained attention, and response inhibition) was also

ABSTRACT Objective: The current study reports functional outcomes from a multi-site randomized trial of a cognitive-behavioral treatment program for college students diagnosed with ADHD. Methods: A sample of emerging adults (N = 250; ages 18 to 30) currently attending college were comprehensively evaluated and diagnosed with ADHD (M age = 19.7; 66% female, 6.8% Latino, 66.3% Caucasian). Participants

ABSTRACT Objective: Completing a college degree is associated with success in employment, financial earnings, and life satisfaction. Mental health difficulties, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), can compromise degree completion. Method: We examined 4-year academic performance trajectories of 201 college students with ADHD (97 receiving medication [ADHD-Med], 104 not receiving

ABSTRACT Objective: Completing a college degree is associated with success in employment, financial earnings, and life satisfaction. Mental health difficulties, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), can compromise degree completion. Method: We examined 4-year academic performance trajectories of 201 college students with ADHD (97 receiving medication [ADHD-Med], 104 not receiving

ABSTRACT Objective: Behavioral parent training (BPT) is the first line of treatment for preschool-aged children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, clinically significant improvements are not universal. In the current study, we employ a person-centered approach to create subgroups of families based on the intersection of multiple parent, child, and family pre-treatment factors